creating your pennsylvania ms4 chesapeake bay pollution reduction...

Creating Your Pennsylvania MS4 Chesapeake Bay

Pollution Reduction Plans

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Direct On-site technical assistance Self guided web-based learning modules

Visit: www.chesapeakestormwater.net

Chesapeake Bay Stormwater Training Partnership

Next Up in our 2015 Webcast Series

http://chesapeakestormwater.net/events/categories/webcasts/2015-webcast-series/

June 4 Where Are the Urban Nutrients Coming From?

June 18 Tidal Shoreline Management: Processes & Techniques

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Poll Question #1

How many people are watching with you today?

• Just me

• 2-5 people

• 6-10 people

• > 10 people

Poll Question #2

In what sector do you work?

• Landscape contractor

• Engineering Consultant/Contractor

• Local Government

• State Government

• Non-profit

• Other

Poll Question #3

Did you, or anyone in the group with you, attend the MS4 workshops hosted by DEP this past winter?

• Yes

• No

• I don’t know

Speaker Info

Cecilia Lane

Chesapeake Stormwater

Network

Stormwater Coordinator

watershedgal@hotmail.com

Joseph Battiata, P.E.

Center for Watershed

Protection

Sr. Water Resources

Engineer

jgb@cwp.org

Today’s Agenda

• Overview and Background

• Four Steps of a Chesapeake Bay Pollution Reduction Plan

• Stormwater BMP and Urban Retrofit Strategies

Overview & Background

Overview & Background

Regulated municipalities that have jurisdiction (own or operate) a stormwater or drainage system (among other possible public infrastructure) and are within an ‘urbanized area’ as defined by the U.S. Census

Overview & Background

Develop, implement, and enforce a Stormwater Management Program to reduce the discharge of pollutants to the MEP to meet water quality standards

Overview & Background

Six Minimum Control Measures:

1. Public Education and Outreach

2. Public Participation and Involvement

3. Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination

4. Construction Site Runoff Control

5. Post-Construction Stormwater Management and

6. Pollution Prevention and Good Housekeeping for Municipal Operations and Maintenance

Overview & Background

If discharging to any portion of a waterbody with an approved TMDL; or

discharging to any tributaries that drain to the Chesapeake Bay:

You must develop and submit to DEP for approval, and ensure implementation of an MS4 TMDL Plan (Section A).

In the Chesapeake Bay watershed – referred to as a Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan (Section B)

TMDL/Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan Form

Attachment A Instructions

PA DEP Document: 3800-FM-BPNPSM0493 8/20/13

Section A: TMDL Plan/Design Details1. Summary of TMDL Strategy

2. Name of surface waters to which the UA discharges

3. Total number of discharge points (with a map)

4. Name of the TMDL

5. Watershed 8-digit HUC

6. Name of all the municipalities subject to the TMDL in the same HUC

7. Pollutants and WLA(s)

8. Estimated current load(s) and the % reduction required to meet the WLA

9. Explanation of how loads were calculated

10. List of all the BMPs: . . . .

Section A: TMDL Plan/Design Details

10. List of all the BMPs:

i. location,

ii. timeline/milestones,

iii. performance credit;

iv. calculated load entering, and

v. anticipated load reduction,

vi. BMP selection rational or decision matrix,

vii. description of long term O&M Plan

Section B: Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

2. Incorporate GI/LID/ESD into municipal infrastructure upgrades;

3. Estimate current pollutant loads (optional);

4. Identify TMDL control measures.

• In 4 easy steps:

1. Narrative description of drainage area of the MS4 within the UA;

412-442-4000

814-332-6984 570-826-2511570-327-3636

484-250-5970717-705-4700

Overview & Background

• Sample CBPRP formatted to address requirements of the 2013 PA MS4 Permit (PAG-13)

• Needs to be adapted to reflect varying local conditions and compliance goals

• Accepting comments (by July 1, 2015)

RA-EPPAMS4@pa.gov

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

2. Incorporate GI/LID/ESD into municipal infrastructure upgrades;

3. Estimate current pollutant loads (optional);

4. Identify TMDL control measures.

• In 4 easy steps:

1. Narrative description of drainage area of the MS4 within the UA;

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

1. Narrative description of the drainage area of the MS4 within the UA (that discharges to the tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay)

Understand your MS4

Understand the MS4

MCM #3: Illicit Discharge, Detection and Elimination (IDDE)

• BMP #2 & BMP #3: Develop and maintain a map of your regulated small MS4.

Minimum Control Measure #3

BMP #2 and #3

• Roads• Basins• Inlets• Piping• Swales• Catch Basins

• Channels• Outfalls• Watershed Boundaries• Municipal Boundaries• Any other features of the

storm sewer system

Map of Regulated MS4:

Understand the MS4

MS4 draining to pipe into basin

MS4 discharge from pipe(s) into grass swale

Drainage Area to the MS4

PADEP Draft Guidance December, 2014

Understand the MS4:

• Urbanized Area

• Land Cover:

– Regulated Pervious (%)

– Regulated Impervious (%)

• Streams

• Protected Lands

Understand the MS4:

• Areas to be excluded

– Direct Discharge to streams

– Other permitted entities (?)

• Colleges & Universities

• Federal facilities

• PennDOT

Understand the MS4: GIS Data

Data Source

Impervious Cover Chesapeake Bay Program

Land Use USGS National Land Cover Database

Streams PASDA

Boundary layers (municipal, county boundary, etc.)

PASDA, CBP

Urbanized Area U.S. Census Bureau

Step 1: Narrative description of the drainage area of the MS4 within the UA

Stormyville Township

• Muddy River Watershed

• Tributary to the Chesapeake Bay

• Total acres, Pervious % & Impervious %

• Characterization of soils by HSG

• Delineation of known areas of karst geology

• 10.2 miles of stream

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

• In 4 easy steps:

1. Narrative description of drainage area of the MS4 within the UA;

2. Incorporate GI/LID/ESD into municipal infrastructure upgrades;

3. Estimate current pollutant loads (optional);

4. Identify TMDL control measures.

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

2. Infrastructure Upgrades: CIP

• GI= Green Infrastructure

• LID = Low, Lower, Lowest Impact Development

• ESD = Environmental Site Design

Taking Advantage of Leveraged Capital

Streetscape and Sustainable Design Program, City of Chicago

Streetscape and Sustainable Design Program, City of Chicago

Pavement Rehabilitation at ‘Historic’ Town Hall

37

Re-Development & Revitalization

38

2. Infrastructure Upgrade Assessment

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

• In 4 easy steps:

1. Narrative description of drainage area of the MS4 within the UA;

2. Incorporate GI/LID/ESD into municipal infrastructure upgrades;

3. Estimate current pollutant loads (optional);

4. Identify TMDL control measures.

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

3. Estimating current pollutant loads will establish the baseline of the decision making matrix for selecting load reduction strategies.

Benefits (sales pitch):

• Account for what has been done (2006 to 2014);

• ‘Paint the target’ to support Step 4: optimization of reduction goals, strategies, and implementation

• Measureable progress towards compliance

Did you say ‘Compliance’?

TMDL vs CBPRP

MS4 Permits require (local) TMDL & CBPRP Plans:

• Compliance Goal (% reduction) of local TMDL is based on the specific language of the TMDL;

• Compliance Goal of the Chesapeake Bay TMDL is not (was not) as easily tabulated;

Therefore, calculating the existing load, and calculating a specific load (%) reduction is not mandatory for compliance with PAG-13.

3. Estimating Pollutant Loads

MapSheds (GWLF)- PSU

www.mapshed.psu.edu/

Chesapeake Assessment and Scenario Tool (CAST-CBP

www.casttool.org

Others

Watershed Treatment Model

http://www.cwp.org/online-watershed-library/

Clean Water Optimization Tool

http://www.cwp.org/2015-03-19-18-18-00/clean-water-optimization-tool

Estimating Pollutant Loads CAST:• Provides a ‘big picture’ perspective;

• Operates at a county scale;

• Utilizes Bay Model pollutant loading rates;

• Pervious & Impervious land cover (only);

• Aggregates total acreage to like BMPs;

• Bay Program BMP efficiencies are ‘hard wired’ into the tool;

• Does not include a ‘land use’ for streams; the load from stream bank erosion is reflected in the individual land use loading rates.

Estimating Pollutant Loads MapShed:• Also provides a ‘big picture’ perspective;

• Operates at a smaller scale: Borough or Township;

• Pre-populated pollutant loading rates based on GIS layers (built into the model), or User-entered;*

• More detailed land cover categories: crop land, pasture, lo-med- and high-density residential, mixed use, commercial, etc.;

• User entered BMP efficiencies (CBP, CBP USWG, PA BMP Manual);

• Utilizes a separate module to simulates the load from stream erosion sediment loads separate from land use;

• Instructional videos: http://www.mapshed.psu.edu/download.htm

MapShed Nutrient Load Editor

Estimating Pollutant Loads

• Goal of current Permit: develop a strategy;

• Utilize CAST or MapShed to understand loads and land uses;

• Utilize an alternate (parallel) calculation tool for developing & optimizing a CBPRP Strategy

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

• In 4 easy steps:

1. Narrative description of drainage area of the MS4 within the UA;

2. Incorporate GI/LID/ESD into municipal infrastructure upgrades;

3. Estimate current pollutant loads (optional);

4. Identify TMDL control measures.

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

4. Identify TMDL control measures– Location of BMPs (latitude/longitude, street

name, other)

– Implementation schedule

– BMP pollutant reduction credit for N, P and TS

– Rationale for selecting the BMP

– BMP O&M Plan

Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan

4. Identify TMDL control measures from Section II F of the NOI Instructions (3800-PM-BPNPSM0100c) or other BMPs, that will be implemented to reduce pollutant loads to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed from the MS4.

TMDL Control Measures 1. Establish, Restore and Protect Riparian Forest Buffers

2. Impervious Disconnection Program from the regulated MS4

3. Tree Planting

4. Construct Recharge / Infiltration Facilities

5. Stormwater Basin Retrofits

6. Restore Stream banks

7. Establish Green Infrastructure at Municipal Facilities

8. Develop and implement additional provisions to address TMDLs or a separate MS4 TMDL Stormwater Management Ordinance

9. Participate in an approved Trading and Offset Program

Top 10 Cost Effective Strategies:

1. Partnering with your neighbors

Cost Effective Strategies

54

Stream restoration: $200/lf

6 PA projects; avg length of restoration = 1,500 l.f.

Economy of Scale• Large Scale

– Basin & Storage Retrofits treat relatively large drainage areas;

– Generally categorized as Stormwater Treatment practices (treatment vs volume reduction);

– Compliments stream channel restoration/stabilization efforts;

• Small Scale– On-site Retrofits

– Raingardens

55

Urban Reforestation

56

Temple-Villanova Urban Reforestation Program

Impervious Cover Reduction

57

TMDL Control Measures: Stormwater RetrofitsNew Impervious Cover Retrofits 1. Near Existing Stormwater Outfalls

2. Within the Conveyance System

3. Adjacent to Large Parking Lots

4. Green street retrofits

5. On-site LID retrofits

Existing BMP Retrofits1. BMP Conversions

2. BMP Enhancements

3. BMP Restoration

New RetrofitsNear Existing Stormwater Outfalls

New RetrofitsWithin Existing Conveyance System

New RetrofitsAdjacent to Large Parking Lots

New RetrofitsGreen Infrastructure

New RetrofitsOn-Site LID

Stream Restoration & Stabilization

64

TMDL Control Measures: Stormwater Retrofits

Existing BMP Retrofits

1. BMP Conversions

2. BMP Enhancements

3. BMP Restoration

EXISTING RETROFITS

BMP CONVERSION

DRY POND CONSTRUCTEDWETLAND

EXISTING RETROFITS

BMP ENHANCEMENT

INCREASE IN HYDRAULIC RETENTION TIME

BMP RetrofitsBMP Restoration

Where Are Load Reductions in the Developed Landscape?

1. Retrofit Scoping• Define retrofit objectives

– Pollutants of concern (POC)

– In-stream sediment load

– Runoff volume

• Screen for retrofit potential– Impervious cover

– Existing SW basins

– Existing headwater culverts

– MS4 outfalls

– Publicly owned land

– Stream corridors

– Development/Redevelopment potential

2. Desktop Analysis

• GIS layers

• MS4 Mapping

3. Retrofit Reconnaissance Investigation (RRI)

• Advance preparation

• Evaluation criteria (RRI Form)

• Final summary

4. Compile Inventory

• Concept designs

• Storage volume estimates

• Pollutant removal/Volume reduction

• Initial cost estimates

• Master Retrofit Map

4. Compile Inventory

5 & 6. Evaluation & Ranking

• Establish Screening/Scoring criteria

• Develop Ranking

– Citizen Concerns:

Loss of trees

Safety;

Aesthetics;

Maintenance

Construction

75

5 & 6. Evaluation & Ranking (continued)

– Retrofit Benefits (Treatment Analysis)Feasibility (available head, access, land

ownership)*AccessCost/AcreCost/lb removedCost/ft3 of runoff removedStream Channel ProtectionMaintenanceVisibilityHabitatAncillary community benefits

*determined during RRI 76

Load Reduction & Costs

Estimating Pollutant Loads & Optimizing the Reduction Strategy

Data requirements

• Area of MS4; or other designation

• Percent impervious, pervious

• Land use type; and

• Design treatment volume, e.g.: 1”, 2.5”, etc.)

Tool Requirements

• WTM or CWOT

77

Tracking BMPs: Shovel Ready

7. Design & Construction

8. BMP Operation & Maintenance Plan

Example Pollutant Load Reduction Spreadsheet

81

Proj ID Name Location Proj Type Amount Unit TN RedLbs/yr

TP RedLbs/yr

TSS RedLbs/yr

$/est.(optional)

1 Little Big Run Lat/Long Stream Restoration

1200 Feet 359 122 970000 $250,000

2 Smart Kids Elementary School

Street Address

Bioretention 1.5 Acres Treated

175 95 130000 $34,000

3 MunicipalBuilding

StreetAddress

Pond Retrofit 7.5 Acres Treated

292 175 9000 $50,000

4 TownshipPark

Lat/Long Forest Buffer 4 acres 94 27 1200 $4,500

Pollutant Load Reduction Summary

Compare current loads (step 3) to projected load reduction from planned BMPs (step 4) to show progress (% reduction)

TN TP TSS

Current Load (includes voluntary and redevelopment projects)

A lbs/yr

Future planned projects B

Percent Reduction B x100A

Matching Load Reductions with WIP II Goals

• WIP II goals

– Developed using Chesapeake Bay Model/CAST tool

– MapShed may have been used to develop local TMDL

Questions?

Webcast Resources

• Model Chesapeake Bay Pollutant Reduction Plan –

draft version March 2, 2015

• See additional resource document

www.chesapeakestormwater.net

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