creating project schedule
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Creating the ProjectSchedule
Haroon ul RashidRef: Project Management Professional Exam STUDY GUIDE (Kim Heldman)
Defining ActivitiesThe Define Activities process is a further breakdown of the work package elements of the WBS.
Activity list Activity attributes Milestone list
Understanding the Sequence Activities Process
The interactivity of logical relationships must be sequenced correctly in order to facilitate the development of a realistic, achievable project schedule in a later process
Scheduling
The process of calculating start and finish dates of activities according to its relationship is called scheduling
Sequence Activities Tools and Techniques
Precedence diagramming method (PDM) Dependency determination Applying leads and lags Schedule network templates
Dependency Dependencies are relationships between the
activities in which one activity is dependent on another to complete an action, or perhaps an activity is dependent on another to start an action before It can proceed.
Type of dependencies Mandatory dependencies:
Inherent in the nature of the work being performed on a project; sometimes referred to as hard logic.
Discretionary dependencies:
Defined by the project team; sometimes referred to as soft logic and should be used with care because they may limit later scheduling options.
External dependencies:
Involve relationships between project and non-project activities.
Dependencies PresentationPredecessor
An activity that control the start or finish of another activity
Successor
An activity whose start or finish depends on another activity.
Concept Design Develop
Dependencies relationship A connection type between two activities is known
as relationship. There are four types of relationships.
Start to Start (SS)
Finish to Start (FS)
Finish to Finish (FF)
Start to Finish (SF)
Relationship- FS
A
B
Relationship- SS
A
B
Relationship- SF
A
B
Relationship- FF
A
B
Driving relationship In case of more then one predecessor /
successors, the relationship which can drive is called driving relationship.
A(3)
B(5)
C(5)
Activity lag Delay of an activity from its successor is
known as lag. Example: In the case of SS, activity B is
lagging activity A by 2-days A(4)
B(5)
+ 2day
Milestone A milestone is a significant event that normally
has no duration.
It often takes several activities and a lot of work to complete a milestone.
Milestones are useful tools for setting schedule goals and monitoring progress.
Examples include completion and customer sign-off on key documents and completion of specific products.
Network diagramBurst
Occurs when a single node is followed by two or more activities
MergeOccurs when two or more nodes precede a single node
Burst
Burst
Both
Marge
Merge
End
PDM network It is a method of constructing a project
schedule network diagram that uses boxes, referred to as nodes, to represent activities and connects them with arrows that show the dependencies.
ID Duration
ES LS
ID Activity Dependency duration
A Shower - 3
B Dry hair A 8
C Fetch car - 7
D Iron clothes - 12
E Dress and make-up B,D 10
F Drive to interview C,E 20
Draw activity network diagram with the following:
Network exercise
April 18, 202320 National Institute of Design and Analysis
0 3
A (3)
0 12
D (12)
3 11
B (8)
0 7
C (7) 12 22
E (10)
22 42
F (20)
ID Duration
ES LS
Exercise
Critical path is a procedure for using network analysis to
identify those tasks which are on the critical path;
where any delay in the completion of these tasks will lengthen the project timescale, unless action is taken.
Critical path is based on two factors:
Longest path
Path with zero float
Critical path importance How long will the entire project take to
complete?
Which activities determine total project time?
Which activity times should be shortened, if possible, or in other words, how many resources should be allocated to each activity?
CPM application
The CPM formally identifies tasks which must be completed on time for the whole project to be completed on time
Identifies which tasks can be delayed for a while if resource needs to be reallocated to catch up on missed tasks
It helps you to identify the minimum length of time needed to complete a project
Float or SlackAmount of time that a task can be delayed
without causing a delay to:
i. subsequent tasks (free float)
ii. project completion date (total float)
Forward and Backward passForward pass is a technique to move forward through a diagram to calculate activity duration.
Backward pass is its opposite.These are used to find floats
Forward and Backward passTwo formula's:
ES (Current) + Duration (Current) = ES (successor)
LS (Current) - Duration (Predecessor) = LS ( Predecessor)
Two Rules:
Forward Pass: Use the highest value on a join
Backward Pass: Use the lowest value on a join
April 18, 202327 National Institute of Design and Analysis
3 LS
B (8)
0 LS
A (3)
0 LS
D (12)
0 LS
C (7) 12 LS
E (10)
22 LS
F (20)
ES (Current) + Dur (Current) = ES (successor)
Use the highest value on a join
Forward pass
April 18, 202328 National Institute of Design and Analysis
LS (Current) - Dur (Predecessor) = LS ( Predecessor)
Use the lowest value on a join
You tube videos
0 1
A 3
0 0
D 12
3 4
B 8
0 15
C 7 12 12
E 10
22 22
F 20
Backward pass
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