contours of communalism in india of comunalism.pdf · source: sudhir (2016) table 2.2. location...
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Contours of Communalism in India
All-India Religious Population by Caste Categories
Religion SC's ST's BC's Others All
Hindu 22.2 9.1 42.8 26.0 100.0
Muslim 0.8 0.5 39.2 59.5 100.0
Christian 9.0 32.8 24.8 33.3 100.0
Sikhs 30.7 0.9 22.4 46.1 100.0
Buddhists 89.5 7.4 0.4 2.7 100.0
Jains 2.6 3.0 94.3 100.0
Zorastrians 15.9 13.7 70.4 100.0
Others 2.6 82.5 6.2 8.7 100.0
Total 19.7 8.5 41.1 30.8 100.0
Source: Sachar (2006 :7)
Rural Annual Household Expenditure in Rupees
Hindu Muslim Muslim/Hindu (%)
MPCE
HH
Size
HH
expenditure MPCE
HH
Size
HH
expenditure
HH
expenditure MPCE
All India 568 4.9 33705 553 5.6 37051 110 97
West Bengal 610 4.7 34586 501 5.2 31146 90 82
Kerala 970 4.1 47549 968 5.3 61082 128 100
Uttar Pradesh 544 6 38951 509 6.3 38337 98 94
Bihar 448 5.4 29155 426 5.4 27570 95 95
Assam 615 4.9 36446 511 5.6 34045 93 83
Jammu & Kashmir 840 5 50706 776 6.1 57046 113 92
Jharkhand 448 5.2 27728 423 5.8 29276 106 94
Karnataka 526 4.7 29860 532 5.1 32398 108 101
Uttaranchal 652 5 38787 600 5.9 42336 109 92
Delhi 1023 4.4 53963 1696 1 20352 38 166
Maharashtra 603 4.8 35011 576 5.5 38360 110 96
Andhra Pradesh 604 4 29307 610 4.5 33258 113 101
Gujarat 644 5 38272 668 5.5 44453 116 104
Rajasthan 593 5.6 39819 611 6.3 46436 117 103
Madhya Pradesh 458 5.5 30175 475 5.9 33368 111 104
Haryana 913 5.4 59700 605 6.8 49285 83 66
Tamil Nadu 597 3.8 27561 724 4.1 35981 131 121
Orissa 424 4.9 24811 447 6.3 33628 136 105
Himachal Pradesh 834 4.8 47640 798 6.3 60561 127 96
Chattisgarh 445 5.3 28401 473 5.9 33677 119 106
Punjab 852 5 51423 777 5.7 53075 103 91 Sources: (1) Sachar (2006: 365) and (2) NSSO (2007: 36-37)
Urban Annual Household Expenditure in Rupees
Hindu Muslim Muslim/ Hindu (%)
States MPCE
HH
Size
HH
expenditure MPCE
HH
Size
HH
expenditure
HH
expenditure MPCE
All India 1139 4.4 59575 804 5.4 51832 87 71
West Bengal 1214 4.1 59908 748 4.7 41865 70 62
Kerala 1363 4.4 71214 1081 5.3 68139 96 79
Uttar Pradesh 976 5.2 60439 662 6.2 49285 82 68
Bihar 768 5.1 46961 559 5.7 38273 81 73
Assam 1113 4.2 55748 1199 4.9 70366 126 108
J &K 1323 4.5 71423 991 5.2 61615 86 75
Jharkhand 1038 4.8 59801 727 5.5 48102 80 70
Karnataka 1201 4.1 58412 837 5.2 52668 90 70
Uttaranchal 1033 4.6 56439 753 5 44800 79 73
Delhi 1423 4.1 69571 1051 4.3 54745 79 74
Maharashtra 1278 4.4 66776 921 5.4 59857 90 72
Andhra Pradesh 1134 4 54104 803 5.2 50048 93 71
Gujarat 1227 4.6 67049 875 5.2 54771 82 71
Rajasthan 979 4.8 56588 685 5.9 48679 86 70
Madhya Pradesh 902 4.9 53429 669 6.1 48867 91 74
Haryana 1155 4.7 65551 1105 5.3 70720 108 96
Tamil Nadu 1166 3.7 51777 1020 4.1 50212 97 87
Orissa 795 4.5 43250 785 4.6 43795 101 99
Himachal Pradesh 1487 3.7 65175 869 3.2 33601 52 58
Chattisgarh 956 4.5 51958 590 5.9 41514 80 62
Punjab 1241 4.7 70372 811 4.4 42655 61 65 Sources: (1) Sachar, 2006: 364) and (2) NSSO, 2007: 36-37).
All India Household Age Profile
FEMALES MALES
RURAL URBAN RURAL URBAN
Hindus Muslims Hindus Muslims Hindus Muslims Hindus Muslims
Below 15
years 341 394 273 356 359 428 276 357
15-54 560 530 616 559 539 493 628 568
55 and Above 99 76 110 85 102 79 97 77
Total 1000 1000 999 1000 1000 1000 1001 1002
Source: NSSO, 2007: A-7, A-8, A-10, A-11) Data consolidated here.
Proportion of persons (per 1000) employed according to usual principal and subsidiary status
RURAL URBAN
Male Female Male Female
States Hindu Muslim Hindu Muslim Hindu Muslim Hindu Muslim
All India 553 495 344 178 555 526 174 121
West Bengal 591 541 194 131 593 599 155 152
Kerala 596 448 302 124 574 464 247 81
Uttar Pradesh 504 450 249 190 534 506 104 147
Bihar 487 413 150 74 443 503 64 77
Assam 561 535 252 131 549 571 118 56
J& K 580 538 395 202 520 532 117 108
Jharkhand 552 440 302 267 467 502 127 93
Karnataka 625 600 470 348 584 553 200 119
Uttaranchal 524 520 445 148 508 570 136 46
Delhi 489 1000 49 0 535 604 96 11
Maharashtra 572 476 480 280 570 533 202 126
Andhra Pradesh 609 538 490 397 567 539 246 108
Gujarat 590 619 436 322 585 531 168 82
Rajasthan 509 481 411 236 505 482 189 126
Madhya Pradesh 544 535 370 279 520 517 159 142
Haryana 524 471 321 277 511 534 130 14
Tamil Nadu 605 460 475 141 606 499 254 120
Orissa 587 477 319 254 507 465 149 42
Himachal Pradesh 555 590 505 516 627 811 240 48
Chattisgarh 563 600 459 75 531 564 188 114
Punjab 544 606 202 472 582 641 122 118 Source: NSSO, 2007: 50-51, 53 -54)
Average Annual Household Income in MCD's 2007-08 (Rupees)
Serial District State % Muslim Hindu Muslim % M/H
1 Bahraich UP 34.8 30153 28224 94
2 Balrampur UP 36.7 46333 41341 89
3 Barabanki UP 22.0 32195 26306 82
4 Muzzaf’nagar UP 38.1 43665 37975 87
5 Bijnor UP 41.7 30948 25994 84
6 Baduan UP 21.3 23737 26341 111
7 Bagpat UP 24.7 44735 30498 68
8 Saharanpur UP 39.1 61017 66457 109
9 Bulandshar UP 21.1 52985 35482 67
10 Lucknow UP 20.5 34068 45557 134
11 Moradabad UP 45.5 40625 41637 102
12 Siddh’nagar UP 29.4 31712 39406 124
13 JP Nagar UP 39.4 50987 50842 100
14 Lashmipur K UP 19.1 30970 24730 80
15 Shrawasti UP 21.6 41876 37107 89
16 Bareilly UP 33.9 27534 25278 92
17 Rampur UP 49.1 42940 45699 106
18 Hardwar UTK 37.7 42840 37636 88
19 USingh Nagar UTK 16.2 84796 43985 52
20 Dharbhanga Bihar 22.3 33174 32149 97
21 PChamaparan Bihar 21.7 25148 33398 133
Serial District State % Muslim Hindu Muslim % M/H
22 Kishangunj Bihar 74.1 34291 38020 111
23 Katihar Bihar 44.8 26065 27966 107
24 Araria Bihar 41.4 32065 31012 97
25 Purnia Bihar 38.1 32055 28891 90
26 Sitamarhi Bihar 21.4 32804 29951 91
27 Gumla JH 3.6 18996 29004 153
28 Pakur JH 32.7 29070 38438 132
29 Ranchi JH 10.2 33565 33426 100
30 Sahibganj JH 32.4 33051 35216 107
31 Parbhani MHA 6.6 52013 32002 62
32 Hingoli MHA 6.1 62503 37864 61
33 Washim MHA 6.5 55461 48445 87
34 Bhuldana MHA 9.1 50898 32876 65
35 Sirsa HAR negl 86375 44063 51
36 Mewat HAR 74.2 34798 48580 140
37 Leh J&K 12.9 83079 76527 92
38 Bidar KAR 12.2 48324 43539 90
39 Gulbarga KAR 11.6 49150 40251 82
40 Mamit MIZO 1.8 58006 33627 58
41 Lawngtlai MIZO 0.3 51203 35254 69
42 Wynad Kerala 26.5 44446 56802 128
Rural Urban
All Hindu All Muslim All Hindu All Muslim
MPCE H
Size H
Income MPCE H Size
H Income
MPCE H
Size H Income MPCE H Size
H Income
2004-05 178.2 4.95 882.09 173.2 5.59 968.188 336.9 4.36 1468.884 237.9 5.37 1277.523
2009-10 190.1 4.5 855.45 178.4 4.9 874.16 382.2 4.0 1528.8 264.8 4.8 1271.04
2011-12 218.8 4.4 962.72 207.9 5.0 1039.5 429.9 3.9 1676.61 297.6 5.0 1488.0
Kundu Report (2014)
Kundu Report (2014)
Monthly Incomes
Per Capita Family
Rural Urban Rural Urban
M/H M/H M/H M/H
2004-05 0.97 0.71 1.10 0.87
2009-10 0.94 0.69 1.02 0.83
2011-12 0.95 0.69 1.08 0.89
Hindu Muslim All
Rural 4.5 5.4 4.8
Urban 4.6 5.5 5.2
All 4.6 5.5 5.0
Telangana
Average Household Size
Source: Sudhir (2016) Table 2.2
Location Gender Hindu Muslim All
Rural
Male 80 75 79
Female 65 47 63
Urban
Male 76 69 74
Female 25 8 21
Telangana
Work Participation Ratios (15-64 Years) 2012-13 (%)
Source: Sudhir (2016) Table 2.2
Location Income Expenditure
Hindu Muslim Hindu Muslim
Rural 10887 10372 4400 5295
Urban 12938 13742 5838 7086
All 11587 12848 4892 6615
GHMC 14198 14474 6570 7738
NON-GHMC 11342 11785 4734 5880
Telangana
Hindu Muslim Monthly Household Income and
Expenditure
Source: Sudhir (2016), Tables A 5.14 and A 5.15
Figure 2. Three scenarios for differences between means
Distribution of Per capita consumption
Yastu = That is Sarvani = Every
Bhootani = Beings with and without souls Aatmaanyeva = Not different from his own Self
Anupasyati = Realizes Sarva = Every
Bhootescu = All the beings Aatmanam = In his own Self
Tato = Thereby Na = Does not
Vijupsate = Hate
“The wise One, who realizes all beings as not different from his own Self; and his own self as the Self of all beings –
thereby does not hate anyone.” Isa Upanishad v.6
Beloved-of-the-Gods, King Piyadasi, speaks thus: Dhamma is good, but what constitutes Dhamma? (It includes) little evil, much good, kindness, generosity,
truthfulness and purity. And it consists of this: proper behavior towards servants
and employees, respect for mother and father, generosity to friends, companions, relations, Brahmans
and ascetics, and not killing living beings. Therefore a father, a son, a brother, a master, a friend, a companion or a neighbor should say: "This is good, this should be
done." One benefits in this world and gains great merit in the next by giving the gift of the Dhamma.
2nd and 11th ROCK EDICT AT GIRNAR (300 BC)
"Who knows for certain? Who shall here declare it? Whence was it born, whence came creation? The gods are later than this world's formation; Who then can know the origins of the world? None knows whence creation arose; And whether He has or has not made it; He who surveys it from the lofty skies, Only He knows- or perhaps He knows not." - The Rig Veda (X:129)
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