constitution lesson 2 websites/brown/cstpages/ch2... · 2014-02-25 · - colonists were upset ......
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Constitution
Lesson 2
Coming of IndependenceA. Royal Control
- parliament stayed out of it2. King was 3000 miles away
- colonies were somewhat self-governed- colonial legislatures grew powerful over time.
3. Similar to Federal System- King in charge of defense and foreign affairs
- allowed inter-colony trade- Colonists set up their own local govt.
- often ignored the King’s rules
But then …
1. set up harsh colonial taxes.
1. King controlled the 13 colonies
- took 2 months to sail to London
- Provided uniform money system
- King George III takes the throne in 1760
- colonists were upset – King should notcontrol local affairs!
- Choice = SUBMIT OR REVOLT!!!
- “No taxation without representation!”
2. Restricted colonial trade
B. Growing Colonial Unity- colonists tried to promote colonial unity.
1. Early Attempts- 1643 -- League of Friendship – Mass Bay, Plymouth,
New Haven, & CT. -- needed Indian protection.
- 1696 – William Penn (PA) wanted colonial cooperationfor defense, trade, courts, etc.
- other colonies did not like the plans.
2. Albany Plan
- set up a congress of delegates
3. Sent Br. soldiers to enforce the rules
- 1754 – Ben Franklin came up with Albany Plan for Union
4. Colonists wanted to remain BR citizens
- raise army & navy
King & colonists shot down the idea!3. Stamp Act Congress
- severe rates- colonists protested – King repealed it, but there was friction
4. Committee of Correspondence
- to protest Tea tax – colonists dumped tea into harbor.C. 1st Continental Congress
1. Intolerable Acts – punish colonists2. Met to discuss 13 colony boycott of BR goods.
D. 2nd Continental Congress
5. Boston Tea Party
1. War began in April Lexington & Concord
- Stamp Act of 1765 – pay a tax on all legal docs. & newspapers
- regulate taxes and trade
- Boston Massacre 5 colonists killed by panicked soldiers
- Samuel Adams – set up network to exchange info with othercolonies.
2. Met in May to discuss what to do.
- John Hancock was President of the Congress- U.S. first national govt. – from 1776 – 1781 when
Articles of Confederation were approved.E. Declaration of Independence
- asked Ben Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman,Robert Livingston, and Thomas Jefferson to write it.
- adopted and signed on July 4, 1776F. First State Govts.
- each state adopted a new const.- constitution – fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures,
and processes of govt.- MA was first – held a convention other states followed suit
G. Common Features of New States1. Popular Sovereignty - people have the power
- put George Washington in charge of ARMY
- Richard Henry Lee of VA suggested independence.
- Thomas Jefferson wrote the final draft.
2. Limited Govt. – many restrictions on govt.3. Civil Rights & Liberties
- Executive, Legislative, Judicial
- elected terms were very short - 2 yrs. at most- only male property owners could vote
- state govts. had little power.
- 7 of 13 states had Bill of Rights unalienable4. Separation of Powers/Checks & Balances
Had a large impact on the future U.S. Constitution!!!
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