communication process 3
Post on 08-Apr-2015
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Communication
ProcessSession 3 Introduction to Comm Science
Message,
Channel /Media &
Feedback
We’re gonna talk about… Some elements of communication that help
define the communication process …
Communication
process on a basic
life function
And next we’re gonna talk
about…
And finally you have to… Work on a group assignment!
On the last 30
minutes, you have to
form a group and work
on a group
assignment on today’s
topic. So pay attention
closely to the
presentation!
hide
Elements of Communication Remember this?
1.Senderswho formulate,
encode, and
transmit a
message
2.Receiverswho receive,
decode, and
interpret a
message
3.MessageThe content of communicative act
• non verbal
• verbal
• ideas
• our facial expression
• information
• concepts
• etc
4. ChannelsA medium through which
message is sent
- verbal and non verbal
- TV, Radio, Magazine, Newspaper,
Internet
- Seminar, Meetings
- Face to face, Interviews
5. NoiseEverything that interferes with or distorts the ability
to send and receive message
• Internal Noise
(psychological, physical, intellectual)
• External Noise
(loud siren, hot/cold room temperature, disturbing
smell, prejudices, perception)
6. ContextThe setting or part of situation that
surrounds a particular things.
- Home
- Stadium
- Church
- Mosque
- Funeral
- Club
- etc
7. FeedbackInformation returned from
receiver to a message source
(sender)
Positive feedback
Negative feedback
Internal feedback
External feedback
8. EffectThe communication outcome
Emotional
(joy, anger, sadness, fun)
Physical
(to fight, argue, and evade issue)
Cognitive
(new insights, increase knowledge)
The Channels
Channels refer to the
ways in which the
messages travels to the
receiver
Saluran yang biasanya
dipergunakan dalam
upaya penyebarluasan
pesan, yaitu:
- Saluran komunikasi
personal
- Saluran komunikasi
non-personal
Channel
The Channels
The channels of face-to-face
communication are the
sensory organs
ChannelsLight waves carry visual messages
ChannelsSound waves carry spoken words
Touch is also channel with
tactile sensory
Channels
ChannelsAir currents carry messages through
the olfactory channel to our noses
The Channels
of OrganizationalCommunication include newsletter,
memo, company email-messages,
bulletin boards, annual reports, etc
The Channels
of Mass Communication
In mass communication, the
primary channels are newspapers,
radio, film, television, and internet
Print MediaWeakness
- Slow
process/progress
- Limitation of
visual
- No audio
Strengths
- Repeatable
- More detail
- Analyze more
deeply
Electronic Media
Weakness- No repetition
- Lack of detail
- High cost
Strengths- Fast from time
- Audio visual
- Potential to reach
large numbers of
people
The Internet
Strengths- Very fast
- Audio visual
- Practical and
flexible
- Potential to reach
large numbers of
people
Weakness-Lack of privacy
The Feedback
Feedback refers to those responses of the
receiver that shape and alter subsequent
message of the source
FeedbackPositive Feedback – the original
receiver
encouraged the communication.
Negative Feedback – the original
receiver terminated the communication.
Feedback
FeedbackImmediate feedback occurs when
the reactions of the receiver are
directly perceived by the source
FeedbackDelayed feedback occurs when the
reactions of the receiver take a while
time to communicate to the source
Communication Modes
1. Visual Messages
2. Tactile Messages
3. Olfactory and Gustatory
Messages
4. Auditory Messages
Visual Messages
“The little details are by far the most important”Sherlock Holmes to Dr. Watson
Visual Messages• Particularly important, example: a
wave and a smile, a blush of
embarrassment, a tear, new clothes,
new car, headline of news, etc
• Potential sources of information that
can hold great significance for us
when they are noticed and attended
to with all of that
Visual Messages• Sight
• Facial Displays
• Movement of Body Parts
Visual Messages• Position
Visual Messages• Distance and Spacing
Visual Messages
• Adornment
Visual Messages• Dress
Tactile MessagesPhysical contact plays
a critical role in biological
and social development
of human.
Tactile Messages• Touch
• Vibration
• Stroking
• Rubbing
• Pressure
• Pain
• Temperature
Olfactory & Gustatory
Messages
Olfactory & Gustatory
MessagesHuman have the set
of organs for
chemical message
production
and
reception
Olfactory & Gustatory
Messages• Smell
• Body Odors
• Special Chemicals
• Food sources, fragrances, taste
Auditory MessagesAuditory messages
provide
critical links
to
the environment
and
to one another.
Auditory Messages
• Sound
• Incidental Sounds
• Vibration
Auditory Messages• Whistling
• Drumming
• Rubbing
• Vocalization
Communication As A Basic
Life Function
• Courtship and Mating
• Reproduction
• Parent-Offspring Relation & Socialization
• Navigation
• Self-Defense
• Territoriality
Courtship and Mating
• Must be able to identify other individuals
of their own species
• Must attract or persuade one another
• The process through visual, auditory, and
tactile also chemical cues
• Involve persuasion and negotiation
Wondering why they’re look a
like?
Reproduction
Any species, including human, as they
reach adulthood, bear a strong physical
resemblance to their parents.
Reproduction
Reproduction of human offspring by their
parents begins at the moment of
conception as the sperm and egg join.
Reproduction
Egg cells and sperm cells carries ‘the
messages’ necessary to parents
contribution to character and physical
inherited on their child.
Parent-Offspring Relation
and Socialization
• Children’s survival depends on relations
with adults
• We are dependent others than other
creatures.
• Essential to survival
Navigation
• Purposeful movement
• Goal-directed movement is necessary for
nearly all of life’s activities
• Walking across a room to pick up a
magazine, requires the processing of
information of location, destination, and
incremental progress.
Self-Defense
• Communication plays an important role in
the processes through which living
systems identify and respond to potential
threats to their safety and well-being.
Territoriality
• Important to human life as it is to lives
of many other animals.
• Maintain personal space, example bag
on empty seat in bus, class or
big umbrella on the beach, etc
Territoriality
• Spend time of selecting, allocating, and
decorating homes, offices, and apartments
• Providing territories serve the
communicative functions, including
establishment and display of personal,
social, economic, and occupational
identity and status
And finally you have to… Work on a group assignment!
-Your group have to find an
write examples on
communication as a basic life
functions.
- These examples could be
fictious, or taken from your
experience life, from a movie
or a story, even from ad and
news
- Assignment has to be
handed on the end of this
session.
- Let’s start the discussion!
Sources
• Image:www. missmobile.wordpress.com
www.inmage
www.motivatethyself.com
www.m-t-d.co.uk
www.thecleaningforce.com
www.inmagine.com
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