coastal atlas interoperability - ontologies
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Coastal Atlas Interoperability -
Ontologies
Luis BermudezStephanie Watson
Marine Metadata Interoperability Initiative 1
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Day 1
3
Preparation
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Pre-paration (5 min)
•Create groups of 2.•Every group will have a number (X)•Your working ontology will be aX.owl•Example: Group 10 should work on a10.owl•One group will also be the super atlas master group - so they will add resources to this ontology if needed. (more later)
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Pre-paration (10 min)
•Make sure that:•CMAP works•TopBraidComposer works•You can access the SVN repository
CMAP• tool to create concept maps
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TopBraidComposer (TBC)
• TBC is a tool to develop Semantic Web ontologies and semantic applications in RDF
• Walk through the help system and Ch 3. of the tutorial
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Help in TopBraidComposer
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2
3
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Configuring Help
• Click on Help / Help Contents• Click on Search Scope hypertext•Click on New• Give a name e.g. TopBraid• Select TopBraid Composer• Click OKs
Introduction to Subversion (SVN)
• an open source version control system• allows users to keep track of changes made over time to any type of electronic data
• typical uses are versioning source code, web pages or design documents
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•Used in this tutorial to publish ontologies... simulating a distributed environment
Check that SVN is Installed in TBC
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• Window Menu• Show View• Other
Should See the SVN Repository Folder
If not, install SVN plugin
• Help Menu• Software Updates
• Find and Install
• Click on “…new features”
• Check “subclipse update site” box
• Click on “new remote site”
• Type URL of the SVN plugin and follow instructions
Create Project from SVN Repository
• Window Menu• Show View• Other
• Select SVN Repository
• A view titled “SVN Repository” should have appeared.
• Right click and select:New
Repository Location
• Type the following URL: https://ont.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ and click on Finish
• User: mmidemo• Password: j6x4e4b8
• Right click on “ont-coastal” folder
• Choose Checkout
• “Accept permanently”
• Checkout and create a new project, for example, “ont-coastal”
• You should have a project with the ontologies available
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SVN Operations
Publish changes
Update the files in your local directory
Explore changes
Overview• Goals• Introduction to Ontologies• Ontology Components and Practical Exercise
• Advanced Ontology Concepts– Mappings– Restrictions and Description Logic– SPARQL and Rules
• MMI Tools• Ontology Engineering• Interoperability Demonstration• Discussions
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Goals
• Gain an understanding of controlled vocabularies (CVs) and ontologies
• Hands on experience developing ontologies
• Learn enough to write proposal to go further
• Have fun
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Introduction to Ontologies (20 min)Semantic
Interoperability Problems•Semantic Interoperability
•Controlled Vocabularies•Ontologies, RDF, OWL etc..
Interoperability
Diversity
Making Connections
Confusion
What happens if we are not semantically interoperable ?
•We cannot find all the data that we are seeking.
•p. 41 of Workshop 1 report: “Terminology used to describe similar data can vary between specialties or regions, which can complicate data searches and data integration.”
•We get too many results and they are hard to classify.
Semantic Interoperability Problem: Can’t find all
the data
Semantic Interoperability Problem:
Information Overload
Need Categorizations ...
Agreements on content help
solve semantic interoperabilit
y problems.
Ontologies could be a mechanism
Ontologies facilitate agreement
on:• controlled vocabularies• mappings• categories• knowledge of a domain
Controlled Vocabularies (CVs) What are they?
• a set of restricted words, used by an information community when describing resources or discovering data;
• prevents misspellings and avoids the use of arbitrary, duplicative, or confusing words that cause inconsistencies when cataloging or searching data.
• For example:– Glossary, dictionary– Classifications and categories– Relationship categories
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Examples of CVs in Use:Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of
Hydrologic Science (CUAHSI) http://www.cuahsi.org
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Examples of CVs in Use:OGC URN Resolver
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19SOAP WSDL
It is not always possible to agree on one and only one vocabulary
Ontologiesfacilitate agreement
on:• controlled vocabularies• mappings• categories• knowledge of a domain
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Interoperability
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Ontologies facilitate agreement
on:• controlled vocabularies• mappings• categories (is a type of mapping -:> )
• knowledge of a domain
Example Oregon Atlas
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Categories Example - Oregon Coastal
Atlas
Ontologies facilitate agreement
on:• controlled vocabularies• mappings• categories• knowledge of a domain
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Knowledge Domain Representation
OntologiesGood for Expressing
Formally:• controlled vocabularies
• mappings• categories• knowledge of a domain
•formal•machine friendly
how ?
Formal
RDF
ResourceDescriptionFramework
RDF
r a d a r
r a i n
m e a s u r e s
D r e x e l
d b Z
i s i n
D I X
i s a
P h i l a d e l p h i a
c o v e r s
0
V a l u e i s
p u b l i s h e s
N O A Ao p e r a t e s
M o s t r e c e n t a v e r a g e
H a s u n i t s
R a i n i n g
R e l a t e d n o u n
N o R a i n i n g
N e g a t i o n o f
m e a s u r e s
V a l u e i s
H a s u n i t s
S u b j e c tO b j e c tp r e d i c a t e
RDF Simple Graph Model
Observation
platform
observed property
Sea water Temperature
define inMBARI
SOS
bounded by
36.69 -122.338 0
Lower corner
valuecrs
EPSG:6.5:4329
urn:ogc:def:crs:EPSG:6.5:4329
Mooring feature of interest
Monterey Bay
http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?…:234322
http://marinemetadata.org/platform#MooredBuoy
http://marinemetadata.org:9600/oostethys/sos
…
http://marinemetadata.org/2005/02/ioos#Temperature
Temperature
narrower than
http://marinemetadata.org/cf#sea_water_temperature
Water based platform
isARDF
URI
• http://somehost/absolute/URI/resource.jpg• ftp://somehost/resource.txt• urn:issn:1535-3613• mailto:infobot@ex.com?subject=suscribe• SIN://16137224697
“Most fundamental web stuff”
RDF Serialization
•RDF/XML
•Turtle
•N3
•N-Triple
•...
RDF is graph model that could be “stored” in different formats
Ontologies .. good for expressing formally
• controlled vocabularies
• mappings• categories• knowledge of a domain
•formal•machine friendly
how ?
how ?•RDF•Web Resources
Ontology Web Language (OWL)
•RDF/XML is the syntax
•is a representation language for ontologies
•extends RDFS by allowing representation of more complex relationships and more precise constraints on classes and properties
•uses URIs
•is the “lingua franca” of the Semantic Web
BREAK !• Next: SeaDataNet use case (Roy Lowry)
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