cluster coordinators training programme

Cluster Coordinators Training Programme

B.R.SHIVAKUMAR

DD(Tech)

KARWAR

4 -7 -2010

2=30PM - 4=00PM

Topics to be covered

Protection of water sourcesEquitable distribution of waterReduction of pumping hoursAction plan to increase the household

connections

View of Earth

WATER

Water is a chemical substance with the chemical formula H2O

Water is a liquid, but it often co-exists on Earth with its solid state, ice, and gaseous state, water vapor or steam.

Water covers 70.9% of the Earth's surface, and is vital for all known forms of life

Where is water found

On Earth, it is found mostly in oceans and other large water bodies, with 1.6% of water below ground in aquifers and 0.001% in the air as vapor, clouds, and precipitation.

Oceans hold 97% of surface water. Glaciers and polar ice caps 2.4%, and other

land surface water such as rivers, lakes and ponds 0.6%.

How much water is where

Oceans, Seas, & Bays 96.5% Ice caps, Glaciers, & Permanent Snow 1.74% Ground water 1.7% Fresh 0.76% Saline 0.94% Soil Moisture 0.001% Ground Ice & Permafrost 0.022%

How much water is where

Lakes 0.013% Fresh 0.007%  Saline 0.006% Atmosphere 0.001%

Swamp Water 0.0008%  Rivers 0.0002%   

Potable & Safe Water

Water fit for human consumption is called drinking water or potable water.

Water that is not fit for drinking but is not harmful for humans when used for bathing, cooking and similar activities is called safe water

Water sources

Ground water sourceso Bore Wellso Open Wellso Shallow dug wells, Springs.

Surface Sources Rivers, Lakes,Ponds,Streams,Jhari’s,etc Sea -in countries where Desalination is being

done then is the source. Reservoirs

Access to drinking water in the third world

Why protect water sources

Low percentage of availability To ensure quality To ensure quantity does not deplete To prevent contamination To ensure sustainability To ensure potability

Protection of water sources

Protection of qualityPrevent contamination both surface and

under ground Protection of Quantity

Prevent abuse, encourage recharge

GROUP DISCUSSION

1. How does water get contaminated?

2. How to prevent it ?

EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION OF WATER

What is Equitable Distribution? Why is it necessary? How can it be achieved? Who is responsible?

EQUITY IN QUALITY AND QUANTITY

Reduction in hours of pumping

Why should we reduce the hours of pumping?

How can we achieve it ? How can the community contribute to it ? Coordinators as change agents ! Impact on O & M

INDIVIDUAL HOUSEHOLD TAP CONNECTIONS

What does it mean to the lady of the house? Benefits to the household Benefits to the water supply system. Role of coordinator Over all impact

DEBATE

Should the number of individual household tap connections be increased to cover the entire village ?

Advantages and Disadvantages

Percentage of Coverage

Questions ??

THANK YOU !!!!!THANK YOU !!!!!

B.R.SHIVAKUMAR

DD(Tech)

KARWAR

9448357750, brrshiv@gmail.com