cloud computing in government

“Cloud computing can help lower the cost of government operations while driving innovation.”

US CTO Vivek Kundra

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

What kind of cloud?

Four Different Types of Clouds

• Private Cloud

• Community Cloud

• Public Cloud

• Hybrid Cloud

Private Cloud

Utah’s private cloud is an internal service-oriented environment optimized for performance and cost that is deployed inside the state’s datacenters.

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

The Private CloudPlanning the Infrastructure

Building the Cloud

• Virtualization and automation• Interchangeable resources: servers, storage,

and network• Management of these resources as a single

fabric• Elastic capacity: ability to scale (up or down) to

respond to business requirements• Focused on service to the business

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Progress

• Identified two primary datacenters• 2005 – began virtualization testing, 45 servers

virtualized to 3• 2005 – Consolidation of all executive branch IT

resources into one department• 2006 - began pulling 38 datacenters into the two

primary datacenters• 2007 – Architecture Review Board created• 2008 – Cloud strategy developed• 2009 – CIO announced creation of Utah’s private

cloud

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

• The State will develop a Cloud environment that leverages internally-hosted services with specialized access and security requirements with public services that add to or replaced existing state infrastructure services. When the State of Utah Cloud services vision is realized, users will be able to:

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

1. Use on-demand self-service and provision-computing capabilities such as hosting and network storage, as needed, without requiring human interaction with each service’s provider

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

2. Access services over the network and through standard mechanisms that promote use by hetrogeneous thin or thick client platforms

3. Use resource-pooling to serve multiple users using a multi-tenant shared model, with different physical and virtual resources dynamically assigned and reassigned according to consumer demand

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

4. Use services with location-independence enabled

5. Use service resources at more abstract levels such as storage, backup services, processing, memory, network bandwidth, and virtual machines

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

6. Be able to leverage capabilities that can be rapidly and elastically provisioned to scale out and rapidly released to scale in

7. Use capabilities for provisioning that often appear to be unlimited and can be purchased in any quantity at any time

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Vision

8. Report on resource-usage that is monitored, controlled, and reported, providing transparency for both the provider and user of the utilized service

9. Use appropriate implementation of security and privacy to meet State and Federal requirements

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Major Cloud Services Providers

• Amazon

• Microsoft

• Google

• IBM

• HP

Google will offer cloud-computing services designed specifically for U.S. government agencies starting next year. The services will be hosted in Google’s existing datacenters, but on systems that are compliant with government regulations.

- Infoworld

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Internal Clouds Won’t Meet All Your Needs

• Your internal cloud will be relatively small• Performance testing is best done on rented

resources• An internal cloud is not for all applications • Some applications will need “cloud bursting”• Others may work best in a hybrid cloud

deployment

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Source: Forrester Research

Green Aspects of Cloud

• Fewer servers, less waste

• Lower energy consumption

• Opportunities to leverage renewable energy sources

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

A Cloud Concept

envisioned by Marketspace®

Characteristics of the Utah cloud service offering

• Located off-site in State data centers, or offered through third-party service providers

• Solution-based and solution-packaged, meaning that all supporting elements for a given cloud solution are bundled and managed by the service provider

• Accessed via the Internet, using standard TCP/IP protocols, with a Web browser as its primary user interface, while offering its main system interfaces via Web services APIs

• Require minimal IT skills to order and implement • Be available in a way that supports self-provisioning and self-service

requesting, with 24/7 availability for order placement and near real-time deployment

• Offer dynamic and fine-grained scalability

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Virtualization:

• Platform virtualization• Application

virtualization• Memory virtualization• Storage virtualization• Network virtualization• Database

virtualization• Desktop virtualization

• More efficient use of equipment

• Lower management costs

• Reduced complexity• Simplified

deployments• Standardized

structures and processes

State of Utah Hybrid Cloud

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective

Cloud Computing: A State’s Perspective