cloning sf final - inside feiinside.fei.org/system/files/vet_cloning.pdfreproductive techniques ......

CLONES

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne, Switzerland

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CLONING & PROGENY

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ETHICS AND CLONING

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FEI POSITION

Ordinary General Assembly, Estoril 2007

“The competitive equestrian couple of horse and riderare both acknowledged as athletes by the FEI.

The cloning of either with a view to competing atinternational level would be unacceptable to the FEI.

The FEI opposes cloning for it goes against one of FEI’sbasic objectives: to enable FEI athletes “to compete ininternational events under fair and even conditions.”

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 5

CLONING WORLDWIDE

Conservative estimate in 2010 >110

Riding and breeding

Genetic preservation- Castrated males- Reproductive problems- Deceased (injury, disease)

Stud book RegistrationCryozootech, FRA

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 6

WHAT IS CLONING?

A genetic copy of a donor/ model animal

•Harvesting of individual’s cells

•Sourcing of donor egg/s from donor mare

•Removal of genetic material from donor egg, before injecting model’s DNA into egg

•Activation and implantation of recombined egg to recipient mare for normal gestation and birth

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 7

ETHICS One Side The Other Side

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GENETICS

CLONING

ORIGINAL COPY98% Identical

DONOR OOCYTE

Original and clone Sperm is the same Oocyte of cloned mare is not the same

? ImprovementOR

? Restriction

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 9

REGULATING & TESTING

How to identify clones/ progeny?

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 10

STUD BOOKS

Association Register Clones

Recorded in passport

Recorded in stud database

World Breeding Federation of Sports Horses (WBFSH)

Yes Yes Yes

Continental Studbook, USA Yes

Sport Horse BreedingAssociation of GB

Yes No Yes

Danish Warmblood Yes Yes Yes

Holsteiner Verbands Yes Yes Yes

France (FRA) – general policy

No N/A N/A

Belgium Warmblood Yes Yes Yes

Pure Bred Arab No N/A N/A

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 11

REPRODUCTIVE TECHNIQUES

Natural method Assisted Cloning

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 12

EQUINE BREEDING

> WASTAGE> TIME

COST

WASTAGETIME

COST

Other Assisted Reproductive

techniques

Natural method Assisted Cloning

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 13

WELFARE

WastageConsequences

?????

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 14

PERFORMANCE

COPY98% Identical

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FAIR PLAY

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HORSE – RIDER RELATIONSHIP

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ETHICS OF CLONES IN SPORT

Clones No Clones

Natural Progression

Other Reproductive techniques, e.g. Twin

Embryos

Improved gene pool

Welfare – unknown consequence

Horse – Rider Relationship

? ID – DNA, Passports

Welfare ‘Myths’ Perception/ Image of Sport

Genetic PreservationPromote (genetic) excellence Natural Progression? Performance Effect

(mitochondria)

? ID – DNA, Passports

Fair PlayEnvironmental Influences, Equitation

Another Selective Breeding technique, cost & time similar

98% Copy

Business Investment

Clones Exist

Risk to ‘traditional’ Breeding Industry

Elitism: Costs & time

??? Welfare, losses...

Genetic Restriction

Natural ProgressionIndividuality of Horse Risk of damaging gene pool

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 18

PROGENY IN SPORT

• Not Clones

• “Natural” / accepted breeding techniques

• Normal random recombination of genes

• No potential to effect fair play

OR

• Are there innate concerns regarding the welfare of cloning?

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CLONES & PROGENY

• Technology developed • Clones exist• Horses with Passports• Registered

? VIEWS- Clones- Progeny

30 April - 2 May 2012, Lausanne (SUI) / FEI Sports Forum 20

EQUINE CLONING PERSPECTIVES

• FEI Position• Worldwide• Technique• Genetics • Identification• Breeding and Sports Regulators• Reproduction • Welfare• Fair play• Performance• Horse –rider relationship• Discussion

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DISCUSSION

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THANK

YOU

CLONING