clean and green energy storage

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 1

Battery Type Open Cell Voltage(per cell)

In Volts

Battery Rechargeable?

Vanadium Redox 1.35 Yes

Lead Acid 2.10 Yes

Zinc / Air 1.65 Some types: Yes

Novel Battery 2.50 Yes

Zinc / Manganese 1.75 Some types: Yes

Nickel / Cadmium 1.50 Yes

Nickel Metal Hydride 1.50 Yes

Lithium Ion (organic electrolyte)

3.20 - 3.70 Yes

A quick comparison among various types of batteries

Novel Battery has highest open cell voltage for water based chemistry

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 2

Primary Battery NOVEL Secondary Battery

Single use Multiple use

Disposable Rechargeable

“Still” Battery “Still” Battery (Redox-) Flow Battery

Battery Classification

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 3

Battery Design

+ _

Still Battery

Redu

ctor

Oxi

dize

rReductorHalf Cell

OxidizerHalf Cell

Chemical Reaction during discharge Reductor → oxidation reaction product + e- Oxidizer + e- → reduction reaction product

MembraneSeparator

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 4

(Redox-) Flow Battery

External Tank withOxidizer

Electrolyte

ExternalTank withReductor

Electrolyte

+ _

Discharging the Battery (Reaction example)

Oxidizer Electrolyte: Cu⁺⁺ (in electrolyte) + 2 e⁻ → Cuᴼ (in electrolyte)Reductor Electrolyte: Feᴼ (in electrolyte) → Fe⁺⁺ (in electrolyte) + 2 e⁻

During charging, the arrow points to the opposite (i.e. left) side

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 5

The Novel Battery Open Cell Performance

Open Cell Voltage: 2.51 Volt

Current: 13 milliAmps cm⁻²

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 6

The Novel Test-Battery Assembly

1 cm²

Oxidizer ContainerWith

Membrane Separator

Anode

Cathode

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 7

All Chemicals and components are “In-House” developed and readily available

• Oxidator Paste• Oxidator Booster• Reductor Paste• Oxidator powder manufacturing• Reductor powder manufacturing• Hydrophobic conductive carbon paste mixing• Separator Membrane manufacturing

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 8

Novel Battery, Voltage measurement “Reductor Slurry” vs “Reductor Paste”

Reductor Paste finds application in Static Batteries, while Reductor Slurry is extremely suitable in Flow Batteries

When Reductor Slurry is in use, the Open Cell Voltage of the Novel Battery is somewhat lower, due to the additives involved in making the slurry

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 9

Novel Battery “Reductor Slurry” vs “Reductor Paste”

Reductor Paste

Reductor Slurry

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 10

Novel BatterySeparator Membrane Manufacturing

Membrane can be “Anti Static” or “Non Anti Static”

Membrane “Printed” on glass sheetsMembrane released from glass sheets

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 11

Novel BatterySeparator Membrane Manufacturing (II)

Membrane modifications:• Both Sides Hydrophylic• Both Sides Hydrophobic• One Side Hydrophylic and the other Side Hydrophobic

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Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 12

Novel BatterySeparator Membrane Manufacturing (IIl)

Poly Aniline, grown on a metal sheet. Poly Aniline is a Conductive Polymer

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 13

Novel BatteryOxidizer Powder Manufacturing

Electron Microscope photograph of the Oxidizer Powder show a “needle” structure

Picture below shows a “free flowing”Dark Brown to Black Oxidizer Powder

P

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 14

Novel BatteryReductor Powder Manufacturing

SEM picture of Reductor Powder show a “crystalline” structure

Reductor Powder as it is produced(Prior to Ball Milling and Sieving)

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 15

Novel BatteryHydrophobic Conductive Carbon

Coating Manufacturing

Conductive Carbon Paste coated on glass slide

Low cost conductive coating forBattery electrodes

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 16

Vanadium Redox Flow (VRFB) vs Novel Flow Battery

Vanadium Redox Flow Battery NOVEL Flow Battery

V2O5 High Cost Reductor Low Cost

V2O3 High Cost Oxidizer Low Cost

Proton Exchange Membrane

Expensive Novel Membrane Economically Justified

Voltage per cell 1.35 Volt Voltage per cell 2.50 Volt

Flow batteries are extremely suitable for energy storage from the power grid

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 17

NOVEL Battery Summary• NOVEL Battery has a waterbased

electrolyte• NOVEL Battery has a High Open Cell

Voltage• NOVEL Battery has lower manufacturing

costs than Li-Ion batteries• NOVEL Battery is suitable for both Still

Batteries and Flow Batteries• NOVEL Battery is a low cost solution for

(Power Grid-) energy storage

Ronald van ‘t Wout Hofland --- PlatingScience@Hotmail.Com

Introduction into a NOVEL type of battery

Slide 18

Thank you for

your attention