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CIvRbvtþisegçb
´)aTekItenAéf¶TI10 Ex10 qñaM1976 enAPUmiGgÁrMBak; XMu]tþmsuriya RsukRtaMkk; extþta
Ekv. «BukeQμaH )a:g m:ul ¬søab;¦ mþayeQ μaH CYn Eb:t muxrbrCaksikr. CakUnTI5enA kñúg®KYsarEdlmanbgb¥ÚnTaMgGs;6nak;Edl5nak;CaRsI. bnÞab;BIrbbb:ulBtRtUv)anpþÜlrMlMeday karQøanBanBIevotNammk enAqñaM1980 «Bukmþayrbs;´)anpøas;TIlMenABIPñMeBjeTAenARsukkMeNIt xagmþayvijenAPUmiGgÁrMBak; XMu]tþmsuriya RsukRtaMkk; extþtaEkv.
karsikSa³
- qñaM 1982 eronenAsalabzmsikSa]tþmsuriya extþtaEkv. - qñaM 1987 bnþkarsikSaenAGnuviTüal½yGgÁemRtIy_. - qñaM 1990 bnþkarsikSaenAviTüal½ysemþc« RsuksMerag extþtaEkv.
bnÞab;mk)anpøas;mkviTüal½y1]sPaqñaM1991. - qñaM 1996 bnþkarsikSaenAsklviTüal½yPUminÞPñMeBjEpñkbriBaØab½RtTsSnviC¢anig)an
TTYlsBaØabR½tbriBaØab½RtEpñkTsSnviC¢aenAqñaM2000. - ExFñÚ qñaM2000 bnþkarsikSafñak;GnubNiÐtEpñkkic©karsaFarNenAsklviTüal½yhIVúlIBIn
LÚs,aNUsnig)anTTYlsBaØab½Rtfñak;GnubNÐitenAExemsaqñaM2004. - qñaM 2006-2007 )anTTYlkarsikSabMBak;bMb:nmuxviC¢aneya)ayry³eBlmYyqñaMenARbeTs
s‘uyEGd. bTBiesaFn_kargar - qñaM 1991-1993 CaRKUbeRgonPasaGg;eKøseRkAem:agenApÞH enAviTüal½ysemþc« nig
viTüal½y1]sPa.
- qñaM 1994-1996 CaRKUbegonPasarGg;eKøseBjema:genAmCÄmNÐlPasabreTst,ÚgXμMú enARsukt,ÚgX μMú extþkMBg;cam.
- qñaM 1996-1998 CanayksalamCÄmNÐlPasarbreTscak;GERgeRkam. - qñaM 1999-2000 CaRKUPasarGg;eKøseRkAem:agenAsalaGgÁkardunbUsáÚ nigviTüsßan
PasabreTsénsklviTüal½yPUminÞPñMeBj2. - qñaM 1999 CasmaCikKN³kmμaFikarRbtiþbtiþnigCafñak;dwknaMtMNagclnanisSitedIm,IlTi§
RbCaFibetyüRbcaMsklviTüal½yPUminÞPñMeBj2ed)a:tWm:g;TsSnviC¢a. - qñaM 2000 CaGKÁelxaFikarrgénclnanisSitedIm,IlTi§RbCaFibetyü. - qñaM 2002-2003 CaRbFansmaKmnisSitExμrRbcaMRbeTshIVúlIBIn. - qñaM 2004-2006 CaRbFanclnanisSitedIm,IlTi§RbCaFibetyünigRkumRbwkSayuvCnkm<úCa. - ExkBaØa 2004-ExkBaØa 2005 CasaRsþacarüEpñkTsSnviTüaenAsklviTüal½yemKgÁkm<úCa - qñaM 2006-bc©úb,nñ CaGKÁelxaFikarKNbkS sm rgSIú RbcaMRbeTss‘uyEGd. - qñaM 2006 CaCMnYykar elak LI lInhUm EdlCaRbFansaxaKNbkSsgÁmRbCaFib
etyüs‘uyEGdnigCatMNagraRsþRbcaMTIRkugGIuvIk. - qñaM 2007 CaCMnYykarelakRsI GilvI sWudWRsÞWm EdlCaecAhVayRkugénTIRkugGIuvIknigCa
smaCiknaykénKNbkSsgÁmRbCaFibetyüs‘uyEGd. éf¶TI19 ExkBaØa qñaM2005)anrt;eKcxøÜnBImatuPUmiCaTIRsLaj;bnÞab;BImankarKMramsMlab;tamry³
sarTUrs½BÞBICnGnamikpÞÜn²bnÞab;BI´)aTeFIVkartva:nwgtMéleRbgsaMgnigbBaðaRBMEdn. ´)anmkrs;enA RbeTss‘uyEGdenAéf¶TI8 ExFñÚ qñaM2005 Edl)anGnuBaØat[´)aTrs;enAkñúgnamCaCnPasxøÜnEpñk neya)ay.
esckIþEføgGMNrKuN
esovePA {kulbuRtmhanKr} EdlCaKMnitneya)ayrbs;´enH min)anekItmaneLIgedayK μan
clkrCMruj)aneLIy. tamBitvaCakarRbsURtecjmkBIkarsþab; karsikSa nigBIkartamdansPaBkar neya)aykñúgmatuPUmirbs;eyIg taMgBIrUb´enAv½yekμgmkemøHtamRbPBepSg²Kña EdleFVI[rUb´xitxM cgRkgvaeLIg edIm,IbBa¢ak;karcab;epþIménkic©karbMeBjkatBVkic©rbs;´ kñúgnamCakulbuRténEdndI GtItmhanKrd¾bvrenH nigedIm,IerobcMCIvitrbs;´ kúñgkarbMeBjkatBVkic©rbs;´eTAéf¶GnaKtbnþeTot edIm,ICabuBVehtutbsñgsgKuNdl;matuPUmid¾manKuNrbs;eyIg.
CaTUeTA´sUmEføgGMNrKuNd¾RCaleRCAcMeBaHRkumRKYsarbs;´nigmitþP½RkTaMgGs;EdlEtgEt elIkTwkcitþdl;´[xitxMeronsURtedIm,ImanlT§PaBksagRbeTsRbCatinigGnaKtrbs;xøÜn.
eRkABIenHKW clnanisSitedIm,IlTi§RbCaFibetyüEdlCaclnanisiStesñhaCatimYyEdl)an RbsURteLIgedIm,IRbqaMglT§ple)aHeqñatedayGyutþiFm’kñúgqñaM1998 nigrbbpþac;karEdlkMBugkan;GM Nac EdlCakEnøgsMrab;´)aneronsURt nigBRgwgCMenOTsSn³neya)ayrbs;´muntMbUgbMputkñuúgqak CIvitneya)aysgÁm.
CaBiess´)aTsUmEføgGMNrKuNya:gRCaleRCAdl;saRsþacarüTaMgGs;Edl)anpþl;cMeNH viC¢adl;rUb´cab;taMgBIbzmsikSarhUtdl;sklviTüal½y nigcugeRkaybMput ´sUmsMEdgnUvesckIþ GMNrKuNCaGtibrima nigKμanGVImkeRbobpÞwm)aneLIy cMeBaHGñkesñhaCatiExμrTaMgGs;RKb;sm½ykal Edl)anlHbg;CIvitkarBarmatuPUmid¾CaTIRslaj;rbs;eyIg[)anKg;vgSrhUtmkdl;sBVéf¶enH nigCa BiesscMeBaHRBH)aTsUriyavrμ½nTI2 RBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7 nigRBH)aTc½nÞraCa EdlRBHGgÁ)aneFVI[´)aT )ankøayeTACakulbuRtExμrBit². RBHGgÁKWCaRBlwg CaviBaØaNnigCaemaTnPaBrbs;´RKb;degðImecj cUlnigeBlevla.
RbeTss‘uyEGd éf¶TI4 Exmkra qñaM2008 sUmGrKuN¡
matika
cMNgeCIgGtßbT TMB½r
1> esckIþepIþm>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>3 2> TsSnvis½yrbs;´CaExμrCMnan;f μI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>6 3> GtþsBaØaNEx μr>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>7 4> RbeyaCn_Cati>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>10 5> karbRgYbbRgYmCati>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>13 6> vb,Fm’nigRbéBNICati>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>15 7> GMNacRbCaCn>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>17 8> tYnaTInigGMNacrbs;emdwknaM>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>21 9> lT§iRbCaFibetyü>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>25 10> vis½yGb;rM>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>28 11> vasnarbs;emdwknaMpþac;kar>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>30 12> bUrNPaBTwkdI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>32 13> ha‘nts‘UedIm,IC½yCMnH>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>34 14> karcat;Ecg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>36 15> TMnak;TMngrbs;emdwknaMnigRbCaBlrdæ>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>38 16> sasna>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>39 17> GñkCatiniym>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>40 18> karrs;edayxøÜnÉg>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>42 19> plitpl>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>44
1
20> yuvCn>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>46 21> neya)aykarbreTs>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>48 22> ExμrRsLaj;Exμr>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>50 23> esdækic©Cati>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>53 24> R)asaTGgÁrvtþ R)asaT)ay½nþ nigR)asaTRBHvihar>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>56 25> RBHmhavIrkSRtRBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>61 26> TMrg;rdæaPi)alfμI>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>64
ekItmkCaEx μrmYyéf¶ CaExμrmYyCIvit¡
2
eyIgCaExμr
epþImesckIþ KMnitEdl´)ansesrenAkñúgkUnesovePAEdlmancMNgeCIgfa :kulbuRtmhanKr : enHCa esovePAf μImYYyEdlsMEdg[eXIjBITwkcitþrbs;´kñúgnamCakUnExμrCMnan;eRkayRbkbedayemaTnPaBBit²EdlmanvasnaekItmkelITwkdId¾RbNitnigGs©arüenHKWGaNacRkmatuPUmikm<úCa.
eBlenH´yl;eXIjfakúñugnameyIgCaExμrRtUvEteRCIserIsnigRbkan;yknUveKalkarN_]tþmKiCatimYysMrab;eBlGnaKtedIm,IksagRbeTsCatirbs;eyIg[manPaBrugerOgdUcBIGtItkal. CakarBitrUb´CakUnksikrRkIRkmñak;EdlekItenAPUmiGgÁrMBak; XMu]tþmsuriya RsuktaMkk; extþta EkvqñaM1976. bnÞab;BIrbbb:ulBtRtUv)anbBa©b;RKYsarrbs;´)anCYbCMuKñavijehIy)aneTAksagCIvPaB CafμIeLIgvijenAPUmikMeNIt. rUb´)ancab;epIþmkarsikSaenAsalabzmsikSa]tþmsuriyaEk,rPUmiikMeNIt rbs;´.´RsLaj;muxviC¢aEpñkGkSrsaRsþnigRbvtiþsaRsþ.´cab;epIþmmanemaTnPaBcMeBaHRbCaCatiExμr cMeBaHmrtkbuBVbursExμr cMeBaHxøÜn´kñúgnamCaExμr nigk¾manesckIþQWcab;ya:gxøaMgkøapgEdr cMeBaH RbvtiþsaRsþQWcab;Ebk)ak;rbs;eyIgEdlesIÞrEtRKb;karEbk)ak;TaMgGs;RtUv)anTTYlkareRCotERCkBI sMNak;RbeTsCitxagenAeBlEdl´)anGanRbvtiþsaRsþrbs;matuPUmiCaTIRsLaj;rbs;eyIg. ktþa enH)anjauMg[rUb´mancitþcg;eFVIkic©karGVImYysMrab;CYyEkERbRbeTsCatirbs;eyIg. ehIy´EtgEt sgÇwmfaeyIgGaceFVI)ankñúgnamCakulbuRtExμrEdlCaRbCatimYyRbkbeTAedaysmtßPaB KuNFm’nig karlHbg;.´KitehIyKiteTotfaeyIgBitCaGacksagRbeTsrbs;eyIg[mankitiþnaml,IrnÞWdUcBIsm½y GgÁrrugerOg)anRbsinebIeyIgmanemdwknaMRtwmRtUvmñak;RbkbedaymnsikarCati ]tþmKtiCati ÉkraCü PaB smtßPaB nigkarTTYlxusRtUv. ´enAEtmansgÇwmCanic©faemdwknaMRbePTenaHnwgekItmanenA
3
eBlNamYyedaysarEteyIgCaRbCaCatiesñhaCatinigCaevlaEdleyIg)aneronsURtBIRbvtiþsaRsþ rbs;eyIgRKb;RKan;ehIyEdr. vaBitCaRKb;RKan;ehIy.
eBlenH´k¾manmanbMNgya:gmutmaMniyayCamYyCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;cMeBaHkatBVkic©rbs;bg b¥ÚnedIm,IQaneTArkkarsamKIÁKñaCaFøúgmYyedIm,IEkERbmuxmat;RbeTsCatirbs;eyIgeGay)anl¥rugerOgsarCaf μIdUckalBIsm½yGgÁr. eRBaHfakic©karenHGacsMerceTA)anGaRs½yeTAnwgkarcUlrYmrbs;bg b¥ÚnCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;RKb;RsTab;vNѳya:gBit².
´sUmCMrabCUnbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;fakñúgebHdUgrbs;´nigmnsikarrbs;´cMeBaHRbCaBlrdæ ExμrKWmanEtesckIþeKarBRsLaj; karbUCa karlHbg;cMeBaHRbeTsCatinigbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;Kña ¬ExμrkNþal ExμreRkam ExμrelI ExμrRBHBuT§ Exμreys‘U ExμrmUsøIúm ExμreRkARsuk nigExμrd¾éTeTot¦ Etb:ueNÑaH. dUcKñaenHEdr´yl;eXIjfabgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;k¾manGarmμN_nigTwkcitþdUcrUb´pg EdrkñúgnameyIgCakulbuRtkulFitaExμrEdlmanQamC½rCaRbCaCatiEtmYy. CakaBitemaTnPaBrbs;´CaExμrEtgEtmanPaBrwgmaMCanic©ehIyemeronRbvtþisaRsþQWcab;)an eFIV[´ciBa©wmcitþts‘UeFIVkic©karsMrab;Catirbs;eyIgKμanéf¶NabMePøc)aneLIy. ´EtgEtKitnigecaTsYr xøÜnÉgfatamRbvtþisaRsþeyIgCaExμrFøab;CamhaGaNacRkmYyenAGasIuPaKGaeKñy_enH. etIehtuGIV)an CaeyIgFøak;xøÜnkñúgsßanPaBdUcsBVéf¶enH?eBlenHeyIgRtUv)aneKsÁal;faCaRbeTsRkIRk CaRbeTssMu Tan CaRbeTsCab;cMNat;fñak;BukrlYy CaRbeTsrNbRbeTsCitxag CaRbeTsmanRbvtþisaRsþ kab;sMlab;Catisasn_xøÜn CaRbeTsEdlrgkarQøanBan\tQb;QrEdlkarN_TaMgenHvapÞúyRsLH nwgtfPaBCak;Esþg edayRbeTseyIgRtUv)aneKsÁal;faCaEdndIsuvNÑPUmi nigCaRbCaCatiEdleBar eBajeTAedaysmtßPaB ]sSaBüayam CaRbCaCatiisøÚtbUtnigmanGarüFm’. etIlT§plenHbNþal mkBIxøÜneyIgb¤mkBIGñkNaepSg? etICakMhusGñkNa¬emdwknaMb¤RbCaBlrdæ¦? etIGñkNaCaGñkTTYl xusRtUvedIm,IEkERbmuxmat;matuPUmirbs;eyIgeLIgvij? GIVeTACaTsSnvis½yrbs;RbCaBlrdænigemdwk naMExμredIm,IGnaKtd¾rugerOgnigsuvtþiPaBrbs;matuPUmieyIg?
EmnehIyvaKμanRbeyaCn_eTsMrab;eyIgCaExμrTaMgGs;KñaenAes¶ómehIyecaTsYrnUvsMnYrTaMgenH eLIg. GIVEdlsMxan;KWfacab;BIeBlenHteTAeyIgRtUvEtrYbrYmKñaeqøIynUvsMnYrTaMgenHedaycat;Tukfava
4
CaTMnYlxusRtUvrbs;eyIgTaMgGs;KñaCaExμr. CakatBVkic©rbs;eyIgTaMgGs;KñaEdlRtUvEteqøIycMeBaHmux RbvtþisaRsþrbs;eyIg. etIeyIgGaceFVIGVIxøH)ansMrab;matuPUmirbs;eyIg? manEteyIgCaExμreTEdlGaceqøIy)an. KμanCnbreTsNamñak;GaceqIøyeGay)anRtwmRtUvcM eBaHbBaðaRbeTsrbs;eyIgdUceyIgCaExμrm©as;RbeTsenaHeT. CakarBitKWeyIgCaExμrCaGñkeqøIy)an ya:gBitR)akdEmnnigCaKnøwHKWeyIgRtUvsÁal;xøÜneyIg rYbrYmsamKIÁKña nigbMeBajtYnaTIsMrab;Catieday tMkl;RbeyaCn_CatiCaGTiPaB.
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TsSnvis½yrbs;´CaExμrCMnan;f μI
kñúgnamCakulbuRtExμrCMnan;fIμ́ yl;eXIjfacab;BIeBlenHeTAExμreyIgnwgmanGnaKtrugerOgéfø
føaksagmatuPUmirbs;eyIgedayeCaKC½yeRkameKalrN_samKIÁCati RbeyaCn_CatiniglHbg;RKb;Ebb ya:gedIm,ICati. ´sgÇwmfakMlaMgExμrCMnan;fIμnwg)anTTYlC½yCMnHkñúgeBlqab;²eRkamkarts‘URKb; meFüa)ayTaMgEpñkkMEnTMrg; nigTaMgEpñkclnaRbCaFibetyüedIm,IQaneTArkeKaledAcugeRkayrbs; eyIgKWkarksagRbeTstamEbblTi§RbCaFibetyürIkcMerInnigCatiniymd¾BitR)akdmYy.
´sgÇwmfaCnrYmCatinwgBüayampøas;bþÚremdwknaMcas;ecalnigCMnYsedayemdwknaMfIμRbkb edayKuNFm’ sIlFm’ sc©³Fm’ smtßPaB TMnYlxusRtUv CMenOTukcitþelIxøÜnÉg suc©ritPaB Catiniym qnÞ³neya)ayc,as;las; nigÉkraCüPaB. ´sgÇwmfaCnrYmCatinwgcUlrYmeFVIGIV²RKb; Ebbya:gtamsiTi§Rsbc,ab;rbs;xøÜnedIm,ITTYl)annUvemdwknaMrebobenHEdlCaesckIþsgÇwmrbs;eyIg EtmYyKt;edIm,IQaneTArkkarseRmcnUveKalbMNgrbs;eyIg. eBalKWemdwknaMl¥. CaTsSnvis½y ´ha‘nFanafa :RbsinebIEx μrmanemdwknaMl¥ Ex μreFVIGIVk¾ekItEdr :.
mkdl;RtwmenHsUmbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatiRkeLkemIlsm½yrugerOgrbs;GgÁrEdlExμrmanemdwknaMl¥kMrnwgrk)anCaBiessRBH)aTC½yvrμ½nTI7. enHCaRbvtþisaRsþrbs;ExμrEtmþgKt;EdlmanemdwknaMl¥ RKb;lkçN³. enHehIyCasmtßPaBBitrbs;ExμrEdl)anbgðajnigbnSl;eGayExμrCMnan;eRkaynig BiPBelak)ansÁal;nigTukCamrtk. CaeKalkarN_enAeBlenHeyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμIRtUvkaremdwknaMl¥ sMrab;GnaKtrbs;matuPUminigRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg.
RbsinebIEx μrmanemdwknaMl¥ Ex μreFVIGIVk¾ekItEdr¡ eyIgRtUvkaremdwknaMl¥¡
6
GtþsBaØaN
manerOgmYytMNalfakalBIeRBgnaymanem\®nÞImYy)anRkabBg)anBgmYyenAkñúgsMbukna kNþalvalesμA Etk¾ehIrecaleTAedayeKcBIRBanéRBedjRbmaj;. sMNagl¥manemman;éRBmYy enAKuem<atéRBEk,renaH)anykBg\®nÞIenaHmkdak;kñúgsMbukCamYyedaysμanfaCaBgrbs;xøÜn. minyUr b:unμanBgTaMgGs;k¾jas;. emman;cab;epIþmq¶l;faehtuGIV)anCakUnrbs;xøÜnmYyenHmanrUbragxuseKeday mindwgfaCakUnEdljas;mkBIBg\®nÞI. cMENkÉkUn\®nÞIvijk¾q¶l;nwgxøÜnÉgEdrfaehtuGVI)anCaxøÜnman rUbragmindUcbgb¥Únrbs;xøÜnd¾éTeTot?rYcvak¾eronrs;enAtamrerobCaman;edaymindwgfaxøÜnvaGacehIrnig manGMNacBIFmμCatieLIyedayKitfavaminGaceFVIGIV)anelIsBIbgb¥Únvad¾éTeTotEdlCastVman;enaHeT.
kUn\RnÞIcab;FMeBjrUbrag. éf¶mYykUn\®nÞI)anRbTHeXIjstV\®nÞIkMBugEtehIrcab;cMNIvak¾cab; Kitfa :GU¡GjmanrUbragdUcstV\®nÞIGBa©wgetIehtuGIVk¾GjEbCacab;kMeNItCamYystVman;eTAvij?: eBl enaHvacab;epþImsYrxøÜnÉgmþgehIymþgeTotfaetIFatuBitvaCanNa? Ca\®nÞIb¤k¾Caman;? enAeBlenaHvak¾ )ansYreTAmþayrbs;vaEdlCaemman;enaH.emman;k¾R)ab;dMeNIredImTg. eBlenaHkUn\®nÞIcab;epþImsnñi dæanxøÜnvafavaCastV\®nÞIminEmnCaman;eT.vaCastVEdlmanGMNac mansmtßPaBnigman\T§iBlelIs stVd¾éTeTot. vak¾cab;epþImeronehIr ehIyvak¾ecHehIrnigmanGMNacdUcstV\®nÞId¾éTeTotEmn.
cMeBaHmnusSvijkarminsÁal;GMBIGtþsBaØaNrbs;xøÜnKWCaeRKaHfñak;mYyd¾F¶n;F¶rsMrab;xøÜnÉgnig RbeTsCatiBit². eBlenHeyIgRtUvEtsÁal;xøÜneyIgfaeyIgKWCaEx μr. eyIgCaEx μr. CaExμrEtmYy Kt;. eyIgminGacCaGIVeRkABIenH)aneLIy. eRBaHeyIgekItmkmanrUbragEbbenH mansMburEbbenH mankMBs;EbbenH niyayPasaenH ekItelITwkdIenH man«Bukmþay manQamC½r nigCIdUnCItaekIt elITwkdIenH eKarBnigmanRbéBNI vb,Fm’Edlcab;kMeNItelITwkdIenH.
7
ekItmkCaEx μrmYyéf¶KWCaExμrmYyCIvit¡
eyIgCakUn\®nÞI eyIgCaExμrC½yvrμ½nTI7Bit²¡
8
CaBiesseyIgKWCaExμr CaBUCBgSmYyEdlmanGarüFm’x<g;x<s;Edl)ansßabna nigbnSl;Tuk eGayeday]tþmkSRtrbs;eyIg. niyayeGaycMeyIgCakUnecArbs;RBH)aTC½yvrμ½nTI7 eyIgminEmn CakUnecAénemdwknaMnasm½ybc©úb,nñEdlCastVman;enaHeT. FatuBitrbs;eyIg KWeyIgCakUn\RnÞI minEmnCakUnman;eLIy. eyIgGacehIr eyIgmansmtßPaBx<s; manGMNacBIFmμCatinigekItmksM rab;RKb;RKgelIstVd¾éTeTot. eBlenHeyIgPJak;xøÜneLIg sakl,gehIreLIg eRbIR)as;smtßPaB BIFmμCatirbs;eyIgeLIg eyIgQb;xøac eyIgRtUvEtQb;sMgMeFVICastVman;. eyIgRtUvEtRtlb;eTA rksarCatinigGtþsBaØaNedImrbs;eyIgvij. eronehIreLIg eRbIGMNacrbs;eyIgeLIg. enHehIy CaFatuBitrbs;eyIgCaExμr.
mü:ageTotRtUvcaMfaeyIgminGacEkERbGtþsBaØaNrbs;eyIg)aneLIy.eRBaHfaeyIgRtUv)anpþl;
[nUvGtþsBaØaN{Exμr}. eyIgeTAbreTseyIgkan;lixitqøgEdnExμr. eTaHCaeyIgkøayeTACa {ExμrGa emrikkaMg Exμr)araMg Exμrkat;cin} k¾eyIgenAEtCaExμr. eRBaHBakü :Exμr : enAEtCaBaküKuNbTd¾sM xan;sMrab;bMeBjnUvGtþsBaØaNrbs;eyIgCanic©. GIVEdlsMxan;enaHKWbreTseKenAEtehAeyIgfaExμr sBa¢atiGaemrikkaMg nigExμrsBa¢ati)araMgdEdl. BaküenHsMKal;GtþsBaØNrbs;eyIgya:gc,as;fa :rUbeyIgmanRbvtþisaRsþ manvb,Fm’rbs;eyIgBit² : EdleKRtUvEtTTYlsÁal; minGaclb;bM)at;nig bMePøc)aneLIyeTaHCa)araMg GaemrikkaMg b¤RBHmkBIzanNak¾eday. eRBaHlkçN³TaMgenHehIy EdlbBa¢ak;fa :eyIgCaeyIg nig eyIgCaExμr :. dUecñHeyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμIRbkasedayGMnYtfa {ekIt mkCaExμrmYyéf¶KWCaExμrmYyCIvit}nig :eyIgCakUn\RnÞI eyIgCaEx μrC½yvr μ½nTI7Bit² :. eyIgdac;xat RtUvEtmanemdwknaMl¥¡¡¡
ekItmkCaEx μrmYyéf¶KWCaEx μrmYyCIvit¡
eyIgCakUn\®nÞI eyIgCaEx μrkulbuRténRBH)aTC½yvrμ½nTI7Bit²¡
9
RbeyaCn_Cati
emdwknaMGacpøas;bþÚreCaKvasnarbs;RbeTsCatinigRbCaBlrdærbs;xøÜn)anluHRtaEtKat;Ca mnusSmanmtßPaBkñúgkarksag nigEfrkSaRbeTsCati)antamry³PaBesμaHRtg; qnÞ³neyay)ayl¥cM eBaHCati RsLaj;kic©karbMerICati nigkarlHbg;RbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn. Tisesøakrbs;´KW :RbeyaCn_CatiTI1 RbeyaCn_Rkumb¤®KYsarTI2 nigRbeyaCn_buKÁlTI3 : . CakarBit´)ansegáteXIjfakarEdlExμreyIgRbkan;ykTsSn³niym :RbeyaCn_buKÁlTI1 RbeyaCn_ ®KYsarb ¤RkumTI2 nigRbeyaCn_CatiTI3 : KWminEmnCaectnaBIFmμCatinigCakMhusrbs;RbCaBlrdæExμr eLIyEtvaCakarbgðajKMrUd¾GaRkk;nigkarbgçitbgçMrbs;emdwknaM;mYycMnYnrbs;eyIgEdlCMrujeGayRbCa CnExμrd¾esμaHRtg;nigs¥ats¥Mrbs;eyIgedIrtam nigTTYlykEdlCaktþad¾cMbgeFIVeGayCatiliclg;Ca eRcInstvtSrhUtmkdl;eBlbc©úb,nñenH. EteBlenH eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμInwgRbkan;eKalkarN_fa : GIV²sBVEbbya:gKWedIm,IRbeyaCn_Cati neya)ayKWRbeyaCn_Cati nigRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg. TMnak; TMngKWRbeyaCn_CatinigRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg. esdækic©KWRbeyaCn_CatinigRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg. snþiPaBKWsMrab;Catirbs;eyIg sMrab;RbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg nigmnusSCatiTUeTA :.
RbeyaCn_CatinigRbCaraRsþrbs;eyIg´KWCaCIvitrbs;eyIg´CaExμrCMnan;fIμ. RbeyaCn_CatiCa GTiPaBénCIvitrbs;´kñúgnamCakulbuRtExμrEdl)anekItenAelImatuPUmid¾emaTnPaBenH. enHCaemaTn PaBrbs;´ ehIyKμanGVIeRkABIenHeLIy.
RbeyaCn_CatiTI1 RbeyaCn_Rkumb¤®KYsarTI2 nigRbeyaCn_buKÁlTI3¡
10
sUmcgcaMfaenAeBlEdleyIgbMerICatirbs;eyIg)anl¥ Catirbs;eyIgnwgpþl;[eyIgnUvGtþ sBaØaNl¥. enAeBlEdlCatirbs;eyIgmaneQμaHl¥ eyIgk¾maneQμaHl¥. enAeBlEdlCatirbs; eyIgman rUbeyIgk¾manEdr. enAeBlEdlbreTseKarBCatirbs;eyIgeKk¾eKarBrUbeyIgEdr. eRBaH Catirbs;eyIgKWCarUbrbs;eyIg. eRBaHsmiTæiplrbs;CatieyIgKWCalTæplénkarbMerInigkarxitxMrbs; eyIg.dUecñHeyIgGacniyayfa :rUbeyIgCaCatirbs;eyIgehIyCatirbs;eyIgKWCarUbrbs;eyIg{. enH CaemaTnPaBrbs;eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fIμnigKμanGVIeRkABIenHeLIy. Cak;EsþgeBlEdl´)anTTYlGaharrUbkrN_eTAeronbreTs´eronCamYysisSCnCatiGaemrikkaMgnigCb:unEdlCasisSGaharrUbkrN_Edr. EtBYkeyIgRtUv)aneKvaytMélxusKñafasisSGaharrUb krN_mkBIGaemriknigCb:unsuT§EtCasisSqøat manbBaØax<g;x<s;. cMENkeyIgvijmkBIExμr BIyYnnigBI LavRtUv)aneKeGaytMélfamkBIeyIgRkeTIb)aneKpþl;GaharrUbkrN_[edIm,IbnþkarsikSaKWminEmnmk BIeyIgqøatb ¤manbBaaØx<g;x<s;enaHeT. elIsBIenHbTBiesaFn_Edl´)anlWpÞal;nwgRtecokBIBYkbreTs enAeBlEdlkUnGñkmanExμrmñak;eTAeronRsukeRkA cayvayR)ak;kasdUcmhaesdæI TijLanesrITMenIb ecjfIμehIyR)ab;eKfaxøÜnCaExμrk¾eKminekatsresIrEdrEtRtUv)aneKeBbRCayeTAvij. eRBaHbBaØtiþEx μr enAeBlenHRtUv)aneKsÁal;CarYmfa :RkIRk sMuTaneK BukrlYy nigrMelaPsiTi§mnusS : Edlxus BIGaemriknigCb:un EdlenAelIBiPBelakCaTUeTARtUv)aneKTTYlsÁal;faCaRbeTsGñkman GñkxøaMgTaMg neya)aynigesdækic©. eKalkarN_
- RtUvkaremdwknaMl¥. - Gnuvtþneya)ayRbeyaCn_CatimatuPUmiCaGTiPaB. - eKarBesckIþTamTarBIRbCaBlrdæEdlmanRbeyaCn_dl;CatimatuPUmiTaMgmUl. - elIkTwkcitþGñkEdlmankarpþÜcepþImKMnitnigqnÞ³x<s;sMrab;bMerICatimatuPUmix<s;.
11
bBaØtiþ sMrab;eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμI´)anKitya:gdac;Nat;faemdwknaMNamñak;b¤RbCaBlrdæNamñak;Edl minKitRbeyaCn_CatiCaFMGñkenaHnwgRtUv)ancat;TukfaminEmnCaExμreBjlkçN³nigminRtUv[tMél. cM eBaHemdwknaM eyIgnwgTMlak;ecjBIGMNactamry³kare)aHeqñatb ¤tamviFINak¾edayeGayEtRsbnwgRb eyaCn_Cati. kñúgkrNIyeyIgminGacTMlak;emdwknaMRbePTenaH)aneyIgnwgmanTNÐkmμsMrab;emdwknaM RbePTenaHedaydkGtþsBaØaNCaExμrbs;eKenAeBlEdleKGs;GMNacb¤søab;edayminGnuBaØatieGaybUCasBb ¤kb;enAkñúgTwkdId¾RbNitenH)aneLIy. eyIgnwgKaMRTRKb;Ebbya:gcMeBaHExμrTUeTAeTaHCaeFVIGIVk¾eday eTaHCaRtUvcMNayGs;b:un μank¾eday GIVk¾eday[EtRsbnwgc,ab;nigqnÞHrbs;CatieyIgPaKeRcInnigCaBiesseGayEtmanRbeyaCn_dl;CatinigRbCaCnExμrrbs;eyIgsMrab;esckIþsuxnigsniþPaB. CarYmsUmGHGagfa {´pÞal;nwgKaMRTCadac; xateTaHCaRtUvsøab;b:unñandgk¾edayeGayEtedIm,IbMerIRbeyaCn_CatinigRbCaCnrbs;eyIg}.
12
karbRgÜbbRgÜmCati
GñkNafaExμrmanEtkarEbk)ak;enaHKWCaBaküxusRsLH.eRBaHFmμCatirbs;ExμrKWCamnusSsuPaB rabsar mincUlcitþbgáCMelaH ykesckIþeKarBCaeKalkarN_ CamnusSmanGarüFm’ erOgGIVEdlExμr manTMenareTArkEtPaBEbk)ak;enaH?eRBaHfaPaBEbk)ak;minGacmann½yesμInwgCnCatiEdlmanlkçN³ suPaBrabsa mincUlcitþbgáCMelaH ykesckIþeKarBCaeKalkarN_nigmanGarüFm’)aneT. cMeBaHkarEbk)ak;KñaCaeRcInstvtSknøgmkenHminEmnCakarEsþgecjBIGtþcritbs;ExμreLIy. eRBaHbBaðaRtg;faExμrkMrnwgTTYl)anemdwknaMl¥kñúgry³eBlb:unμanstvtSd¾CUct;knøgmkenH. emdwknaM TaMgenaHEtgEtykRbCaCneFVICa]bkrN_neya)aysMrab;GMNacnigRbeyaCn_rbs;xøÜn.müa:gmijeTot karEbk)ak;rbs;eyIgCanic©CakalEtgEtmankareRCotERCkBIRbeTsCitxagCanic©. Baküfa{Exμr} nigkitiþnaml¥l,IrnÞWrbs;eyIgBIsm½yedIm )ankøayeTACacMNgmenaKmviC¢aCati mYyEdlcgeyIgP¢ab;Kñaya:grwgmaM manemaTnPaBrs;enACamYyKña nigrYbrYmKñakarBarTwkdId¾éføføa rbs;eyIgKg;vgS)aneTaHCaeyIgmansRtUvTaMgmuxTaMgeRkayk¾eday. FatuBittamsarCatiBitrbs;eyIgCaExμreyIg´ha‘nFanaGHGagfaRbsinebIExμrmanemdwknaMl¥ ExμrnwgsamKÁIKñaminGacreLHebHecjBIKña)aneLIy. ExμrnwgQrRbekokKñaya:grwgmaMminGacmanGIVmkbM Ebk)aneLIyeTaHCamansRtUvmkBIzanNak¾eday. enHmkBIExμrmanFmμCatinigRbéBNICaGñkeKarB em.dUecñH´ha‘nFanaGHGagmþgeTotfaRbsinebIExμrmanemdwknaMl¥Ex μrnwgQrRbeKokKñaya:grwgmaMeRbob dUcCapÞaMgCBa¢aMgsilaGgÁr. eBaleTaHbICamanBüúHsgÇra ePøóg pÁr rnÞH kMedAéf¶ RKab;kaMePøIgnig karb:unb:gbMpøicbMpøajrbs;breTsCitxagya:gNak¾edayk¾GgÁrnigekr×þeQμaHGgÁrenAEtQrya:grwgmaM nigx<s;RtEdtelIqakGnþrCatiminrlaysabsUnüeLIy.
13
eKalkarN_ - kalNamanBaküExμrKWmansamKIÁPaB . - manBaküExμrKWmankarbRgYbbRgYmKña. - ExμrTaMgGs;RKb;BN’sMburminfaExμrkNþal ExμrelI ExμreRkameLIy KWCaExμrEtmYyKt;.
CaTUeTAeGayEtmanBaküfa {Ex μr} sMKal;GtþsBaØaNeTaHCaExμrGVIk¾eday RtUvEtbRgYb bRgYm samKÁIKñaCaFøúgEtmYyCadac;xat.
- Rbkan;yksIlFm’eKarB karBar nigEfrkSaKñaeTAvijeTAmk. - ecHGt;»n[KñaeTAvijeTAmk nigeRbIBaküsMdIéføfñÚrrkKña.
bBaØatiþ - BaküsMdIEdlbgáb ¤bgðajectnaEdlnaMeGaymankarEbk)ak;samKIÁCatiRtUvhamXat;nig
dak;eTasb ¤Bin½yedaymanEcgenAkñúgc,ab;RkmsIlFm’Cati. - GñkEdlbgðajBIKMrUl¥kñúgkarbRgYbbRgYmCatinwgRtUv)anelIkTwkcitþnigRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;
faCaCnKMrUedayc,ab;b ¤edayshKmn_. - GñkEdlCMrujeGaymankarEbk)ak;samKIÁeTaHCazitkñúglMdab;Nak¾edayRtUvEtTTYl
eTastamc,ab;Cadac;xatb¤RtUv)anhamXat;mineGaybMerIkargarkñúgtYnaTIGVImYykñúgrdæa Pi)aleLIy. dUecñHeyIgTaMgGs;KñaCaExμrCMnan;fIμdac;xatminedIrtamKMrUemdwknaMGaRkk;BIGtItnigeBlbc©ú-
b,nñmYycMnYneLIy ehIyeyIgnwgcgcaMfaeyIgekItmkKWedIm,IbRgYbbRgYmExμrdUcKña karBar ExμrdUcKñanigEfrkSaExμrdUcKña. eTaHCamanePøógpÁr rnÞH BüúHsgÇrab ¤]bs½KÁb:unμank¾edayk¾ eyIgTaMgGs;Kñadac;xatenAEtrYbrYmsamKÁIKñanigRBYtédKñakarBarKñaeTAvijeTAmkedIm,Ik¾sagRb eTseq<aHeTArkRBHraCNacRkxøaMgeGayTal;Et)an.
Ex μrRtUvEtbRgYmbRgYmEx μrdUcKña Ex μrdac;xatRtUvEtkarBar Ex μrnigEfrkSaEx μrdUcKña¡
14
vb,Fm’nigRbéBNICati
vb,Fm’rlMCatirlay. ExμrCMnan;fμIKitfavb,Fm’KWCaCIvit vb,Fm’ExμrCaCIvitrbs;Exμr. vb,Fm’ ExμrminEmnCakmμsiT§rbs;ExμrNamñak;eLIy. vb,Fm’ExμrCakmμsiT§rbs;ExμrTUeTAExμrTaMgGs;KñaEdlCa BUCGñknKrPñMnigCaBUCRBH)aTC½yvrμ½nTI7. minEtb:ueNÑaHGVIEdlKYr[emaTnPaBenaHRtg;favb,Fm’rbs; ExμreyIgminRtwmEtCabitikP½NÐvb,Fm’rbs;CatinigRbCaCatiExμreyIgb:ueNÑaHeT Etk¾CabitikP½NÐvb,Fm’ rbs;BiPBelaknigmnusSCatiTUeTApgEdr. Cak;EsþgdUcCa R)asaTGgÁrvtþ R)asaTRBHvihar bwg Tenøsab r)aMGbSara EdltMNageGayxwømvb,Fm’Exμr RBlwgExμrnigCIvitExμrKW)ankøayeTACabitikP½NÐ vb,Fm’rbs;CatinigRbCaCatiExμreyIgpg nigCabitikP½NÐvb,Fm’rbs;BiPBelaknigmnusSCatiTUeTApg EdrEdlRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;edayc,ab;.
eXIjeTbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCati? manemaTnPaBeTeyIgCaExμr? sYremIlfaetImanCatisasn_ b:unμanEdlmanvb,Fm’rbs;xøÜnRtUv)anTTYlsÁal;kMritenH? dUecñHeyIgha‘nniyayfaRbCaBlrdæExμr eyIgminEdlmanmanKMnitbMpøicbMpøajvb,Fm’Catirbs;xøÜneLIyehIyk¾minGacnwggayTTYlykvb,Fm’ breTsEdr. BIeRBaHFatuBiteyIgCaEx μrBitCamanemaTnPaBcMeBaHsm,tþivb,Fm’rbs;CatieyIgNas;. EterOgbc©úb,nñEdlmanExμreyIgmYycMnYnkMBugEtBl;nwgvb,Fm’breTs ehIykarbMpøajsm,tiþvb,Fm’ edaykarlYcbøn;ykeTAlk;enAbreTsenaH KWeyIg´ha‘nGHGagfa enHmkBIemdwknaMsBVéf¶minEdl manqnÞHneya)ayc,as;las;kñúgkarkarBar nigBRgwgvb,Fm’Catirbs;xøÜnnigKμanviFankarN_vb,Fm’Cati niymNamYyrwgmaMsMrab;Tb;sáat;karhUrcUlnigkarQøanBanénvb,Fm’rbs;breTseLIy nigCaBiess karRbRBwtþGMeBIbMpøicbMpøaj sm,tiþvb,Fm’enaHKW PaKeRcInbNþalmkBIemdwknaMmYycMnYnTaMgenaHEtmþg b ¤k¾RbCaBlrdæEdlKat;manCIvPaBGt;Xøan ehIyminRtUv)anrdæaPi)alykcitþTukdak; EdleFVI[BYkKat; gaynwgFøak;cUlkñúgGnÞak;rbs;CnTuc©rit CaBiessbreTsmYycMnYnEdlmanbMNgbMpøajsm,tiþvb,Fm’ d¾RbéBrbs;eyIg.
15
emdwknaMbc©úb,nñenHkMBugEtdwknaMTaMgedklk;nigsb,ayePøItePøInnwgGMNacEdlbnþúbeday breTsQøanBannig)anmkBIkarsMlutKMramcMeBaHRbCaraRsþEx μrd¾kMst;nigsøÚtRtg;rbs;eyIg. ya:g ehacNas;k¾BYkeKKYremIlKMrUd¾l¥rbs;smþc«BIGtItEdrEdl)aneFVIeGayvis½yvb,Fm’Catirbs;eyIg )anrIkcMerInBit². eKalkarN_ - ERbkøayvb,Fm’CatieGaykøayeTACaynþkard¾manGMNacsMrab;karbRgYbbRgYmCati Gb;rMRbCaBl
rdænigsMrab;karBarbUrNPaBTwkdInigGtþsBaØaNCati. - BRgwgnigBRgIkskáanuBlPaBvb,Fm’rbs;Catidl;CIvitRbCaCnExμrk¾dUcCaBiPBelaktamry³karGb;
rMkarpSBVpSaynigkarshRbtibtþikarvb,Fm’GnþrCati. - CMrujnigelIkTwkcitþ[RbCaraRsþExμrmankarbegáItfμIsMrab;karBRgwgnigBRgIkvb,Fm’Cati. - Tb;sáat;karQøanBanénvb,Fm’GviC¢manrbs;breTs.
bBaØtiþ - ExμrNamñak;EdlbMpøicbMpøajvb,Fm’rbs;xøÜnb¤k¾eFVIGVImYyEdleFVI[b:HBal;dl;PaBbrisuT§énvb,
Fm’rbs;CatinigTTYleTastamc,ab;kMNt;NamYyedayKμankarelIkElgeLIy. - ExμrNamñak;mansñaéd manTwkcitþesμaHRtg;nigKMnitbegIátfμIkñúgkarkarBarnigelIksÞÜyvb,Fm’
CatinigRtUv)aneKarB pþl;rgVan;nigmansiTi§karBarCaBiessedayc,ab;nigrdæaPi)al. cgcaM ³ vb,Fm’Exμr CaRBlwgnigCatMélExμr. ExμrekItmkedIm,IEkécñvb,Fm’xøÜneGayRbéBsMrab; bMerICatinigmnusSCatiTUeTA}. eyIgRtUvkaremdwknaMl¥¡
Ex μrCaBUCsasn_manvb,Fm’nigRslaj;vb,Fm’ CatimatuPUmixøÜn¡
16
GMNacrbs;RbCaCn
kñúgnamCaExμrCMnan;fμIdac;xatRtUvEtkøayCam©as;RbeTs RtUvEtmanGMNacRsbtamc,ab;rdæFmμ nuBaØénmatuPUmirbs;eyIg. eyIg)anyl;ehIyfaGMNacrbs;eyIgCaeRcInsm½ymkehIyrhUtdl; bc©úb,nñenHRtUv)anemdwknaMBüayamlubbM)at;;nigminTTYlsÁal;.eBlenHeyIgRtUvEtTamTarykGMNac rbs;eyIgmkvijehIyemdwknaMRtUvEtTTYlsÁal;Cadac;xat.eyIgRtUvEtmanGMNacnigkøayeTACam©as; RbeTsBit². eyIgRtUvEtkþab;GMNacrbs;eyIgenAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;eyIgehIyvanwgsßitenACamYy eyIgRKb;eBlevla. tamBitKμanemdwknaMNamñak;b ¤RBHmkBIzanNaGaclYcbøn;b ¤lb;bM)at;GMNacenH BIeyIg)aneTRbsinebIeyIgecHeRbIva. eRBaHGMNacrbs;eyIgKWCaCIvitrbs;eyIgCatMélrbs;eyIgCa Blrdæmñak;². vaCacaM)ac;rs;enACamYyeyIgRKb;Kña. GMNacRbCaCnCakMlaMgRBHGTieTB. GMNacRbCaCnCaRbPB CamUldæan CaPñak;garkñúgkar pøas;bþÚrsgÁm. Cak;EsþgsUmRkeLkemIlRbvtiþsaRsþénRbeTsmYycMnYnEdlGMNacRbCaCnmankM laMgelIsGVI²TaMgGs;;dUcCaenARbeTshVIúlIBIn (People Power I) {GMNacRbCaCnelIkTI1} )anTM lak;emdwknaMpþac;kar hVwdWNg; ma:kUs EdleRbIc,ab;GaCJaswkkñúgkardwknaMecjBIGMNacnaqñaM 1986 nig (People Power II) {GMNacRbCaCnelIkTI2} )anTMlak;emdwknaMBukrlYy CUsib eGRsþada BI GMNacenAedImqñaM2001 edaymincaM)ac;eRbIkMlaMgRbdab;GavuFb¤GMeBIhwgSaeLIy. dUcKñaenHEdrenA \NÐamhat μ³Kn§I)andwknaMRbCaBlrdæ\NÐaeGayeRbIR)as;GMNacrbs;xøÜnTamTar)ansMercnUvÉkraCüBI cRkPBGg;eKøs.minxusBI\NÐÚeNsIu s‘UhartU emdwknaMBukrlYynigpþac;karRtUv)anRbCaCneRbIR)as;GM NacpþÜlrMlM)anya:gmanRbsiT§iPaB. krNIydUcKñaenHmanekIteLIgesÞIrRKb;RbeTskñúgBiPBelak. dUecñHbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatieXIjehIyfaK μanGIVxøaMgCagRbCaBlrdæenaHeT. BIeRBaHemdwknaMTaMgenaHminGac køayCaemdwknaM)aneTRbsinebIKμankarKaMRTBIRbCaraRsþ. dUecñHeKRtUvEteKarBRbCaraRsþ.
17
eBlenHCaevlarbs;eyIgehIy. eyIgRtUvEteRbIGMNacrbs;eyIg. eyIgRtUvEteRbIGMNac rbs;eyIg.eyIgQb;sMgMeToteTA. eyIgRtUvEteRbIGMNacrbs;eyIgedIm,IbMeBjkartBVkic©rbs;eyIg kñúgnamCaRbCaBlrdæedIm,IbMerI nigkarBarmatuPUmirbs;eyIg. eyIgeRbIR)as;GMNacrbs;eyIgtam ry³sMeLgrbs;eyIg tamry³siT§irbs;eyIgkñúgnamCaBlrdæmñak; tamry³skmμPaBrbs;eyIgedIm,I buBVehtuCati. sMelgrbs;eyIgcab;BIeBlenHteTA KWCasMelgmanGMNacBit² siT§irbs;eyIgCa siT§imanGMNacBit² skmμPaBrbs;eyIgCaskmμPaBmanGMNacBit². eRBaHsMelgrbs;eyIg siT§i rbs;eyIgnigskmμPaBrbs;eyIg KWCasMelg CasiT§i nigCaskmμPaBsamKIÁPaBEtmYy. CasMelg CasiT§inigCaskmμPaBEdlmanTisedAEtmYy manbMNgEtmYysMrab;RbeyaCn_rYmmYy sMrab;CatiEt mYYy. CasMelg CasiT§inigCaskmμPaBbRgYbbRgYmEtmYyEdlpusecjBIqnÞ³d¾emaHmut BIqnÞ³edImI, snþiPaB BIqnÞ³edIm,IyutþiFm’ BIqnÞ³EdlmankarPJak;rlwkx<s; BIqnÞ³EdlmanTMnYlxusRtUvx<s; BIqnÞ³ EdlmanesckIþRsLaj;x<s; BIqnÞ³EdlmankareKarBx<s; nigBIqnÞ³EdlmansμartIlHbg;x<s;cMeBaH Cati. tamry³karbRgYbbRgYmsMelg siT§i skmμPaB qnÞ³ sμartI PaBTMnYlxusRtUv esckIþeKarB karlHbg;rYmTaMgGs;enHehIy EdleyIgemIleXIjfaeyIgKWCaBlrdæd¾xøaMgsMrab;matuPUmirbs;eyIg. CaBlrdærbs;buBVbursd¾xøaMgrbs;eyIgBit². eBlenHehIyEdleyIgGacRKb;RKgnigedaHRsaybBaða RbeTsCatiTaMgGs;rbs;eyIg)anenAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;eyIgedIm,IbgçMeGayemdwknaMGsmtßPaBnigk,t; RbeyaCn_Catisþab;eyIg eKarBtamqnÞ³rbs;eyIgtamry³karbMeBjBaküsnüanigkarlaElgecjBItM ENgb¤beNþjeGaycuHecjBItMENg.
sMrab;eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμIRbsinebIeyIgman»kasdwknaMRbeTsCatieyIgnwgeKarBnUvGMNacnigsiTi§rbs;RbCaBlrdæBit²eRBaHeyIgCaGñkEdlKaMRTnUv]tþmKtienH. eKalkarN_ ´sUmCMrabCUnCnrYmCatiTaMgGs;fatamRbB½n§lTi§RbCaFibetyü³
- ebIeyIgGace)aHeqñateRCIserIsemdwknaM)aneyIgk¾GacmansiT§ie)aHeqñatTMlak;emdwknaM)an vijEdr.
18
- ebIeyIgGace)aHeqñateRCIserIsemdwknaM)an eyIgk¾GacmansiTi§beNþjemdwknaMenaHecj BIGMNac)anEdr.
- ebIeyIgGace)aHeqñateRCIserIsemdwknaM)an eyIgk¾GacbgçMeGayemdwknaMlaElgBIGMNac )anEdrenAeBlEdlkardwknaMrbs;eKxusBIBaküsnüa ehIynaMCatieTArkeRKaHmhnþray.
- ebIeyIgGace)aHeqñateRCIserIsemdwknaM)an eyIgk¾GacmansiT§iTamTar CMrujnigbgçMeGay emdwknaMeKarBnUvkarTamTarrbs;eyIgedIm,IplRbeyaCn_rbs;CatiEdr.
- RbsinebIeyIgCaemdwknaMeyIgnwgTTYlxusRtUvtamBaküsnüaxøÜn. - eyIgnwgcuHecjBIGMNacRbsinebIeyIgdwknaMminl¥nigha‘nRbQmmuxcMeBaHmuxc,ab;Rbsin
ebIeyIgnwg)anRbRBwtþkMhuskñúgeBlkan;GMNacedIm,ITukCaKMrUdl;GñkCMnan;eRkay. bBaØatiþ
- emdwknaMdac;xatRtUvEteKarBm©as;sMelgsnøwkeqñat. - emdwknaMEdlmineKarBm©as;eqñatRtUvcat;Tukfak,t;Catinigk,t;RbCaCnxøÜn. - dwknaMedayGsmtßPaBRtUvmanmnsikarlaElgecjBItMENg. - dwknaMmineKarBBaküsnüacat;Tukfak,t;qnÞ³RbCaBlrdænwgRtUvEtbeNþjecjBIGMNac. - dwknaMedayrMelaPelIc,ab;CatiKWk,t;matuPUminigRbCaBlrdæ. - eRbIGMeBIhigSatbtnwgmtiraRsþEdlRbqaMgnigriHKn;cMeBaHkardwknaMGsmtßPaBrbs;xøÜnKW
maneTasrmilKuNnigk,t;RbCaraRsþ. - emdwknaMEdlmanTMnYlxusRtUvx<s;nwgtMkl;CavIrbursnigrdæbursrbs;Cati. - RbCaraRsþExμrCMnan;f μINamansmtßPaBBRgwgGMNackñúgCYrRbCaBlrdæedIm,IkarBarRbeya-
Cn_CatiKWRtUv)aneKarBedayrdæaPi)alnigmanGtßiPaBkñúgkic©karsgÁmTUeTA. - RbCaBlrdæxøaMgdac;xatminKaMRTGMeBIhigSa. - RbCaBlrdæxøaMgcat;TukkareKarBc,ab;niwgRbeyaCn_CatimatuPUmiCaktBVkic©. - RbCaBlrdæxøaMgcat;TukkarGb;rMCaGTiPaB.
19
- RbCaBlrdæxøaMgRtUvEtelIkkMBs;s μartIrbs;xøÜncUlrYmkñúgkic©karGPivDÆn_CatiTaMgvis½y esdækic©Catinigneya)ayCati.
dUecñHeyIgExμrCMnan;fμIminRtUvsMgMeToteT. eyIgRtUvEteRbIGMNacrbs;eyIg. eyIgRtUvEtcUl rYmkñúgCIvPaBsgÁmnigneya)ayrbs;CatieyIgedIm,IeRbIR)as;GMNacrbs;eyIg nigedIm,IkøayCaBlrdæ xøaMg.eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμIeyIgminEmnCamnusSmanlkçNHdUcemdwknaMsBVéf¶mYycMnYnenaHeT.eyIgmin erontamnigminykKMrUrbs;BYkeKeLIy EteyIgnwgedIrtamKMrUvIrPaBkSRtrbs;eyIgKWRBH)aTC½yvrμ½nTI7 eyIgCakUnecArbs;RBHGgÁBit². eRkakQreLIg eRbIR)as;GMNacrbs;eyIgeLIgedIm,IkøayCaBlrdæ xøaMgrbs;CatieyIg.
{RbeTsxøaMg manRbCaBlrdæxøaMg RbCaBlrdæxøaMg CaRbCaBlrdæEdlmanGMNac}¡
20
tYnaTInigGMNacrbs;emdwknaM
emdwknaMxøaMgrbs;RbeTsCatimYyKWCaemdwknaMEdlmanqnÞ³bMerIRbCaBlrdæ. katBVkic©rbs;em dwknaMKW{bMerI}RbeTsCatinigRbCaBlBlrdæ. KμanemdwknaMNamñak;RtUv)ane)aHeqñat[edIm,IeFVICam©as; elIRbCaBlrdæeLIykñúgelakenH. CaTUeTAemdwknaMExμrCMnan;fIμdac;xatRtUvRbkan;CMhrfa {xøÜnCaemdwk naMbegáItedayExμr CaemdwknaMrbs;ExμrnigCaemdwknaMsMrab;Exμr}.CaemdwknaMEdleFIVGVI²eKarBRbCaraRsþ ExμrEdlCam©as;RbeTsnigCam©as;rbs;xøÜn. CaemdwknaMEdleFIVGIV²niglHbg;RKb;Ebbya:gedIm,IRbCa BlrdæExμrnigRbeTsExμr. CaemdwknaMEdleFIVGVI²sMrab;bMerIEtExμr.
´CaExμrCMnan;fIμ)anyl;eXIjfakñúgnamCaemdwknaMRtUvEtdwknaMedayKMrUKW{eKarBTaMgGs; bRgYb bRgYmTaMgGs; karBarTaMgGs; nigbMerITaMgGs;}. enHehIyCaemaTnaPaBrbs;emdwknaMExμrBit². eBalKWemdwknaMGacmanemaTnPaBeFVICaemdwknaMeTA)anluHRtaNaEtkardwknaMrbs;xøÜnGaceFVIeGayRbCa raRsþExμrTaMgGs;manTaMgsuvtßiPaBsgÁm TaMgsuvtßiPaBesdækic© RbeTsmanyutþiFm’ KμanGMeBIBukrlYy vb,Fm’CatirIksuHsay bUrNPaBTwkdIRtUv)ankarBarnigRtUv)anbreTseKarB. RbCaraRsþExμrTaMgGs; manTaMgsuvtßiPaBsgÁmTaMgsuvtßiPaBesdækic© luHRtaEtBYkKat;rs;enARbkbedaysuvtßiPaB KμanGMeBI lYcbøn; Kμankarcab;CMrit RbeTsK μankarCYjdUreRKOgjan KμankarCYjdUrmnusS nigkarkab;sMlab; mnusSdUcstVFatu RbCaCnExμrTaMgGs;man)ayhUbRKb;RKan; manCIvPaBFUrFa mansuvtißPaBsuxPaB
tYnaTInigkatBVkic©rbs;emdwknaMKW{bMerI}¡
21
karGb;rMmanKuNPaB RbeTsCatimanesdækic©rIkcMerIn manRbBn§½yutþiFm’ÉkraCüedayminGnuBaØatieGay buKÁlNamñak;GaczitenAelIc,ab;dUcsBVéf¶)aneLIy.
c,ab;nwgeFVICa]bkrN_d¾manRbsiTi§PaBBit²kñúgkarkarBarRbeyaCn_CatinigyutþiFm’CUnRbCaBl rdæExμrTaMgGs;. RbeTsK μanGMeBIBukrlYyluHRtaRbeTsrbs;eyIgCanitirdæeBlenHGMeBIBukrlYydac; xatnwgRtUv)anlb;bM)at; ehIyRTBüsm,tiþCatinwgkøayeTACaRTBüsm,tiþRbCaraRsþ nigsMrab;bMerIRb eyaCn_rbs;Kat;Bit²edayK μanbuKÁlNamñak;GacmansiTi§kan;kab;b ¤eFVIkarsMercEtÉkÉgeLIy.vb,Fm’ rIksuHsayluHRtaNaEtvakøayCakmμvtßúénkarelIksÞÜyGtþsBaØaNCatiBit² nigRtUv)anCatid¾éTTTYl sÁal;nUvPaBÉkénvb,Fm’rbs;eyIg.bUrNPaBTwkdInigGFibetyüPaBrbs;CatiRtUv)ankarBarnigbreTs eKarBluHRtaNaEtTwkdIrbs;eyIg sUm,IEtmYymIlIEm:Rt nigGFibetyüCatirbs;eyIgQb;mankarrM elaPBIRbeTsCitxagTaMgGs;. elIsBIenHeTAeTotluHRtaEtkarBRgwgCIvPaBnigKmnaKmn_tamtMbn;RBM EdnRtUv)anpþl;GTiPaBnigkgkMlaMgRbdab;GavuFCatiCakgkMlaMgRbdab;GavuFrbs;CatinigRbCaBlrdæExμr edayminEmnCarbs;bkSdUcsBVéf¶enHedIm,IkarBarTwkdInigRbCaBlrdæExμrTaMgGs;. eRkABIenHKWkarRb kan;ykeKalkarN_c,ab;nigsn§isBaØaGnþrCatikñúgkaredaHRsaybBaða. CarYmeyIgnwgeFIVsRgÁamCamYy RbeTsTaMgLayNaEdlQøanBaneyIgRbkbedayeCaKC½yedaymin)ac;eRbIkMlaMgT½BRbyuT§kñúgsm- PUmieLIy.
´kñúgnamCaExμrCMnan;fμIsUmCMTas;Cadac;xatcMeBaHkardwknaMdUcemdwknaMbc©úb,nñEdlmanTMenar bkSBYkniym RKYsarniymedaymineKarBRbCaBlrdærbs;xøÜnEteKarBbreTsnigeKarBEteKalkarN_ bkSb ¤BYkxøÜnnigRkumRKYsarxøÜnedIm,IkarBarRbeyaCn_xøÜnnigbkSBYkxøÜnedayR)ascakBIsIlFm’nigtYnaTI rbs;xøÜnkñúgnamCaemdwknaM. bRgYbbRgYmEtmnusSkñúgbkSBYkxøÜneFVITukçbukemñjGñkEdlmincUlbkSxøÜn edIm,IBRgwgbkSxøÜneBalKWminEmnedIm,ICatieLIy. karBarEtkUnecAxøÜn RkumRKYsarxøÜn nigbkSBYkxøÜn TaMgggwtggulminfaGaRkk;minfal¥edayminKitkarBarRbCaraRsþExμrTUeTAnigbUrNPaBTwkdI. bMerIEt kUnecAxøÜn EtRkumRKYsarxøÜnnigEtbkSBUkxøÜnbeNþayeGaylYcR)ak;Cati lYcdICati lYcbøn;sm,tiþFmμ CatiCati bMpøajvb,Fm’CatieFVIman eFVI)an manRTBüsm,tþimhasal manvILa luyLan sIucayedIr elgRsukCitq¶ay x¢Hx¢ayCagmhaesdIæ TukeGayraRsþExμrPaKeRcInRkRkIelIslb; rkmYyéf¶hUb
22
mYyéf¶ hUbminesIμnwgstVEqáBYkxøÜnciBa©wm. CarYmemdwknaMsBVéf¶CaemdwknaMEdlminRtUvbegáIteday RbCaraRsþExμredaysuqnÞ³enaHeT EtCaemdwknaMEdl)anGMNacmkBIGMeBIGyutiþFm’nigkarelIkbnþúbBI breTsEdlCaehtueFIV[BYkeKbMerIEtKNbkSnigRKYsarxøÜnnigbreTsEtb:ueNÑaH. CaTUeTAemdwknaMExμrCMnan;fμInwgdak;GMNacrbs;xøÜnenAkñúgkNþab;édrbs;RbCaBlrdæExμrBit². RbCaBlrdæExμrKWCam©as;sMelg Cam©as;nøwkeqñat Cam©as;GMNac nigCam©as;énRbeTsCatiBit.eRBaH eyIgCaemdwknaMRtUv)anbegIáteLIgedayRbCaBlrdæ.GMNacrbs;eyIgKWCaGMNacEdlbegáIteLIgeday RbCaBlrdæ. GMNacrbs;eyIgCaemdwknaMdac;xatKWCaGMNacsMrab;bMerIRbCaBlrdænigRbeTsCati. GM Nacrbs;eyIgCaemdwknaMdac;xatCaGMNacEdleFVItamesckIþRtUvkarrbs;RbCaBlrdæExμr.GMNacrbs; eyIgCaemdwknaMdac;xatRtUvEtsßitenAeRkamkarsMercrbs;RbCaBlrdæExμr. mann½yfaRbCaBlrdæExμr Gace)aHeqñatKaMRTbnþb¤GacmansiTi§beNþjecjBIGMNacb¤e)aHeqñatTMlak;)ansMrab;buBVehtuGaRkk;Na mYysMrab;CatibNþalmkBIemdwknaMb ¤k¾eyIgnwgcuHecjBIGMNacedaysμartICatiniymBit². CaTUeTAemdwknaMKWCaGñkmanGMNacx<s;CageKbMputenAkñúgRbeTskúñgkarbMeBjkatBVkic©rbMerICatiEtpÞúyeTAvijemdwknaMCamnusSEdlmanGMNacenAeRkamRbCaBlrdæTaMgGs;tamry³c,ab;rbs;Catikñúg rbblTi§RbCaFibetyü. dUecñHkitþiysrbs;eyIgCaemdwknaMKWkitþiysEdlmanvasnaRtUv)anEtgtaMg CaGñkbMerICati nigbMerIRbCaBlrdæd¾sMxan;CageKbMputEtmñak;Kt;enAkñúgRbeTsTaMgmUlEdlTTYlbnÞúk kac;cgáÚtnavaCati[)anrIkcMerInnigdl;eRtIysuxsanþ. eKalkarN_
- emdwknaMKWCaGñkbMerI. - GMNacrbs;emdwknaMKWCaGMNacsMrab;bMerI. - GMNacrbs;emdwknaMdac;xatRtUvEtsßitenAeRkamGMNacRbCaraRsþ. - emdwknaMdac;xatRtUvEteKarBRbCaBlrdæ. - emdwknaMRtUvEtdwknaMedayKMrU ¬karBarTaMgGs; eKarBTaMgGs; bRgYbbRgYmTaMgGs;
nigbMerITaMgGs;¦.
23
- emdwknaMRtUvEtCaemdwknaMrbs;RbCaraRsþExμrTaMgGs;minEmnCaemdwknaMsMrab;EtKNbkS enaHeT.
bBaØtþi - emdwknaMEdlykGMNacrbs;xøÜnEdlRbCaraRsþpþl;[eTAbMerIEtRbeyaCn_bkSxøÜn
RkumRKYsarxøÜn rNbbreTs minykcitþTukdak;cMeBaHRbeyaCn_Cati nig rMelaP bMBanelIRbCaBlrdærbs;xøÜnedayviFINamYyRtUvEtbeNþjecjBIGMNac eday cat;TukfamaneTasCasV½yRbvtþitambBaØtþic,ab;kñúgkMritNamYy nignireTsecjBI RbeTsCadac;xat.
cgcaM {emanPaBrbs;emdwknaMKWemaTnPaBedIm,IbMerICatinigRbCaBlrdæeGay)anl¥}. {emdwknaMxøaMgrbs;RbeTsCatimYyKWCaemdwknaMEdlmanqnÞ³bMerIRbCaBlrdæ}.
kitþiysrbs;emdwknaMKWCakitþiysEdlmanlT§PaBeFVICaGñkbMerI CatinigbMerIRbCaBlrdæeTAkan;PaBrIkcMerIn¡
24
lT§iRbCaFibetyü
sBVéf¶enHeyIgCaTaskrénBlkmμnigPaBRkIRkehIyKμanesckIþsuxxusBIkarEdl)ansnüacM
eBaHeyIgnUvCIvPaBéføfñÚr esrIPaBnigsuPmgÁlrbs;emdwknaMEdleyIg)ane)aHeqñatCUn. R)ab;´mk emIlfaetIeyIgRtUveKtMrUveGayrgkarQWcab;nigrs;enArebobenHCaerogrhUtb¤?etIeyIgRtUveKtMrUveGay rs;enAedayminEdlsÁal;esckIþsuxsb,aynigesrIPaBmYyCIvitb ¤ya:gNa? etIeyIgRtUveKtMrUveGay enAes¶óms¶at;caMsþab;eKnigcaMeFVItameKGs;mYyCIvitb ¤? ehtuGVIk¾vasnarbs;eyIgRtUv)ankMnt;edayem dwknaMGyutiþFm’enaHEbbenH? etIemdwknaMenaHekItmkBINa? minEmnekItecjBIeyIgeTb ¤? etIeyIg nigemdwknaMenaHCamnusSdUcKñaEdrb ¤eT?
lTi§RbCaFibetyüKWCakarRKb;RKgedayRbCaCn dwknaMedayRbCaCn nigsMrab;bMerIRbCaCn. lTi§RbCaFibetyüCamUldæanRKwHénkarGPivDÆn_Cati. vaCamUldæanRKwHénkarGPivDÆn_FnFanmnusSTaMg EpñkKMnit bBaØa sμartInigsrBagÁkay. vaCaclkrsMrab;BRgwgsnþiPaB yutiþFm’nigesdækic©Cati. Ca BiessvaCatMélnigCaxøwménCIvitrbs;mnusSTaMgLay. eyIgekItmkminEmnsMrab;cMNuHkñúgkNþab;édnNamñak;eLIy. eyIgekItmkKWedIm,IeFVICam©as; elIxøÜnrbs;eyIg. eyIgRtUvEteFVICam©as;elIxøÜnrbs;eyIg. dUecñHkñuúgnamCaExμrCMnan;fμIeyIg)anebþCJa Cadac;xatfanwgdwknaMRbCaBlrdæExμrTaMgGs;ts‘UTamTaredIm,InaMyklTi§RbCaFibetyümkCUnRbCaBl rdæExμrTaMgGs;eGayTal;Et)an.eyIgRtUvEtrYbrYmKñaTamTarsiTi§rbs;eyIg. KμanGñkNamñak;b ¤emdwknaM Namñak;GacdkhUtyksiTi§rbs;eyIg)aneLIy. eRBaHkñúgrbblT§iRbCaFibetyüeyIgTaMgGs;KñaekIt mkmansiT§iesμIKña KIsiT§irs;ranmanCIvit siT§imanesrIPaBnigsiT§iEsVgrkesckIþsux.eyIgTaMgGs;Kña minfaraRsþ esþc RbCaCnsmBaØb ¤emdwknaMeLIymansiTi§CamUldæanEdlminGacdkhUt)andUcKñadUcCa
25
esrIPaBkñúgkarsMEdgmtinigsarBt’man esrIPaBkñúgkarCYbCMu esrIPaBkñúgsasna siTi§neya)aynig siTi§esI μKñacMeBaHmuxc,ab;.l.
siT§irbs;eyIgminRtwmEtTTYlsÁal;edayrdæFmμnuBaØrbs;CatieyIgenaHeT b:uEnþEfmTaMgRtUv)an TTYlsÁal;CasklenAkñúgesckIþRbkassþIBIsiT§imnusSrbs;GgÁkarshRbCaCatiEfmeTot.
dUecñHCnNabdiesFsiT§iRsbc,ab;rbs;eyIg CnenaHeTaHmanzan³CaGVIk¾edayeyIgdac;xat RtUvEtRbqaMgnigtva:yksiT§irbs;eyIgluHTIbBa©b;. eRBaHGñkminTTYlsÁal;siTi§mnusSBitCaGñkrMelaP siTi§mnusS BitCaGñkmineKarBCIvitmnusS BitCaGñkmineGaytMélmnusS BitCamnusSGmnusS. dUecñHCnRbePTenaHRtUvEtkat;eTastamc,ab;edayKμankarGt;»nCadac;xat. edIm,ITamTarsiT§irbs;eyIg²nwgminRtUvxøacCnNamñak;b¤emdwknaMNamñak;eLIy. eyIgRtUvEtRbyuT§ TamTaredayGhigSab¤edayviFINak¾eday[EtsiT§iesrIPaBrbs;eyIgRtUv)anseRgÁaHnigeKarBmann½y faeyIgnwgs‘Usøab;edIm,IsiT§iesrIPaBrbs;eyIg. eyIgRtUvEtyksiT§irbs;eyIgeGay)an. eKalkarN_ - RtUvkarBlrdæl¥. TisedAsMerc)anBlrdæl¥KWkarBRgwgkarGb;rMlT§iRbCaFibetyütamRKb;meFüa
)ayedIm,IeGayRbCaBlrdæRKb;rUb¬TaMgemdwknaMTaMgRbCaBlrdæsamBaئ)anyl;BIsiT§inigEdnkM nt;énkareRbIR)as;siT§irbs;xøÜn.
- karGPivDÆn_esdækic©Cati. lTi§RbCaFibetyüGacnwgsMerc)anluHRtaEtCIvPaBrbs;RbCaBlrdæ manPaBRbesIr.
bBaØtþi - lTi§RbCaFibetyüRtUvEtCaGTiPaBkñúgkardwknaM. - karCECkKñakñúgnamCaRbCaCatiEtmYyKWCameFüa)ayGTiPaBkñúgkaredaHRsaybBaðaCatiTUeTA. - GñkrMelaPbMBanelIsiTi§rbs;Gñkd¾éTRtUvEtmaneTastamc,ab;KμankarelIkElgeTaseLIy.
26
- RbCaBlrdæNaha‘nlHbg;eTaHCaGIVk¾edayedIm,IbuBVehtulT§iRbCaFib,etyünwgRtUv)anelIkTwk citþ eKarBnigkarBaredayc,ab;Biessrbs;Cati.
- eyIgdac;xatRtUvEtrYbrYmsamKÁIkMlaMgKñaedIm,ITamTarnigkarBarsiTi§esrIPaBRsbc,ab;rbs;eyIg.
karCECkKñakñúgnamCaRbCaCatiEtmYyKWCameFüa)ay GTiPaBkñúgkaredaHRsaybBaðaCatiTUeTA¡
27
vis½yGb;rM
vis½yGb;rMxøaMgKWCaktþakMnt;karrIkcMerInrbs;RbeTsCati. kMesayPaBkñúgkardwknaMrbs;emdwk naMpþac;karbc©úb,nñrbs;eyIgminGacBRgwgvis½yGb;rM[køayeTACaynþkarsMrab;GPivDÆn_Cati)aneLIy. eRBaHsBVéf¶vaCaRbB½n§EdlGnuBaØati[kUnGñkmanb ¤kUnemdwknaMmYycMnYntUcTTYlykkarGb;rMl¥ eday bgábBaðararaMgsiTi§cUlsikSa tamry³vb,Fm’kþicRtYy karRbRBwtþGMeBIBukrlYysIurUgépÞkñúg bkSniym erIskEnøgxøaj; cMraj;ejIsQamBIraRsþRkIRk ehIybNþal[kUnRbCaBlrdæRkIRkPaKeRcIn)at;bg; siT§iRsbc,ab;rbs;xøÜnkñúgkarTTYlykkarGb;rM. edaymankarmineBjcitþcMeBaHPaBRBegIykenIþy karmineGaytMélnigkarrMelaPsiT§ikñúgkar TTYlykkarGb;rMdUcEdl)anEcgenAkñúgrdæFmμnuBaØrbs;eyIgkñúgCMBUkTI6 maRta65 66 67 nig68 sIþGMBIsiTi§esIμKñakñúgkarTTYlykkarGb;rMrbs;RbCaBlrdæTUeTArbs;emdwknaMbc©úb,nñ eyIgkñúgnamCaExμr CMnan;fμIebþCJafanwgts‘UTamTaryksiT§ienaHmkvijluHRtaEt)anedIm,IeGayvis½yGb;rMkøayeTACaktþakMnt;karrIkcMerInrbs;RbeTsCatiBit².
eKalkarN_ - bM)at;GMeBIBukrlYy. - CaGTiPaBRtUvEtFanaCIvPaBrbs;RKUbeRgonTaMgGs;[)anRbesIr. - CMrujnigelIkTwkcitþ nig]btþmÖRKb;sisS nisiSt[sikSatameTBekaslü smtßPaB
rbs;xøÜn. - begáItTMnak;TMngl¥CamYymhaRbeTseCOnelOnTaMgGs;edIm,IsMuCMnYyGaharrUbkN_sMrab;
sisS nisiSt nigbuKÁlikmRnIþraCkarTUeTAedayykKMrUtamRbeTsCb:un. - BRgwgsklkmμGb;rMcMeNHTUeTAsMrab;CamUldæannigGkçrkmμviC¢aCIv³.
28
- TTYlyknigBRgwgTMenIbkmμ nigkarEkTMrg;KuNPaBRbB½n§Gb;rMedIm,IeqøIytbeTAnwgtMrUvkar sgÁm esdækic©rbs;RbeTskñúgeBlbc©úb,nñnigGnaKtkal RsavRCavrkeKalkarN_Gb; rMTaMgLayNaEdlmanlkçN³TUlMTUlay eCOnelOnTaMgEpñkRTwRsIþ nigkarGnuvtþn_ edIm,IGb;rMRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIgeGayeq<aHeTArkPaBRbesIr dUcCakarbeRgonBYkeKeGay mansmtßPaBrwgmaMTaMgEpñkbec©kviTüa nigsμartI karlHbg;RbeyaCn_pÞal;xøÜn karsam KIÁPaBépÞkñúg manKMnitCatiniym edayeFVIeGayRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIgecjputBIkarBwgBak; EtelIKMnitbuKÁlmñak;b ¤kMlaMgBIxageRkA.
bBaØtiþ - GñkRbRBwtþGMeBIBukrlYynwgmaneTasesμ InwgeTask,t;Cati. - GñkmanTsSn³b ¤ectnararaMgdl;karGb;rMeTArkPaBrIkcMerInRtUvEtmaneTastamkMhitmYy
Cak;lak;edayc,ab;. - GñkmanTsSn³eCOnelOnkñúgvis½yGb;rMRtUvEteKarB nigTTYlyknigtMkl;CaRTBüsm,tiþ
rbs;matuPUmi.
vis½yGb;rMCaeKalneya)ayGTiPaBsMrab;kar ksagRbeTsCatieq<aHeTArkPaBrIkcMerInnigrwgmaM¡
29
vasnarbs;emdwknaMpþac;kar
emdwknaMpþac;karminGacmanGMNacdac;xatenAkñúgkarRKb;RKgrbs;xøÜn. eyIgkñúgnamCaRbCa
BlrdæExμrCMnan;f μIcg;bBa¢ak;nigebþCJafanwgminGnuBaØateGayemdwknaMpþac;karNamñak;kan;GMNacenAkñúgRb eTsd¾manvb,Fm’éføføaenH)aneLIy. cab;BIeBlenHteTARbeTsenH TwkdIenHnwgminsVaKmn_emdwknaM pþac;kareLIy.
eyIgTaMgGs;KñasUmGHGagya:gmutmaMfakñúgnameyIgCakUnExμrCMnan;fμIRKb;RsTab;vNѳnwgmin KaMRTb¤edIrtamemdwknaMNamñak;EdlCaCnpþac;kar mancrikeXareXArMelaPsiTi§mnusS eKarBCatid¾éT bMpøajCatiÉg nigbMePøcplRbeyaCn_CatixøÜneLIy. eyIgTaMgGs;KñaCaExμrCMnan;f μIRKb;RsTab;vNѳ TaMgraRsþ TaMgmRnþIraCkar TaMgbU:lIs TaMgTaha‘n eyaFa TaMgGñkCMnYj nigTaMgRBHsgSRKb;Gat μa nwgminlHbg;CIvitrbs;xøÜnkarBarbuKÁlNamñak;EdlCaemdwknaMpþac;kareLIy. mann½yfaemdwknaMpþac; karKμantMélGIVnwgTTYlkarlHbg;BIeyIgTaMgGs;KñaenaHeT. sUmbBa¢ak;faemdwknaMpþac;kardac;xatRtUv Et)anpþÜlrMlMBIGMNac RtUv)ankat;eTas nigbeNþjecjBITwkdIenH.
eKalkarN_ - RbCaCnExμrCMnan;fμITaMgGs;nwgminKaMRTemdwknaMpþac;kareLIy. - eyIgnwgBRgwgkarts‘Urbs;mhaCnRKb;RsTab;vNѳedaylHbg;RKb;Ebbya:gtameKal
karN_GhigSaniglT§iRbCaFibetyü. - BRgwgÉkPaBCati.
30
bBaØatiþ - GñkEdlKaMRTemdwknaMpþac;karnwgminRtUv)ancat;TukfaCaBlrdæEx μreBjsiT§ieLIy. - emdwknaMpþac;kardac;xatRtUvEtpþÜlrMlMecjBIGMNacnigkat;eTas. - emdwknaMpþac;karnwgminGacTTYl)ansiTi§RCkekankñúgRbeTseLIybnÞab;BITMlak;BIGMNac
nigk¾minGacmansiTi§kan;GtþsBaØaNExμrteTAeTot)anEdr.
Ex μrCMnan;fμ IminsVaKmn_emdwknaMpþac;karCadac;xat¡
31
bUrNPaBTwkdI
TwkdIExμrCarbs;Exμr. TwkdIExμrCaCIvitExμr. TwkdIExμrCaesckIþéføfñÚrbs;Exμr. TwkdIExμrCaGtþ sBaØaNrbs;Exμr. TwkdIExμrCavb,Fm’nigGarüFm’rbs;Exμr. TwkdIExμrRtUvEtfitefrKg;vgSsMrab;Exμr. TwkdIExμrRtUvEt)aneKeKarB. TwkdIExμrminEmnCakmμsiTi§rbs;buKÁlNamñak; b ¤k¾CakmμsiTi§rbs;emdwknaM Namñak;eLIy. TwkdIExμrCakmμsiTi§rbs;ExμrTaMgGs;. TwkdIExμrdac;xatminRtUvGnuBaØatieGaybreTs NamYyrMelaPQøanBan)aneLIy.
eyIgkñúgnamCaExμrCMnan;fIμdac;xatRtUvEtkarBarTwkdIrbs;eyIgTaMgRBMEdneKak RBMEdnTwk nig RBMEdnGakas.eyIgdac;xatnwgkarBarTwkdIrbs;eyIgmineGay)at;sUm,IEtmYymIlIEm:Rtcab;BIeBlenH teTA. eyIgnwgmincMNuHemdwknaMNamñak;b ¤breTsNamYyeLIyedIm,IkarBarTwkdIrbs;eyIg. elIs BIenHeTAeToteyIgmanCMenOya:gmutmaMfa TwkdIExμrEdl)an)at;bg;nwgRtUv)anmkExμrvij ehIyRbeTs Nak¾edayEdl)anQøanBanTwkdIExμrRbeTsTaMgenaHminyUrminqab;nwgRtUvEtrlayedayxøÜnÉgeedayekItmansRgÁamépÞkñúg nigbuBVehtuepSg²CabnþbnÞab;. TwkdIExμrCaTwkdIRtCak;RtCMu CaTwkdIGñkman sIlFm’ KuNFm’ nigGarüFm’ dUecñHRbeTsCitxagEdllYcbøn; nigQøanBanTwkdIExμrRtUvEtekþARk hayedayRbeTsTaMgenaHCaRbeTselaPln; Kμansc©³Fm’ suc©rit sIlFm’ nigKuNFm’.
eKalkarN_ - TwkdIExμrCarbs;ExμrTaMgGs;KñaeTaHenATINak¾eday. - TwkdIExμrCaTMnYlxusRtUvrbs;ExμrTaMgGs;Kña. - TwkdIExμrdac;xatRtUvEt)aneKeKarB.
32
TwkdIEx μrEdl)at;bg;edaykarQøanBanBIbreTsnwgRtUvts‘Uykmkvijtamry³tulakarGnþrCati¡
- TwkdIExμrdac;xatRtUvEtRbKl;[Exμrvij. bBaØtiþ
- GñkEdlminkarBarTwkdIRtUvcat;TukfaCaCnk,t;CatiehIydac;xatminGnuBaØat[rs;enAb¤eBlsøab;eTAmin[TuksaksBelITwkdIenHeLIy.
- emdwknaMEdlelIkTwkcitþ[breTsQøanBanKWCaCnk,t;Catinigdac;xatRtUvEtkat;eTasdUckrNIyxagelI.
- beTsEdlQ øanBanTwkdIExμrdac;xatRtUvEtRbKl;[Ex μrvijCadac;xat ebImindUecñHeTnwg RtUvkat;eTasedaytulakarGnþrCati b ¤edaymeFüa)ayRsbtamc,ab;CatiNamYy ebImin dUecñHeTRbeTsTaMgenaHnwgekItmaneRKaHmhnþray epSg²enAeBlGnaKtCadac;xateRBaH dIExμrCadIGñkmanbuNü.
33
vIr³nisSitEx μrEdlts‘UkarBarRBMEdncUleTAelIkTg;CatiEx μrelITwkdIEdleTIbEtQøanBanykedayRbeTsyYnnigkarkab;bMpøajedImetñatecalfIμ²edIm,IbM)at;Psþútag.
extþkMBg;cam qñaM 2005.
ha‘nts‘UedIm,IC½yCMnH
ExμrBitCaCatisasn_Edlmankarts‘U\tRBMEdn. ExμrCaCatisasn_Edl)anqøgkat; nigFn;
RKb;rs;CatiénCIvitTaMglM)ak TaMgRsNuk TaMgRkIRk TaMgrugerOg TaMgQWcab; nigTaMgGs©arü. ExμrBitCaFn;nwgkarQøanBanBIRKb;RcklðkBIRbeTsCitxag EdlCanic©CakalxitxMRbmUlpþMúKñaBüayam elbRt)ak;TwkdIExμr niglubbM)at;Catisasn_ExμreRcInrab;stvtSmkehIy. enATIbMputExμrenAEtCa Exμr TwkdIExμrenAEtCarbs;Exμr eTaHbICamankar)at;bg;mYycMnYnk¾eday KwvapÞúyRsLHBICnCatimYycM nYnelIelak. Cak;EsþgRbeTscm,a:Edl)at;bg;TwkdIrbs;xøÜnedaysarEtsñaédénRbeTsyYnEt mYyKt;. dUecñHeyIgyl;eXIjfaeBlenHKWCastvtSrbs;ExμreyIgvijehIy. karts‘Urbs;eyIg nwgQñHCanic©. enHedaysarEteyIgemIleXIjfa³
- eyIgCaCatisasn_mYyEdlmansmtßPaBBit². - eyIgCaCatisasn_mYyEdlmanmanGñkEfrkSaBit². - eyIgCaCatisasn_EdlmanmnsikarkarBarmatuPUminigTwkdIBit². - eyIgCaCatisasn_EdlmanesckIþkøahanBit². - eyIgCaCatisasn_EdlecHsamKIÁKñaBit²eTaHCaRtUv)anRbeTsCitxagBüayambMEbkbM)ak;
edIm,IelbRt)ak;TwkdIrbs;eyIgya:gNak¾eday. - eyIgCaCatisasn_EdlmanFmμCatiCaGñkts‘UBit².
eKalkarN_ - karts‘UCaeKalkarN_sMrab;RbeTsCati. - karts‘URtUv)ancat;TukfaCaFmμCatirbs;RbCaCatiExμr. - kareRtomxøÜnRbyuT§KWmanRKb;naTInigkarts‘UKWK μanRBMEdnedIm,IkarBarmatuPUmi. - ts‘UKWedIm,IEtkarkarBarCatinigRbeyaCn_CatiEtb:ueNÑaH.
34
bBaØtiþ - GñkKμankarts‘UKμansarCatiCaCatisasn_Ex μr - Gñkts‘UkarBarCatinwgRtUv)ankarBarCaBiessedayc,ab;Cati. - karts‘Udac;xatminsMrab;RbeyaCn_sYntY.
cgcaM³ {eyIgnwgbnþkarts‘URKb;Ebbya:gedIm,IplRbeyaCn_rYmrbs;CatimatuPUmieyIg{.
35
KμanGVImantMélCagkarts‘UedIm,IbuBVehtuCatimatuPUmieLIykñúg namCakulbuRtmhanKr¡
karcat;Ecg
kñúgnamCaExμrCMnan;fμI eyIgnwgdwknaMRbeTs[RsbeTAtameKalkarN_smtßPaB nigtYnaTI.
KμanRbCaBlrdæNamñak;RtUv)aneKbMePøceLIyeTaHCamansmtßPaBGVIk¾eday BIeRBaHGñkTaMgenaHsuT§EtCa ekasikarsgÁmEdljúaMg[sgÁmmankMlaMgxøaMg mankarGPivDÆn_nigsniþPaB. CaeKalkarN_GñkNa manCMnajGVI b ¤smtßPaBEpñkGVInwgCMruj elIkTwkcitþ nigpþl;lT§PaB[eFVIGVIenaH. eRkABIenHkardwknaM rbs;eyIgnwgeKarBeTAtameKalkarN_tYnaTI eBaledayeKarBeTAtamRTwsþIrdæyutiþFm’rbs;epøtU¬Plato¦ EdlEcgfardæyutiþFm’GacekItmaneLIgtamry³kardwknaMkñúgeKalkarN_mineRCotERCk. mann½yfaebI CasaRsþacarünwgbMeBjtYnaTICasaRsþacarü ebICaTaha‘nnwgbMeBjtYnaTICaTaha‘n ebICanaykrdæm®nIþ RtUveKarBtYnaTIkñúgEpñkRbtiþbtiþrbs;xøÜnCanaykrdæm®nþI. ebICasPaRtUvbMeBjnigeKarBtYnaTIrbs;xøÜn kñúgEpñknitibBaØtþi nigebICatulakarRtUveKarBtYnaTIrbs;xøÜnkñúgkarEsVgrkyutiþFm’CUnRbeTsCati. CarYm KμanbuKÁlNamñak;b ¤sßab½nNamYyRtUv)anGnuBaØat[eRCotERCkkic©karrbs;GñkdéTb ¤sßab½ndéTeLIy.
eKalkarN_ - eKarBnig[tMélsmtßPaBrbs;RbCaBlrdæEdlCam©as;RbeTs. - pþl;lT§PaBdl;Blrdæ[seRmckic©kartameTBekaslü nigsmtßPaB. - kareKarBtYnaTIKWCaeKalkarN_GTiPaB. - neya)aypþl;lT§PaBBRgwgsmtßPaBdl;RbCaBlrdæedIm,Iman»kasesIμKñacUlrYmksag
sgÁmrYmKña. - eKarBeKalkarN_KuNsm,tiþFibetyü.
36
KuNsm,tiþFibetyüCameFüa)ayEtmYyKt;sMrab;EsVgrktYnaTIbMerICati¡
bBaØatþi - karmineKarBsmtßPaBrbs;BlrdænigRtUvpþnÞaeTasdUckarRbRBwtþGMeBIBukrlYy. - karrMelaPtYnaTIKWRtUvbeNþjecjBItYnaTI nigTTYleTastamc,ab;kMnt;. - GñkEdlcUlrYmkarelIkTwkcitþcMeBaHGñkmaneTBekaslü nigkareKartYnaTIkargarnigRtUv
)ancat;TukfaCaCnKMrUrbs;Cati.
smtßPaBKWCaktþacaM)ac;sMrab;tYnaTIGñkdwknaM¡
37
TMnak;TMngrbs;emdwknaMnigRbCaBlrdæ
cab;taMgBIeBlenHteTAemdwknaMnigRbCaBlrdædac;xatminRtUvrs;enAdac;q¶ayBIKña. mann½yfaem
dwknaMnigRbCaBlrdæRtUvEtCamnusSEtmYy sÁal;suxTukçKñaeTAvijeTAmk sþab;KñaeTAvijeTAmk CYy KñaeTAvijeTAmk karBarKñaeTAvijeTAmk nigecHCYyEckrMElkTukçKñaeTAvijeTAmk. CarYmemdwknaMnig RbCaBlrdæRtUvEtmanTMnak;l¥eRbobdUckñúgRKYsarrvagbIþnigRbBn§ «BukmþaynigbuRtabuRtI nigbgnig b¥ÚnbegáIt. emdwknaMRtUvEtykKMrURBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7EdlRTg;)anmanRBHbnÞÚlfa :esckIþQWcab;rbs; RbCaBlrdæKWCaesckIþQWcab;rbs;RBHGgÁ :.
cMeBaHemdwknaMNamñak;EdlBüayampþac;xøÜnecjBIkarcuHCYbCMuRbCaBlrdæ minsþab;RbCaBlrdæ minCYyrMElkTukçrbs;RbCaBlrdæedayelIktMekIgxøÜn[x<s;hYsBIRbCaBlrdænwgRtUv)anQb;KaMRT nig RtUvpþnÞaeTasCadac;xat eTaHCatamrUbPaBNak¾eday[EtRsbtamkatBVkic©kñúgc,ab; nigGaclubbM)at; TukçlM)akrbs;RbeTsCati)an. eKalkarN_
- KμaneTkarEbgEckzannþrskiþkñúgTMnak;TMng KWmanEtkñúgkatBVkic©Etb:ueNÑaH. - emdwknaMnigRbCaBlrdænwgrkSaKñaeRbobbIdUcbIþnigRbBn§ «BukmþaynigbuRtabuRtI bgnig
b¥ÚnbegáIt. bBaØatþi
- emdwknaMEdlpþac;xøÜnecjBIRbCaBlrdænigRtUv)anQb;KaMRT. - emdwknaMEdlminecHsþab; nigrkSaRbCaBlrdænwgRtUvkat;eTas[ecjBIGMNac. - GñkEdl)anGMNacmkehIy²BüayamtMkl;xøÜn[x<s;BIraRsþcaM)ac;RtUvEtTMlak;mkvij.
TMnak;TMngrvagemdwknaMnigRbCaBlrdæKWCaTMnak;TMngén mhaRKYsarEdlRbkbedaysuPmgÁlmYy¡
38
sasna
sasnaRtUvEtCasasnarbs;rdæ Casasnarbs;CatinigRbCaBlrdæTaMgmUl. sasnacM)ac;
RtUvEtCaynþkarnigsßab½nénkarGb;rMsIlFm’ KuNFm’ sc©Fm’ karGt;»n emtþakruNa samKIÁPaB nigmnsikarCatisMrab;RbCaBlrdæTaMgGs;. sasnadac;xatminGnuBaØati[køayCasßab½nb¤]bkrN_ bMerIneya)aydUcsBVéf¶eLIy. edaysasnaCadYgRBlwg nigCaeKalCMenOEdlminGacxVH)ansMrab; RbCaBlrdæExμr nigelIsBIenHeTAeTotedaysarsasnaRtUv)an]btßmCaTUeTAedayRbCaBlrdæ dUecñH sasnacaM)ac;RtUvEtbMerIRbCaBlrdævijtamry³karGb;rMEpñksIlFm’ KuNFm’ sc©Fm’ karGt;»n emtþakruNa nigkarbRgYbbRgYmCati. cMeBaHrdæaPi)alvijRtUvpþl;CMnYyEpñkGPi)alkic©l¥edIm,IBRgwg sßab½nenH EtminRtUvRtYtRtaCadac;xat. eKalkarN_
- sasnaCasasnarbs;rdænigRbCaBlrdæTaMgmUl. - sasnadac;xatCaynþkarGb;rMpøÚvcitþeTArkesckIþl¥EtminGacCaynþkarneya)ayeLIy. - RbCaBlrdæ rdæaPi)al nigRBHsgSKWCaGñkelIksÞÜysasna.
bBaØatþi - KμanCnNamñak;RtUv)anGnuBaØati[yksasnaeFVICa]bkrN_sMrab;RbeyaCn_b ¤GMNacpÞal;
xøÜneLIy. - GñkEdlrMelaPbMBanedayhigSaelIeKalkarN_sasnanwgRtUvcat;TukfaCaTmiL. - GñkEdlGacbYsCaRBHsgS)anluHRtaEtmanKuNsm,tiþx<s;smRsmtaml½kçx½NÐkMnt;
edayc,ab;.
sasnaKWCamUldæanRKwHénkarbNþúHsIlFm’sgÁm¡
39
GñkCatiniym
RbCaBlrdæExμrNaEdlmanqnÞ³bMerICatiedayesμaH manmnsikarkarBarRbeyaCn_Cati karBar
RbCaBlrdæExμr nigCYyRbCaBlrdæExμrTaMgskmμPaBTaMgBaküsMd Í niglHbg;GVI²RKb;Ebbya:gsMrab; buBVehtuCati nigrYmTaMgGñkEdlmansμartIelIktMekIgnigCMruj[manmnsikaresñhaCati mnsikarlH bg;edÍm,ICatikñúgcMeNammhaCn[cUlrYmclnabRgYbbRgYmCati nigsamKIÁCati skm μPaBelIktMekIg kitþiysCati mnsikaresñharCatiniym nigkarBarCati nigmanKMnitelIktMekIg RbéBNIvb,Fm’Cati nwgRtUv)anehAfaCa{GñkCatiniym}. GñkTaMgenaHnwgRtUv)anelIksÜÞy karBar pþl;rgVan; nigelIkTwk citþ[eFVIkic©karbMerICatitamqnÞ³ ]tþmKi nigmnsikarCatid¾x<g;x<s;rbs;xøÜnedIm,IbuBVehtusMrab;PaBrugerOg kitþiys samKIÁPaB nigÉkraCüPaBrbs;Cati.
eKalkarN_ - GñkesñhaCatib ¤GñkCatiniymRtUvEttMkl;CamnusSGTiPaBnigCasm,tþid¾mantMélrbs;
Cati eRBaHGñkTaMgenaHekItmkedaykMr. - eyIgeKarBnigRsLaj;GñkCatiniym. - GñkCatiniymKWCassrRTUgBit²rbs;RbeTsCati. - manEtGñkCatiniymeTEdleyIgelIktMekIg[eFVICaemdwknaM.
bBaØatþi
- GñkNab ¤emdwknaMNararaMgqnÞ³nigsμartIrbs;GñkCatiniymnigcat;TukfaCamnusSk,t;Cati.
40
- GñkCatiymdac;xatRtUvEt)ankarBar nigpÁt;pÁg;edayrdæya:gBiess eRBaHGñkTaMgenaHCa mnusSEdlQanmuxeKkúñgkarlHbg;sMrab;Cati.
GñkCatiniymKWCadegðImrbs;Cati¡ eyIgRtUvEteKarBGñkCatiniym¡
41
karrs;edayxøÜn
ebIeyIgminecHts‘Urs;edayxøÜnÉgeTeyIgnwgK μansgÇwmfanwg)ankøayeTACaRBHraCaNacRk
xøaMg)aneLIy. eyIgdac;xatminykKMrUtamemdwknaMbc©úb,nñeLIy. eyIgcaM)ac;RtUvEteFVICamnusSBit CaCatisasn_mYyEdlmansmtßPaBBit CaCatisasn_mYyEdlmanesdækic©rbs;xøÜnBit CaCatisasn_ mYysÁal;BI{kareCOCak;elIsmtßPaBxøÜnÉgBit²}. CaCatisasn_mYyEdlecHrs;edayxøÜnÉgmincaM)ac; rg;caMGñkd¾éTdak;Tan[erogral;qñaMCadac;xat. eyIgdac;xatminGnuBaØati[RbCaBlrdærbs;eyIgNa mñak;eTAsuMTanenARbeTsNamYyminfaCitb¤q¶ayeLIy. eyIgnwgeRbIR)as;[Gs;nUvPaBes μaHRtg; smtßPaB lT§PaB nigFnFanrbs;eyIgedIm,IksagRbeTsCatirbs;eyIg[mankarrIkcMerIn nigFa na[)annUvkarrs;enArbs;RbCaBlrdærbs;eyIg[manesckIþéføfñÚr nigmanyutiþFm’kñúgsgÁm smCa RbCaCatimYyFøab;rugerOg.
PaBes μaHRtg;nwgxøÜneyIg nigviC¢aCIv³rbs;eyIgnwgeFVI[GMeBIBukrlYy nigPaBGyutiþFm’rt;ecj BIesckIþR)afñarbs;eyIg. smtßPaBrbs;eyIgnwgeFVI[kargarrbs;eyIgmanRbsiT§iPaBelIRKb;vis½y EdlCMruj[kardwknaMrbs;;eyIgmannirnþPaB nigesßrPaB. cMENkÉFnFanrbs;eyIgEdl)anmkBI RKb;Rcklðk dUcCavis½yeTscrN_ Bn§dar karvinieyaKTun plitplksikmμ éRBeQI Er: mcäa Cati.l.nig.l.BitCaGaceFVI[eyIgrs;)anedayxøÜnÉgkñúgeBlmYyd¾xøIxagmuxRbkbedayPaBéføfñÚr. bnÞab;BIenHeyIgnigpþl;GTiPaBelIkarGPivDÆn_vis½yGb;rMTaMgKuNPaBnigbrimaN vis½yKmnaKmn_nig GKiÁsnInigeRkABIenHKWsniþsuxsaFarN³. eRkaymkGVI²nwgmanlkçN³l¥RbesIrdUcKñaTaMgGs; TaMg CIvPaB TaMgsuxmalPaB TaMgsnþisux TaMgyutiþFm’ TaMgsIlFm’nigsamKÁIFm’. eKalkarN_
- dac;xatminKaMRTTsSn³rs;enAedayBwgBak;Gñkd¾éTTaMgneya)aynigesdækic©.
42
- ts‘UBRgwgeKalkarN_esdækic©rs;edayxøÜnÉgRsmtamsm½ysklrUbnIykmμKWCaeKal karN_rbs;eyIgCaExμrcab;BIeBlenHteTA.
- esμaHRtg;nwgxøÜÜnÉgnigviC¢aCIv³KWCaeKalkarN_dac;xatsMrab;ExμrCMnan;fμI. - esμaHRtg;Canic©cMeBaHkatBVkic©bMerIesdækic©Cati. - karGPivDÆn_esdækic©CatiRtUvEtmantmøaPaBnigkarcUlrYmBIRbCaBlrdæCadac;xattamEbb
lTi§RbCaFibetyüniym. bBaØtþi
- RTBüsm,tiþrbs;CatiRtUvEtbMerI[RbCaCatiTaMgmUl. - cMNUlTaMgGs;rbs;CatiRtUvEtykeTAbMerICatiTaMgGs;. - GñkekgRbv½Ba©RbeyaCn_CatiKWCaCnk,t;Cati. - GñkminesñaHRtg;nwgxøÜnÉgnigviC¢aCIv³rbs;xøÜnnwgminsmCaBlrdæExμrCadac;xat. eKnwg
RtUvkat;eTastamc,ab;kMnt;.
karrs;edayxøÜnÉgKWCaTisedArbs;eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμI¡
43
cMgl;³ ehtuGVI)anCaRbCaBlrdærbs;eyIgPaK eRcInelIslb;cg;eTArs;enAeRkARbeTs?enHmkBIRbeTseyIgRkIRk CivitK μantMél emdwknaMmin ykcitþTukdak;cMeBaHRbCaraRsþrbs;xøÜn RbCa Blrdæ)at;CMenOelIkarrs;edayxøÜnÉg eday sgÁmKμanyutiþFm’ KμansamKIÁPaB KμanesßrPaB neya)ay. eBalKWRbCaraRsþrs;enAedayPaB Gs;sgÇwmCanic©. cgcaM³ enAeBlEdlRbeTsrbs;eyIgmanem dwknaMl¥ ksagRbeTs)anrIkcMerIn sgÁmman yutþiFm’ enaHnwgKμanRbCaBlrdæExμrNamñak;cg; rt;ecalRsukeTArs;enARsukeKeLIy.
plitpl
sBVéf¶eyIgeXIjfaTMnijsBVsareBIrsUm,IEtbEnøbgáakMbiukkMbu:kk¾RtUv)annaMcUlBIbreTsEdr. enHminEmnmkBIExμreyIgx¢ilb¤KμansmtßPaBplitenaHeT.EtenHedaysarEtPaBFUrlg;énkarRKb;RKg karKμaneKalkarN_esdækic©mUldæanc,as;las; nigGMeBIBukrlYyEdleFVI[TMnijrbeTsvaylukya:g KMhukCaehtunaM[TMnijkñúgRsuk)at;bg;TIpSaredayminGacRbkYtRbECg)annignaM[RbBlrdærbs;eyIg KμansμartInwgplit. enATIbMputRbCaBlrdæRtUve)aHbg;karplit )at;bg;kargar nigrs;kñúgPaBRkIRk.
kñúgnameyIg´CaExμrCMnan;fμIdac;xatRtUvmanTsSnvis½yCMruj nigelIkTwkcitþplitkr nig ksikrExμr[xitxMbnþkarpliteRBaHvaCaKnwøHénkarGPivDÆn_esdækic©Cati. ehIyeyIgCaExμrmanTwkcitþ rIkrayKaMRTplitplExμrRKb;RbePT. mann½yfaGIVk¾eday[EtCarbs;ExμreyIg plitedayExμr eyIg²RtUvEtmanemaTnPaBkñúgkareRbIR)as;Cadac;xat. CarYm :karTijplitplExμrCaeKalkarN_ GTiPaB :.
eKalkarN_ - eyIgnwgtMelIgBn§darplitplksikmμ nigplitplepSg²eTotBIRbeTsCab;RBMEdn. - elIkTwkcitþksikr plitkr nigCMrujkarplitplitplTaMgksikmμ sib,kmμ nig
]sSahkmμedaypþl;CUnnUvlT§PaBRKb;meFüa)ay. - BRgwgehdæarcnasm½n§pøÚvfñl;[)anRbesIr. - bBa©úHtMéleRbgsaMg. - EsVgrk sMrYl karBarTIpSar nigtMélTIpSarCUnRbCaBlrdæ. - BRgwgKuNPaBplitpl nignaMykmknUvbec©keTsfIμCUnRbCaBlrdæ.
44
bBaØtiþ - eyIgRtUvmanc,ab;karBaremaTnPaBCaExμrkñúgkareRbIR)as;plitplExμr. - eKalkarN_ExμrRtUvEteRbIplitplExμrnwgRtUvEt)ankarBaredayrdæaPi)al. - ExμrRtUvEtelIkTwkcitþksikrnigplitkrExμr. - tMélTMnijTIpSarbs;RbCaBlrdænigRtUv)ankarBaredayc,ab;. - GñkEdlRbRBwtþGMeBIBukrlYynaMcUlTMnijEdlGacdeNþImTIpSarTMnijkñúgRsukR)ascakBI
c,ab;CatinwgRtUv)anpþnÞaeTastamc,ab;.
plitplrbs;Ex μrKWCaGTiPaB nigbnÞab;mkKWplitplbreTs¡ eyIgRtUvEteRbIR)as;plitplrbs;CatieyIg¡
45
yuvCn
yuvCnExμrCMnan;fμI RtUvEtCayuvCnTMBaMgsñgbJsSI. eyIgRtUvEtksagCayuvCnCati s¥ats¥M
CayuvCnmanqnÞ³Cati CayuvCnRbkbedaysuxPaBmaMmYn CayuvCnRbkbedayesckIþkøahan Ca yuvCnRbkbedaybBaØa CayuvCnRbkbedaysμartICatiniymx<s; CayuvCnRbkbedayRkmsIlFm’ KuNFm’ yutiþFm’ esckIþts‘UBüayam nigmnsikarl³bg;x<s;.
eyIgdac;xatrs;enACamYyyuvCn eFVIkarCamYyyuvCn elIksÞÜyyuvCn. mann½yfaeyIg RtUvEteFVI[yuvCnrbs;eyIgkøayCayuvCn {xøaMg{ sMrab;Catirbs;eyIg. eyIgRtUvecHdwknaMnigRtUv ecH[eKdwknaM. eyIgRtUvdwknaMedaybgðajnUvKMrUl¥dl;yuvCn. eyIgnwgelIkTwkcitþyuvCnrbs; eyIg[køayeTACaBlrdæQanmuxkñúgskmμPaBlHbg; karBarCati dwknaMskmμPaBCati nigskmμPaB GPivDÆn_Cati. eyIgnwgCMrujkarlUtlas;rbs;yuvCn tameTBekaslü tamCMnaj tamsmtßPaB tam]tþmKti nigqnÞ³rbs;eK.
eKalkarN_ - cat;TukyuvCnCaGTiPaBkúñgkarkarBarnigGPivDÆn_matuPUmi. - karBarRbeyaCn_yuvCn karGb;rM suxPaB siT§i nig kargar. - ykcitþTukdak;begIánsmtßPaBrbs;yuvCn. - yuvCnRtUv)anbMBak;bMb:nedaysμartICatiniymCacaM)ac;.
bBaØtiþ - RbCaBlrdæb ¤emdwknaMNaEdlraraMgkarlUtlas; qnÞ³ nig bgáeRKaHfñak;b¤bgá
mhnþraydl;RbeyaCn_Rsbc,ab;rbs;yuvCnnigRtUvpþnÞaeTastamc,ab;.
46
- yuvCnNaEdlmanqnÞ³QanmuxnigmnsikarCatiniymx<s; ehIymansñaédsMrab;Cati nigRtUv)anelIksÜÞy pþl;GtßiPaBkñúgkarsikSa kargarnigRtUv)ankarBarCaBiesseday Cati.
yuvCnCassrRTUgrbs;matuPUmirbs;eyIg¡
DI KuCsa )anTTYlBanrgVan;emdaymaskñúgkarRblgRbECgEpñkviTüasaRsþ BiPBelaksMrab;yuvCnv½yeRkam16qñaMry³eBl10éf¶enARbeTs\NÐÚeNsIu
enAExFñÚ qñaM2005.
47
neya)aykarbreTs
tambTBiesaFn_RbvtþisaRsþ)anbeRgon[eyIgCaExμrCMnan;fμIsMerccitþfa kñúgerOgneya)ay nigerOgRbeyaCn_rbs;CatiKW :eyIgKμaneTmitþ ehIyk¾KμanEdrsRtUv. eyIgmanEtRbeyaCn_Cati rbs;eyIgEtb:ueNÑaH :.eyIgP¢ab;mitþPaBCamYyRbeTsTaMgGs;elIBiPBelakEteyIgmanEtmüa:gKWedIm,I RbeyaC_Cati. cUcgcaMfaebIeyIgcg;[xøÜneyIgrwgmaMeyIgminGaceTAesBKb;søab;rs;CamYymnusSEdl Tn;exSayCageyIgb¤mansßanPaBdUceyIgb¤k¾Rbhak;RbEhleyIg)aneT.mann½yfaebIcg;xøaMgRtUvEsVg rkb¤BwgBak;b ¤esBKb;RKUBUEkb¤xøaMgCageyIg. cUcgcaMfaebIeyIgcg;[RbeTsrbs;eyIgmankarrIkcMerIn eyIgminRtUveronCamYyGñkEdlmancMeNHTabCageyIgb ¤esμIeyIgb¤Rbhak;RbEhlKñaenaHeT.mann½y faebIcg;eFIVkarGPivDÆn_esdækic©RtUveronBIGñkCMnajesdækic©Bit. cUcgcaMfaebIcg;[RbeTseyIgkøayCa RbeTsmanRbCaFibetyüBitR)akd eyIgdac;xatminRtUvykmnuusSkum μúynIspþac;kareFVICaTIRbwkSa b ¤Ca klüaNmitþCadac;xat. mann½yfaebIcg;køayCamnusSRbCaFib,etyüRtUvesBKb;mnusSmanKMnit esrI. ebIeyIgecosminputeFVICarNbeKRtUvEtCarNbrbs;kMBUlmhaesdIæb¤mhaGMNacBiPBelak. ebIeyIgeCosminputnwgBwgBak;GMNacneya)ay eyIgRtUvBwgBak;RbeTsEdlenAq¶ayehIyCaGñkxøaMg.
eKalkarN_ - RbeTsxøaMgKWCamitþ RbeTsexSayminCasRtUv. - RbeTsRbCaFibetyüCaTIRbwkSa RbeTskumμúynIsCamitþFmμta. - RbeTsEdlRtUvBwgBak;eFVIsRgaÁmKWminCit RbsinebIsRgÁamekIteLIgnigcaM)ac;. - RbeTsxøaMg ¬esdækic© nig neya)ay¦[ykeFVICaRKUsMrab;Rtab;. - RbeTsEdlexSay ¬esdækic© nig neya)ay¦ ykTukCaemeronsMrab;eCosvag.
48
- RbeTsEdlmansßanPaB ¬esdækic© nig neya)ay¦ dUcKñab¤RbesIrCageyIgbnþic bnþÜcRtUverIsykeFVICaédKUrRbKYtRbECg.
bBaØtiþ - RKb;TMnak;TMngGnþrCatiTaMgGs;KWRtUvsßitelIeKalkarN_RbeyaCn_Cati. GVIeRkABIenH
dac;xatminTTYlykb¤minshkarN_ Etk¾minbgáCMelaHEdr.
49
ExμrRsLaj;Exμr
Baküfa{Ex μr{KWsMedAeTAelIRbCaCatimYyEdlmanRbvtþisaRsþyUrlg;Nas;mkehIyenAPUmiPaK GasIuPaKGaeKñy_enH. CaRbCaCatimYyEdlmanvb,Fm’RbéBNInigGarüFm’rugerOgGs©arüCaeRcInstvtS naeBlGtItkal. BaküfaExμrCakarkt;sMKal;nUvRbCaCatimYyEdlCakulbuRtkulFitarbs;RBH)aTC½y vrμ½nTI7 Cam©as; CakMBUCGñkCa. ExμrCaRbCaCatimYyEdlminePøcBIRbvtþisaRsþrbs;xøÜneLIy ehIy CaRbCaCatimYyRbkbedayesckIþts‘UnigsμartIeKarBRslaj;KñaminfaenATINaeLIy. eBlenHCa stvtSrbs;ExμreyIgehIy²eyIgnwgbgðajBiPBelak[eXIjBIskþanuBlPaBénesckIþRslaj;rbs; eyIgkñúgnamCaRbCaCatiExμr. eyIgnwgrYbrYmsamKIÁKña eKarBRsLaj;Kña karBarKña CYyKñaeTAvijeTA mkminfaenATINaeLIy.
eBlenHeyIgnwgcab;epIþmGnuvtþmaKa’rbs;eyIgkñúgnamCaRbCaCatiEtmYyya:gBitR)akd ehIy éf¶NamYyeyIgnwgsgÇwmfaeyIgnwgCYbCMuKñaCaRbCatiEtmYyedayPaBsuxsanþnigesckIþrugerOg.
dUcelak FI xinNit ¬Kennet, T.) EdlCaCnCatiExμrrs;enAshrdæGaemrik)anGHGagfa {enAeBlEdlkm<úCakøayeTACaRbCaCatimYyEdlmankMlaMgesdækic©Rbhak;RbEhlnwgéf nigmanRb B½n§yutiþFm’sgÁmRbhak;RbEhlnwgbcw©mRbeTs enAeBlenaHExμrEdlrs;enAkñúgRbeTséf nigevot NamnwgmansμartICatiniymekIneLIg. Exμrsurin nigExμreRkameRbobbIdUcCakUnEdlEbkBI«Bukmþay begáItkñúgeBlmansRgÁam. kUnmYyRtUvdak;kñúgmCÄmNÐlkumarkMRBa nigkUnmYyeTotRtUv)anerIsyk eTAciBaw©m. kUnciBa©wmGacmanlT§PaBlUtlas;)anl¥CagkUnEdldak;kñúgmCÄmNÐlkumarkMRBa EtkUn TaMgBIrenHenAEtb:gR)afñaCYbCMu«BukmþaynigvilRtlb;mkpÞHvijCanic©.kUnEdlRtUv)anerIsykeTAciBa©wm
Ex μrnwgminEdlePøcEx μreTaHCaeTAdl;TINak¾eday¡
50
RbEhlCamanPaBsÞak;esIÞrkñúgkarRtlb;mkpÞHCYb«BukmþayBitvijRbsinebI«BukmþayRkIRk ehIyRb mwuk. BitEmnehIykm<úCaeBlenHKWRkehIyRbmwuknwgxVHvin½y. ehIyk¾minxusKñanwgkUnEdlenAkñúg mCÄmNÐlkumarkMRBaEdr. d¾rabNa«BukmþayBitmansuPvinicä½y manlT§PaBpÁt;pÁg; RKb;RKgRKYsar RbkbeTAedayesckIþRsLaj; EfrkSanigkarBarenAeBlenaHeTIbkUnTaMgGs;nwgpþl;nUvesckIþeKarB. ´eCOCak;fakm<úCaGackøayeTACa«Bukmþayd¾l¥sMrab;kUnecAenAeBlNamYyqab;². eyIgminRtUvGnu- BaØat[RBMEdnsib,nimitþbMEbkeyIgteTAeToteT. eyIgRtUvEtrYbrYmKñaTaMgsμartI TaMgskmμPaB. éf¶ NamYyeyIgnwgRtlb;mkpÞHvijTaMgGs;KñanigrIkraykarCYbCMuKñaCamhaRKYsarExμrEtmYyeLIgvij. ´ kñúgnamCaExμrEdlrs;enAÉnay TaMgcitþTaMgebHdUgKWenAEtCaExμrKμanéf¶NaRkLas;)aneLIy}.
CakarrMlwkcugeRkayRbsinebIeyIgminGacmanemdwknaMEdlmanlkçN³dUcb¤Rbhak;RbEhl RBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7eTenaHGnaKtrbs;eyIgnwgenAEtggwtb¤RbEhlCaGacCYbvasnaGaRkk;dUcRbCaCn campgEdrk¾mindwg.
eKalkarN_³ - ExμrRtUvEtkarBarExμr. - ExμrRtUvEtCYyExμr. - ExμrRtUvEtRsLaj;Exμr nigQb;eQøaHCamYyExμr. - ExμrRtUvQb;rNbRbeTsCitxag EtRtUveFVIneya)ayTMnak;TMngCatiesμIPaBKña. - ExμrTaMgGs;RtUvEtsamKIÁKñaminfaExμrelI ExμreRkam ExμrkNþal b ¤ExμrenATINak¾eday
[EtCaCnCatiExμr. bBaØtiþ³
- GñkEdlmansñaédkarBarRbeyaCn_ExμrnigRtUv)aneKarBedayRbCaCatiExμr. - GñkEdlmansñaédGb;rMsamKIÁPaBkñúgnamRbCaCatiExμrnigRtUv)aneKarBedayRbCaCatiExμr. - GñkEdlmanectnaBauJúHjg;[mankaEbk)ak;kñúgcMeNamRbCaBlrdæExμrnwgTTYlkardak;
TNÐkmμedaykMritNamYyedayc,ab;samKIÁCatiCadac;xat.
51
- samKIÁPaBnigkareKaRsLaj;KñarvagExμrnwgExμrCaktVkic©caM)ac;nigdac;xat.
52
cgcaM³ {ekItmkCaExμr eyIgnwgrs;enACaExμr eyIgnwgsøab;eTAvijedIm,IExμr{¡
esdækic©Cati
RbeTskm<úCaKWCaEdndIsuvNÑPUmi CaEdndImas CaEdndIsm,ÚreTAedaysm,tiþFm μCatinig
sm,ti þvb,Fm’. etIehtuGVI)anCaeyIgnUvEtRk? mkBIeyIgeTIbcb;BIs®gÁamb¤? minGaceTsUmRkeLk emIlRbeTsCb:unnigGaløWm:g;. RbeTsTaMgBIrenHbnÞab;BIcaj;s®gÁamelakelIkTIBIrehdæarcnasm<½n§ esdækic©CatiRtUv)anbMpøajesÞIrexÞcxÞIrYmTaMgbMNuls®gÁamEfmeTot. Cak;EsþgGalWøm:g;)ancMNayFun FanCatid¾elIslb;sMrab;eFVIs®gÁamrhUtdl;272b‘ÍlanduløaGaemriknasm½yenaH. s®gÁam)anbMpøaj eKhdæanGs;20°kñúgRbeTs. ehdæarcnasm<½n§RKb;TIRkugRtUv)anbMpøajGs;BI80°eTA90°. rcna sm½<n§esdækic©RtUv)anbMpøajesIÞrKμansl;. FnFanmnusS nigkMlaMgBlkmμRtUv)ansøab;CaGtibrima. RbCaBlrdærab;lanxVHCMrknigbBaðaFMbMputKWkgVHxatGaharnigRbQmmuxnigGakasFatuRtCak;. pÞúy eTAvijemdwknaMGalWøm:g;)aneFVIkardwknaMsþarnigksagesdækic©CatieLIgvijRbkbedayqnÞ³neya)aybMerIplRbeyaCn_Catix<s;edayeFVIkMEnTMrg;RbBn½§esdækic©CatiEdlehAfa : esdækic©TIpSasgÁm :. Etkñúg ry³eBld¾¾xIøb:ueNÑaHKWenAkñúgTsvtS1950 esdækic©GalIøm:g;RtUv)aneRsacRsg;eLIgvijEdleKehAfa :GPUtehtuesdækic©enAGalWøm:g; : enHsMrab;GalWøm:g;xaglic . sMrab;GalWøm:g;xagekItk¾dUcKñaEdr. eRkam\T§iBlneya)ayrbs;shPaBsUevotkareRsacRsg;esdækic©CatieLIgvij)anmankarrIkcMerInya:g qab;rh½ytamRbB½n§esdæpþac;muxRKb;RKgedayrdæ. GalWøm:g;xagekIt)ankøayxøÜneTACaRbeTskumμúynIs mYykñúgcMeNamRbeTskumμúynIsEdlmanesdækic©xaMøgbMputenAkúñgBiPBelak. cMeBaHRbeTsCb:unvij bnÞab;BIcaj;sRgÁamesdækic©RbeTsCb:unRtUv)ankt;sMKal;fa manclnafyeRkayesñInwg15qñaMmunnwg ekItmansRgÁam. CaTUeTA40°énsßab½n]sSahkmμnigehdæarcnasm<½n§CatiRtUv)anbMpøaj. eRkABI enHPaBlM)akbMputrbs;Cb:unsMrab;ksagesdækic©EdlCaTUeTAcab;taMgBIedImrhUtmkdl;eBlenHCb:un EtgEtRtUvkarnaMcUlnUvvtßúFatuedImcMnYn70°edIm,ItRmUvkaresdækic©rbs;xøÜn. minyUrb:un μankñúgkMlug
53
TsvtS1950dUcKñanwgGalWøm:g;EdrCbu:n)aneFVI[esdækic©rbs;xøÜnmanCIvitrs;Caf μIeLIgvij. CaBiess cab;BIqñaM1950 rhUtdl;qñaM1973 kMeNInesdækic©rbs;Cb:un)anekInrhUtdl;10°ya:grwgmaM.
dUecñH´manCMenOeCOCak;faRbsinebIeyIgmanemdwknaMEdlmanqnÞ³bMerI[plRbeyaCn_CatiBit R)akdEmnenaHeyIgGacksagesdækic©Catirbs;eyIg)anya:gqab;rh½s. CnrYmCatimincaM)ac;RtUvrg;caM rhUtdl;20eTA30qñaMehIyenAEtKμansgÇwmdEdldUcsBVéf¶enHenaHeT. krNIymYyd¾caM)ac;nigCa bnÞan;bMputKWkareFVIkMENTMrg;esdækic©CatiepþateTAelI :suc©ritPaBrcnasm<½n§esdækic©nigneya)ay :. ´yl;eXIjfa RKan;EtR)ak;cMNUlBIvis½yeTscrN_ BImhaR)asaTrbs;eyIgk¾GaceFVI[esdækic©Cati manPaBrwgmaMmYyEpñkFMEdrebIsineyIgecHRKb;RKg. dUcsBVéf¶enH eKminKYrlk;R)asaTGgÁrvtþeTA[ sUKImiuc rbs; sux Kg; EdlCaCnCatievotNameLIyenAeBlEdlrdæmanlT§PaBeFVIkic©karenaH)an edayxøÜnÉgenaH. enHRKan;EtCakarbgðajénEpñkmYycMeBaHkar)at;bg;esdækic©CatiEtb:ueNÑaH. CaKMeragTUeTA³
- karepþateTAelIkarGPivDÆn_RTBüsm,tiþCatiCaGTiPaB ¬GgÁrvtþ tMbn;R)asaTburaNepSg² Er:FmμCati éRBeQI eRbgkatnig]sμ½n nigbwgTenøsab tamkmμviFIesdækic©PaBpþac;mux GPirkS nigTIpSaesrI¦.
- kMENTMrg;RbB½n§hirBaØvtßúCati. - karksagehdæarcnasm<½n§yuT§saRsþRkvat;RBMEdnsMrab;BRgwgvis½yesdækic©nigesßrPaB
neya)aykñúgRbeTsnigCamYyRbeTsCitxag. - tmøaPaBkareRbIR)as;FnFanCatinigkarGPivDÆn_CatisMrab;sarFaN³. - kMENTMrg;c,ab;vinieyaKTn; begáItc,ab;epSg²eTotedIm,IFana nigTak;TajvinieyaKinkñúg
nigeRkARbeTs. - c,ab;RbqaMgnwgGMeBIBukrlYyRtUvEtGnum½tnigsßab½nÉkraCüRbqaMgnwgGMeBIBukrlYyRtUvEt
begáItCabnÞan;CaBiesskarykKMrUtamRbeTssaMghÁaBYrkñúgkarlb;bM)at;GMeBIBukrlYy. - eKalkarN_elIkTwkcitþcMeBaHkarRsavRCav nigGPivDÆn_esdækic© .
54
dUecñHsUmCnrYmCatiemtþapøas;bþÚrTsSnvis½ynigQb;KaMRTcMeBaHGIVEdlemdwknaMbc©úb,nñEtgEtniyayfamkBIeyIgeTIbegIbBIs®gÁameTIbeyIgRk. eyIg)anb:uNwÑglμm)anehIy. eyIgmanehIyebI eFobeTAnwgrbbb:ulBt. eyIgminGacpøas;bþÚrsgÁm)anhYsBIenHeT. Qb;kuhkeTAeRBaHvalμmRKb; RKan;ehIyry³eBl30qñaMénkardwknaM.
eyIgminRtUveFobesdækic©rbs;eyIgeTAnwgrbbb:ulBtenaHeTEteyIgRtUvEteFobeTAnwgcrnþBiPBelak.TsSn³enHrwtEtminRtUvEfmeToteRBaHvaeFIV[eyIgedkrg;caMvasna. eyIgRtUvEtmanmhic©ta ksagesdækic©[xøaMgRbkbedayTsSnvis½yneya)ayEvgq¶ayedIm,IrMedaHxøÜnecjBIBaküfa :RbeTs km<úCaCaRbeTsd¾RkIRkbMputmYykñúgcMeNamRbeTsd¾RkIRkbMputkñúgBiPBelak : nigbBaØtiþfa :km<úCaCa RbeTssMuTan :. ´s¥b;BaküenHnigmincg;lWedayvaeFVI[rUb´nigRbCaCatirbs;´TaMgmUlTTYlrgnUv PaBGam:as;bMput. ´minGacTTYlyk)aneTenAeBlEdlrUb´RBmTaMgbgb¥ÚnCnrYmCatiPaKeRcInnigGñk esdækic©Cati nigGnþrCatiemIleXIjfakm<úCaGacmanlT§PaBksagRbeTs[)anrIkcMerInya:gqab;rh½s RbsinebIemdwknaMBitCamanqnÞ³bMerICatiBitR)adk. bBaðaKWfaemdwknaMkan;GMNacsBVéf¶enHBitCaKμan suc©ritPaBneya)ay KμansmtßPaB EfmTaMgmanKMnitGjniym nigKμanTsSnvis½yBRgwgesdækic© Cati nigneya)ay[ÉkraCüBIRbeTsCitxagnigRbeTsepSg²eToteLIy. BYkeKdwknaMmYyéf¶KitmYy éf¶.elIkElgEtTsSnvis½yGaRkk;EpñkbgásRgÁam deNIþmGMNac nigerobcMGnÞak;sMlab;GñkRbCa FibetyünigGñkCatiniymEtb:ueNÑaH.
ebIEx μrsamKIÁKñaEx μrminRk¡ ebIEx μrmanemdwknaMl¥Ex μrminRk¡
55
R)asaTGgÁrvtþ R)asaT)ay½nþ nigR)asTRBHvihar
R)asaTGgÁrvtþ
R)asaTGgÁrvtþRtUv)anksagedayRBH)aTsUriyavr μ½nTI2kñúgstvtSTI12.R)asaTGgÁrvtþCaGcä riyvtßúmYykñúgcMeNamGcäriyvtßúcMnYn7enAkñúgBiPBelak nigCabitikP½NÐBiPBelakpgEdr EdlTTYl sÁal;edayGgÁkaryUnIsáÚenAqñaM1992.
R)asaTGgÁrvtþCaRBlwgrbs;Exμr Cakitþiysrbs;Exμr CaGtþsBaØaNrbs;Exμr CasμartIrbs;
Exμr CaemaTnPaBrbs;Exμr CaRBlwgvb,Fm’ nigRbéBNIExμr CatMNag[CIvitRbCaCatiExμr nigCatM Nag[smtßPaBrbs;ExμrpgEdr. eRkABIenHR)asaTGgÁrvtþKWCaRTBüsm,tþirbs;RbCaCatiEx μrTUeTAnig RTBüsm,tiþvb,Fm’rbs;BiPBelakpgEdr. R)asaTGgÁrvtþRtUvEt)anelIktMekIgelIsGVI²TaMgGs;nigkarBarRKb;meFüa)ay. tMélnig KuNsm,tþirbs;R)asaTGgÁrvtþ nigRBH)aTsUriyavr½ μnTI2Edl)anksagR)asaTGgÁvtþRtUvEt)anelIk kMBs;nigelIkTwkcitþ[sikSaecHcaMsÞat; nigRtUvEtkMNt;faCakatBVkic©pgEdrEdlRbCaBlrdæExμrRKb;
56
rUbRtUvEtbMeBj. R)asaTGgÁrvtþnwgRtUvEt)anEfrkSaedaysμartITTYlxusRtUvx<s;nigsμartICatiniym edayminGacxVH)an. CaBiessbMputKWtMélR)asaTGgÁrvtþnwgminGacrMelaPbMBan)aneLIy.
RbCablrdæExμrTaMgGs;RtUvEt)anmkTsSnaR)asaTGgÁrvtþya:gehacNas;)anmþgkñúgmYyCI vitEdlnwgerobcMedaysßab½nßrdæ¬RksYgGb;rM¦ shKmn_ b¤tamlkçN³RKYsaredIm,Iyl;BItMélBitd¾ Gs©arürbs;R)asaTGgÁrvtþ.
R)asaTGgÁrvtþRtUvEtRKb;RKg nigEfrkSaedayrdæedaysμartIxusRtUvx<s; nigminRtUv)anlk;b¤ CYl[Rkumh‘unÉkCnb¤GnþrCatiNamYyeLIy. R)asaTGgÁrvtþCaRTBüsm,tiþrbs;RbCatiExμrTaMgmUl dUecñHRtUvEtRKb;RKgedayrdæ ehIycMNUlTaMgGs;BIR)asaTGgÁrvtþ RtUvEtbMerI[RbCaBlrdæExμrTaMg Gs;. eBalKWminGacsMrab;bMerIRkumh‘unNamYyb¤buKÁlNamñak;eLIy. R)asaT)ay½nþ R)asaT)ay½nþRtUv)anksagedaymhaRBHmhavIrkSRtrbs;eyIgRBHnamRBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7nast vtSTI12. R)asaT)ay½nþKWCaBiesstMNag[buKÁliklkçN³rbs;eyIgCaExμr. R)asaT)ay½nþtM Nag[KuNFm’ emtþFm’ esckIþkruNa karGt;»n PaBGt;F μt; karts‘U suPaBrabsar PaBbRgYb bRgYmCati esckIþRsLaj; PaBrak;Tak;nigsñamjjwmrbs;RbCatiEx μr.
57
R)asaTRBHvihar R)asaTRBHviharsißtenAkñúgextþRBHviharksagedayRBHmhakSRtExμrCaeRcInRBHGgÁkñúgeRcInrC¢
kaldUcCaRBH)aTyesavrμ½nTI1nastvtSTI9 RBH)aTsUriyavr½μnTI1 nigRBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI6 nastvtS TI11nigRBH)aTsUriyavrμ½nTI2kñúgstvtSTI12. R)asaTenHEtgEtRtUv)anTamTaredayRbeTséfEdl Canic©CakalciBa©wmcitþQøanBanRTBüsm,tiþnigsñaédrbs;buBVbursrbs;eyIgEtRtUv)antulakarGnþrCati kat;kIþRbKl;[eyIgQñHedayyutiþFm’enAéf¶TI15 Exmifuna qñaM1962.
rhUtmkdl;eBlenHRbeTséfenAEtciBa©wmcitþQøanBanminQb;QredayTamTarkarrYmcM
ENkRKb;RkgelIR)asaTRBHviharenAeBlEdleyIg)anesIñrsMudak;R)asaTRBHviharCabitikP½NÐGnþr Cati.
kúñgRkEsEPñkrbs;eyIgkñúgnamCakulbuRtkulFitaExμrCMnan;fIμeyIgEtgEtcat;TukR)asaTRBHviharfaCatMNag[PaByutiþFm’ karts‘U nigesckIþkøahanGg;GacCamYysRtUv edIm,IkarBarmatuPUmi. CaBiessR)asaTRBHviharKW CanimitþrUbesñhaCati nigCanitþrUbénPaBeCaKC½yelIRKb;kic©kar.
eyIgsUmbBa¢ak;faR)asaTRBHviharKW CaRTBüsm,tiþrbs;ExμrksagedayGtItRBHmhakSRtExμr nigRbCaBlrdæExμr. dUecñHCnCatiéfminGacrYmcMENkkñúgkarRKb;RKgb¤sMurYmemaTnPaBelImrtkenH
58
sMrab;CaRbeyaCn_rbs;CatixøÜn)aneLIy. vaCasiT§irbs;eyIgkñúgkarcat;EcgnigRKb;RKgRTBüsm,tiþ Catirbs;eyIgedayÉkraCüedayminGnuBaØat[RbeTsNamYyrMelaPbMBanelIÉraCünigGFibetyüPaB rbs;eyIg)aneLIy. CarYmeyIgGacshkarCamYyRbeTséf)anelIkic©kareTscrN_ b:uEnþminEmn karRKb;RKgeLIy.
RbCaBlrdæExμrRKb;rUbRtUvEt)anmkTsSnaR)asaTGgÁvtþ R)asaT)ay½nþ nigR)asaTRBHvihar ya:gehacNas;[)anmþgEdrkñúgmYyCIvitEdlnwgRtUv)anerobcMedaysßab½nrdæ¬RksYgGb;rM¦ shKmn_ b¤tamlkçN³RKYsaredIm,Iyl;BItMélBitd¾Gs©arürbs;R)asaTTaMgGs;enH. eKalkarN_
- R)asaTGgÁrvtþminGacCYlb¤lk;[buKÁlb¤RkumÉkCnNamYykan;kab;)aneLIy. - R)asaTTaMgbIenHRtUv)ancat;TukfaCaCivitrbs;ExμrnigCasm,tiþvb,Fm’ExμrEdlmantMélmin
Gackat;éfø)an. - RbCaBlrdæRKb;rUbRtUvEteTATsSnaR)asaTTaMgbIenHya:gehacNas;)anmþgkñúgmYyCI
vitedIm,Iyl;BIrtMélBiténmhasñaédrTaMgenH. - rUbR)asaTTaMgbIenHKYrEtRtUv)andak;taMgRKb;salaeron eKhdæan vtþGaram nigsßab½n
kargarRKb;lMdab;fñak;sMrab;CakarekatsesIrnigCanimitþrUbCatiyménemaTnPaBCati. - RbCaBlrdæTaMgGs;RtUvEtcaM[)ansÞat;CMnajnUvRbvtiþR)asaTTaMgenHedaycat;TukfaCa
katBVkic©. - pøÚvKmnaKmn_tP¢ab;eTAkan;R)asaTRBHviharRtUvEtpþl;GTiPaBTImYynigRtUvEtksagCabnÞan;
edayKμanl½kçx½NÐ. bBaØtiþ
- katBVkic©eTAkMsanþR)asaTTaMgbInigRtUv)ankMNt;edayc,ab;. - R)asaTTaMgbIenHnigRtUv)ankarBaredayc,ab;BiessbEnßmelIc,ab;epSg²eTotsIþBIR)asaT
Exμr.
59
- CnNamñak; Rkumh‘unNamYy EdlRbRBwtþb:HBal;dl;tMéld¾visuT§rbs;R)asaTTaMgbIenH dUcEdlnwgmanEcgenAkñúgc,ab;nwgRtUvpþnÞaeTastamc,ab;CaFrman.
- GñkEdlmanEdlmansñaédkñúgkarelIktMekIgtMélR)asaTTaMgGs;rbs;ExμrCaBiessR)a saTTaMgbIenHnigRtUv)anpþl;rgVan;edayCatinigkarBarCaBiessedayCati.
- karsikSaRbvtþirbs;R)asaTTaMgbIenHnigRtUv)anpþl;GTiPaBedaykMNt;edayc,ab;.
60
RBHmhavIrkSRtRBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7
RBHGgÁ)anRbsURtenAqñaM1125 nigesayTIvgÁt;enAqñaM1215. RBHGgÁKWCaRBHmhavIrkSRt d¾Gs©arübMputsMrab;RbCaCatiExμrEdleyIgRtUvEtelIktMekIg[Gs;BIdYgcitþ. eRkamPaBdwknaMrbs;RBH GgÁTwkdImhacRkPBExμr)anlatsn§wgxaglicTl;RbeTsPUma xageCIgCab;nwgRbeTscin xagt,Úg Cab;nwgRbeTsma:eLsIunigxagekItPaKxageCIgCab;nwgRbeTscm,a: ¬RbeTsevotNamsBVéf¶¦.
CaTUeTARBHGgÁCatMNag[GVI²TaMgGs;rbs;eyIgCaExμr. RBHGgÁKWCatMNag[esckIþemtþa
esckIþkruNa esckIþGt;»n KuNFm’ sIlFm’ eskIþRsLj; PaBkøahan PaBs¥ats¥M PaBesμaH Rtg;cMeBaHCati vIrCnrbs;Cati rdæbursrbs;Cati GñkCatiniym PaBeCaKC½y PaBts‘U esckIþéføfñÚr emaTnPaBCati smtßPaBCati karbegáItfIμ PaBrIkcMerIn sniþPaB \T§iBl nigGMNac. CaBiess RBHGgÁKWCasnþbuKÁlEdltMNag[dYgRBlwgénkarbRgYbbRgYmCati nigGtþsBaØaNCatiEx μ.
61
eKalkarN_ - KMnitneyay)ay nigTsSnviC¢arbs;RBHGgÁRtUvEtkøayCamUldæanRKwHkúñgvis½yGb;rMcab;
BIbzmsikSarhUtdl;;sklviTüal½ysMrab;eFVICamKÁúeTsBRgwgGtþsBaØaNCati nigbNþúH bNþalmenaKmviC¢aCati mnsikarCati karbRgYbbRgYmCati KuNFm’ emtþaFm’ esckIþkøahan .l.nig.l.
- RKb;pÞHKYrEtmanesovePAsIþGMBIRbvtiþrbs;RBHGgÁ. - rUbsMNakb¤KMnUrénRBHqayal½kçrbs;RBHGgÁRtUvEt)andak;taMgRKb;TIkEnøgeFVIkar RKb;Rk
sYg RKb;RKwHsßanGb;rMnigtameKhdæan. - elIkkMBs;karsikSaRsavRCav nigkarplitsñaédepSg²GMBIRBHGgÁya:gTUlMTUlaykúñg
eKalbMNgBRgwgkarbRgYbbRgYmCati mnsikarCati nigKMnitCatiniym. - karsikSa nigecHdwgGMBIkardwknaMnigTsSnviC¢arbs;RBHGgÁKWCakatBVkic©.
bBaØatiþ
- RBHmhavIrkSRtRBH)aTC½yvr½μnTI7nwgRtUv)ankarBaredayc,ab;. - kartBVkic©rbs;BlrdæExμrkúñgkareKarBRbNib½tn_cMeBaHRBHGgÁ karsikSaGMBIKMnitTsSnviC¢a
neya)ay nig]tþmKtiCatiniymrbs;RBHGgÁnwgRtUv)anEcgedayc,ab;. - CnNaEdlRbRBwtþbHBal;dl;tMélCasklrbs;RBHGgÁdUcEdlnwgEcgkñúgc,ab;nwgRtUv
pþnÞaeTas. - RbCaBlrdæNaEdlmansñaédcUlrYmpSBVpSayKMnitTsSnviC¢arbs;RBHGgÁnigbegáItsña
édepSg²tamRB³KMrUvIrPaBrbs;RBHGgÁnwgRtUv)ankarBaredayc,ab;CaBiess.
62
cgcaM³ RBHGgÁminRtwmEtCaRBHmhavIrkSRtsMrab;EtRbCaCatiExμreyIgb:ueNÑaHeT bu:EnþRBHGgÁk¾RtUv)anBiPBelakTTYlsÁal;faCamhaemdwknaMd¾xøaMBUEkmYyRBHGgÁkñúgcMeNam
emdwknaMl,I²elIBiPBelakpgEdr.
63
kMENTMrg;RbB½n§RKb;RKgrdæaPi)al
RbCaBlrdæ
XuM-sgáat;
RBwT§sPa
rdæsPa rdæaPi)al
extþ-Rkug
Rsuk-x½NÐ
lT§pl
TMrg;rdæaPi)albcçúb,nñ
64
TMrg;enHCaTMrg;énrbbpþac;kar. CaTMrg;EdlminGacQaneTArkkarGnuvtþn_nUvRbB½n§vimCÄkar)aneLIy. eRkABIenHRBwT§sPadac;xatRtUvEtlubbM)at;ecalCadac;xatnigRksYgRtUvEtbRgÜm[manticCagenH minelIsBI15RksYgeLIy. RbB½n§GMNacnaeBlGnaKtnwgRtUv)aneXIjdUcTMrg;xageRkam.
rdæsPaCati rdæaPi)al
RbCaBlrdæExμr
extþ / Rkug
Rsuk/ x½NÐ
XMu / sgáat;
sßab½nCMnaj Rkumh‘un
lT§pl
RbB½n§rdæaPi)alrbs;ExμrCMnan;fIμ
e)aHeqñateRCIserIs EtgtaMg RtYtRta RKb;RKg bBa¢Únmk bMerI pþl;lT§pl
65
1> RksYg³ ³ RksYgnwgRtUvkat;bnßyBI26RksYgmkRtwm15RksYgEtb:ueNÑaH edIm,Ikat;bnßy karcMNayfvikarCatinigbegáInRbsiT§iPaBkargar. RksYgnimYy²manEtrdæmRnIþmñak; rdæelxa Fikarmñak; GñknaMBakümñak; nigGKÁelxaFikarmñak;. eRkABIenHCamRnIþCMnajtamnaykdæan.
2> GgÁrkS ³ naykrdæmRnIþnwgmanGgÁrkSRtwmEtbYnnak;b:ueNÑaH rdæmRnIþnwgmanGgÁrkSmñak;. eRkA BIenHnwgminGnuBaØati[manGgÁrkSeLIy.
3> garb¤eKarmügar³ garÉk]tþmnigelakCMTavnwgRtUvbBaÄb;min[eRbIR)as;EteRbICMnYsRtwmBakü
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