chemistry unit studies of matter matter, mass, & volume matter: anything that has mass &...

CHEMISTRY UNIT

Studies of Matter

Matter, Mass, & Volume

MATTER: anything that has mass & takes up space

MASS: the amount of matter in an object

VOLUME: the amount of space an object occupies

Four States of Matter

Solid

Liquid

Gas

Plasma

Solid

Definite volume & shape

Particles are tightly packed

Examples: Ice Wood Coins

Liquid

Definite volume

Takes the shape of the container

Particles are loosely packed

Examples Water Juice

Gas

No definite volume or shape

Particles will expand to fill the container

Examples Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Helium

Plasma

An electrically charged gas

Examples Fluorescent Lights Neon Lights Stars

Neon & Fluorescent Lights

Plasma TVs

Changing States

To change from one state of matter to another,

you add or take away

ENERGY in the form of HEAT.

States of Matter Quiz

Determine whether each of the following examples represent a…SolidLiquidGasPlasma

#1

#2

#3

#4

#5

#6

#7

#8

#9

#10

Answer Key

#1 Liquid

#2 Gas

#3 Solid

#4 Plasma

#5 Plasma

#6 Solid

#7 Plasma

#8 Liquid

#9 Gas

#10 Plasma

Properties of Matter

Matter can be described in two ways, PHYSICALLY and CHEMICALLY

Physical Properties: qualities or traits that describe the substance itself

Chemical Properties: qualities or traits that describe how a substance reacts with other substances

Physical Properties

Color

Size

Shape

Mass

Volume

Density

Melting or Boiling Point

State of Matter

Hardness

Magnetic

Malleability

Ability to Conduct Heat Sound Electricity

Physical Change

The new substance has the same chemical composition as the old substance.

Examples Change of State Cutting Bending Folding Tearing Breaking

Changes in State

Melting = Solid changing to a liquid

Changes in State

Evaporation= liquid change to gas

Changes in State

Sublimation= solid changing to gas

Changes in State

Deposition = gas changing to solid

Changes in State

Condensation = gas changing to liquid

Changes in State

Freezing = liquid changing to solid

Chemical Properties

Ability to React with Other Substances

Ability to Burn (with fire)

Ability to Fizz

Ability to Rust

Temperature Change

Changes in Matter

Substances can change form in two ways…PhysicallyChemically

To determine which type of change has occurred, you must compare the new substance with the old substance.

Chemical Change

The new substance is chemically different than the old substance.A new product has been formed.The new product has different chemical & physical properties than the old substance.Examples Burning Rusting Fizzing Temperature Change Color Change Sound Production of Light

Chemical Changes

Burning

Chemical Changes

Rusting

Chemical Changes

Fizzing

Identifying Changes Lab

Move from one station to another.

Determine whether each example represents a physical change or a chemical change.

Record your answer.

Return to your desk when finished.

Identifying ChangesAnswer Key

1. Physical (clay)

2. Physical (notecard)

3. Chemical (match)

4. Physical (paperclip)

5. Chemical (NaCl)

6. Physical (state)

7. Chemical (CO2)

8. Physical (sticks)

9. Physical (state)

10. Chemical (water and oxygen formed)

Reactants

Substances that undergo a chemical reaction.

Examples:

Manganese Dioxide

Hydrogen Peroxide

Products

New substances formed by a chemical reaction.

Examples:

CuOH2 (Calumennite)

CO2 (Carbon Dioxide)

Chemical Reaction

Hydrogen + Oxygen = Water

Endothermic

Type of chemical reaction which uses up heat, resulting in a cooler temperature.

Example:

Water & Ammonium Nitrate

Vinegar and Baking soda

Exothermic

Type of chemical reaction in which heat is given off, resulting in a warmer temperature.

Example:

Hydrogen Peroxide and Manganese Dioxide

Precipitate

A solid that forms when a chemical reaction occurs. This solid separates out from the solution during the chemical reaction.

Physical Properties Lab

Match each of the physical properties listed on your paper with an item in your basket.

Select only one item for each category.

Write the name of the correct item in the appropriate space.

List 4 additional physical properties for each item.

Textbook Assignment

Read pages 84-88 in your science textbook.

Answer questions #1-3 & 5 on page 90 in your Bellringer spiral.Restate the question in you answer!