chapter10 section01 by hamdy karim

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Chemistry10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

You could measure the amount of sand in a sand sculpture by counting each grain of sand, but it would be much easier to weigh the sand. You’ll discover how chemists measure the amount of a substance using a unit called a mole, which relates the number of particles to the mass.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

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Measuring Matter

Measuring Matter

What are three methods for measuring the amount of something?

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> Measuring Matter

You often measure the amount of something by one of three different methods—by count, by mass, and by volume.

10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.1

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.1

Problem Solving 10.1 Solve Problem 1 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

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What is a Mole?

What Is a Mole?

How is Avogadro’s number related to a mole of any substance?

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> What is a Mole?

A mole of any substance contains Avogadro’s number of representative particles, or 6.02 1023 representative particles.

The term representative particle refers to the species present in a substance: usually atoms, molecules, or formula units.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> What is a Mole?

Converting Number of Particles to Moles

One mole (mol) of a substance is 6.02 1023 representative particles of that substance and is the SI unit for measuring the amount of a substance.

The number of representative particles in a mole, 6.02 1023, is called Avogadro’s number.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> What is a Mole?10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.2

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.2

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.2

Problem Solving 10.4 Solve Problem 4 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> What is a Mole?

Converting Moles to Number of Particles

10.1

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.3

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.3

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.3

Problem Solving 10.5 Solve Problem 5 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

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The Mass of a Mole of an Element

The Mass of a Mole of an Element

How is the atomic mass of an element related to the molar mass of an element?

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of an Element

The atomic mass of an element expressed in grams is the mass of a mole of the element.

The mass of a mole of an element is its molar mass.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of an Element

One molar mass of carbon, sulfur, mercury, and iron are shown.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> Animation 11

Animation 11

Find out how Avogadro’s number is based on the relationship between the amu and the gram.

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of an Element

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

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The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

How is the mass of a mole of a compound calculated?

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

To calculate the molar mass of a compound, find the number of grams of each element in one mole of the compound. Then add the masses of the elements in the compound.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

Substitute the unit grams for atomic mass units. Thus 1 mol of SO3 has a mass of 80.1 g.

10.1

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The Mole: A Measurement of Matter

> The Mass of a Mole of a Compound

Molar Masses of Glucose, Water, and Paradichlorobenzene

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4

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SAMPLE PROBLEM

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10.4

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Practice Problems for Sample Problem 10.4

Problem Solving 10.7 Solve Problem 7 with the help of an interactive guided tutorial.

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Section Quiz

-or-Continue to: Launch:

Assess students’ understanding of the concepts in Section

10.1 Section Quiz.

10.1.

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10.1 Section Quiz.

1. Three common ways of measuring the amount of something are by count, by mass, and

a. by temperature.

b. by volume.

c. by area.

d. by density.

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10.1 Section Quiz.

2. A mole of hydrogen gas, H2(g), contains 6.02 x 1023

a. molecules.

b. atoms.

c. amu.

d. grams.

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10.1 Section Quiz.

3. The atomic mass of fluorine is 19.0 amu, so the molar mass is

a. 19.0 amu.

b. 19.0 g.

c. 6.02 x 1023 amu.

d. 6.02 x 1023 g.

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10.1 Section Quiz.

4. Calculate the molar mass of ammonium nitrate.

a. 45.02 g

b. 80.05 g

c. 60.06 g

d. 48.05 g

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