chapter nineteen the body in delivery. chapter nineteen table of contents zfunctions of nonverbal...

Chapter Nineteen

The Body in Delivery

Chapter Nineteen

Table of ContentsFunctions of Nonverbal

Communication in DeliveryBody LanguagePracticing the Delivery*

The Body in Delivery

Aural channel Vocalizations that form and accompany

spoken wordsVisual channel

The speaker’s visual actions and appearance, such as:Facial expressionsGestures and body movementPhysical appearance and dressObjects held*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery

Researchers have identified several ways in which nonverbal communication works together with the verbal component of a speech.*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery

Clarifying Verbal MessagesFacilitating FeedbackEstablishing Relationships Between

Speaker and AudienceEstablishing Speaker Credibility*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery:

Clarifying Verbal Messages

The same words spoken with different body movements or different vocal emphases convey different meanings.*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery:

Facilitating Feedback

Being alert to the cues listeners use to communicate their pleasure or displeasure can mean the difference between an alienated audience and one that feels recognized and respected.*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery:

Establishing Relationships Between Speaker and Audience

Nonverbal behavior (such as how you position yourself in relation to your audience) allows you to adjust your relationship with them, establishing a level of closeness and familiarity.*

Functions of Nonverbal Communication in Delivery:

Establishing Speaker Credibility

Audiences are more readily persuaded by speakers who emphasize vocal variety, eye contact, nodding, and standing with an open body position.*

Body Language

Audience members are quick to detect discrepancies between what you say and how you say it.*

Body Language

Facial ExpressionsEye ContactGesturesGeneral Body MovementDress and Objects*

Body Language:

Facial Expressions

By our facial expressions, an audience can gauge whether we are excited about or indifferent to our speech.*

Body Language:

Eye Contact

Maintaining eye contact is mandatory in establishing a positive relationship with listeners, and is perhaps the most important physical action in speaking.

Scanning Moving your gaze from one audience

member to another while speaking*

Body Language:

Gestures

Head, arm, hand, and leg gestures clarify the meanings we try to convey in words.

They:Fill in gaps.Express size or shape.Express depth of emotion.Add emphasis.*

Body Language:

General Body Movement

Audience members may tire of a talking head that remains in one place behind a podium.You should strive to stand erect, but

not rigidly.*

Body Language:

Dress and Objects

The first thing an audience tends to notice is your clothing.

Avoid the distracting use of props like pens, glasses of water, or open briefcases.*

Practicing the Delivery

The more you practice, the greater your comfort level will be when you actually deliver a speech.*

Practicing the Delivery

Focus on the MessageStay Away from MirrorsRecord the SpeechBe Prepared to Revise Your Speaking

OutlinePractice Under Realistic ConditionsTime Your SpeechPlan Ahead and Practice Often*

Practicing the Delivery:

Focus on the Message

Your goal should be to get your message across, not to display extraordinary delivery skills.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Stay Away from Mirrors

Mirrors will shift your attention away from your message to worrying about how you look.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Record the Speech

To accurately gauge how you sound and look, practice with audio- or videotaping.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Be Prepared to Revise Your Speaking Outline

Be prepared to revise your speech if your introduction or conclusion isn’t as effective as you’d like it.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Practice Under Realistic Conditions

Try to simulate the actual speech setting as you practice: Picture audience and seating

arrangements. Use a makeshift podium. Begin practicing with speaking outline

until you are confident. Practice in front of a live audience.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Time Your Speech

Time your speech to ensure that you stay within the period allotted to you.

If you are exceeding your time limit, adjust sections of the speech accordingly.*

Practicing the Delivery:

Plan Ahead and Practice Often

Begin practicing your speech at least several days before you are to deliver it.

Practice your speech about five times in its final form.*