chapter 8 nomenculature. chemical nomenculature a system of naming compounds. iupac rules are...

Chapter 8Chapter 8

NomenculatureNomenculature

Chemical NomenculatureChemical Nomenculature

A system of naming compounds.A system of naming compounds.IUPAC rules are designed to name IUPAC rules are designed to name compounds.compounds.Common names: H2O-water.Common names: H2O-water.Ionic- metal+nometal.Ionic- metal+nometal.molecular- nonmetals.molecular- nonmetals.Exceptions: polyatomic ions.Exceptions: polyatomic ions.Practice Ex 8.1-Pg.255.Practice Ex 8.1-Pg.255.

Types of Binary Ionic Types of Binary Ionic compoundscompounds::

BinaryBinary: Compound in which only two : Compound in which only two elements are present.elements are present.

Binary ionic compoundBinary ionic compound: Compound in : Compound in which monoatomic +ve charged metal ions which monoatomic +ve charged metal ions and monoatomic –ve charged nonmetal and monoatomic –ve charged nonmetal ions are present.ions are present.

Types of Binary Ionic Types of Binary Ionic compoundscompounds

Fixed charge binary ionic compound: Metal ion Fixed charge binary ionic compound: Metal ion can form only one type of +ve ion.can form only one type of +ve ion.

Fixed charge metals are group I A, II A,Al3+, Fixed charge metals are group I A, II A,Al3+, Ga3+, Zn2+,Cd2+, Ag+Ga3+, Zn2+,Cd2+, Ag+

Variable charge binary ionic compound: Metal Variable charge binary ionic compound: Metal ion can form more than one type of +ve ion.ion can form more than one type of +ve ion.

Cr2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Co3+, Cu+, Cu2+, Au+, Cr2+, Cr3+, Co2+, Co3+, Cu+, Cu2+, Au+, Au3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Pb4+, Sn2+, Sn4+, Au3+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Pb2+, Pb4+, Sn2+, Sn4+, Mn2+, Mn3+Mn2+, Mn3+

Nomenculature for binary ionic Nomenculature for binary ionic compoundscompounds

Fixed charged metals take the full name of the Fixed charged metals take the full name of the element plus the word “ion”element plus the word “ion”Na+-sodium ionNa+-sodium ionVariable charged metal ions take the full name Variable charged metal ions take the full name of the element followed by a roman numeral( ) of the element followed by a roman numeral( ) plus the word ion.plus the word ion. Cu2+ - copper (II) ion.Cu2+ - copper (II) ion.Nonmetal ions=stem of the name+ ide + word” Nonmetal ions=stem of the name+ ide + word” ion”ion”Cl- chloride ion.Cl- chloride ion.Learn table 8.2-P.258Learn table 8.2-P.258

Name the following: Name the following:

KCl KCl Na2ONa2OMgF2 MgF2 Be3N2 Be3N2CuO CuO Cu2OCu2OAuCl3 AuCl3 Mn2S3Mn2S3Do Practice Ex: 8.2,8.3 P.259.Do Practice Ex: 8.2,8.3 P.259.

The ic and ous systemThe ic and ous system..

Higher-icHigher-ic

Lower-ous.Lower-ous.

Table 8.3 P.261.Table 8.3 P.261.

Write formulas for the following:Write formulas for the following:

iron (III) choride: iron (III) choride: tin (II) fluoride tin (II) fluoride

stannic bromide stannic bromide auric oxide auric oxide

plumbous fluoride plumbous fluoride ferrous bromide ferrous bromide

ferric bromide ferric bromide copper(III) chloride copper(III) chloride

Nomenculature for ionic Nomenculature for ionic compounds containing compounds containing

polyatomic ions:polyatomic ions:

Learn table 8.4- P. 263.Learn table 8.4- P. 263.

If the polyatomic ion is +ve, its name is If the polyatomic ion is +ve, its name is substituted that for metal. substituted that for metal.

If the polyatomic ion is –ve, its name is If the polyatomic ion is –ve, its name is substituted for the nonmetal stem plus ide.substituted for the nonmetal stem plus ide.

Nomenculature for ionic Nomenculature for ionic compounds containing compounds containing

polyatomic ions:polyatomic ions:

Na3PO4 Na3PO4 K2CO3 K2CO3

Fe3(NO3)3 Fe3(NO3)3 Co(NO3)2 Co(NO3)2

Cu2SO4 Cu2SO4 Fe2 (SO4 )3 Fe2 (SO4 )3

NH4CN NH4CN (NH4)3 PO4 (NH4)3 PO4

Ternary compoundTernary compound

A compound containing three different A compound containing three different elements.elements.

Nomenculature for Binary Nomenculature for Binary Molecular CompoundsMolecular Compounds

A molecular compound in which only 2 A molecular compound in which only 2 nonmetals are present.nonmetals are present.

1. Name of first nonmetal used in full.1. Name of first nonmetal used in full.

2. Stem of the name of second nonmetal 2. Stem of the name of second nonmetal + ide ending+ ide ending

3. Appropriate suffix used.3. Appropriate suffix used.

Table 8. 5, P.266.Table 8. 5, P.266.

Name the following:Name the following:

CCl4 CCl4 NCl3NCl3CO CO P4 S6P4 S6S4 N4 S4 N4 S2OS2OPF3 PF3 CF4 CF4Exception: H2S-Exception: H2S-

HCl-HCl-

Systematic NameSystematic Name

A name of a compound based on IUPAC A name of a compound based on IUPAC rules that conveys information about the rules that conveys information about the composition of the compound.composition of the compound.

Common NameCommon Name

Name of a compound not based on IUPAC Name of a compound not based on IUPAC rules and that does not convey the rules and that does not convey the information about the composition of the information about the composition of the compound.compound.

Learn table 8.6- Common Names.P.268 Learn table 8.6- Common Names.P.268

Nomenculculature for acidsNomenculculature for acids::

AcidAcid: A H containing compound that : A H containing compound that yields Hydrogen ions when dissolved in yields Hydrogen ions when dissolved in water.water.

Ex: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, HCN, H3PO4Ex: HCl, HNO3, H2SO4, HCN, H3PO4

Rules for Naming acidsRules for Naming acids

1.Name of negative ion ends with ide.1.Name of negative ion ends with ide. the prefix hydro + stem of the negative ion + suffix the prefix hydro + stem of the negative ion + suffix

ic+ the word acidic+ the word acid2. Name of negative ion ends with ate2. Name of negative ion ends with ate Name of –ve ion less ate ending + suffix ic + word Name of –ve ion less ate ending + suffix ic + word

acid.acid.3.Name of negative ion ends with ite.3.Name of negative ion ends with ite. Name of –ve ion less ite ending + suffix ous+ the Name of –ve ion less ite ending + suffix ous+ the

word acid.word acid.

Name the following:Name the following:

Name the following acids:Name the following acids:H2CO3 H2CO3 HClO3 HClO3HF HF HClO2HClO2H2SO4 H2SO4 HClO HClOHBr HBr HClO4HClO4

Nonoxy acidNonoxy acid

Composed of H and other nonmetals other Composed of H and other nonmetals other than oxygen that produce H+ in aqueous than oxygen that produce H+ in aqueous solution.solution.

Oxy acidOxy acid

Composed of H, O, other elements that Composed of H, O, other elements that produce H+ in aqueous solution.produce H+ in aqueous solution.

Table 8.7:P.272:aq and dry state Table 8.7:P.272:aq and dry state nomenculatures.nomenculatures.

Do Practice Ex: 8.9, 8.10-Pg. 275 Do Practice Ex: 8.9, 8.10-Pg. 275

Homework problemsHomework problems

P.276: 1,3,9,13,15, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, P.276: 1,3,9,13,15, 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, 31, 35, 37, 39, 41, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 61, 63, 35, 37, 39, 41, 49, 51, 53, 55, 57, 61, 63, 65, 67, 71, 73, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 101, 65, 67, 71, 73, 79, 81, 83, 85, 87, 101, 103, 115, 119.103, 115, 119.