chapter 7 the indian wars. indian conflicts between 1782-1890, known as the indian wars period...
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Chapter 7The Indian Wars
Indian Conflicts
• Between 1782-1890, known as the Indian Wars Period
• Geronimo, 1858, led a band of warriors on raids against the Mexicans
On the Plains
• Sioux Indians, led by Sitting Bull, given reservation till the end of time in southwest South Dakota and recognized land near Black Hills as sacred hunting grounds
• Gold found in Black Hills, brought settlers
• June 17, 1876, Sioux warriors surprised military and defeated them – Battle of the Rosebud
Little Bighorn
• Aka Custer’s Last Stand
• June 25, 1876, Colonel George Custer fought a group of Sioux and Cheyenne warriors, none of Custer’s 200 men survived
Nez Perce War
• Nez Perce warriors, led by Chief Joseph attacked and killed white ranchers
• September 30, 1877, Chief Joseph surrendered and he and his people were sent to Fort Leavenworth and not allowed to go back to their land
• “I will fight no more forever.”
Chapter 8A Last Stand
A New Hope?
• Indians lost homelands their families had lived on and where they were buried
• Reservations were barren and inhospitable
• Treaties promised subsistence rations, but Indians were faced with famine and death
• Paiute leader in Great Basin, Wovoka, claimed to have vision of a dance that would bring Indians together – Ghost Dance
• Must live quietly and honestly without violence, and the Indians would be able to return to old ways
New Religion
• Military was nervous about the new Ghost Dance religion
• November 1890, the Ghost Dance was banned in Dakota territory
• Sitting Bull wrongly accused of being the leader of this “rebellion” and was accidentally killed while being arrested
Wounded Knee
• Chief Big Foot was told to lead his people to Wounded Knee Creek where his people would be disarmed and taken to a reservation
• December 29, 1890, Big Foot and his people were attacked and killed by military
• The Battle of Wounded Knee stopped the Ghost Dance religion and, for the most part, ended the Indian Wars
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