chapter 5 electron configuration energy levels, sublevels ... · ground-state electron...

Chapter 5 Electron ConfigurationEnergy Levels, sublevels and orbital

Notes

Tamara Lookabaugh

Moore High School

Chemistry 2017

DAY ONE: October 3Where are the electrons?• How do you know how many electrons are in an element and WHERE

are they?

• LOOK at your periodic table

• How many electrons for a CARBON atom?

• How do you know?

How do you read this? Write this on your periodic table

Atomic Number = # protons

# of p always = # e

Symbol for Element

Name for the Element

Atomic mass unitAverage of all the

Isotope masses x their percent abundance

Electron Energy Level Notes

• Electrons do not travel around the nucleus of an atom in orbits

• They are found in energy levels at different distances away from the nucleus. (kind of like shells or layers).

Electron Energy Level Notes• There are 7 energy levels write these on your periodic

table.(they correspond to the horizontal rows known as periods.)

• There are at least 4 possible types of sublevels—given labels: s, p, d, or f

Periodic Table write the levels 1-7 on your periodic table

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Energy levels and number of electrons maximum that can be found in that shell or ring. PLEASE DRAW this in your notes

s,p,d,f blocks—Periodic Tablemark these on your table using the next slide

Mark the s,p,d,f blocks on your chart like this

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Electron Energy Level 1

• In each energy level, electrons fill sublevels in a certain order

Level 1:

a) only has one s sublevel (a spherical shape)

b) 2 electrons may fit in this sublevel--each has an opposite “spin”,

*Pauli exclusion principle—no more than 2 electrons may be found in the same orbital

S Orbitals

Electron Energy Level 2

• Level 2 has two sublevels: s and p

a)2 electrons in s

b)3 different p orbitals —2 electrons in each

c)8 electrons overall in Level 2

Electron Energy Level 3

• Level 3:

a)has 3 sublevels: s, p, and d

b)2 electrons in s

c)6 electrons in p

d)5 different d orbitals, and 2

electrons can fit in each—total of 10.

a)total of 18 electrons in level 3

Each energy sublevel relates to orbitals

of different shape.

Electron Energy Level 4

• Level 4:

a)has 4 sublevels: s, p, d , and f

b)2 electrons in s

c)6 electrons in p

d)10 electrons in d

e)14 electrons in f (7 different orbitals for f)

f)total of 32

Watch this Video link to practice electron Bohr models

Day one assignment: Receive a Periodic Table Worksheet and draw Bohr Diagrams for the six elements listed on back of your worksheet DUE tomorrow

• Aluminum

• Nitrogen

• Neon

• Chlorine

• Calcium

• Zinc

Electron Energy Level NotesDay 2 October 4• The order that electrons fill up orbitals does not follow the logical

order of all 1’s, then all 2’s, then all 3’s, etc.

• Just like in a hotel, guests don’t always fill up all rooms and floors the same way.

• They follow the order found on pg. 156.

Order in which subshells are filled with electrons follows the pattern below

1s

2s

3s

4s

5s

6s

7s

2p

3p

4p

5p

6p

3d

4d

5d

6d

4f

5f

1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d …2 2 6 2 6 2 10 6 2 10

Ground-State Electron Configuration

The arrangement of electrons in the atom is

called the electron configuration.

The aufbau principle states that each

electron occupies the lowest energy

orbital available. This is an AUFBAU

diagram

Order of Orbitals—Periodic Table

For the d block n-1

For the f block n-2

Hotel analogy video

s

s

s

s

p

d

d

p

p

f

These are 4 levels each

Showing the possible

Sublevels available to be

Filled with electrons

Electron Energy Level Notes

• An easy way to remember this is to use the periodic table--it is arranged to show how these orbitals are filled.

How do you write Electron Configurations?

• Watch this video to see how to write the

correct ORDER of how the shells fill from

level, sublevel and orbital.

NOW it is YOUR TURN to PRACTICE:

Receive handout on Electron configuration to complete and turn in tomorrow.