chapter 22: stress and resilience in women with rheumatic disease
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CHAPTER 22:Stress and Resilience in Women
With Rheumatic Disease
Introduction
• Rheumatic disease refers to over 100 different types of illnesses affecting the joints, tissues that surround joints, and other connective tissue.
Introduction
• Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)– 70% are middle-aged women.
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)– Occurs 10 times more frequently in females than
males.– Typically develops during young adulthood.
Reproductive Choices, Sexuality, and Social Roles
• Reproductive Choices– Timing– Medical treatments can compromise ability to
conceive.– Pregnancy may put women at risk for disease
flares.
Reproductive Choices, Sexuality, and Social Roles
• Sexuality– More gynecological problems– Lower sexual functioning– Poorer body image– Greater depression, pain, and fatigue
Reproductive Choices, Sexuality, and Social Roles
• Social Roles– Division of household responsibilities may need to
be shifted.– Acceptance and flexibility are key in adapting to
changing roles.• May influence mental health.
Differences Across Demographics and Culture
• Ethnicity and Socioeconomic Status– Role of acculturation
• Religion and Spirituality– Benefits of prayer– Coping
Stress and Resilience
• Stress has an impact on quality of life and can exacerbate disease activity.
• Interpersonal stress in particular is an important variable in the study of women with rheumatic disease.
Stress and Resilience
• Individual-Level Stress and Implications for Intervention– CBT– Psychoeducation– Emotional disclosure– Group counseling– Stress management– Biofeedback
Stress and Resilience
• Interpersonal-Level Stress and Implications for Intervention– Involving close others in psychosocial
interventions– Focus on communication, social support,
understanding of disease
Stress and Resilience
• Resilience– Growing body of research is revealing the complex
pathways through which positive affect influences physical health and even longevity.
Future Directions
• Focus on contextual variables, such as gender and culture
• Understanding the contribution of gender is critically important, but remains a challenge
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