chapter 10 becoming a world power 1872 – 1912

US. History

I. Building Support for ImperialismTHREE REASONS FOR IMPERIALISM•A. A Desire for New Markets• 1. economics no one has ALL materials to be self-sufficient

2. US needed new markets• a. overproducing goods•B. Show military strength to rest of world•C. Feeling of Superiority• 1. Social Darwinism:

II. 1st Steps to Imperialism• A. Commodore M. Perry opens Japan (1850s)• 1. Japan had restricted contact• 2. westernized (Jap Industr. Revol.)• B. Annexing Hawaii (1898)• 1. Most important port in Pacific• 2. Rest and refuel• 3. sugar cane• 4. Pearl Harbor navy

• A. Alfred T. Mahan (U.S. Navy Admiral)• 1. The Influence of Sea Power Upon • History (EOC term)• 2. Every great power in history … • 3. Need large navy to protect • economic interests• 4. Need bases around world to • supply/support the navy• a. imperialism way to go (own• instead of rent)

III. Building a Modern Navy

• What were the 3 reasons for imperialism?

• What are two reasons Hawaii was important to the US?

• What were the main beliefs as to why Alfred Mahan said the US needed bases around the world?

Essential Questions

U.S. History

•Examine the causes, course and consequence of the Spanish-American War.

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• A. Cuban Rebellion Begins (1895)• 1. independence from Spain• 2. Led by Jose Marti• 3. Destroy US-backed sugar

farms• B. USS Maine to Havana Harbor (1898)• 1. Protect US interests; explodes!

I. The Coming of War

• C. American people support the Cubans• 1. Govt: officially neutral• 2. New York papers• a. Hearst vs. Pulitzer• 3. Yellow journalism

(sensationalism)• a. Cubans fed to

dogs/sharks• 4. Cubans suffering• a. concentration camps• b. starvation/disease

D. Calling out for war 1. President McKinley wants peace

• a. US as mediator: Spain says “OK”• b. Rebels: “No, want full independence”• 2. The De Lome letter• a. Span. Ambassador private letter• b. McK “weak”• 3. “Remember the Maine”• 4. Political cause: McK feared if no war, • Dems win presidency in next election• 5. Teller Amendment: Cuba independent

A. The Philippines (Pacific)• 1. protect US backside• 2. Commodore George Dewey• 3. Natives launch guerrilla war • B. Battles in Cuba• 1. Teddy Roosevelt’s “Rough

Riders”• 2. San Juan / Kettle Hills victories

II. The War: Battle on Two Fronts

• A. Cuba free• B. Guam/Puerto Rico to the U.S.• C. Debate over Annexation of

Philippines• 1. Good place 4 Naval Base• 2. market for American goods• 3. Close to China• 4. Can “civilize” the natives• D. McKinley did annex

III. Consequences: U.S. Empire is Born

• How did “yellow journalism” lead to start of Spanish American war?

• What impact did De Lome Letter have on build up to war?

• Why did the US want to annex (add) the Philippines?

Essential Questions

•Explain the motives of the U.S. acquisition (taking) of territories.

Florida State Standard: SS.912.A.4.2

A. Puerto Rico• 1. US control (has gained some self-gov.)• 2. strategic Caribbean locale

– a. protect future canal– b. Base of ops for Navy

I. Puerto Rico and Cuba

B. Cuba• 1. sugar, tobacco and mining• 2. Ties to United States in Cuban • constitution (Platt Amendment)• a. No treaties to weaken or give land• b. US can buy/lease naval stations• c. low debts to keep foreign out• d. US right to protect Cuba

See notes from previous sections or sections 1 and 2 in your textbook.

II. Philippines, Guam, Hawaii, Alaska

A. China weak Euro powers moving inB. U.S. worried we’d be shutout

economicallyC. John Hay’s Open Door Notes

1. To Euro leaders “let’s all share”2. Euro accepts (impact of US Naval

Power!)

III. Open Door Policy in China

U.S. History

• Analyze the economic, military and security motivations of the U.S. to complete the Panama Canal as well as major obstacles involved in its construction.

Florida Standard SS.912.A.4.4

• A. McKinley’s VP 2nd term• B. McKinley shot in Buffalo• 1. TR becomes youngest pres at 42 • 2. never meant to be Prez• a. Jazzed up ticket in 1900• C. TR’s beliefs (progressive)• 1. duty to help “less civilized”• 2. active in world affairs

I. T. Roosevelt becomes President

• A. Shorten Atlantic-Pacific distance• 1. Military/security:• 2. Economics:• B. French company had started canal• 1. gave up b/c bankrupt• 2. Sold rights to US• C. Panama part of Colombia• 1. US offered $10 million for “canal

zone”• 2. Rejected• 3. Encouraged Panama rebels to revolt• D. Made deal with free Panama

II. Building Panama Canal

• A. Monroe Doctrine (1823):• 1. R. Corollary: US would intervene in

Latin America in cases involving stability of the hemisphere (officially “big brother”)

III. Roosevelt Corollary

1. What was the economic motivation for the Panama Canal?

2. What was the military/security motivation for Panama Canal?

3. Why did we choose Panama as the location of the canal?

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS, Pt. 3