change :: resilience :: fhwa perspectives · change :: resilience :: fhwa perspectives a...

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Future Interstate Study Change :: Resilience :: FHWA perspectives

A Presentation by

Joe Krolak, P.E. Principal Hydraulic Engineer

FHWA Washington DC

27 March 2017

Listening Session

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• Where Are We? • Quick Current Snapshot

• How Did We Get Here? • Milestones & Lessons

• A System of Change • Beyond Status Quo

• Conclusions & Takeaways

FHWA, Change, & Resilience

Interstates :: Overview

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Interstates :: Our Partners

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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration 4

• Count: 57,309 • Rural: 25,176 • Urban: 32,133 • Over Water: 22,973

• Averages • Year Built: 1973 (44 years) • Reconstructed : 1993 (24 years) • Traffic Lanes: 3 • Daily Traffic: 36,540 vehicles • % Trucks: 17%

Bridges :: A Microcosm of a System

Interstates :: Where We Are – A Quick Snapshot …

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2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

14,000

Number of Interstate Bridges Built and Reconstructed

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Source: 2016 NBI

614,387 Bridges 509,358 over water

57,309 Interstate 22,973 over water

Interstates :: Bridges over Time …

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Interstates :: How Did We Get Here?

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Presidential terms and some milestones on our journey …

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Interstates :: Change

A Federal Design Standard Designs for all Interstate culverts and bridges over streams shall … accommodate floods at least as great as that for a 50-year frequency or the greatest flood of record, whichever is the greater, with the runoff based on the land development expected in the watershed 20 years hence ....”

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Policy and Procedure Memorandum 20-4 Bureau of Public Roads

August 10,1956

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Interstates :: Uncertainty

1 April 1962 :: I-29 Bridge on Big Sioux River

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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

National Bridge Inspection Standards

Interstates :: Safety

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1974 :: FHWA Floodplain Regulation

Interstates :: Risk

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1977 :: Executive Order 11988

Interstates :: Integrating NEPA & Floodplains

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I-90 – Schoharie Creek - Surface Transportation and Uniform Relocation Assistance Act

Interstates :: Not Done Yet!

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration 13

I-5 – 1994 Northridge Earthquake

Efficiency Act of 1991

Interstates :: Ending an Era

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Example: Floodplains & Transportation

Interstates :: Status Quo

• Part of Planning Process • Alignment with NEPA on

projects • 200,000 Bridges built using

floodplain regulation • Informs Construction,

Maintenance, and ER activities

• Integrated in State DOT & AASHTO approaches

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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration 15

Aging Infrastructure & Natural Events

Interstates :: End of Status Quo?

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2003-2004-2005 :: Coastal Storm Events

Interstates :: Resilience to Coastal Events

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2008

Outcomes :: Coastal Studies & Guidance

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I-35W – Mississippi River (2007)

Interstates :: Managing Assets & Risk

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I-40 – Rockslide (2009)

Interstates :: GeoHazards

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I-20 – Iowa Flooding (2011)

Interstates :: Pavements

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Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century

Interstates :: An Imperative for Change

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

FHWA Responses :: Policy

• FHWA Order 5520 Transportation System Preparedness and Resilience to Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events

• Defines & places context of “Extreme Events”

• FHWA decides what are appropriate scientific approaches

• FHWA “Eligibility Memo”

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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

FHWA Response :: Looking at Project Delivery

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Goal: Mainstream consideration of risk, resilience, and future conditions in transportation decision making

Planning • Long Range

Transportation Plans

• Asset Management Plans

Project Level • Environmental

Processes • Engineering • Design

Operations and Maintenance • Emergency Relief • Snow Removal

Programs

Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Resolution map: Warren Washington, NCAR http://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/climate-modeling

Resolutions T42: 120 x 180 miles Mid-1990’s T85: 60 x 90 miles Current T170 & T340 Future

not to scale

While advancing in complexity, global climate models currently lack required fidelity needed by engineers

FHWA Response: Understanding Science (and limits)

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2011 2013 2014 2015 2016

FHWA Response :: Studies, Pilots, & Case Studies

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FHWA Response :: New Technical Resources

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EDC-4 – Collaborative Hydraulics: Advancing to the Next Generation of Engineering

FHWA Response :: Encourage New Technologies

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Interstates :: What’s Next?

Make it resilient!

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Support :: Future Interstate Study activities

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Outreach :: Engage our Partners!

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Safety Hydraulics Geotech Structures U.S. Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration

Focus :: Direction from Leadership!

Photo Source: WhiteHouse.gov

New Administration, new Opportunities

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Questions?