challenges and changes

Created by Melissa Sutton

Third Grade

2010 – 2011

South Carolina Rebuilds

Chapter Nine

Lesson 1: Life After Reconstruction

New Challenges: Laws were passed that made it

difficult for African Americans to vote. Laws were passed that favored white landowners.

On the Move Railroad transportation

systems grew and goods were shipped from Charleston to New York City.

The invention of the automobile allowed people and goods to move across the state more quickly.

Many African Americans OUTMIGRATED to the North to find factory jobs.

Changes in Industry: By 1910 South Carolina was the leading textile-

producing state.

Mill towns were built to attract workers.

Mill conditions: Dirty and unhealthy; worked 12 hours a day

Some mill towns had no running water or sewers

Mill towns had schools but most children worked

Children as young as eight would work in mills until 1903 when a bill was passed saying that no child under the age of 10 could work in a mill.

http://www.snolabor.org/pages/textile.htm

Lesson 1: Life After Reconstruction

1868 Constitution stated there would be free schools

so many new schools opened, but schools were still separated by race, this is called SEGREGATION.

http://remembersegregation.org/

South Carolinians worked to preserve the state’s cultural treasures and traditions by:

Preserving historic buildings, documents, paintings, and spirituals

Supporting the work of writers, artists, and architects

Constructed buildings for opera, dance, and theater

Lesson 2: Daily Life

Using a Locator Map

A LOCATOR MAP is an inset map, or a small map that shows how a place fits into another place.

Look for TWO things: The big picture

The place on the locator map the has a box, circle, or some kind of shading that sets the area apart

The government passed laws that allowed landowners to

borrow money so they could plant crops.

Laws made it hard for African American men to vote even though they had SUFFRAGE, the right to vote.

Grandfather clause and reading tests

Jim Crow Laws segregated black and white people.

http://www.pbs.org/wnet/jimcrow/segregation.html

DISCRIMINATION is the act of treating one group of people differently than another group.

Farming organizations were created to help struggling farmers.

Lesson 3: New Challenges

South Carolina in the 1900s

Chapter Ten

The Progressive Movement:

Wanted to REFORM, or make better, local communities

Improved schools, built libraries and hospitals, supported community improvements

SUFFRAGISTS, those who work to gain the right to vote, fought to win voting rights for American women

A child labor law was passed that stated children under the age of 14 were not allowed to work in factories, mills, and mines.

Lesson 1: A New Century

World War I: Began in 1914

President Woodrow Wilson wanted the U.S. to remain NEUTRAL, or to not take sides in a war, but once U.S. ships were attacked the U.S. declared war on Germany

Allies: Great Britain, France, and Russia fought against Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey

Army training camps were built in the Midlands and Up Country

54,000 South Carolinians served in the war

The government RATIONED, or limited, the amount of food and fuel each family received.

Demand grew for cotton and textiles

Lesson 1:A New Century

After World War I:

Cotton prices fell; too much was produced

Drought struck

Boll Weevils destroyed cotton crops

The Great Migration:

Large groups of African Americans left South Carolina to find jobs in the North because of discrimination and lack of work

Lesson 1:A New Century

Lesson 2: Boom Times, Hard Times

Roaring Twenties: Economy was booming: People were buying

automobiles, radios, refrigerators, and telephones

Flappers; Charleston - dance

Struggling Farmers: Cotton crops were

destroyed by the boll weevil and droughts

Money borrowed could not be paid back

Lesson 2: Boom Times, Hard Times

The Great Depression:

DEPRESSION means a slow down in business activity that puts many people out of work

Began in 1929; almost one half of U.S. banks failed

Many people lost their jobs and savings

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt created programs known as the New Deal: Civilian Conservation Corp (CCC)

built roads and state parks, planted trees, and helped to prevent fires

Brought electricity to many regions and improvements to farming

World War II:

Began in 1939

Axis Powers: Germany, Japan, and Italy

Allied Powers: Great Britain, France and the Soviet Union

U.S. tried to stay neutral until Japan attacked Pearl Harbor

Provided jobs; women went to work

Supplies such as sugar, red meat, shoes, tires, and gasoline were rationed

Recycled metal to make weapons

Lesson 2: Boom Times, Hard Times

African Americans helped in the war effort and

hoped to gain CIVIL RIGHTS, or rights that the U.S. Constitution promises all citizens

Clarendon County parents argued that schools were separate but not equal.

Brown vs. the Board of Education’s ruling

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. led many peaceful civil rights marches and demonstrations and made the whole country aware of the struggle.

Lesson 3: Civil Rights

Lesson 3: Civil Rights

Civil Rights Act:

Passed in 1964

Outlawed segregation in schools and other public places

Called for equal rights for all people in the workplace

Voting Rights Act:

Passed in 1965

Outlawed ways to keep African Americans from voting