centres and peripheries in ottoman architecture: rediscovering a balkan heritage, ed. maximilian...

Report

Post on 28-Jul-2015

1.618 Views

Category:

Documents

3 Downloads

Preview:

Click to see full reader

DESCRIPTION

“We are pleased to herewith present the proceedings of the symposium Centres and peripheries in Ottoman architecture: rediscovering a Balkan heritage, organized by Cultural Heritage without Borders (CHwB) in Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina, on April 22-25, 2010 ... [They] are not only meant as a record of the symposium, but also as a springboard for future studies of, and ultimately a renewed interest in, this heritage. As Hartmuth stresses at the beginning of his paper, it has been a problem that this heritage was, at least in recent years, more often addressed as an identity marker than as an object of art-historical interest. In the past, various kinds of borders – linguistic, physical, methodological, or ideological – had obstructed the full appreciation of these monuments in their artistic and historical contexts. Now it is time to put the study of this heritage back on the map and realign it with contemporary debates in history and art history. Hartmuth proposes an axis of investigation along centres and peripheries as one possible strategy for rescuing this heritage from invisibility, hence the symposium’s theme. This, Hartmuth argues, has the potential of investing the Balkan monuments with a novel significance in narratives of Ottoman architectural history, in which they have been neglected. Similar issues are raised by Mårtelius, who focuses on the Balkan architectural heritage’s place in European discourses on history and culture … The remainder of the papers contribute by providing case studies which shed light on processes and phenomena relevant to understanding the Ottoman architectural heritage outside Istanbul. Machiel Kiel presents the first in-depth study of the little-known Herzegovinian phenomenon of minarets in the shape of campanili. Grigor Boykov discusses the role of architectural foundations in three Balkan cities’ development in the early Ottoman period. Ibolya Gerelyes provides a survey of past and present efforts in the study of Hungary’s Ottoman architectural heritage, including the promising field of archaeology. Federica Broilo similarly takes a fieldwork approach to the study of Ottoman Balkan monuments, discussing unknown or little known monuments in Greek Macedonia. Mehmet Z. İbrahimgil turns our attention to a rather curious compound that evolved around a mosque built in a seaman’s honour in the city of Rhodes. In a paper technically unrelated to the Balkans, but discussing a number of themes touched upon in this volume’s other papers, Marianne Boqvist looks at the architecture of Ottoman waystations in historical Syria, and the question of provincial vs. metropolitan style. Ćazim Hadžimejlić discusses one specific architectural element, the mihrab or prayer niche, and its theological and artistic significance in Bosnia and elsewhere. Mirza Hasan Ćeman addresses the question of northern Bosnian urban settlements planned by the late Ottoman state. These towns, designed on a regular grid, were to house Muslims evacuated from neighbouring Serbia in 1862-3. Nenad Makuljević writes of the architecture in the post-1839 period of Ottoman reforms. Lejla Bušatlić discusses the negotiation of “old” and “new,” of traditions, survivals, and revivals, in the architecture of Bosnian city residences around 1900. Zeynep Ahunbay and Vjekoslava Sanković Simčić, finally, report of recent restorations of two 16th-century mosques – one in Kosovo, the other in Herzegovina – and the challenges met in this process.”

TRANSCRIPT

!"#$%&'('()#&'*#&'+#(,(-./0$.1-+(0&2'%#1%,&'3((

!"#$%&#.(0$4()#&')2#&'#.('$(5%%-/0$(0&62'%#6%,&#3(

7(!"#$%&'()809'/':'0$(;0&%/,%2

Cultural Heritage without Borders is an independent organization based in Sweden dedicated to rescuing and preserving tangible and intangible cultural heritage touched by conflict, neglect or human and natural disasters. We see our work as a vital contribution to building democracy and supporting human rights. CHwB is neutral when it comes to conflicting parties, but not to the rights of all people to their cultural heritage.

<4'%-&(7(=&#4$'13(

>#)-&%(?#&'#.(7(@AB+#C%0+(D&-+(EFGHIH

J0$K,0K#(#4'%'$K(DL(7(M#1.%()&#K:#40:'3)

N&'$%'$K(7(O%0/)03)

P#.'$K(DL(7(P'A0+$3)

))

11.............................................................................................................................................. Preface

15..........................................................................................................................................Predgovor

18..........................................................................................................................Maximilian Hartmuth The history of centre-periphery relations as a history of style in Ottoman provincial architecture

Historija odnosa centar-periferija kao historija stila u arhitekturi osmanskih provincija

30..................................................................................................................................Johan Mårtelius Ottoman European architectureOsmanska europska arhitektura

36....................................................................................................................................Grigor Boykov Reshaping urban space in the Ottoman Balkans: a study on the architectural development of Edirne,

Plovdiv, and Skopje (14th-15th centuries)Transformacija urbanog prostora na osmanskom Balkanu: studija o arhitektonskom razvoju Jedrena,

Plovdiva i Skoplja (od 14. do 15.vijeka)

50.................................................................................................................................. Ibolya Gerelyes Ottoman architecture in Hungary: new discoveries and perspectives for research

Osmanska arhitektura u Ma!arskoj: nova otki"a i perspektive za istra#ivanja

60.......................................................................................................................................Machiel Kiel The campanile-minarets of the southern Herzegovina: a blend of Islamic and Christian elements

in the architecture of an outlying border area of the Balkans, its spread in the past and survival until our timeZvonici-minareti u jugoisto$ne Hercegovine: spoj elemenata islama i kri%"anstva u

arhitekturi pograni$nog pojasa Balkanskog poluostrva, njihovo %irenje u pro%losti i opstanak do sada%njeg vremena

80............................................................................................................................... Marianne Boqvist “Centre” and “periphery” in the Syrian countryside:

the architecture of mosques in governmental foundations on the Ottoman imperial roads“Centri” i “periferije” u Sirijskoj pokrajini:

arhitektura d#amija u zadu#binama upravitelja na sultanskim cestama

Content / Sadr!aj

90...................................................................................................................................Federica Broilo The forgotten Ottoman heritage of Florina on the River Sakoulevas,

and a little known Ottoman building on the shore of Lake Volvis in Greek MacedoniaZaboravljeno osmansko naslije!e Florina na rijeci Sakoulevas i manje poznata

osmanska gra!evina na obali jezera Volvis u Egejskoj Makedoniji

98.................................................................................................................Vjekoslava Sankovi! Sim"i! The restoration of the mosque of Had#i Alija in Po$itelj

Restauracija Had#i Alijine d#amije u Po$itelju

108..............................................................................................................................Zeynep Ahunbay Ottoman architecture in Kosova and the restoration of Hadum Mosque in Gjakovo (&akovica)

Osmanska arhitektura na Kosovu i restauracija Hadum d#amije u 'akovici

118............................................................................................................................ Nenad Makuljevi! Dr#ava, dru%tvo i vizuelna kultura: poznoosmanska arhitektura u Srbiji, Makedoniji i Bosni i Hercegovini

State, society, and visual culture: late Ottoman architecture in Serbia, Macedonia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina

122.................................................................................................................................... Lejla Bu#atli! Transformacije gradske ku"e orijentalnog tipa u postosmankom periodu na podru$ju Bosne i Hercegovine

The transformation of the oriental-type urban house in post-Ottoman Bosnia and Herzegovina

136........................................................................................................................ Mirza Hasan $eman Urgentne urbane intervencije osmanske vlasti na podru$ju Bosne i Hercegovine nakon 1860. godine

Urban interventions by the Ottoman state in Bosnia-Herzegovina after 1860

152...........................................................................................................................$azim Had%imejli! Mihrabi u Bosni i Hercegovini

Mihrabs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

162....................................................................................................................... Mehmet Z. Ibrahimgil Jedan osvrt na objekte kompleksa Murad Reis-a na Rodosu

A survey of objects within the Murad Reis compound in Rhodes

11

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Preface

!"#$%"#&'"$(")!"#!$%&%'("$!)&%*%+"!"$%!)&#,%%-(+.*!#/ !"$%!*01)#*(21!!"#$%"&'(#)'*"%+*,"%+"&'+#'-$$./0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"3'%")+&1.4"%+#5'('6(78(#',"%+$(5"3!#&.4+(5%-!60!728"2&48!9%&("4.%!'("$#2"!:#&-%&*!;79':<!(+!=4&4>%?#3!:#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43!#+!A)&(8!BB@BC3!BDEDF!G#&!79':3!4!='%-(*$!/#2+-4"(#+3!"$%!,$#(,%!

(+!&%*)#+*%!"#!"$%!-%*"&2,"(#+!#/ !,28"2&48!$%&("4.%!(+!"$%!'4H%!#/ !I2.#*84?(4J*!-(*(+"%.&4"(#+K!79':!'4*!/#2+-%-!/#88#'(+.!"$%!(+("(4"(?%!#/ !4!+216%&!#/ !='%-(*$!4&,$("%,"*3!>#2&+48(*"*3!4+-!#"$%&!,28"2&%!)&#/%**(#+48*F!L$%! /#&148! /#2+-(+.! #/ !79':! 4*! 4+! #&.4+(54"(#+!'4*! *2))#&"%-! 60! 4! +216%&! #/ !(+*"("2"(#+*!4+-!)&#1(+%+"! (+-(?(-248*3!41#+.!'$(,$!4&%!"$%!='%-(*$!M4"(#+48!9%&("4.%!:#4&-3! "$%!!='%-(*$!A**#,(4"(#+!#/ !A&,$("%,"*3!?4&(#2*!12*%21!4**#,(4"(#+*3!4+-!"'#!='%-(*$!NO*F!L$%!4(1!'4*!

G&#1!"$%!#+*%"3!$#'%?%&3!79':J*!/#,2*!$4*!6%%+!#+!"$%!)$0*(,48!&%*"#&4"(#+!#/ !-414.%-!$(*"#&(,48!1#+21%+"*3! (+! 8(+%!'("$!"$%!$(.$%*"! (+"%&+4"(#+48!*"4+-4&-*!4+-!(&&%*)%,"(?%!#/ !1#+21%+"3!)%&(#-3!

4!128"("2-%!#/ !8%?%8*!(*!(1)%&4"(?%!/#&!("*!1(**(#+!(+!=#2"$%4*"!P2&#)%!(/ !"$%!#2",#1%!(*!"#!6%!*2*"4(+@468%F!79':!)&#>%,"*!4&%!+#"!,#+,%(?%-!4*!,#*1%"(,!(+"%&?%+"(#+*3!62"!4*!(+?%*"1%+"*!(+!-%?%8#)1%+"F!

4+-!/#*"%&(+.!*#,(48!4+-!%,#+#1(,!-%?%8#)1%+"!"$&#2.$!"$%!2"(8(54"(#+!#/ !8#,48!&%*#2&,%*3!79':!4(1*!"#!)&#1#"%!4!,28"2&%!#/ !)%4,%!4+-!&%,#+,(8(4"(#+FQ4"$%&!"$4+!4!1%&%!4,4-%1(,!)2&*2("3!"$%!,#+/%&%+,%!!"#$%"&'(#)'*"%+*,"%+"&'+#'-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"3'%")+&/

1.4"%+#5'('6(78(#',"%+$(5"!'4*!*(1(84&80!4+!%R%&,(*%!(+!,4)4,("0@62(8-(+.F!S"!&%?(*("%-!(+!.&%4"%&!-%"4(8!*#1%!-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"'(#)'92%.*"(#',"%+$(5"3'#&.4+(5%-!(+!M#@

-%*(.+4"%-!4(1!'4*!"#!-%*(.+!4+!%?%+"!"$%!"$%1%!#/ !'$(,$!(*!1%4+(+./28!6#"$!"#!,2&&%+"!(+"%&+4"(#+48!

79':!4,"(?("(%*!(+!"$%!:48H4+*3!'$%&%!("!$4-!62(8"!4!+%"'#&H!#/ !*,$#84&*!4+-!%R)%&"*!#?%&!"$%!0%4&*F!S"!'4*!48*#!,8%4&!"$4"!"$%!,#+/%&%+,%!12*"!6&(+.!"#.%"$%&!*,$#84&*!/&#1!"$%!&%.(#+!4+-!/&#1!%8*%'$%&%!

:28.4&(43!4+-!#+%!%4,$!/&#1!"$%!TU3!S"4803!92+.4&03!4+-!='%-%+<F!=(1(84&803!"$4"!"$%!,#+/%&%+,%!("*%8/ !'4*!+#"!"#!6%!$%8-!46&#4-!62"!(+!"$%!?%&0!&%.(#+!"$4"!'4*!("*!*26>%,"!'4*!(+"%+-%-!4*!4!*(.+48F!V(?%+!"$%!+4"2&%!#/ !79':J*!)4*"!4,"(?("(%*!(+!"$%!&%.(#+3!("!'4*!48*#!,8%4&!"$4"!"$%!%?%+"!*$#28-!6%!#&.4+(5%-!

)&#.&41F!S+!"$%!)&%)4&4"(#+*!/#&!"$%!*01)#*(213!'$(,$!"##H!)84,%!(+!"$%!G4,28"0!#/ !O$(8#*#)$0J*!42-(@

12

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

#&.4+(54"(#+48!-%R"%&("0!'4*!,#1)&#1(*%-!+#"!%?%+!60!4+!S,%84+-(,!?#8,4+#3!"$%!%&2)"(#+!#/ !'$(,$!,#(+,(-%-!'("$!"$%!'%%H!#/ !"$%!%?%+"F!L$%!*01)#*(21J*!#)%+(+.!%?%+"!'4*!#&.4+(5%-!(+!,##)%&4"(#+!'("$3!4+-!#+!"$%!)&%1(*%*!#/3!"$%!W%148>*H(!N25%>!(+!=4&4>%?#3!'("$!'$(,$!79':!$4-!)4&"+%&%-!#+!)&%?(#2*!#,,4*(#+*3X4*"803!("!'4*!-%"%&1(+%-!"$4"!"$%!)4)%&*!.(?%+!4"!"$%!*01)#*(21!12*"!6%!)268(*$%-3!4+-!"$(*!6&(+.*!

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

@

4+-!,28"2&%F!A!H%0!/#&!"$%*%!1#+21%+"*J!6%""%&!(+"%.&4"(#+!(+"#!"$%!$(*"#&(,48!+4&&4"(?%*!#/ ![%*"%&+3!

?#821%!'(88!6%!4+!(+*"&21%+"!(+!"$(*!)&#,%**F

"$%!:48H4+!1#+21%+"*J!,2&&%+"!)84,%!(+!$(*"#&(%*!#/ !4&"!4*!4!)&#68%1!"$4"!-%*%&?%*!4""%+"(#+F!L$%0!)#(+"!"#!"$%!+%,%**("0!#/ !&%"$(+H(+.!"$%!*,#)%!4+-!1%"$#-*!#/ !)&%?(#2*!(+Y2(&0F!L$%!&%14(+-%&!#/ !"$%!)4)%&*!,#+"&(62"%!60!)&#?(-(+.!,4*%!*"2-(%*!'$(,$!*$%-!8(.$"!#+!)&#,%**%*!4+-!)$%+#1%+4!&%8%?4+"!

(+@-%)"$!*"2-0!#/ !"$%!8(""8%@H+#'+!9%&5%.#?(+(4+!)$%+#1%+#+!#/ !1(+4&%"*!(+!"$%!*$4)%!#/ !,41)4+(8(F!V&(.#&!:#0H#?!-(*,2**%*!"$%!&#8%!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&48!/#2+-4"(#+*!(+!"$&%%!:48H4+!,("(%*J!-%?%8#)1%+"!(+!

"#!4!&4"$%&!,2&(#2*!,#1)#2+-!"$4"!%?#8?%-!4&#2+-!4!1#*Y2%!62(8"!(+!4!*%414+J*!$#+#2&!(+!"$%!,("0!#/ !Q$#-%*F!S+!4!)4)%&!"%,$+(,4880!2+&%84"%-!"#!"$%!:48H4+*3!62"!-(*,2**(+.!4!+216%&!#/ !"$%1%*!"#2,$%-!

0+,%(:'

13

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"$@,%+"2&0!1#*Y2%*!Z!#+%!(+!U#*#?#3!"$%!#"$%&!(+!9%&5%.#?(+4!Z!4+-!"$%!,$488%+.%*!1%"!(+!"$(*!)&#,%**FG#&!&%4*#+*!#2"8(+%-!46#?%3!("!'4*!(1)%&4"(?%!/#&!"$%!#&.4+(5%&*!"#!)268(*$!"$%!)&#,%%-(+.*!4*!*'(/"80!

4*!)#**(68%3!'("$(+!"$%!*41%!0%4&!4*!"$%!*01)#*(21F!A*!4!8%**!"(1%@(+"%+*(?%!48"%&+4"(?%!"#!"$%!)&#)%&!"&4+*84"(#+!#/ !488!"%R"*!4+-!"$%(&!*(128"4+%#2*!)268(,4"(#+!(+!"$%!,#+/%&%+,%J*!84+.24.%*!Z!P+.8(*$!4+-!:#*+(4+\7&#4"(4+\=%&6(4+!Z!'%!$4?%!#)"%-!/#&!6(8(+.248!46*"&4,"*!,#1)#*%-!60!"$%!%-("#&3!(+!'$(,$!

)4)%&*3!'%!$4?%!(+"%&?%+%-!"#!"$%!8%4*"!)#**(68%!%R"%+"3!488#'(+.!/#&!)%&*#+48!#)(+(#+*!4+-!(+"%&)&%"4@

)4&"(,()4+"*!4+-!"$%!,#+"&(62"#&*!"#!"$(*!?#821%3!4+-!%R)&%**!#2&!$#)%!"$4"!"$%!)&%*%+"!)268(,4"(#+!1(.$"!"&(..%&!&%84"%-!(+("(4"(?%*!(+!"$%!/2"2&%F![$4"!"$%!"%R"*!*$#'!2*!(*!$#'!12,$!,4+!*"(88!6%!8%4&+%-!46#2"!"$(*!$%&("4.%F

;(%5(%"$('<2&=#';=%,&%"4&0!V%+%&48!#/ !79':<>.,(#';?%$"7+2&';79':!6#4&-!1%16%&<;(@+0+7+(#'<(%$02$,';%-("#&<

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

15

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

*$)+,+'-(.,+#/$0#-" @

6%5!.&4+(,4!2!=4&4>%?23!:#*+4! (!9%&,%.#?(+43!2!)%&(#-2!#-!BBF!-#!BCF!4)&(84F!W4!]?%-*H2!/#+-4,(>2!

&%*"42&(&4>2!$(*"#&(>*H(!#6>%H"(3!+%.#!-4!*%!)#-2)&%!!)&#,%*!)#1(&%+>4F!O&?4!H4+,%84&(>4!(5?4+!^?%-*H%!>%!

@

@("%"43!79':!)&#1#?(&4!H28"2&2!1(&4!(!)#?>%&%+>4F

@

@

.#?#&+(H4!(5!:#*+%!(!9%&,%.#?(+%3!"&(!(5!L2&*H%3!-?#>%!(5!:2.4&*H%3!(!#-!)#!>%-+#.!.#?#&+(H4!(5!_%8(H%!

54!$(*"#&(>2!21>%"+#*"(!#*+#?4+!BDDBF!.#-(+%!)&(!G(8#5#/*H#1!/4H28"%"23!T+(?%&5("%"4!2!=4&4>%?23!H#>(!

Predgovor

16

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@"(&4#!*%-1(,2!)&(>%!*41%!H#+/%&%+,(>%F!=41#!#"?4&4+>%!H#+/%&%+,(>%!>%!6(8#!#&.4+(5#?4+#!)&#*"#&(>414!W%148>*H#.!125%>4!2!=4&4>%?23!-2.#.#-(]+>%.!)4&"+%&4!79':@4F

@64>2!(!#6>4?("(3!(!#?#!+4*!)#+#?+#!-#?#-(!+4!"%12!(5.&4-+>%!H4)4,("%"4F!M41>%&4!(54!*41%!)268(H4,(>%!+%!

@

@>*H#1!H#+"%H*"2F!=4-4!>%!?&(>%1%!-4!*%!*41%!*"2-(>%!#6+#?%!(!-4!*%!2*H84-%!*4!*4?&%1%+(1!-(*H2*(>414!2!

@

*41#1!)&#,%*2F@

)&#,%*!H#>(!>%!+%#)$#-+#!*$?4"("(3!H4H#!6(!*%!)#>1(#!/%+#1%+!&%8%?4+"4+!54!&4521(>%?4+>%!#*14+*H#.!

@"&4!28#.2!4&$("%H"#+*H($!2"(,4>4!2! &45?#>2! "&(!648H4+*H4!.&4-4!2! &4+#1!#*14+*H#1!)%&(#-2F! S6#804!

@

@"%H"2&2!#*14+*H($!*?&4"(]"4!2!$(*"#&(>*H#>!=(&(>(!(!*41#!)("4+>%!)&#?(+,(>*H#.!+4*)&41!*"(84!1%"&#)#8%F!

17

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

)#")2+#1!)&%?#-2!*?($!"%H*"#?4!+4!>%5(H%!H#+/%&%+,(>%!Z!%+.8%*H(!(!6#*4+*H(\$&?4"*H(\*&)*H(!Z!1(!*1#!

@

;(%5(%"$('<2&=#';V%+%&48+(!*%H&%"4&!79':@4<>.,(#';?%$"7+2&';(@+0+7+(#'<(%$02$,';2&%-+(H<

D)(,7'V"')(.'#"0V"%7V+4').*%+#.&'%(X4.V2'(8$+4#.&$+'!<P6/('#('X(*()#.0'6(78(#2N'Y.#B"%"#1+V('2'U(%(V"42'V"'

%(X4.V'+'&(%()#V2'EU+)(LM'+'&(').*%+#.&+0('*.%.)+1"'D)(,7N

18

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

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̂'(@+&'.B '+#4"&$+5($+.#M'(#)'$.'P,($'"@$"#$'+$'1(#',"7*'$%(18'(#)'"@*7(+#'1,(#5"N'T,"'(2$,.%'27$+0($"7R'&255"&$&'$,($'$,+&',"%+$(5"'+&M'$.'('5..)'"@$"#$M'$,"'4"%R'%"&27$'.B '1,(#5+#5'1"#$%"/*"%+*,"%R'%"7($+.#&'P+$,+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'%"(70_',"'&$(8"&'.2$'B.2%':%.()'*"%+.)&'+#'P,+1,'1"#$%"/*"%+*,"%R'%"7($+.#&',(4"'+#B.%0")'1.#1"*$2(7')"&+5#'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'6(78(#&'+#')+BB"%"#$'P(R&N

/

/

#"%(4#.0V"%#+,'.)#.&(N'\()+V"'#"5.')('*%.&$.' $"&$+%('.42' $".%+V2' +'#V"#2'*%+0V"#V+4.&$'#('.&0(#&8./:(78(#&8+'

Maximilian Hartmuth

The his tory of cent re -per iphery re la -t ions as a his tory of s ty le in Ot toman provincia l archi tec ture

His tor i ja odnosa centar -per i fer i ja kao his tor i ja s t i la u arh i tek tur i osmanskih provinci ja

19

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!"#$%&'%#(!$)&*$"$%!,#+/%&%+,%!"("8%-!!"#$%"&'(#)'*"%+*,"%+"&'+#'-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"3'%")+&1.4"%+#5'('6(78(#',"%+$(5"3!'$(,$!"##H!)84,%!(+!=4&4>%?#!#+!A)&(8!BB@BC3!BDED3!4+-!#+!'$(,$!"$(*!)4)%&!'4*!

#/ !*#1%!/2+-41%+"48!)&#68%1*!/4,%-!60!"$#*%!

@"4.%J*! (+*"&21%+"48(54"(#+! (+! (-%+"("0! )#8("(,*3!'$(,$!$4*!14-%!,28"2&48!1#+21%+"*!4!"4&.%"!(+!

12+(,()48!-%1#8("(#+!,41)4(.+*3!#&!Z!8%**!-&4*@"(,!62"!*(1(84&80!,#+*%Y2%+"(48!Z!*(1)80!&%*28"%-!

"$(*!$4*!&%*28"%-!(+!4+!(+,#1)8%"%!4&,$("%,"2&48!&%,#&-3! 4! )&#68%1! +#"! /4,%-! "#! 4! ,#1)4&468%!-%.&%%!603!*403!*"2-%+"*!#/ !:4&#Y2%!4&,$("%,"2&%!

(&'(%$''4*!#/"%+!&%8%.4"%-!"#!4!)#*("(#+!(+/%&(#&!"#!("*!4))&4(*48!4*!4+!(-%+"("0!14&H%&F!L$(*!,#+/%&%+,%!

@

(7&.')&#1#"(+.!"$%!*"2-0!#/ !"$4"!4&,$("%,"2&%!(+!("*!$(*"#&(,48!4+-!4&"(*"(,!-(1%+*(#+*F!A!*%,#+-!H%0!)&#68%13!4+-!#+%!"$4"!(*!"$(*!)4)%&J*!/#,2*3!,#+,%&+*! "$%! )84,%! #/ ! "$%! :48H4+*! 4+-! #"$%&!

E!N2,$!#/ ! "$(*! "#)(,J*! *"4+-4&-! 8("%&4"2&%!,84(1*!

:+7)+%+7"%++)"0

(+K!;.#20"#$&M' *($%.#&M' 1.#$"@$&3' *(*"%&' .#' -$$.0(#'92%.*"' *%"&"#$")' $.';(1,+"7' Y+"7M%"$%&84+-*!S+*"("2"%!/#&!"$%!M%4&!P4*"3!BDED3!))F!C@E`F

#&! (1)8(%*! "$4"! "$(*!6#-0!#/ !1#+21%+"*!-#%*!+#"! &%4880!1%&("! (+,82*(#+! (+! "$%! ,4+#+F! G&#1!4! 14(+*"&%41! )%&*)%,"(?%3! "$(*! (*! +#"! %+"(&%80!

/&#1!4"!8%4*"!4/"%&!"$%!EC"$!,%+"2&0!,4++#"!,#1@)%"%!(+!*(5%!#&!*#)$(*"(,4"(#+!'("$!"$%(&!S*"4+628!,#2+"%&)4&"*F! [("$! "$%! )&%@%1(+%+"! +4&&4"(?%!1#-%8! 6%(+.! "$%! %?#82"(#+(*"3! 4&.2(+.! "$4"! (+@-(?(-248! )&#?(+,(48! 1#+21%+"*! -(-! ,#+"&(62"%!

@"#14+!4&,$("%,"2&%!4*!4!'$#8%3!4+-!'#28-!"$2*!

1#*Y2%*! 4+-!14&H%"! $488*3!,(00`0*! 4+-!,(#*3!4&%!&%)&%*%+"%-!4*!)&#?(+,(48! (1("4"(#+*!#/ ! "$%!,4)("48J*!84&.%&!4+-!1#&%!%846#&4"%!)&#"#"0)%*FB

@@

"#14+!4&,$("%,"2&48!$(*"#&03!4+-! "#!/#,2*! (+*"%4-!#+! "$%! '%88@*"2-(%-! 4+-! '%88@)&%*%&?%-! 1#+2@1%+"*! #/ ! S*"4+6283! P-(&+%3! 4+-! :2&*4F! A+#"$%&!&%*)#+*%!,#28-!6%!"#!4*H!/#&!"$%!&%4*#+*!/#&!"$(*!-(*,&%)4+,0F!L$(*!)4)%&!*%%H*!"#!"4H%!"$(*!Y2%*"(#+!#+%!*"%)!/2&"$%&!4+-!4*H!,.P'1#+21%+"*!#2"*(-%!"$%!,4)("48!;#&!,4)("48*<!1(#!6%!14-%!&%8%?4+"!"#!"$%!

'$(,$! "$%0!2+-#26"%-80! /#&1!)4&"!Z! 4!Y2%*"(#+!@

B! A2*"&(4+! 4+-! 92+.4&(4+! ,#11%+"4"#&*3! /#88#'(+.! "$%! 946*62&.!4++%R4"(#+!#/ ! *#1%!#/ ! "$%!)%+(+*284J*!+#&"$%&+! "%&&("#&(%*! (+! "$%!Ea"$ "$!,%+"2&(%*3!(+!)#(+"!#/ !/4,"!*%%1%-!&4"$%&!-(*4))#(+"%-!

A8$416&43!8%/"!60!"$%!N##&*!"#!"$%(&!7$&(*"(4+!*2,,%**#&*!(+!=)4(+F!

;.#20"#$&M'*($%.#&M'1.#$"@$&3!))F!EbE@a`F

20

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$%!"$%#&%"(,*!#/ !%,#+#1(,*!4+-!(1)%&(48(*1!"$2*!!I%"3!S!

4))&#4,$!/#&!("*!4))8(,46(8("0!"#!#2&!,#+"%R"!/#&!("*!#'+!*4H%F!Q4"$%&3!S!*%%H!"#!%R)8#&%!"#!'$4"!%R"%+"!#"P'H+#'8%-.%!,4+!6%!.%+%&4"%-!60!)2&*2(+.!"$%!4R(*!#/ ! (+?%*"(.4"(#+!)&#1#"%-!60! "$(*! 4+480"(,48!1#-%83! 4+-! "#!'$4"! %R"%+"! ("!$%8)*!2*! "&4,H!4+-!%R)84(+! ,$4+.%F! S+! -#(+.! *#3! S! '(88! *2..%*"! "$4"!"$(*!$%&("4.%!4*!*2,$!(*!"#!4!,#+*(-%&468%!%R"%+"!"$%!?%&0!&%*28"!#/ !,$4+.(+.!,%+"&%@)%&()$%&0!&%84"(#+*!

"$4"!8##H(+.!4"!"$(*!$%&("4.%!/&#1!"$%!)%&*)%,"(?%!#/ !,%+"&%@)%&()$%&0!-0+41(,*!$4*!"$%!)#"%+"(48!"#!

@

*"&2,"2&48! &%84"(#+*$()! 6%"'%%+! 4+! 4-?4+,%-!

,#2+"&03! %?%+! 4! *(+.8%! &%.(#+!'("$(+! 4! ,#2+"&03!#&!,4+!6%!4))8(%-!1#&%!6&#4-803!4*!$4*!6%%+!"$%!+#&1!(+!%,#+#1(,*3!"#!"$%!&%84"(#+*$()!6%"'%%+!-%?%8#)%-! 4+-! -%?%8#)(+.! *#,(%"(%*3! (+! '$(,$!,4*%!("!/#,2*%*!#+!"$%!-#1(+4"(#+!#/ !#+%!60!"$%!#"$%&F![$%"$%&!%,#+#1(,*3!*#,(#8#.03!#&!4&"!$(*@

)4&4-(.1!(*!"#!&%.4&-!64,H'4&-+%**3!2+-%&-%?%8@#)1%+"3!&%"4&-4"(#+3!#&!#"$%&!/#&1*!#/ ! 84,H!#/ !*0+,$&#+0!'("$!"$%!1%"&#)#8(*!+#"!4*!4!.(?%+!62"3!Y2("%!"#!"$%!,#+"&4&03!4*!4!)&#-2,"!#/ !"$(*!2+%?%+!&%84"(#+*$()F`48'40*!6%!2+-%&*"##-!(+!)2&%80!*)4"(48!"%&1*3!"$4"!

L$#14*N'T.P(%)'(' 5".5%(*,R'.B '(%$F!7$(,4.#K!T+(?%&*("0!#/ !7$(,4.#!O&%**3!BDD`3!%*)F!,$3!CF

-@B.%)' )+1$+.#(%R' .B '&.1+.7.5R

>.2%#(7' .B ' a"(1"' \"&"(%1,3!

4))8(%*!"$%*%!)&(+,()8%*!"#!"$%!*"2-0!#/ !EC"$@,%+"2&0!4&"!(+!S"4803!*%%!

C1$"&' )"'7(' %"1,"%1,"' "#' &1+"#1"&' &.1+(7"&

U$.%+(' )"77^C%$"' A$(7+(#(3! _#8F! SF! P-F!V(28(#!

C%$'+#'T%(#&7($+.#3!

(*3!(+!"$%!*%+*%!#/ !&%84"(#+*$()*!6%"'%%+!"'#!"%&@&("#&(48!2+("*F!S"!,4+!48*#!4))80!"#!-(*,#2&*%3!4*!"$%!V&%%H!4&"!$(*"#&(4+!M(H#*!94->(+(,#84#2!*#2.$"!

/&#1!"$%!74&#8(+.(4+*!2+"(8!"#-40!)82*!"$%!4&"!#/ !"$%!T=A!(+!"$%!BD"$ C!L$%!&%8%.4"(#+!(+!14(+*"&%41!4&"!$(*"#&0!#/ !4&"!)&#-2,%-!60!+#+@

(*!,84(1%-!60!94->(+(,#84#2!"#!6%!4!&%*28"!#/ !"$%!2+%?%+! &%84"(#+*$()! 4--&%**%-! 60! "$%! ,%+"&%*@)%&()$%&(%*!1#-%83!'("$!#+%!6%(+.!-#1(+4"%-!60!"$%!#"$%&Fc(*,2**(+.! ,%+"&%*! 4+-! )%&()$%&(%*! (+! -(*@

,#2&*%! *%%1*! %*)%,(4880! )%&"(+%+"! "#! "$%! *"2-0!

Y%+$+&1,"'6"%+1,$"

21

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!L&4-("(#+48803! "$(*! 4&@,$("%,"2&48!$%&("4.%!$4*!6%%+!4!)%&()$%&0!6#"$!(+!

@

"$4"!-%48(+.!'("$!P2&#)%F!S+!?(%'!#/ !"$%!:48H4+!1#+21%+"*J!)%&()$%&48!)#*("(#+!(+!$(*"#&(,48!+4&@

"$4"!"$%0!4&%!*#!8(""8%!H+#'+!%R4,"80!6%,42*%!#/ !"$(*! -#268%@)%&()$%&48("0F! S/ ! '%! ,#+*(-%&3! $#'@

X2H43!#&!X(?+#!4&%!;#&!'%&%<!"#!&%.(#+*!,#1)4&4@"(?%80!)&(?(8%.%-!(+!P2&#)%4+!4&"!$(*"#&(%*3!"$%+!4!)2&%80!.%#.&4)$(,48! 4&.21%+"!,4++#"!)&#?(-%!4!,#+,82*(?%!%R)84+4"(#+F!7#+?%&*%803!,#+*(-%&!"$%!4&,$("%,"2&%!#/ !"$%!Q%.(#+48!N2*%21!#/ !:#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43!(+!'$(,$!"$%!#)%+(+.!%?%+"!#/ !"$(*!*01)#*(21!"##H!)84,%K!("*!.&4+-!-%*(.+!/&#1!>2*"!6%/#&%![[S!*"4+-*!(+!*"4&H!,#+"&4*"!"#!:#*+(4J*!)%&()$%&48!%,#+#1(,!4+-!,28"2&48!)#*("(#+!(+!"$%!84"%!946*62&.!1#+4&,$0F!S+! "%&1*!#/ !*"08%!4+-!

(+*"%4-3!("!(*!4!*"4"%1%+"!60!"$%!,%+"&%!(+!"$%!)&#?@(+,%F!=(1(84&80!'%!140!4*H!'$0!"$%!=%8d1(0%3!"$%!

@,$("%,"!=(+e+J*!#%2?&%3!(*!+#"!8#,4"%-!(+!S*"4+6283!

@14+!,28"2&48!)&#-2,"(#+3!62"!(+!P-(&+%Fb!L$(*!'4*!4!62(8-(+.!+%("$%&!%R)&%**(?%!#/3!+#&!+%,%**("4"%-!

,4)("48F!S"!'4*!62(8"!4,,#&-(+.!"#!4!-%,(*(#+!4+-!4!-%*(.+!14-%!4"!"$%!,%+"&%!;S*"4+628<3!2*(+.!"$%!&%*#2&,%*!#/ ! "$%!,%+"&%3!4+-! (+!4!*#)$(*"(,4"(#+!'#&"$0!#/ !"$%!,%+"&%F!L$%*%!4&%!#+80!"'#!%R41@)8%*!#/ !'$0!4!)2&%80!*)4"(48!2+-%&*"4+-(+.!#/ !"$%!,%+"&%*@)%&()$%&(%*!1#-%8!-#%*!+#"!48'40*!6&(+.!

S+! '$4"! /#88#'*3! S! 4(1! "#! %R)8#&%! "#! '$4"!%R"%+"!"$%!,$4+.(+.!-0+41(,*!#/ !,%+"&%*@)%&()$@

@

P2&#)%4+!)&#?(+,%*F!L$(*!S!(+"%+-!"#!-#!60!*"4H@

*,&2"(+(5(+.! #&(%+"48(*"! 4+-! +4"(#+48(*"! 8%.4,(%*! (+! "$%! 4&,$("%,"2&48!;2](%#(&3!_#8F!ffS_!

T,"' (5"' .B ' U+#(#3'(%1,+$"1$2%(7'127$2%"'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'90*+%"F!X#+-#+K!Q%4H"(#+3!BDDC3!)F!

(+.!#2"! /#2&!6&#4-!)%&(#-*!#/ !,%+"&%@)%&()$%&0!&%84"(#+*! "$4"! -%"%&1(+%-! "$%! ,#+-("(#+*! #/ ! 4&@

4+-!(+!"%&1*!#/ !*"08%3!*,48%3!/2+,"(#+3!)4"&#+4.%3!4+-!%R%,2"(#+F!L$(*!Y24-&()4&"("%!*,$%1%3!$#'@%?%&3!-#%*!+#"!)&#)#*%!)%&(#-*!4*!"%1)#&48!2+("*!

X"+$5"+&$3!(+!'$(,$!4!.%+%&48!

*#8%80!64*%-!#+!)%&,%)"(#+*!#/ !*"&2,"2&48!,$4+.%!(+!*"08%F!Q4"$%&3!1#+21%+"*!;4+-!*"08%*<!4&%!$%&%!,84**%-! (+"#! )%&(#-*! 4,,#&-(+.! "#! ,$488%+.%*!/4,%-!60!"$%!(+-(?(-248*!4+-!,#112+("(%*!'$(,$!*)#+*#&%-! #&! 2*%-! "$%*%! 62(8-(+.*F! =#1%! #/ !"$%*%!,$488%+.%*3!S!4&.2%3!4&%!*)4"(4880!#&!"%1)#@

)&#1(*%!4!.&%4"%&!%R)84+4"#&0!)#"%+"(48!"$4+!+4&@&4"(?%*!#&.4+(5%-! *#8%80! 48#+.! ,#+,%)"*! *2,$! 4*!*"08%\/#&1!#&!42"$#&*$()Fa!S!14H%!+#!,84(1!4*!"#!"$(*!)%&(#-(54"(#+J*!?48(-("0!6%0#+-! "$%!1%-(21!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&%!#&!"$%!:48H4+!&%.(#+F!

&%/%&! "#! ?4&(#2*80! 4*! "$%! %4&803! 84"%!1%-(%?483! #&!)%&$4)*!%?%+!"$%!/&#+"(%&!)%&(#-3!6%.(+*!'("$!"$%!

"$%!1(-@E`"$!,%+"2&03!4+-!.&4-24880!*"4&"*!"#!'4+%!

"#!"$(*!%?%+"3!'$(,$!&%*28"%-!(+!"$%!(+*"("2"(#+!#/ !

'4*! )#80,%+"&(,F! :2&*43! 4+-! %?%+"24880! P-(&+%3!

48*#!%R(*"%-!4!+216%&!#/ !2&64+!,%+"&%*! (+!A*(4!N(+#&! 4+-! "$%!:48H4+*3! "$%! *"4+-(+.! #/ !'$(,$!

*2,,%**#&*3! '%! H+#'! 481#*"! +#"$(+.! 46#2"! "$%! 8(?%*! 4+-! '#&H*!"$! ,%+"2&0F! P?%+! '$%&%! 64*(,!

(+/#&14"(#+!(*!4?4(8468%3!"$%*%!4&,$("%,"*J!,#+"&(62"(#+!"#!"$%!-%*(.+!4+-! 4&,$("%,"2&48! )&#,%**! &%14(+*! 2+*%""8%-F! G#&! 4! &%,%+"! ,&("(Y2%!

%4&80! BD"$ ;2](%#(&

#/ ! )4"&#+4.%3! .&%4"80! 42.1%+"(+.! #2&! H+#'8%-.%! #/ ! ,#+,%)"248!-%*(.+!)&#,%**%*!4*!4!&%*28"F!S+!$%&!&%,%+"!1#+#.&4)$!C5"'.B 'U+#(#3!

8(/%"(1%! #/ ! =(+e+! +#"! (+! 4! ,$&#+#8#.(,48! #&! .%#.&4)$(,48!14++%&!62"!4,,#&-(+.!"#!)4"&#+4.%!8%?%8*3!"$%&%60!)&#?(+.!"$4"!,#+,%)"248!

22

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

/##-FEB +0`%"$*\X`4+R"*!*%&?%-!4*!+2,8%(!/#&!-%?%8#)(+.!S*841(,!"#'+*!(+!14+0!4!:48H4+!8#,48%3!41#+.!'$(,$!'4*!48*#!=4@&4>%?#F !L$%0!'%&%!62(8"!60!(+-(?(-248*!%+.4.%-!

@"(#+!#+!"$%!:48H4+!/&#+"(%&F!L$%*%!'%&%!+#"!0%"!1%&%! *%&?4+"*! #/ ! "$%! *28"4+*! -(*)4",$%-! "#! "$%!)&#?(+,%*3!$#'%?%&3!4*!'#28-!6%!1#*"!4&,$("%,@

"$!,%+"2&0!4+-!6%0#+-3!62"!/&#+"(%&!4.%+"*!%+>#0(+.!4!.&%4"!-%48!#/ !42"#+#10!(+!"$%(&!&%*)%,"(?%!14&,$%*F!L$%!*28"4+!&%,%(?%-!

@"#14+!&28%3!4*!4!&%*28"!#/ !'$(,$!$%!140!$4?%!+#"!/%8"!"$%!+%%-!"#!(+"%&?%+%!4*!8#+.!4*!"$(*!*0*"%1!'4*!'#&H(+.!4+-!"##H!)84,%!(+!4!&%84"(?%80!,#1@)4,"!4&%4FE`!L$(*!&%84"(?%!42"#+#10!12*"!48*#!6%!4!&%4*#+!/#&!'$0!"$%!-(//%&%+,%!6%"'%%+!1#+2@

4*!.&%4"!4*!(+!84"%&!)%&(#-*F!A--("(#+48803!(+!"%&1*!#/ !*"08%!4+-!/#&13!"$%*%!)4"&#+*!&%8(%-!#+!1#-%8*!(1)#&"%-!/&#1!A+4"#8(4K!"$%!)84++%&*!4+-!62(8-@%&*!'%&%!4))4&%+"80!6&#2.$"!/&#1!"$%!A*(4+!$48/ !

EB

$#'%?%&3!1(*"4H%+80! *2..%*"*! "$4"! "$%*%! *"&2,"2&%*! (+("(4880! *%&?%-!4*!G&(-40!1#*Y2%*!60! &%/%&&(+.! "#! "$%1!4*!X(4+R"7+' 1(0+7"%

A&$(#:27"%';+$$"+72#5"#

*"2-0! #/ ! "$%*%! (+*"("2"(#+*J! '#&H(+.*! (+! 4! EC"$ "$@,%+"2&0!

b"")+#5'*".*7"M'B"")+#5'*.P"%3'+0(%"$&'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'90*+%"F!P-*F!M(+4!P&.(+3!7$&(*"#)$!UF!M%214++3!4+-!A10!=(+.%&F!S*"4+628K!PQPM3!BDDb3!))F'

X`4+R"! *)#+*#&%-! 60!

4(8BcR"

(+K!

E`T,"'&,(*+#5'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'6(78(#&'EFHdK/FddKL3'$,"'1.#]2"&$M'&"$$7"0"#$'e' +#B%(&$%21$2%(7' )"4"7.*0"#$' .B 'O.%$,"%#'f%""1"T+(?%&*("0!O268(,4"(#+*3!BDDa3!%*)F!,$F!EgB3!4+-!U()&#?*H43!N4&(04F!

5(X+' '4&&(#&*! 4+-! )4"&#+*! #/ ! -%&?(*$!

4&,$("%,"2&48! )&#-2,"(#+F ! A1#+.! "$%*%! "#'+*!

'$(,$!%1%&.%-!(+!"$%!EC"$4+-!S*841(,!"#'+!84&.%80!"$4+H*!"#!"$%!(+/&4*"&2,@"2&48! (+?%*"1%+"*!#/ !#+%!/&#+"(%&!.%+"&0! /41(803!'$(,$!$4-!-%*,%+-%-!/&#1!"$%!"#'+J*!,#+Y2%&#&F!L$(*!=H#)>%!'4*!+#"!4!1%&%!#2")#*"!#/ !*28"4+(,!)#'%&h!("*!&28%&*!'%&%!)%&,%(?%-!60!*#1%!#/ !"$%(&!

&(.$"F!=H#)>%3!"$2*3!'4*!"$%(&!,4)("48!4*!12,$!4*!! ED! L$%(&! 4&,$("%,"2&48!

4.%+,0! 6#8*"%&%-! "$%(&! 8%.("(14,0! 8#,4880F! L$%!4(8B*!"$%0!%*"468(*$%-3!4+-!/&#1!'$(,$!.&%'!"$(*!4&,$("%,"2&%3!,&%4"%-!8#,48!-%)%+-%+,(%*!"$&#2.$!"$%!(+/&4*"&2,"2&%!"$%0!)&#?(-%-F!

A! 62(8-(+.! "0)%! /4?#2&%-! 60! "$(*! ,84**! #/ !)4"&#+*!'4*! +#"! "$%! G&(-40!1#*Y2%! 62"!128"(@/2+,"(#+48!62(8-(+.*3!&%/%&&%-!"#!(+!"$%!*#2&,%*!4*!g+0`%"$*!#&!X`4+R"*! ;(88F!E<FEE! S+! "$%!#8-%&! ;62"!+#"!0%"! %+"(&%80! *2)%&*%-%-<! 8("%&4"2&%3! "$%*%! 2*24880!-#1%-!4+-!#/"%+!L@*$4)%-!62(8-(+.*!$4?%!6%%+!

'("$! X`4+R" X(4+R"7+' 1(0+7"%<F! P?%+"24880! ("! '4*!*$#'+!"$4"!"$%0!$4-!+#"!6%%+!62(8"!#&!,#+,%(?%-!4*! 1#*Y2%*! 4"! 4883! 62"! (+("(4880! *%&?%-! 4! .&%4"!?4&(%"0! #/ ! /2+,"(#+*3! 41#+.! '$(,$K! *)4,%! /#&!)&40%&! 4+-! &("2483! 4,,#11#-4"(#+!#/ ! -%&?(*$%*!4+-!"&4?%88%&*3!4+-!"$%!)&#?(*(#+(+.!#/ !,8(%+"*3!"$%!)##&3!4+-!#"$%&!-%)%+-%+"*!;*2,$!4*!*84?%*<!'("$!

F!S*"4+628K!iA+H4&4!j+(?%&*("%*(k!c(8!

ED "$@,%+"2&0!=H#)>%3!4*!'%88!4*!#+!14+0!4*)%,"*!#/ !"$(*!*%,"(#+J*!)&#68%14"(,!(+!.%+%&483!*%%!48*#!:#0H#?3!"$(*!?#821%F

EE! G#&!"$%!64,H.&#2+-*!#/ !"$(*!)$%+#1%+#+!(+!1%-(%?48!A+4"#8(43!*%%!

;2](%#(&M'_#8F!fSS!

23

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

EC!'$(8%!1#*"!#/ !"$%!'#&H/#&,%!'4*!,%&"4(+80!&%,&2("%-! 8#,4880!/#&!)&4,"(,48!&%4*#+*F

,#+Y2%*"!#/ !"$%!8#+.!-%*(&%-!:054+"(+%!,4)("48!(+!

(+!"%&1*!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&%3!'%!%+"%&!'$4"!(*!.%+%&@

(1)%&(48! )$4*%! #/ ! "$%(&! -0+4*"(,! $(*"#&03! /2&"$%&!4,,%8%&4"%-! 60! "$%! (1)#&"4+"! ,#+Y2%*"*! #/ ! H%0!

4+-!N%,,4\N%-(+4!(+!"$%!%4&80!ECDD*F!L$%&%!-%@

60! "$%!*28"4+!4+-! (+!'$(,$!"$%&%!'4*! 8(""8%! "#8%&@4+,%!/#&!)#**(68%!)&#?(+,(48!,#+"%*"4+"*!/#&!)#'%&F!

4! )#'%&@64*%! (+! "$%! :48H4+! )&#?(+,%*! '%&%! &%@)84,%-!'("$! 4+! S*"4+628@"&4(+%-! ,84**! #/ !1(8("4&0!.#?%&+#&*F+%(.$6#2&(+.!=$(("%!S&4+3!"$%!*28"4+*!"2&+%-!"#!4+!#&"$#-#R!=2++(!(+"%&)&%"4"(#+!#/ !"$%!S*841(,!/4("$!4+-!)%&*%,2"%-!4*!$%&%"(,*!14+0!#/ !"$%!$%"%&#-#R!.&#2)*!'$(,$!$4-!)&%?(#2*80!.&%4"80!4(-%-!"$%1!(+!*)&%4-(+.!"$%(&!$%.%1#+0!#?%&!"$%!:48H4+*F!A88!"$(*!48*#!$4-!4+!%//%,"!#+!"$%!4&,$("%,"2&%!

62(8"!"$%&%4/"%&F!A))4&%+"80!4*!4!&%*28"!#/ !4!.&%4"%&!+%%-!/#&!+%'!,#+*"&2,"(#+!)84++(+.3!%*)%,(4880!(+!

'("$!,$2&,$%*!Z!"$%!*28"4+*!.4"$%&%-!2+-%&!"$%1!4!.&#2)!#/ !4&,$("%,"*!"#!2+-%&"4H%!'#&H!/#&!"$%1!4+-! "$%(&! ,8(%+"*F![("$(+! "$(*! .&#2)3! /#&! *%?%&48!.%+%&4"(#+*3!*H(88!*%%1*!"#!$4?%!6%%+!"&4+*/%&&%-!/&#1!/4"$%&!"#!*#+FEb!9#'%?%&3!'("$!=(+e+!(+!"$%!

EC(+!"$%!,4*%!#/ !"$%!%4&80!EC"$@,%+"2&0!0+g0`%!L#.4+3!*#+!#/ !lA6-288e$!

7/F!=m+1%53!W%H(F!

"$@,%+"2&0!*0*"%1!4+-!("*!,#+*%Y2%+"!"&4+*/#&14"(#+3!*%%!U2+"3!N%"(+F!T,"'&27$(# &̂'&"%4(#$&3'$,"'$%(#&B.%0($+.#'.B ' -$$.0(#' *%.4+#1+(7' 5.4"%#0"#$M' FddK/FQdKN! M%'! I#&HK! 7#8216(4!

C%1,+$"1$2%"M'1"%"0.#+(7M' (#)' *.P"%K!1"#$2%+"&

Eb C5"'.B 'U+#(#

24

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$! ,%+"2&0! %1%&.%-! 4!+%'!"0)%!#/ !&#048!4&,$("%,"F!X(H%!1#*"!#/ !$(*!%&4J*!4-1(+(*"&4"#&*3! $%!'4*! 4! ,#+?%&"! "#! S*8413! ?#8@2+"4&0!#&!+#"F!S+!"$%!,#2&*%!#/ !$(*!,4&%%&!$%!+#"!#+80!'#&H%-!(+!)&#/%**(#+*!&%84"%-!"#!4&,$("%,"2&%!4+-!#"$%&!4&"*3!62"!$4-!"#!)&#?%!$(1*%8/ !(+!4!.&%4"!?4&(%"0!#/ !>#6*!,#+/%&&%-!#+!$(1!60!"$%!*28"4+FEa![$%+!4))#(+"%-!$%4-!#/ !"$%!&#048!4&,$("%,"*3!$%!4,,%)"%-!4!>#6!/#&!8(/%F!9(*!-2"0!'4*!+#"!#+80!"$%!

Ea3!(+K!U+#(# &̂! F!L&F!

(+! "$%! ,4&%%&! #/ ! #+%! #/ ! =(+e+J*! *2,,%**#&*3! "$%! A864+(4+@6#&+3!\+&`7"/+'0+g0`%+RR"3'(#'"(%7R/&"4"#$""#$,/1"#$2%R'-$$.0(#'

$%"($+&"' .#' (%1,+$"1$2%"3' B(1&+0+7"' P+$,' $%(#&7($+.#' (#)' #.$"&F! L&F! 4+-! %-F!

-%*(.+!4+-!)84++(+.!#/ !"$%!*28"4+J*!4&,$("%,"2&48!)&#>%,"*h!"$%#&%"(,48803!488!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4,"(?("0!(+!"$%!,4)("48!4+-!"$%!)&#?(+,%*!6%,41%!$(*!&%*)#+@*(6(8("0F !9%!&%8%.4"%-!>#6*!"#!4&,$("%,"*!'#&H(+.!2+-%&!$(1!4+-!-(*)4",$%-!"$%1!"#!"$%!)&#?(+,%*!'$%&%!+%%-%-F!9%!48*#! *4'! "#! ("! "$4"! "$%!)84+*!/#&!$(*!(+*"("2"(#+J*!4&,$("%,"2&48!)&#>%,"*!/#&!"$%!*28"4+J*!*%&?4+"*!(+!"$%!,4)("48!4+-!"$%!)&#?(+,%*!'%&%! ,#11%+*2&4"%! '("$! "$%(&! )4"&#+*J! &4+HF!L$%!4&,$("%,"2&48!#2",#1%!"$2*!-%)%+-%-!+#"!#+!4!)4"&#+!#&!4&,$("%,"J*!/#880h!"$%!+216%&!4+-!-(@

$4?%!&%14(+%-!2+,$4+.%-!2+"(8!"$%!84"%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0F!7/F!"$%!&%14&H*!N' T(:7"(2'

5=#=%(7' )"' 7^"0*+%"' .$,.0(#3' )+4+&=' "#' )"2@' *(%$+"&' h"$1NiF! S*"4+628K! S=S=3!

25

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

1%+*(#+*!#/ !/%4"2&%*!*2,$!4*!1(+4&%"*!#&!-#1%*!'%&%!&%.284"%-!60!"$(*!(+*"("2"(#+!(+!"$%!,4)("48FBD!7#+,%&+(+.! "$%! :48H4+*3! "$%! )&%/%&&%-! "0)%*!#/ ! 4&,$("%,"2&%! *)#+*#&%-! 60! ?4&(#2*! )4"&#+*!,$4+.%! (+!4,,#&-4+,%!'("$!"$%*%!-%?%8#)1%+"*F!L$%!128"(@/2+,"(#+48! L@*$4)%-! 62(8-(+.*! -(*4)@)%4&h! "$%0! 4&%! &%)84,%-!60! ,82*"%&*!#/ !62(8-(+.*!,%+"&%-!#+!4!G&(-40!1#*Y2%3!"$4"!(*3!+#"!1%&%80!4!)&40%&!&##1!#&!#&4"#&0!;0"&1c)<!62"!4!1#*Y2%!(+!'$(,$! "$%!G&(-40!*%&1#+!;,2$:"<' (*! &%4-!60!4!)&%4,$%&! ;,($c:<! $4?(+.!2+-%&.#+%! 4!)&#)%&!0"/)%"&"'%-2,4"(#+F!L$%!,($c:''4*!%R)%,"%-!+#"!#+80!"#!(+?#H%!"$%!*#?%&%(.+J*!+41%3!62"!48*#!"#!*)&%4-!

@-#R!8%4+(+.*F!

"$@,%+"2&0!:48H4+*K!"$%!*(+.8%@*)4,%-!1#*Y2%!'("$!4!$%1(*)$%&(,48!-#1%3!

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

'(88(+.!"#!62(8-!(+!"$%!)&#?(+,%*F!S"!(*!"$(*!1#-%8!"$4"! -#1(+4"%*! 1#*Y2%! 4&,$("%,"2&%! (+! :#*+(43!

4+-! L&4?+(H3! 488! 62(8"! 6%"'%%+! "$%! EC`D*! 4+-!

)&#"#"0)%F!X##H(+.!4"!"$%!14"%&(48!/&#1!"$(*!)%&@*)%,"(?%3!4"!4!-#5%+!481#*"!(-%+"(,48!1#*Y2%*3!"$%!

BD C5"'.B 'U+#(#

BE C5"'.B 'U+#(#3!)F!Ea`/F! S+! "$(*!,4*%3!"$%!0+g0`%'G%&$e-!'4*!-(*)4",$%-!/&#1!S*"4+628!"#!#?%&*%%!"$%!

g

g

26

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

27

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

4*! &%14&H468%!%R,%)"(#+*3!?%&0!)&#64680!-2%! "#!"$%(&!)4"&#+*J!&%84"(?%!)&#1(+%+,%FBB

:%"'%%+! "$%! 1(-@Eb"$! 4+-! 1(-@Ea"$! ,%+"2&03!.%+%&4880!?%&0!8(""8%!+%'!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4,"(?("0!#+!4!1#+21%+"48!*,48%!,4+!6%!"&4,H%-F !L$%!P1)(&%!

@#-!#/ !*%&(48!"&(21)$*!(*!8#+.!#?%&F!L$%!946*62&.!4&10!)&%**%*!4*!/4&!4*!N4,%-#+(43!"$%!_%+%"(4+*!(+"#! )%+(+*284&! V&%%,%h! 6#"$! %?%+"24880! -%)4&"!4.4(+3! 62"! 8%4?%! 6%$(+-! 4! "&4(8! #/ ! -%*"&2,"(#+F!

"$!,%+"2&0J*!4&@,$("%,"2&48! 4,"(?("0! &%?#8?%*! 4&#2+-! &%*"#&4"(#+3!&%)4(&3!4+-!&%62(8-(+.F!L$%&%!4&%!"'#!#2"*"4+-(+.!1#+21%+"*!/&#1!"$%!*%,#+-!Y24&"%&!#/ !"$%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0! (+! "$%! ,%+"&48! )&#?(+,%*! Z! "$%!1#*Y2%!

@

;74))4-#,(4<!Z!62"!6#"$!12*"!6%!,#+*(-%&%-!%R@,%)"(#+*F!="(883!"$%!)4""%&+!(*!*"(88!12,$!8(H%!"$4"!#/ !

"$!,%+"2&0K!"$%*%!62(8-(+.*!4&%!*)#+*#&%-!60!

S*"4+6283! "$%(&! 62(8-(+.*! /#88#'(+.! "$%! ,%+"&%J*!*"08%!,8#*%803!4+-!?%&0!)&#64680!14H(+.!2*%!#/ !("*!(+/&4*"&2,"2&%! #/ ! )84++(+.! 4+-! -%*(.+F! S+! 6#"$!,4*%*! "$%!1#+21%+"*J! )4"&#+*! *%%1%-! "#! $4?%!

,4)("483!4+-!"#!)&#1#"%!"$%1!4*!2&64+!,%+"&%*!60!,#+"&(62"(+.! "#! "$%(&! )&#1(+%+,%! "$&#2.$! "$%(&!(+/&4*"&2,"2&%FB`!

BB! G#&! "$%*%! 62(8-(+.*3! "$%(&! "0)%*! 4+-! )84+*3! *%%! A0?%&-(3! PH&%1!

G%"($! 7%1(0%"(3! BDDDB A&7(0&8(' 0.#20"#$(7#('

! G#&! *#1%! %R41)8%*3! 1#*"80! -4"(+.! "#! "$%! Ea"$! ,%+"2&0J*! 1(--8%!

T,+%$""#$,'A#$"%#($+.#(7'!.#5%"&&'.B 'T2%8+&,'C%$F!P-*F!Vn54!G%$%&!4+-!

4/"%&!"$%!1(-@Eb"$!,%+"2&03!62"!8(""8%!#/ !"$4"!&%14(+%-!4/"%&!"$%*%!4&%4*!'%&%!8#*"!"#!"$%!946*62&.*F!:%/#&%!"$%!1(-@Ea"$!,%+"2&03!"$%&%!'4*!48*#!*#1%!&%,#+*"&2,"(#+!4,"(?("0!(+!"$#*%!4&%4*!#/ !*#2"$%&+!V&%%,%!"%1)#&4&(80!8#*"!"#!"$%!_%+%"(4+*F

B` C',+&$.%R' .B '-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"

L$%! "$(&-! )%&(#-! )&#)#*%-! $%&%! %?%+"24880!)&#?%*!"#!6%!?%&0!-(//%&%+"F!X4*"(+.!/&#1!&#2.$80!"$%!1(-@Ea"$ "$!,%+"2&03!'%!*%%! 1#+21%+"*! "$4"! 4&%! ,$4&4,"%&(5%-! +#"! 60!"$%(&!*"4+-4&-(5%-!-%*(.+!62"3!"#!"$%!,#+"&4&03!60!"$%(&!-(**(1(84&("0F!L$(*!'4*!"$%!&%*28"!#/ !,$4+.@(+.! ,%+"&%@)%&()$%&0! &%84"(#+*3! 4+-! '("$! "$4"!4! ,$4+.%! (+! )4"&#+4.%! )4""%&+*F! :2"! %?%+! "$(*!.&#2)!#/ !)4"&#+*!(*!Y2("%!?4&(%-h!"$%!#+80!"$(+.!"$%0!*%%1!"#!$4?%! (+!,#11#+!(*! "$%(&!,84(1!"#!,#+"&#8!#?%&!4!&%84"(?%80!,#1)4,"!4&%43!$#'%?%&!

@"#14+! /&#+"(%&! 8#&-*3! '$#*%! "&4+*.%+%&4"(#+48!(1)4,"!#/"%+!$4-!"$%1!8(H%+%-!"#!4!*#&"!#/ !+#6(8@("0F!L$%!)#'%&!#/ ! "$%!)&#?(+,(48! *"&#+.1%+!#/ !

28

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

8#,48!(+!,$4&4,"%&3!"$%(&!&%)2"4"(#+!+#"!64*%-!#+!,#+Y2%*"*!#&! *)&%4-(+.! "$%! "&2%! /4("$3! 4+-! "$%0!#&!"$%!%R"%+"!#/ !"$%(&!)#'%&!140!+#"!48'40*!$4?%!6%%+! H+#'+! "#! "$%! ,%+"&%3! #&! )%&$4)*! %?%+! (+!"$%!+%R"!)&#?(+,%F!L$%0!*"4//%-!8#,48!1(8("(4*!4+@*'%&(+.!"#!"$%1!4+-3!4"!"(1%*3!4-1(+(*"%&%-!"$%!"%&&("#&(%*!2+-%&!"$%1!4*!(/ !"$%0!'%&%!"$%!4,"248!*#?%&%(.+*F!L$%(&!&%84"(#+*$()!'("$!"$%!,%+"&%!'4*!

%("$%&F!=#1%!#'%-!"#!("!"$%(&!4*,%+"!4+-!8%.("(14@"(#+h!#"$%&*!0%"!'%&%!H%%+!;4+-!468%<!"#!1(+(1(5%!(+"%&?%+"(#+! (+! 8#,48! 4//4(&*F! L$%(&! *'40! #?%&!"$%*%!"%&&("#&(%*!'4*!#/"%+!4!&%*28"!#/ !"$%!&(.$"*!"#!

@

48*#! *(1)80! %1%&.%-! 4*! "$%! #+80! .24&4+"#&*! #/ !*%,2&("0!(+!"$%(&!#/"%+!1#2+"4(+#2*!#&!#"$%&'(*%!&%1#"%!+4"(?%! &%.(#+*3!'$%&%! "$%0! ,41%! "#!2)@$#8-!4!Y24*(!1#+#)#80!#+!?(#8%+,%F!P*"468(*$(+.!

(+!4&,$("%,"2&48!)4"&#+4.%3!*#1%"(1%*!#+!4!?%&0!,#+*(-%&468%!*,48%F!I%"3! 8##H(+.! 4"! "$%!1#*Y2%*3! /#2+"4(+*3! 4+-!

)484,%*!62(8"!60! "$(*!$(.$80!?4&(%-!.&#2)!#/ !)4@"&#+*!-(*"(+.2(*$%-!60!4!8#,48!)#'%&@64*%!Z!6%!("!

(+! 74(&#! Z! "$%&%! (*! 481#*"! +#"$(+.! "$4"! "$%*%!*"&2,"2&%*!$4?%!(+!,#11#+FBC!A*!4+!4&,$("%,"2&%!84&.%80!-(*,#++%,"%-!/&#1!"&%+-*!(+!"$%!,%+"&%3!("!(*!$4&-!"#!*)%4H!#/ !*"08%!#&!*"08%*F!7$#(,%!#/ !"0)%!4+-!#&+41%+"!-(//%&!.&%4"80!/&#1!#+%!,#&+%&!#/ !"$%!%1)(&%!"#!"$%!#"$%&F!c%)%+-(+.!#+!"$%!,4*%3!"$%0! 4&%! *#1%"(1%*! "$%! )&#-2,"! #/ ! 4! -(48#.2%!

@48!$%&("4.%3!4!8(1("%-!4-#)"(#+!#/ !S*"4+628!"&%+-*3!4!1%&%!&%)%"("(#+!#/ !%*"468(*$%-!/#&1*!4**#,(4"%-!'("$!42"$#&("03!4+-!,%&"4(+80!48*#!"#!4!.&%4"!-%.&%%!

4+-!"$%!)#**(6(8("(%*!#//%&%-!"#!$(1!60!"$%!8#,48!$214+!&%*#2&,%*F!L$%!4&,$("%,"2&%!/&#1!"$(*!)%@&(#-!#/ !-%,%+"&48(5%-!/#&1*!#/ !&28%!140!6%!*4(-!

,#+"&4*"*!1#*"!,8%4&80!'("$!"$%!*"4+-4&-(5%-!H(+-!#/ ! 4&,$("%,"2&%! /&#1!%*)%,(4880! "$%! *%,#+-!$48/ !

"$!,%+"2&0!)&%?(#2*80!-(*,2**%-F"$! ,%+"2&0!

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

"$@,%+"2&0! )%%&*3! "$%! *! 4+-! *!'$#3! #/"%+! #/ ! :48H4+! 64,H.&#2+-! "$%1*%8?%*3!*)#+*#&%-! 12,$! #/ ! "$%! &%.(#+J*! 2&64+! (+/&4@*"&2,"2&%!)%&"4(+(+.!"#!&("2483!$0.(%+%3!%-2,4"(#+3!4+-!$#*)("48("0F!L$%!+%'!62&%42,&4"*3!60!,#+"&4*"3!.%+%&4880!-#!+#"!%+.4.%!(+!4&,$("%,"2&%!)4"&#+4.%!(+!"$%!)&#?(+,%*3!'$(,$!4&%!+#'!#+80!'40!*"4"(#+*!

BC)4"&#+4.%! #/ ! (R(# a%.4+#1+(7' "7+$"&' +#' $,"'-$$.0(#' 90*+%"F! P-F! A+"#+(*! A+4*"4*#)#28#*F! Q%"$01+#+K! 7&%"%!

"$ C##(7"&'A&7(0.7.5+]2"&

3!_#8F!ff_S!!

!

c#6&#.%4! ;"$%! Q#14+(4+! :84,H! =%4! $(+"%&84+-<! 4+-! "$%! :#*+(4+!O#*4?(+43! '$%&%"#! N2*8(1*! /&#1! =%&6(4! 4+-! "$%! 7&(1%4! '%&%!

29

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a(+!"$%(&!,4&%%&*!-%"%&1(+%-!0%"!4.4(+!(+!"$%!,4)(@

"48F!M%R"!"#!"$(*!+%'3!)268(,!(+/&4*"&2,"2&%3!+#'!4(8B*! 62"! 60! ,%+"&48!

*"4"%! (+*"("2"(#+*3! "$%!#"$%&!14>#&! (++#?4"(#+!"#!"$%!:48H4+! ,("0*,4)%*! (*! "$%! &%"2&+! ;#&! )%&$4)*!

@,$("%,"2&%F!="4&"(+.!/&#1!"$%!EaBD*3!'%!*%%!#/"%+!84&.%!62"!%R"%&+4880!?%&0!$2168%!62(8-(+.*F!G&#1!"$%! EaCD*! #+'4&-*! '%! 48&%4-0! *%%! ?%&0! -4&(+.!-%*(.+*3! 2+-%&1(+(+.! S*841(,! 62(8-(+.*J! "&4-(@

4*! "$%!*"4"%J*!+%'! (+/&4*"&2,"2&48!62(8-(+.*3! "$%0!4&%! (+,&%4*(+.80!-(*"(+.2(*$%-!60! "$%!6#&&#'(+.!#/ ! /#&1*! /&#1!'%*"%&+!P2&#)%4+! 4&,$("%,"2&%3!*#1%"(1%*!%+"(&%!"0)%*!;(88F!b<FL$%&%/#&%3!/#2&!)%&(#-*!%1%&.%!-(*"(+.2(*$%-!

60! "$%! &%84"(#+*$()!6%"'%%+! "$%! ,%+"&%! 4+-! "$%!)%&()$%&0!4+-!%?(-%+,%-!(+!("*!(1)4,"!#+!4&,$(@"%,"2&48! )&#-2,"(#+F! L#! %1)$4*(5%! "$(*! )#(+"! S!*$488!+41%!"$%1!4*!/#88#'*K!E<!)#80,%+"&(*1!;,4F!

"$!"#!1(-@Ea"$!,"F<3!-(?(-%-!481#*"!%Y24880!(+"#!4!)%@

&(#-!#/ !4<!%R)4+*(#+!4+-!6<!#+%!#/ !&%84"(?%!*"4.@)",%+"&48(54"(#+!;1(-@Ea"$ "$!,"F<3!

4+-!`<!%" "$!"#![[S<F!S!8%4?%!("!2)!"#!"$%!&%4-%&!"#!>2-.%!(/ !"$%!*0*"%14"(54"(#+!#/ !"$%!14"%&(48!S!)&#)#*%!$%&%!8(?%*!2)!"#!"$%!%R@)%,"4"(#+*!S!140!$4?%!&4(*%-!4"!"$%!6%.(++(+.F!:2"!

"$4"!"$%!:48H4+!1#+21%+"*!/#&1!)4&"!#/ !$,+&!$(*@

30

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'$,"'*7(1"'.B '6(78(#'-$$.0(#'0.#20"#$&'+#'#(%%($+4"&'.B 'S"&$"%#'(#)'A&7(0+1'(%1,+/$"1$2%"N'a.+#$+#5'$.'&.0"'-$$.0(#/*"%+.)'&+$"&'.%'$.'0.#20"#$&'%"1"#$7R'+#&1%+:")'(&'jO9U!-'S.%7)'<"%+$(5"'

-$$.0(#'*"%+.) &̂'+0*(1$_'B.%'.2$&$(#)+#5'0.#20"#$&M',.P"4"%M'.#"'P.27)',(4"'$.'5.'$.'A&$(#:27'.%'9)+%#"N'A#)+/4+)2(7'0.#20"#$&'+#'$,"'6(78(#&M',"'%"5%"$&M'(%"'#.$'B.2#)'+#'&2%4"R&'.B '92%.*"(#'.%'A&7(0+1'(%1,+$"1$2%"M'.%'"4"#'+#'&$(#)(%)'&2%4"R&'.B '-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"M'P,+1,'(%"'$%()+$+.#(77R'7(%5"7R'%"&$%+1$")'$.'0.#20"#$&'+#'*%"&"#$/)(R'T2%8"RN'94"#'$,.25,'%"1"#$'&$2)+"&'.#'$,"'"@1,(#5"':"$P""#'92%.*"'(#)';+))7"'9(&$"%#'(#)k.%'C&+(#'127$2%"&'(:.2#)M'$,"&"'&$2)+"&'(%"'$R*+1(77R' 7+0+$")'$.'$,"'"@1,(#5"':"$P""#'1.2%$&'(#)'1(*+$(7'1+$+"&N'T,"'(2$,.%'(&8&'+B '$,"'a(7(XX.'W21(7"'+#'j%:+#.M'B.%'+#&$(#1"M'P,+1,'P(&':2+7$':R'(#'(%1,+$"1$'B%.0'l()(%'E('m"#"$+(#'1+$R'17.&"'$.'$,"'$,"#'-$$.0(#':.%)"%LM'P(&'"]2+**")'P+$,'$P.'0+#(%"$/7+8"'$.P"%&'(&'('%"&27$'.B '&21,'+#$"%(1$+.#&N'<"'(7&.')%(P&'*(%(77"7&':"$P""#'$,"'6(78(#'&+#57"/).0")'0.&]2"&'.B '$,"'Fd$,/Fn$,'1"#$2%R'(#)'$,"'+)"(7'1,2%1,'$R*.7.5R'+#'1.#$"0*.%(%R'A$(7RN'C%.2#)'FoQKM'B.%'+#&$(#1"M'\+0+#+ &̂'U(#'b%(#1"&1.'1,2%1,'P(&'$.':"'1.#4"%$")M'(11.%)+#5'$.'(')"&+5#':R'C7:"%$+M':R'1.4"%+#5'+$'P+$,'(',"0+&*,"%+1(7').0"'(#)'"]2+**+#5'$,"'"#$%(#1"'&+)"'P+$,'1.720#&M'&.'(&'$.'&255"&$'('17(&&+1(7'$"0*7"N'T,.25,'$,"'*%.V"1$'P(&'#"4"%'1.0*7"$")M'+$'+&'('&$(#)(%)'%"B"%"#1"'+#'&2%4"R&'.B 'S"&$"%#'(%1,+$"1$2%"N' T,"' 1.#$"0*.%(%R'0.&]2"' :2+7$' :R';",0")' AA' +#' a%+&,$+#(M' (1%.&&' $,"'C)%+($+1M' B.77.P&' &+0+7(%'*%+#1+*7"&':2$'%"0(+#&'1.0*7"$"7R'2#8#.P#N

C2$.%'%(&*%(47V('.'0V"&$2'8.V"'.&0(#&8+'&*.0"#+1+'&('6(78(#('*%")&$(47V(V2'2'X(*()#.V'+'+&7(0&8.V'(%,+$"8$2%+N'/

5%()':7+X2'5%(#+1"'&'-&0(#&8+0'1(%&$4.0L'0.5(.'+0($+')4('0+#(%"$('p'$.%#V"4"'8(.'%"X27$($'$(84+,'*%.1"&(N'-#'

$+*.7.5+V"'0.)"%#"' A$(7+V"N'-8.'FoQKN' 5N' 1%84('U(#'b%(#1"&1.'2'\+0+#+V2' V"' $%":(7(':+$+' *%".:7+8.4(#('*%"0('

Johan Mårtelius

Ottoman European archi tec ture

Osmanska europska arhi tek tura

31

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!"#$ '+,#$ &)$ #2&! ='%-(*$! /#2+-4"(#+3! "$%!$#*"!#/ !"$(*!,#+/%&%+,%3!$4*!*#1%!(1)8(,4"(#+*F![$4"! !27$2%(7' <"%+$(5"' P+$,.2$' 6.%)"%&! 4))%4&*!"#! "%88! 2*! (*! "$4"3! +#&148803! ,28"2&48! $%&("4.%! (*!"$#2.$"! #/ ! 4*! ,(4+#5! 6#&-%&*F! L0)(,48803! "$%*%!

*($%+/0.+#"F! S+?#H(+.! 7(!*($%+"3! "$4"! (*3! "$%!/4"$%&84+-3!'%! 4&%! &%1(+-%-!#/ ! "$%! /4,"! "$4"! "$%! ,#+,%)"!#/ !4+!4&,$("%,"2&48!$%&("4.%!(*!"#!4!.##-!%R"%+"!

"$! ,%+"2&0!)&#,%**!#/ !+4"(#+48!(-%+"("0!/#&14"(#+F!L$%!/4(&80!&%,%+"!,#+,%)"!#/ !

(1)8(%*!"$4"!1#+21%+"*!4+-!*("%*!*%8%,"%-!4+-!$(.$8(.$"%-!#+!4!.8#648!14)!4&%! (+-%%-!%R,%)@"(#+*!"#!"$%!*"4+-4&-!2+-%&*"4+-(+.!#/ !$%&("4.%!4*!6%(+.!)&(14&(80!+4"(#+48F!G&#1! "$(*!)#(+"!#/ !?(%'3! "$%! "("8%!#/ ! 4+! (1@

@

E![$(8%! *2,$! 4! 846%8! (*!,%&"4(+80! 4))&#)&(4"%! /#&! 4! ,#+"%R"248(54"(#+!#/ !

N2,$!"$%!*41%!,#28-!6%!*4(-!#/ !"$%!$%&("4.%!#/ !A+"(Y2("03! "$%!V#"$(,!*"08%3!#&! "$%!N4182H!4+-!

"#-403!"$%!1#-%&+!+4"(#+!#/ !L2&H%03!"$%!*2,,%*@

E! n'!"#$2%+"&'.B '-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"3'Z('&2*%(/#($+.#(7',"%+$(5"[' iS*"4+6283!

:4"2&3!S*"4+628K!IPN3!BDDDF!

@

P-(&+%3! 4+-! S*"4+628! Z! 4&%! 8#,4"%-! '("$(+! "$%!6#&-%&*!#/ !"$%!Q%)268(,3!(+!4!&%84"(?%80!,#1)4,"!&%.(#+!'$%&%!"$%!"'#!,#+"(+%+"*!1%%"F!L$&#2.$!"$%*%! ,4)("48*3! L2&H%0! $4*! 48*#! (+$%&("%-! 1#*"!#/ ! "$(*! 4&,$("%,"2&48! "&4-("(#+J*! )&(1%! %R)&%*@*(#+*3!62"!1#+21%+"*!4+-!*("%*!#2"*(-%!L2&H%0!

32

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

A864+(4+!$(*"#&(,48!"#'+*!#/ !V>(&#H4*"&4!4+-!:%@&4"!;(+*,&(6%-!(+!BDDC3!%R)4+-%-!(+!BDDa<!4*!'%88!

"$

;BDDC<!4+-!_(]%.&4-!;BDDb<3!6#"$!(+!:#*+(4!4+-!9%&5%.#?(+4F!S+!L2&H%03!#/ !+(+%!(+*,&(6%-!*("%*3!

@

L$4"!"$%!/#,2*!*%%1*!"#!6%!#+!*("%*'&4"$%&!"$4+!(+-(?(-248!1#+21%+"*! (*! Y2("%! (+"%&%*"(+.F! L$%!

62(8"! %+?(&#+1%+"*! (*! 4,H+#'8%-.%-! (+! /#2&!#/ !"$%*%!,4*%*h!(+!"$%!"'#!&%14(+(+.!#+%*3!6&(-.%*3!"$%!4,H+#'8%-.%-!4,$(%?%1%+"!(*!*(1(84&80!#/ !4+!

:48H4+*3!"$%&%!,4++#"!6%!/#2+-!4+!4&,$("%,"2&48!4,$(%?%1%+"!4"!"$%!8%?%8!#/ !"$%!)&(+,()48!1#+2@1%+"*! #/ ! S*"4+628h! 4"! "$%! *41%! "(1%3! $#'%?%&3!

#+!"$(*!&%.(#+J*!62(8"!%+?(&#+1%+"!4+-!(+/&4*"&2,@"2&%!(*!%?(-%+"F!L$(*!-(//%&%+,%!1403!4"!8%4*"!(+!)4&"3!4,,#2+"!

/#&! "$%!-#1(+4+,%!#/ ! "$%!62(8-(+.*! (+!1#-%&+!@

"#14+! 4&,$("%,"2&%F! M#"! #+80! -(-! "$4"! ,#2+"&0!

"$%&%60!48*#!(+$%&("%-!"$%!1#*"!(,#+(,!'#&H*!4"@

=(+4+F!9(*!-(*"(+.2(*$%-!)84,%!(+!"$%!4&,$("%,"2&48!

$(*!,#2+"%&)4&"*!(+!P2&#)%4+!4&,$("%,"2&%!/&#1!"$%!Q%+4(**4+,%!#+'4&-*F![("$!*#!14+0!1#+2@1%+"48! 62(8-(+.*! 4""&(62"%-! "#! $(1! )&%*%&?%-3!

$#'!"$(*!"&4+*84"%*!"#!

4!1#&%!)#)284&!8%?%8!(*!"$%!+%'!,("0!12*%21!#/ !U40*%&(! (+!,%+"&48!A+4"#8(43!"$%!&%.(#+!(+!'$(,$!=(+4+! *)%+"! $(*! ,$(8-$##-! 6%/#&%! &%*%""8(+.! (+!S*"4+628F![$(8%!U40*%&(!6#4*"*!4!+216%&!#/ !)&%@

&%84"(?%80!1(+#&3!1#*Y2%!4""&(62"%-!"#!=(+4+F!I%"!"$%! +%'!12*%213! /2+-%-!60! "$%! )&(?4"%!U4-(&!94*! /#2+-4"(#+3! $4*! ,$#*%+! "#! /#,2*! #+! =(+4+!4+-!$(*!'#&H*F!M%R"! "#! "$%!'%88@H+#'+!*("%*! (+!S*"4+628! 4+-! P-(&+%3! $(.$8(.$"%-! 4&%! 48*#! "$%!

L$%!/#&1%&! (*! (+-%%-!4!'#&H!#/ !=(+4+h! "$%! 84"@"%&!(*!)&%*%+"%-!4*!-%*(.+%-!60!#+%!#/ !$(*!)2)(8*F!9%&%3!,%+"&48!A+4"#8(4!(*!&%)&%*%+"%-!4*!"$%!$26!#/ !=(+4+J*!'#&H!(+!4!.%#.&4)$0!'$(,$!%R"%+-*!"#!$(*!'#&H*!(+!:48H4+!P2&#)%!%?%+!(+!,4*%*!'$%&%3!4*!'("$!N#*"4&3!"$%!,#++%,"(#+!(*!&4"$%&!(+-(&%,"F!A*!$(+"%-!4"!46#?%3! (+,&%4*%-!&%,#.+("(#+!#/ !

@@

33

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"%%!(*!+#'!%?(-%+"F!A"!"$%!*41%!"(1%3!"$(*!$%&("4.%!,#+"(+2%*!"#!84&.%80!&%14(+!#2"*(-%!"$%!-(*,#2&*%!#/ ! P2&#)%4+! 4&,$("%,"2&%F! 9%&%! "$%! 8(1("(+.!/&41%'#&H! *$#'+3! /#&! %R41)8%3! (+! M(H#842*!O%?*+%&J*!*"4+-4&-!-2$7+#"'.B '92%.*"(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"'

B!A!1#&%!&%@,%+"!:&("(*$!*2&?%03!S"&$"%#'(%1,+$"1$2%"S4+!=2""#+3!"&(%*!"#!.#!6%0#+-!"&4-("(#+48!6#&-%&*!60! (+,82-(+.! *#1%! M#&-(,! %R41)8%*3! 4+-! +#"!#+80! (+!"$%!*%,"(#+!#+!1#-%&+(*1F !=2""#+!48*#!14H%*! &%/%&%+,%! "#!4+,(%+"! "%1)8%*!#/ !:4486%H!(+! )&%*%+"@-40! X%64+#+! 4+-! (+,82-%*! 4! *%,"(#+!#+!"$%!94.(4!=#)$(4!4+-!84"%&!:054+"(+%!4,$(%?%@1%+"*3! ,#+,82-%-!'("$!+#"%*!#+!Q2**(4+! %,,8%@

"$@Ea"$! ,%+"2&(%*F!9#'%?%&3!=2""#+J*!*2&?%0!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&%! (+!"$%!

4&,$("%,"2&%! #&3! /#&! "$4"!14""%&3! "$%!N2*8(1! 4&@,$("%,"2&%!#/ !=)4(+!;7#&-#?4!(*!1%+"(#+%-!#+80!(+!&%84"(#+!"#!4!Eb"$

@

$#'%?%&3!'$(,$!(+!4!8("%&48!.%#.&4)$(,48!*%+*%!(*!1#&%!'%*"%&+!"$4+!1#*"!#/ !"$%!&%*"!#/ !P2&#)%3!

4&,$("%,"2&48!,28"2&%*!(+!%R(8%!)#*("(#+*F!L$(*!%R,82*(#+!(*!*#2&,%-!(+!"$%!%R(*"%+,%!#/ !

4+#"$%&! ,4"%.#&0! (+! '$(,$! "$%*%! "&4-("(#+*! 4&%!

,4+! -%64"%! "$%! )&#68%1*! ,42*%-! 60! "$%! 6(+4&0!

@48(5%-! (/ !+#"! %R,82-%-!48"#.%"$%&! /&#1!6#"$!#/ !"$%*%! -(*,()8(+4&0! "&4-("(#+*F! [$%+! %?%+! V#-@

4&,$("%,"2&%!84&.%80!%R,82-%-!1#+21%+"*!#2"*(-%!1#-%&+!L2&H%03!`

B! O%?*+%&3! M(H#842*F! C#' .2$7+#"' .B ' 92%.*"(#' (%1,+$"1$2%"F! X#+-#+K!

P2&#)%4+!4+-!+#"!8%4*"!:&("(*$!/#,2*!#/ !"$%!*2&?%0!140!6%!%R)84(+%-!(+!)4&"!60!O%?*+%&J*!)#*("(#+!(+!:&("(*$!%R(8%!/&#1!M45(!V%&14+0F!

S"&$"%#'(%1,+$"1$2%"3'('&2%4"R'B%.0'C#1+"#$'f%""1"'$.'$,"'*%"&"#$N'

`! V##-'(+3!V#-/&%0F!C',+&$.%R'.B '-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"M'q.#).#K!L$41%*!

@

,#?%&*! 4&#2+-! #+%! "%+"$! #/ ! "$%! 6##H3! #&! 8%**3!+%?%&!?%+"2&(+.!6%0#+-!P-(&+%FA"!"$%!*41%!"(1%3!*"2-(%*!#+!"$%!%R,$4+.%!6%@

"'%%+!P2&#)%!4+-!N(--8%!P4*"%&+!4+-\#&!A*(4+!,28"2&%*!$4?%!46#2+-%-!(+!&%,%+"!0%4&*F!P*)%,(4880!_%+(,%J*!)#*("(#+!4*!4!$26!/#&!%R,$4+.%!6%"'%%+!

P1)(&%!$4*!6%,#1%!4!)#)284&!&%*%4&,$!*26>%,"F!T+/#&"2+4"%803! "$%*%! *"2-(%*! 4&%! "0)(,4880! 8(1@("%-!84&.%80!"#!"$%!%R,$4+.%!6%"'%%+!,#2&"*!4+-!,4)("48! ,("(%*3! "$2*! %R,82-(+.! "$%! :48H4+*FC! L$%!

C! m"#+1"'(#)'$,"'A&7(0+1'P.%7)N!P-F!="%/4+#!74&6#+(F!M%'!94?%+K!I48%!T+(?%&*("0!O&%**3!BDDbF

34

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@*4+,%!,28"2&%!&%14(+*!"#!6%!%R)8#&%-F!L$%!&#8%!#/ !

4&,$("%,"! '$#! -%*(.+%-! "$%! O48455#! c2,48%! (+!T&6(+#!'("$! ("*!1(+4&%"@8(H%! "#'%&*! ;(88F!E<3!140!6%!4!,4*%!(+!)#(+"F!

"$%! :48H4+! *(+.8%@-#1%-!1#*Y2%*! #/ ! "$%! EC"$@Eb"$! ,%+"2&(%*! 4+-! "$%! (-%48! ,$2&,$! "0)#8#.0! (+!,#+"%1)#&4&0! S"480! %R(*"F! 9%&%3! #+%!140! &%/%&3!/#&! %R41)8%3! "#! "$%! *#@,488%-! L%1)(#!N484"%*@"(4+#!(+!Q(1(+(3!#+!S"480J*!A-&(4"(,!,#4*"F!A&#2+-!E`CD3!"$%!/41#2*!X%#+!:4""(*"4!A86%&"(!-%*(.+%-!4!)&#>%,"!/#&!,#+?%&"(+.!"$%!,$2&,$!#/ !=4+!G&4+@,%*,#!60!,#?%&(+.!("!'("$!4!$%1(*)$%&(,!-#1%!4+-!/4,(+.! "$%! %+"&4+,%! *(-%!'("$! ,#821+*! *#! 4*! "#!*2..%*"!4!,84**(,48!"%1)8%!;(88F!B<F!L$%!)&#>%,"!'4*!

)4"&#+! =(.(*1#+-#! N484"%*"4! '4*! #?%&"$&#'+3!

L$4"!*41%!0%4&3!4,&#**!"$%!A-&(4"(,3!"$%!1#*Y2%!#/ !G4"($!=28"4+!N%$1%-! (+!O&(*$"(+4!'4*! ,#+@*"&2,"%-3!'("$!("*!-#1%-!,26(,!*"&2,"2&%!/&#+"%-!60! 4! ,#821+4&! )#&"(,#! ;(88F! `<F! S"*! "0)#8#.0! #/ !,#2&*%3!'$(8%!64*(,4880!,#(+,(-(+.!'("$!"$%!L%1@

*(+.8%!-#1%!1#*Y2%!"&4-("(#+!%*"468(*$%-!(+!"$%!E`"$!,%+"2&0F![$%&%4*!"$%!2+,#1)8%"%-!*"&2,"2&%!(+!Q(1(+(!(*!4!*"4+-4&-!&%/%&%+,%!(+!488!*2&?%0*!#/ !Q%+4(**4+,%!4&,$("%,"2&%3!4+-!%?%+!#/ !P2&#)%4+!#&![%*"%&+!4&,$("%,"2&%! (+!.%+%&483! "$%!62(8-(+.!*"(88!*"4+-(+.!(+!"$%!,%+"&%!#/ !"$%!U#*#?4&!,4)("48!,("0! &%14(+*! 2++#"(,%-! 60! $(*"#&(#.&4)$%&*! #/ !

P2&#)%4+!4&,$("%,"2&%!(+!,#2+"&(%*!/2&"$%&!'%*"!#&! +#&"$!1(.$"! 6%! "$%! %1)$4*(*! #+! "$%! *4,&%-!

6##H!4+-!*#1%'$4"!(,#+#,84*"(,!?(%'!#/ !*4,&%-!"$!,%+"2&0!

6%%+! 4! ,#++%,"(#+!6%"'%%+! 4&,$("%,"2&48! &%)&%@*%+"4"(#+*! (+! )4(+"%-! ,$2&,$! (+"%&(#&*! 4+-! "$%!(11%+*%! )#)284&("0! #/ !12&48*! *$#'(+.!1#+2@

N#&%!.%+%&48803!("!*%%1*!"$4"!S*841(,!,28"2&%J*!(1)4,"!#+!P2&#)%!'4*!1#&%!&%4-(80!.&4+"%-!"$%!1#&%!-(*"4+"! (+! "(1%!#&! *)4,%! "$%!,4*%3! 4*!'("$!N##&(*$!A+-482*(4!#&!'("$! "$%! &%*28"*!#/ ! "&4-%!48#+.!"$%!=(8H!Q#4-F!S/ !&%8(.(#+!(*!'$4"!*2))#*@

,4"%.#&(%*! Z! S*841(,! 4+-! P2&#)%4+\[%*"%&+! Z!#+%!*$#28-!)#(+"!#2"!"$4"!"$%!"$&%%!1#+#"$%(*"(,!&%8(.(#+*!488!#&(.(+4"%-!(+!"$%!N(--8%!P4*"F!G&#1!"$%&%!"$%0!*)&%4-3!(+"%&!48(43!"#!"$%!N%-("%&&4+%4+3!(+!'$(,$!"$%(&!$%.%1#+0!;4+-!"$2*!"$%(&!4&"<!+#"!

*2))#*%-80!2+6&(-.%468%!.4)!6%"'%%+!"$%1FL$%!-(*,#2&*%!#+!P2&#)%4+!4&,$("%,"2&%J*!$(*@

"#&0!$4*!("*!&##"*!(+!"$%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0!4+-!&%14(+*!,8#*%80! 4""4,$%-! "#! "$%! ,#+,%)"! #/ ! 1#-%&+("0F!L$(*!-#%*!+#"!1%4+!"$4"!"$%!"&4>%,"#&0!"$&#2.$!"$%! ,%+"2&(%*! /&#1! 4+,(%+"! "#! ,#+"%1)#&4&0! (*!,#+*(-%&%-!4!2+(/#&1!8(+%!#/ !)&#.&%**F![$(8%!(+!-(//%&%+"! )%&(#-*! ,#11%+"4"#&*! $4?%! /4?#2&%-!"$%! &%8%?4+,%! #/ ! ?4&(#2*! *"08%*! 4+-\#&! )%&(#-*!Z!*#1%"(1%*!"$%!V#"$(,3!*#1%"(1%*!"$%!Q%+4(*@

35

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

*4+,%3!4+-!*#1%"(1%*!"$%!:4&#Y2%!Z!4!,#11#+!P2&#)%4+! "&4-("(#+! (*! +#&14880! ,#+*"&2,"%-!4*! 4! *%Y2%+,%! #/ ! "$%*%! )%&(#-*! 4+-\#&! *"08%*F!728"2&%*! +#"! $4?(+.! )4&"(,()4"%-! (+! "$(*! %?#82@"(#+4&0! )&#,%**3! %?%+! '$%+! "$%(&! 4&,$("%,"2&48!#2")2"!'4*! 4-1(&%-3!'%&%!2+-%&*"##-! 4*!6%(+.!"(1%8%**!#&!"4H(+.!,(&,284&!)4"$*F!S+!=(&!:4+(*"%&!G8%",$%&J*!,84**(,!*2&?%0!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&48!$(*"#&03!

84"%&<3!4!-%*(.+4"(#+!2*%-!/#&!4&,$("%,"2&%!#2"*(-%!!

[$(8%! "$(*! )$&4*%! (*! ,%&"4(+80! #2"-4"%-3! 60! (1@

>2*"(/0!"$%!"&%4"1%+"!#/ !+#+@P2&#)%4+!$(*"#&(,48!4&,$("%,"2&%! 4*!#2"*(-%! 4!)4&4-(.1!#/ !)&#.&%**F!

#/ !"$(*!,#+,%)"F!S/ !4+0!,#1)4&(*#+*!-#!4))%4&3!@

A+#"$%&!%4&80!4,,#2+"!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&48!$(*"#&0!

:%&+$4&-!G(*,$%&!?#+!P&84,$! "##H!4!.8#648! 4)@)&#4,$! "#! 4&,$("%,"2&%! 4+-! ("*! $(*"#&0! (+! $(*!9#$P2%BB '"+#"%',+&$.%+&1,"#'C%1,+$"1$2%3!4!,#11%+"%-!,#88%,"(#+!#/ !)&(+"*!(**2%-!(+!EbBEF!PR41)8%*!/#&!

@,82-%-!62(8-(+.*!/&#1!14+0!)%&(#-*!4+-!&%.(#+*3!

:%*(-%*!"$%!*28"4+(,!1#*Y2%*!#/ !S*"4+6283!*%%+!"#!

:2&*4!4+-!"'#!(+!92+.4&0K!4!,(0(0!+%4&!"$%!,%+@"&%!#/ !:2-4!;(88F!C<!4+-!4!*(+.8%@-#1%-!1#*Y2%!

@,$("%,"2&%!4+-!"$%!,#++%,"(#+*!6%"'%%+!-(//%&%+"!)4&"*!#/ !"$%!'#&8-!,4+!6%!*4(-!"#!/#&1!4!"$%1%!(+!84"%!:4&#Y2%!,28"2&%!1#&%!.%+%&48803!$#'%?%&!*$#&"@8(?%-F! N2,$! 84"%&3! :4&#Y2%! 4&,$("%,"2&%J*!

@"#&0!#/ !P2&#)%4+!1#-%&+("03!62"!64*%-!#+80!#+!

P&84,$3!'$#! (*! .%+%&4880! &%,#.+(5%-! 4*! 4!$(.$80!

C' ,+&$.%R' .B ' (%1,+$"1$2%"' .#' $,"' 1.0*(%($+4"' 0"$,.)F!

)&#1(+%+"! 7%+"&48! P2&#)%4+! 4&,$("%,"! #/ ! $(*!"(1%3!(*!+#"!%?%+!1%+"(#+%-!(+!O%?*+%&J*!*2&?%0Fb

G(+48803!"$4"!"$%!*,#)%!#/ !4&,$("%,"2&48!$(*"#&0!*%%1*! "#!6%! (+! "$%!)&#,%**!#/ ! ,$4+.%!12*"!6%!&%,#.+(5%-F!=(.+*!#/ !.&#'(+.!(+"%&%*"!(+!%R)4+-@(+.!"$%!)%&*)%,"(?%!#/ !P2&#)%4+!,28"2&48!$(*"#&03!6#"$!.%#.&4)$(,4880!4+-!"0)#8#.(,48803!4&%!4))4&@%+"F! S+! 4&,$("%,"2&48! $(*"#&03! "&4-("(#+4880! -#1(@+4"%-!60!"$%!*"2-0!#/ !(,#+(,!*(+.8%!1#+21%+"*3!"$%!)84,%!#/ !$#2*(+.!4+-!(+/&4*"&2,"2&%!(*!"4H(+.!

)%&(#-J*! ,#+"&(62"(#+! "#! "$%! 62(8"! %+?(&#+1%+"!(+!"$%!:48H4+*!(*!,&("(,483!4*!'4*!&%,#.+(5%-!48*#!60! *#1%!1#-%&+! 4&,$("%,"*3!1#*"! /41#2*80! X%!7#&62*(%&!46#2"!#+%!,%+"2&0!4.#F!N2,$@+%%-%-!

2+-%&"4H%+!(+!&%,%+"!-%,4-%*!60!42"$#&("(%*!8(H%!N4,$(%8! U(%8! 4+-! #"$%&*3! H%%)*! 4--(+.! "#! #2&!H+#'8%-.%! 4+-! 2+-%&*"4+-(+.! #/ ! "$(*! $%&("4.%F!:0! -%*(.+3! "$(*! ,#+/%&%+,%! ,#+"&(62"%*! "#! "$(*!#+.#(+.!)&#>%,"F!

:4&#Y2%!4&,$("%,"2&%F

36

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'"(%7R'-$$.0(#'2%:(#')"4"7.*0"#$'&$%($"5+"&'$,%.25,'(%1,+$"1$2%(7'B.2#)($+.#&M'P+$,'&*"1+(7'%"5(%)'$.'P,($'(**"(%&'$.':"'('0.)"7'1.00.#'$.'7($"'0")+"4(7'C#($.7+('(#)'$,"'6(78(#&M'(#)'('#20:"%'.B 'Z-$/$.0(#+X")['1+$+"&N'T,+&'+&')"0.#&$%($")':R'('1.0*(%($+4"'&$2)R'.B '2%:(#'$%(#&B.%0($+.#'+#'$,%""'"(%7R'-$$.0(#'$.P#&'p'9)+%#"M'a7.4)+4M'(#)'U8.*V"'p'P+$,'($$"#$+.#'*(+)'$.'$,"'7.1($+.#'(#)'B2#1$+.#&'.B '1.002#(7'0.&]2"&'

$,'(#)'Fd$,'1"#$2%+"&'(#)'B.2#)'+#'(77'$,%""'1+$+"&N'b.%'U8.*V" &̂'1(&"',"'(%52"&'$,($'P"',(4"':"B.%"'2&'(#'"@(0*7"'.B '('Z)R#(&$R['.B 'B%.#$+"%'5"#$%R'(**7R+#5'$,"'&(0"'*%+#1+*7"&'(&'

/

.&0(#+X+%(#+0'5%().4+0(N'-4.'V"'*%")&$(47V"#.'8.0*(%($+4#.0'&$2)+V.0'2%:(#+,'$%(#&B.%0(1+V('#('*%+0V"%2'$%+'

*.8%.4+$"7V+'2'#V+,.4.V'2$+1(V#.V'&B"%+N

Grigor Boykov

Reshaping urban space in the Ot toman Balkans: a s tudy on the archi tec tura l development of Edi rne, P lovdiv, and Skopje (14th -15th centur ies )

Trans formaci ja urbanog pros tora na osmanskom Balkanu: s tudi ja o arh i tek tonskom razvoju Jedrena, P lovdiva i Skopl ja (od 14. do 15.vi jeka)

37

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!"#$,&'-&.$/'0+1/&'$#/ !A+4"#8(4!(+!"$%!1(-@"$!,%+"2&0!2+-%&1(+%-!"$%!,%+"&48(5%-!42"$#&@

("0!#/ ! "$%!=%8>2H! *28"4+*3! &%)84,(+.! ("!'("$! "$4"!#/ !"$%!%1%&.(+.!8#,48!4&(*"#,&4"(,!%8("%*3!'$#!4,@,21284"%-!(+!"$%(&!$4+-*!84&.%!84+-%-!)&#)%&"(%*!4+-!4,"%-!"#!4!.&%4"!%R"%+"!4*!(+-%)%+-%+"!&28@%&*F!=,$#84&*! 8(H%!9#'4&-!7&4+%!#&!P"$%8!=4&4![#8)%&!$4?%!4&.2%-!"$4"! "$%!-&414"(,!,$4+.%*!

"$!4+-!%4&80!E`"$@

(+!)4"&#+4.%!)4""%&+*3! (+!'$(,$!)#'%&/28! 8#,48!"0+%*!&%)84,%-!"$%!*28"4+*!4*!)&(+,()48!*)#+*#&*!#/ ! 4&,$("%,"2&%FE! G2&"$%&1#&%3! "$%! "0)%*! #/ !(+*"("2"(#+*!*2))#&"%-!,$4+.%-K!"$%!8#,48!8#&-*3!

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

E! L$%! &%*%4&,$! /#&! "$(*! )4)%&! $4*! 6%%+! 14-%! )#**(68%!"$4+H*! "#! .%+%&#2*! .&4+"*! 60! "$%! A+-&%'! [F! N%88#+!G#2+-4"(#+! 4+-! "$%! L2&H(*$! 728"2&48! G#2+-4"(#+F!

>.2%#(7' .B ' $,"' 91.#.0+1' (#)' U.1+(7'<+&$.%R'.B ' $,"'-%+"#$P"$%8!=4&4F!+#';")+"4(7'C#($.7+(N'T+(?%&*("0!O4&HK!O%++*08?4+(4!="4"%!T+(?%&*("0!

;2](%#(&M'_#8F!fSS!

48(%+4"%-!/&#1!"$%!=2++(!)&4,"(,%*!)&#1#"%-!60!=%8>2H!,%+"&48!)#'%&F`

%-.%! 6%"'%%+! 7$&(*"(4+! 4+-! N2*8(1! '#&8-*3!%1%&.%-! 4*! 4! *016(#*(*! 6%"'%%+! /&#+"(%&! %8("%!'4&&(#&*3!'$#!%16&4,%-!5(X(!4*!"$%(&!8%4-(+.!(-%@#8#.03! "$%!(,+!6&#"$%&$##-*3!4+-!"$%!'4+-%&(+.!-%&?(*$%*3! '$#! -#1(+4"%-! "$%! *)(&("248! 8(/%! #/ !"$%!L2&,#14+!*26>%,"*!2+-%&! "$%! 8%4-%&*$()!#/ !

"$%!/#&1%&!=%8>2H!"0+%*!#&!:"R*!#/ !"$%!*2&&#2+-@0.)2&'4+4"#)+''("$!

-(//%&%+"! 840%&*!#/ !"$%!6#&-%&!*#,(%"0!;(+,82-(+.!"$%! 8#,48! +#+@N2*8(1! )#)284"(#+<3! '$(8%! "&0@(+.! "#! *"&%+."$%+! 4+-! 8%.("(1(5%! "$%(&! ,84(1! /#&!8#&-*$()FC

!$%!6%.4+!,#11(**(#+(+.!"'#!-(*"(+,"(?%!"0)%*!#/ !62(8-(+.*! "$4"!'%&%!1%4+"! "#! %16#-0!"$%!*016#8*!#/ ! (-%#8#.03!)#'%&3!4+-! 8%.("(14,0!#/ !"$%!+%'!&28(+.!-0+4*"0F!L$%!+%'80!,#+Y2%&%-!

`! S6(-F3!))F!`D@EF

(+K!-$$.0(#'1+4+7+X($+.#N6"$P""#' $P.'

P.%7)&3' $,"' 1.#&$%21$+.#' .B ' $,"' -$$.0(#' &$($"N' :%&H%8%0K! T+(?%&*("0! #/ !

68#,H4-%!4+-!*26*%Y2%+"!,#+Y2%*"!#/ !"$%!)&(+,()48!:("$0+(4+!,("(%*3!

(+K!

6"77"$"#

S5+(H! ;M(,4%4<K! "$&#2.$! "$%! %0%*! #/ ! "&4?%8%&*! 4+-! 4*! &%,#&-%-! (+!3'

-$$.0(#' 62%&(' +#' $%(4"7' (11.2#$&F! :8##1(+."#+3!

38

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$%! #+%! $4+-3! "$%! 4))%4&4+,%! #/ ! 4! ,#112+48!1#*Y2%3! %("$%&! 4! ,#+?%&"%-! ,$2&,$! #&! 4! +%'!62(8-(+.3!*("24"%-!4"!4!/#,48!)#(+"!#/ !"$%!,("03!4+-!#+!"$%!#"$%&!60!4!,#1)8%R!,%+"%&%-!4&#2+-!4!L@*$4)%-!128"(/2+,"(#+48! +0(%"$kX(4+R"'#2"*(-%! "$%!'488%-!)4&"!#/ !"$%!,("0Fb!L$%!L@*$4)%-! 62(8-(+.*3! "$%! /#&1!#/ !'$(,$!

(*! ,84(1%-! 60! *#1%! *,$#84&*! "#! 4&,$("%,"2&4880!-%&(?%! /&#1! 7%+"&48! A+4"#8(4+! -%&?(*$! 8#-.%*a3!,#16(+%-!(+!4!*(+.8%!*"&2,"2&%!4+!%8%?4"%-!)&40%&!$488!(+!4+!%("$%&!?428"%-!#&!-#1%-!"R4(#3!4!,%+"&48!*)4,%3!4+-!"'#!"#!/#2&!*(-%@&##1*!;$(:,(#"*<!)&#@

!S+!,#+"%1)#&4&0!*#2&,%*!"$%0!4&%!*(128"4+%#2*80!&%/%&&%-!"#!4*!+0(%"$'4+-!X(4+R"F! A*! 4! &28%! "$%*%! 62(8-(+.*! +%?%&! *"##-!48#+%3!62"!'%&%!)4&"!#/ !,#1)8%R%*!2*24880!(+,82-@(+.!4!0")%"&"3!,(0(03!*#2)!H(",$%+3!4+-!(+!14+0!,4*%*! "$%! "#16! #/ ! "$%! )%&*#+! '$#! ,#11(*@*(#+%-! ("*!,#+*"&2,"(#+F!L$%!%R4,"! /2+,"(#+*!#/ !"$%*%!62(8-(+.*!4&%!*"(88!-%64"%-! (+!"$%!*,$#84&80!8("%&4"2&%3!62"!#+%!,#28-!*4/%80!4**%&"! "$4"! "$%*%!62(8-(+.*!'%&%!1%4+"!"#!)&#?(-%!*$%8"%&!/#&!(1@

#&!V%0(H8(!:464<3! 4+-! "#! 4,,#11#-4"%! ?4&(#2*!'4+-%&(+.! -%&?(*$%*3! (1)#&"4+"! "&4?%88%&*3! 4+-!'4&&(#&*!#/ !"$%!/4("$F!N#&%#?%&3!"$%*%!,#1)8%R%*!48'40*!)&#?(-%-!#"$%&! (1)#&"4+"!*#,(48!*%&?(,%*!*2,$!4*!)&#?(-(+.!/##-!/&%%!#/ !,$4&.%!"#!"$%!)##&!

-%?%8#)1%+"! 4&%! V46&(%83! A86%&"F!j#"' 1(*+$(7"' $2%]2"' 6%.2&&"/6%2&(F!

0+0`%c&+#+#' +78')"4%+M'QHK/IKd! ;FJHK/FoKJ

U4"$4&(+4F!W(&' +&7(0+&1,"' AX#+8

,+&$.%R3'9&&(R&'+#',.#.2%'.B 'C*$277(,'Y2%(#M'

a! P1(&3! =%-4"F!B!?#8*F!S51(&K!AH4-%1(!U("46%?(3!

))F!bC@EBBF

"R4(#' T,"'0.&]2"' +#' "(%7R'-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"N'7$(,4.#!4+-!X#+-#+K!L$%!T+(?%&*("0!#/ !7$(,4.#!O&%**3!

X(4+R"7+'1(0+

_#8F!

(-%+"("0!4+-!"%&&("#&(48(54"(#+N 'T+)268(*$%-!NA!"$%*(*3!N(--8%!P4*"!

*26>%,"*! #&! "&4?%88%&*3! 4+-! *2))#&"%-! &%8(.(#2*!*,$##8*!'$(,$!$4-!)&#?(-%-!"$%!8(+H*!"#!"$%!27"0(F!L$%!L@*$4)%-!+0(%"$kX(4+R"*!'%&%3!4*!4!&28%3!62(8"!

@%?48!,("03!'("$#2"!4+0!#"$%&!*0*"%1!#&!&%.284&("0!(+!)84++(+.!N4H(+.!2*%!#/ ! "$%! "#)#.&4)$03! "$%!62(8-(+.*!'%&%!#&.4+(,4880!(+"%.&4"%-!(+!"$%!,("0J*!84+-*,4)%F!S+! "$(*! &%*)%,"! "$%!#8-!,4)("48!:2&*43!

@)8%R%*3!+#"!#+80!,#28-!6%!*%%+!4*!%168%14"(,3!62"!48*#!"$%!.&%4"!+216%&!#/ !L@*$4)%-!62(8-(+.*!4+-!

ED

:%(+.! 4!14>#&! /#,2*! #/ ! &#048! )4"&#+4.%! "$%!L@*$4)%-!+0(%"$kX(4+R"*!6%,41%!4!H%0!1%,$4+(*1!

@"4"%!"$%!.&#'"$!#/ !2&64+!*%""8%1%+"F!:0!%R"%+-@

-0+4*"0!"#!#2"80(+.!4&%4*3!"$%!&28%&*!14&H%-!"$%!

(1)#&"4+"!*"&4"%.(,!)#(+"*3!"$%!L@*$4)%-! +0(%"$kX(4+R"*!4+-!"$%(&!,#1)8%R%*!'%&%!1#*"!)&#64680!

/#&!"$#*%!,#1(+.!(+F!L$%&%/#&%!"$%0!'%&%!(+!1#*"!,4*%*!84?(*$80!-%,#&4"%-!4+-!(1)#*(+.!*"&2,"2&%*F!

,#+*"&2,"%-! 4! ,8%4&!1%**4.%! -%1#+*"&4"(+.! "$%!,$4+.%!4+-!$(.$8(.$"(+.! "$%! 8%4-%&*$()!#/ ! "$%(&!-0+4*"0FEE

:0! %R41(+(+.! "$%! 2&64+! "&4+*/#&14"(#+! #/ !(1)#&"4+"! :054+"(+%! ,("(%*! *2,$! 4*! :2&*4! 4+-!

&%-%*(.+(+.!2&64+!*)4,%! &%)%4"%-80! /#88#'%-!60!"$%!*28"4+*!4+-!"$%(&!-(.+("4&(%*F!A!+%'!N2*8(1!,#&%!%1%&.%-!4"!4!/#,48!)#(+"!'$%&%!4!6(.!*28"4+(,!1#*Y2%!'4*! (+*"("2"%-F!=(128"4+%#2*803!#&! *##+!

ED! A!,#1)&%$%+*(?%!#?%&?(%'!#/ !*28"4+(,!,#1)8%R%*!(+!:2&*4!(*!/#2+-!(+! V46&(%83!j#"' 1(*+$(7"' $2%]2" ' C',+&$.%R'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"N' B3!

EET,"'-$$.0(#'1+$R'(#)' +$&'*(%$&3'2%:(#'&$%21$2%"'(#)'&.1+(7'

.%)"%F!P-*F!S&%+%!:(%&14+!%"!48F!M%'!Q#,$%88%K!A&(*"(-%!cF!74&4"54*3!

(+K! T2%8+&,' U$2)+"&' C&&.1+($+.#' 6277"$+#3! _#8F! ff3! M#F! E3! ))F! `D@CCh!

;2](%#(&!.#&$(#$+#.*.7+&kA&$(#:273' 127$2%(7' "#1.2#$"%&M'

+0*"%+(7'4+&+.#M'(#)'$,"'1.#&$%21$+.#'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'1(*+$(7F!T+(?%&*("0!O4&HK!

39

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

4/"%&3!,#11%&,(48!62(8-(+.*!*2,$!4*!:")"&$"#*3!(%(&/$(*3!#&!,(#*!*2&&#2+-%-!"$%!1#*Y2%3!4+-! (+! "$%!*#@/#&1%-!,#11%&,(48!4&%4!*%?%&48!*1488%&!*(+.8%!-#1%-!,#112+48!1#*Y2%*!4))%4&%-!"##F!A*!48@&%4-0!)#(+"%-!#2"3!-%)%+-(+.!#+!"$%!(1)#&"4+,%!4+-!14.+("2-%!#/ !"$%!,("03!#+%!#&!1#&%!L@*$4)%-!+0(%"$kX(4+R"!,#1)8%R%*!'%&%!)84,%-!(+!*262&6*!4"!"$%*%!,("(%*J!%+"&4+,%*F!A!?%&0!*(1(84&!)4""%&+!#/ !2&64+!"&4+*/#&14"(#+3!"$%!)&#-2,"!#/ !"$%!/&#+@"(%&!0+7+"2

"$%! &%.(#+F!G2&"$%&1#&%3! "$%! *%1(@(+-%)%+-%+"!-0+4*"(%*! #/ ! :48H4+! &4(-%&! ,#114+-%&*! ;21:"R+

14&,$%*3!%1)8#0%-!"$%!*41%!)4""%&+!'$%+!"$%0!+%%-%-! "#! "&4+*/#&1! "$%! ,#+Y2%&%-! ,("(%*! #/ !"$%(&!#'+!-#14(+*!#&!%*"468(*$%-!+%'!"#'+*FEB!

%R41(+%! "$%! 2&64+! "&4+*/#&14"(#+! #/ ! "$&%%!14>#&!:054+"(+%!,%+"&%*!(+!"$%!:48H4+*3!8##H(+.!/#&! *(1(84&("(%*! (+! "$%(&!-%?%8#)1%+"K!E<!P-(&+%3!

@"&#)#8(*!#/ !T))%&!L$&4,%!Z!8(H%!P-(&+%!*("24"%-!#+! "$%!1%-(%?48!:48H4+!$(.$'40! H+#'+! 4*! "$%!m+(';+7+$(%+&'%*"%&+! N4,%-#+(43! -#1(+4"%-! 60! "$%! 1(.$"0!

EB! L$%! -0+4*"0! #/ ! V45(! P?&%+#*! :%0! 4+-! ("*! -%,(*(?%! &#8%! (+! "$%!-%?%8#)1%+"! #/ ! *%?%&48! (1)#&"4+"! ,("(%*! #+! "$%!m+(' 95#($+(! '4*!&%,%+"80! *"2-(%-! (+! 4! *%&(%*! #/ ! )268(,4"(#+*! 60! X#'&03! 9%4"$! [F!T,"' &,(*+#5' .B ' $,"'-$$.0(#'6(78(#&M'FHdK/FddK3' $,"' 1.#]2"&$M' &"$$7"0"#$'e' +#B%(&$%21$2%(7' )"4"7.*0"#$' .B 'O.%$,"%#'f%""1"

T,"' 94%"#.&' )R#(&$R' .B ' r"#+1"' m(%)(%3' #.$"&' e' ).120"#$&F! S*"4+628K!

40

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Edirne (Adrianople)[%! H+#'! ?%&0! 8(""8%! 46#2"! "$%! ,$4+.%*! "$4"!

"##H! )84,%! (+! A-&(4+#)8%! ;P-(&+%<! (11%-(4"%80!!

N#&%#?%&3!488!"$%!62(8-(+.*!$%!,#11(**(#+%-!$4-!4+!2+/#&"2+4"%! /4"%! 4+-!-(-!+#"!14H%! ("! "#! "$%!)&%*%+"!-40F![%! ,#28-! 4**%&"! $#'%?%&3! "$4"! 8(H%!$(*!/4"$%&3!N2&4-!,#+?%&"%-!4!,$2&,$!8#,4"%-!(+!"$%!'488%-!)4&"!#/ ! "$%!,("0! (+"#! "$%!1#*Y2%!#/ !A04!=#/043! "$2*!-(*)840(+.! "$%!?(,"#&0!#/ !S*841!4+-! )&#?(-(+.! "$%! N2*8(1! ,#112+("0! '("$! 4!G&(-40!1#*Y2%F!O&#128.4"(+.!P-(&+%!4*!,4)("483!N2&4-!#&-%&%-!"$%!,#+*"&2,"(#+!#/ !4!&#048!)484,%!

C%1,+420'-$$.0(#+120

L2&,*K!84!)n+n"&4"(#+!"2&Y2%!%+!L$&4,%!%"!84!?48%2&!-%*!,$&#+(Y2%*!T%(4(2@' "$' ;=0.+%"&

U$2)+'m"#"X+(#+

4+-!4!+216%&!#/ !*%&?(,%!62(8-(+.*3!'$(,$!(+!/4,"!@

*(-%!"$%!'488*!#/ !"$%!#8-!:054+"(+%!A-&(4+#)8%F!T+/#&"2+4"%80!+%("$%&!"$%!,#+?%&"%-!A04!=#/043!

"$!,%+"2&03E`!+#&!N2&4-J*!"$!,%+"2&0!(+!#&-%&!

%R"4+"! "#-40FEC!L$%! %R)4+*(#+! #/ ! "$%! ,("0! ,#+@"(+2%-!2+-%&!N2&4-J*! *2,,%**#&!:40%5(-!S!'$#3!

+0(%"$kX(4+R"! 4! ,#+*(-%&468%! -(*"4+,%! /&#1! "$%! ,("0J*!

E`! L$%!,#+?%&"%-!:054+"(+%!,$2&,$!#/ !94.(4!=#)$(4!*"##-!(+!"$%!'488%-!)4&"!#/ !P-(&+%!2+"(8!"$%!%4&80!BD"$!,F!Q%,%+"!*"2-0!#+!"$(*!62(8-(+.!4+-!4!&%)&(+"!#/ !"$%!Eaaa!)$#"#.&4)$!"4H%+!60!V$F!Xn,$(+%3!Q2**(4+!

L$%**48#+(H(K!P2&#)%4+! 7%+"%&! /#&! :054+"(+%! 4+-! O#*"@:054+"(+%!N#+21%+"*3!

)F!EBDF!EC P-F!

41

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a,("0J*!+4"2&48!6#&-%&!Z!"$%!L2+,4!Q(?%&F !=28"4+!

"$%!.&4+-%2&!#/ !$(*!:2&*4!,#1)8%R3!62(8"!4!/%'!0%4&*! %4&8(%&3! 62"! $%! *%"! 4+! (1)#&"4+"! "&%+-F! S+!

+0(%"$kX(4+R"'/,%+"&%-! ,#1)8%R%*! ,#11(**(#+%-!60! V45(! N($483Eb! "$%! :"R7"%:"R+' Ea!N%5(-!:%03 !4+-!=28"4+!N2&4-!SSBD!4))%4&%-!4"!

6"77"$"#3! _#8F!T,"'0.&]2"

A0?%&-(F!

Eb)"4%+M'IKQ/Idd'EFoKH/FodFLN' B3!

T,"'0.&]2"Ea! !A0?%&-(F! T,"'0.&]2"3!

9)+%#"' +0(%"$7"%+N'

)"4%+M T,"'0.&]2"BD 9)+%#"3'

;2%()')"4%+M!))F!`DC@`ECh!U2&4+3!T,"'0.&]2"3!))F!EB`@CF

(1)#&"4+,%!#/ !"$%!,("0!4))%48%-!/#&!"$%!,#+*"&2,@"(#+!#/ !4+!(1)%&(48!.&%4"!1#*Y2%3!'$(,$!'4*!62(8"!

"$!,%+"2&0!4+-!"$2*!(1("4"(+.!:2&*4J*!-%?%8#)1%+"!"$%!,#11%&,(48!,#&%!#/ !P-(&+%!*$(/"%-!"#!4!+%'!8#,4"(#+! #2"*(-%! "$%! '488%-! ,("0FBE! L$%! 128"(@-#1%-!P*H(!741(!*##+!6%,41%!"##!*1488!/#&!"$%!&4)(-80!%R)4+-(+.!)#)284"(#+!#/ !"$%!,%+"&48!4&%4F!L'#!-%,4-%*!84"%&!N2&4-!SS!,#11(**(#+%-!4!+%'!(1)%&(48!1#*Y2%!(+!"$%!,%+"&48!)4&"!#/ !"#'+3!"$%!

P-(&+%J*!14.+("2-%3!62"!48*#! &%?#82"(#+(5%-! "$%!-%*(.+!4+-!,#+*"&2,"(#+!"%,$+(Y2%*!#/ !"$%!.&%4"!;272 BB

#+%!#/ !"$%!"&4+*/#&14"(#+!#/ !:2&*4F!A!+%'!2&@64+! ,#&%! %1%&.%-! 4&#2+-! 4+! (1)%&(48! 1#*Y2%!'$(8%! 4! +216%&! #/ ! L@*$4)%-! +0(%"$kX(4+R"*!

BE! A0?%&-(F! T,"'0.&]2"3!))F!EC`@ECaF

BB! A0?%&-(F! -$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"M

42

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

)4"&#+(5%-!60!"$%!&28%&*!#&!"$%(&!-(.+("4&(%*!*2&@&#2+-%-!"$%!,("0F!L$%!"&4+*/%&!#/ !"$%!*016#8*!#/ !

@%88%-!P-(&+%!(+!*2,$!4!'40!"$4"!("!"&280!-%*%&?%-!

,("0J*!$(*"#&0F !L$%!:48H4+!8#&-*!#/ !"$%!14&,$%*3!'$#!(+!1#*"!,4*%*!'%&%!"$%!-&(?(+.!/#&,%!6%$(+-!

"##H! 4! *8#'3! 62"! )%&*(*"%+"! -(&%,"(#+! "#'4&-*!@

-%&?(*$%*!*#2.$"!488(4+,%!'("$3!4+-!)&#"%,"(#+!#/3!"$%!)#'%&/28! &4(-%&!,#114+-%&*3!'$#! (+!14+0!(+*"4+,%*!,#11(**(#+%-!/#&!"$%1!L@*$4)%-!+0(/

%"$kX(4+R"*F!X##H(+.!/#&!%R41)8%*!#+%!,#28-!)#(+"!

+0(%"$*!48#+.!"$%!m+('95#($+(=H#)>%3!#&!4!+216%&!#/ !?4+(*$%-!62(8-(+.*!,#1@1(**(#+%-!60!#"$%&!/41#2*!/41(8(%*F!=28"4+*3!#+!"$%! #"$%&! $4+-3! #//%&%-! "$%(&! )4"&#+(5%-! ,#1@)8%R%*! "#! -%&?(*$! #&-%&*! #/ ! "$%(&! ,$#(,%F! L$%!N2&4-(0%!(+!P-(&+%3!'$(,$!*%&?%-!/#&!14+0!0%4&*!4*!4!0"47"4+,(#"3!)&#?(-%*!4+!%R,%88%+"!%R41)8%!(+!"$(*!&%*)%,"F

43

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Plovdiv (Fi l ibe)L$%!)#*"@,#+Y2%*"!0%4&*!#/ !#2&!*%,#+-!,4*%3!

"$%! ,("0! #/ !O$(8()#)#8(*! ;G(8(6%<3! 4&%! %?%+!1#&%!

$4+-*FB` @1%+"!"$%&%!(*!"$%!128"(@-#1%-!.&%4"!1#*Y2%!62(8"!

BC!'$(,$!'4*!

!S"! (*!$4&-!"#!6%8(%?%!"$4"!/#&!1#&%!

"$%(&!(1)&(+"!#+!4+!(1)#&"4+"!:054+"(+%!,("0!8(H%!O8#?-(?3!'$(,$!'4*!"$%!Q21%8(4+!:"R7"%:"R+J*!)84,%!#/ !&%*(-%+,%!"##F!S!'#28-! 8(H%!"#!)2"!/#&'4&-!4!$0)#"$%*(*!4*!*)%,284"(?%!4*!)842*(68%F!7%&"4(+803!

@(+.!(+!"$%!,("0F!7#+*"4+"(+%!"$%!O$(8#*#)$%&3!48*#!

@.8%!6%"'%%+!:40%5(-J*!"'#!*#+*3!"$%!)&(+,%*!=o8@%014+!4+-!N2*4!(+!"$%!%4&80!E`DD*3!1%+"(#+*!4!,(0(0!(+!G(8(6%!2*%-!60!=o8%014+!/#&!$(*!/%4*"*FBb!T+-#26"%-80! "$%!64"$!-(-!+#"! *"4+-!48#+%3!62"!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!4!)4&"!#/ !4!,#1)8%RF!U%%)(+.!(+!1(+-!"$%!"&4-("(#+!4,,#&-(+.!"#!'$(,$!"$%!,#+@

'("$(+! "$%! *"&#+.$#8-! (+"#! 4! 1#*Y2%! '$(8%! *(@128"4+%#2*80! *"4&"(+.! ,#+*"&2,"(#+! #2"*(-%! "$%!'488*3!#+%!,#28-!4**21%!"$4"!"$%!,4*%!#/ !O8#?-(?!'4*!+#"!12,$!-(//%&%+"F!L$%&%!(*!4!.##-!,$4+,%!

B`-%?%8#)1%+"!(+!:28.4&(4!(+!"$%!L2&H(*$!)%&(#-K!"$%!)84,%!#/ !L2&H(*$!

A#$"%#($+.#(7'>.2%#(7'.B 'T2%8+&,'U$2)+"&M'

6(78(#&8+'+)"#$+1,#.&$+3!_#8F!SSSF!P-*F!

BC! S!'(88!-%48!'("$!"$%!-4"(+.!#/ !"$%!1#*Y2%!(+!4!/2"2&%!*"2-0F! L$%!)&#,%%-(+.*!#/ ! "$%!,#+/%&%+,%!-%?#"%-! "#!N2&4-(0%!1#*Y2%!(+!O8#?-(?3! $%8-! (+! BDDa! 4/"%&! "$%! &%*"#&4"(#+!#/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!,#1)8%"%-3! '%&%! &%,%+"80! )268(*$%-! (+! 4! 8(1("%-! +216%&! 60! "$%!S*"4+628! N%"&#)#8("4+! N2+(,()48("0F! L$%! ?#821%! b+7+:"' Ea7.4)+4L'

a(*"%&

AX4"&$+('#(':(75(%&8+('(%,".7.5+1,"&8+' +#&$+$2$k6277"$+#' .B ' 6275(%+(#' C%1,".7.5+1(7' A#&$+$2$"M' _#8F!

Bb'$#!*4,H%-!G(8(6%!*%?%&48! "(1%*3!4&%!6%*"!-%*,&(6%-!60!U#+*"4+"(+!

F!L&F!4+-!%-F!

U4*"&("*(*3!c(1("&(*3!T,"'&.#&'.B '6(R"X+)3'"0*+%"':2+7)+#5'(#)'%"*%"&"#$($+.#'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'1+4+7'P(%'.B 'FoKJ/FHN'

44

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

L@*$4)%-! +0(%"$kX(4+R"' ,#1)8%R3! )4&"! #/ ! '$(,$!'4*! "$%! 64"$! 1%+"(#+%-! 60! 7#+*"4+"(+%! "$%!

8#,4"(#+!#/ !"$%!,#1)8%R3!62"!"$%!8#.(,48!.2%**3!4*!48*#!(1)8(%-!60!"$%!"%R"!#/ !7#+*"4+"(+%3!'#28-!6%!

@1#&%3!6%,42*%!#/ !"$%!-%*"&2,"(?%!'4&/4&%!#/ !"$%!

-414.%-!4+-!84"%&!-(*4))%4&%-3!'$(,$!(*!4+#"$%&!$(+"!)#(+"(+.!"#!"$%(&!%R"&412&48!8#,4"(#+FL$%!84&.%!62(8-(+.!4,"(?("0!2+-%&"4H%+!60!N2@

&4-! SS! 4+-! "$%! :"R7"%:"R+'0%4&*!84"%&3!12*"!6%!*%%+!4*!4+!4""%1)"!"#!&%62(8-!"$%! &2(+%-! ,("0F! A! .&%4"! 128"(@-#1%-! 1#*Y2%!,#11(**(#+%-!60!N2&4-!14&H%-!"$%!/#,48!)#(+"!#/ ! "$%! +%'! ,#11%&,(48! 4&%43! '$(8%! 4! L@*$4)%-!

,("0J*! 6#2+-4&(%*! "#! "$%! 6&(-.%! #?%&! "$%!N4&("*4!;N%&(p<!Q(?%&FBa! O84,%-! )2&)#*%/2880! #+! "$%! *)#"!

Ba! L$%!6&(-.%!#?%&!N%&(p\N4&("*4!(*!6%8(%?%-!"#!$4?%!6%%+!62(8"!60!X484!

14H%*!"$(*!4**21)"(#+!Y2%*"(#+468%F!A,,#&-(+.!"#!"$%!+4&&4"(?%3!(+!

6%,42*%!"$%!N%&(p!$4-!&(*%+!4+-!,#28-!+#"!6%!,&#**%-F!7/F!N%$1%-!

'$%&%! 4! "&4?%88%&! '$#! /#88#'*! "$%!m+(' ;+7+$(%+&'

4!)%&*#+!%+,#2+"%&%-!'$%+!$%!#&!*$%!'48H%-!(+"#!

4!64"$3!0")%"&"3!*#2)!H(",$%+3!4+-!"$%!142*#8%21!#/ !("*!)4"&#+F !9%!48*#!62(8"!4!14**(?%!64"$!(+!"$%!

@.&%.4"(#+!#/ !"$%!N2&4-(0%F !A!84&.%!,4&4?4+*%&4(3!:")"&$"#3!4+-!4!+216%&!#/ !*(+.8%@-#1%-!1#*Y2%*!'$(,$! *##+! 4))%4&%-! (+! "$%! ,%+"&48! ,#11%&,(48!4&%43!.4?%!O8#?-(?!4!1#&%!,#1)8%"%!8##H3!.&%4"80!&%*%168(+.3!62"!4"!4!*1488%&!*,48%3!"$%!,%+"&48!4&%4*!#/ !P-(&+%!4+-!:2&*4F

! A0?%&-(F!

! L$%! 64"$! 8#,4880! H+#'+! 4*! ! '4*!-%*"&#0%-! (+! "$%! %4&80! BD"$! ,%+"2&03! '$(,$! -%)&(?%*! 2*! #/ ! "$%!

4,,#2+"(+.!6##H!;02,(&":"')"B$"%+ P(]B3!

"$4"!"$%!,(0(0!'4*!*2))#&"%-!60!"$%!P(]B!4+-!(+!"$%!,#2&*%!#/ !"$%!0%4&!*#1%!&%)4(&!'#&H!'4*!-#+%F!L$(*!/4,"!,#+?(+,(+.80!)#(+"*!"#!

,(0(0F! =(+,%! ("!'4*!4))4&%+"80!1%4+"!"#!*%&?%!"$%!,#+.&%.4"(#+!#/ !"$%!+%4&60!N2&4-(0%3!("! (*! $(.$80! 8(H%80! "$4"! "$%! 64"$!'4*! 62(8"! *(128"4+%#2*80! '("$! "$%!

45

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Skopje (Üsküb)@

&%*%168%*!%?%+!1#&%!.&%4"80!"$%!"&4+*/#&14"(#+!

!"$%!,#+Y2%&#&!,#11(*@*(#+%-!4!,#1)8%R!4&#2+-!'$(,$!"$%!+%'!2&64+!,#&%!-%?%8#)%-!84"%&!#+F!T+/#&"2+4"%80!+#+%!#/ !

/#&"&%**! *"4+-*! "#-403! 62"! "$%(&! %R4,"! 8#,4"(#+!4+-! ,%&"4(+! -%"4(8*! 4&%! '%88! H+#'+F! L$%! ,#1@)8%R!,#+*(*"%-!#/ !*%?%&48!62(8-(+.*!'$(,$!*"##-!

A88(%-!6#16(+.!#/ !=H#)>%!8%?%88%-!1#*"!#/ ! "$%1F!L$%! 8#+%80!1(+4&%"! 4+-!"$%!142*#8%21!#/ ! "$%!)4"&#+! *2&?(?%-! /#&! 4+@

! V>#&.(%?3!c&4.(F!U8.*V"'.)'$2%&8.$.'.&4.V24(#V"').'8%(V.$'#('smAAA'4"8N'

l:.%#+8' #(';2X"V'#('5%()'U8.*V"

46

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

47

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

-%*"&#0%-! "$%1! ,#1)8%"%80F$#'%?%&3!,4+!#//%&!4+!(-%4!,#+,%&+(+.!'$4"!$4*!&%14(+%-! /&#1! "$%*%! 62(8-(+.*F! L$%! *#@,488%-!

"'%+"(%"$@,%+"2&0!)#*",4&-!;(88F!EE<!4))%4&*!4*!4!*Y24&%!62(8-(+.!'("$!4!"(8%!&##/3!'4*!48*#!8#,4880!H+#'+! 4*!N%--4$!:464!741((F!N%--4$!:4643!'$#*%! "#16*"#+%! (*! *"(88! %R"4+"3! *%%1*! "#! $4?%!

4+-!'$#!)4&"(,()4"%-!(+!"$%!,#+Y2%*"!#/ !"$%!,("03!'$(,$!14H%*!"$%!)4"&#+J*!-%-(,4"(#+!#/ !$(*!62(8@-(+.*!"#!"$%!-%&?(*$!)842*(68%F !L$%!/4,"!"$4"!P?@

X(4+R"M'(+!4--("(#+!"#!"$%!)&%*%+,%!#/ !4!$#80!*)&(+.!(+!("*!,#2&"04&-3!8%4?%*!

T2%&8+'&*.0"#+1+'2'U8.*7V2N'F!

48

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$%!)4"&#+3!4+-!1#*"! 8(H%80!48*#!4!*#2)!H(",$%+!4+-!4!64"$!(+!("*!,8#*%!?(,(+("0FL$%!%R)8#-(+.!)#)284"(#+!.&#'"$!#/ !=H#)>%3!

L@*$4)%-! ,#1)8%R! (+"#! 4! /#,48! )#(+"!#/ ! 4!+%'!,#11%&,(48!+%(.$6#2&$##-!'$(,$!.&%'!4&#2+-!("F"$%(&!#'+!L@*$4)%-!+0(%"$kX(4+R"&!"$4"!)2*$%-!"$%!,("0J*! -(1%+*(#+*! /2&"$%&! "#! "$%! +#&"$%4*"! ;(88*F!

C$$+')"7'&"1.#).'1.#5%"&&.'+#$"#(X+.#(7"' )+' (%$"' $2%1(N'

:#.#0%?(p3!0+0(%+&+ T2%&8+'&*.0"#+1+'2'U8.*7V2

! V>#&.(%?3!U8.*V"

!

"$4"! *4'! *(1(84&! "&4+*/#&14"(#+! *"&#+.80! *2.@

4!128"(/2+,"(#+48!L@*$4)%-!*"&2,"2&%!'$(,$!*4'!

4!&%*28"!#/ !"$%!946*62&.!4**428"!#+!"$%!,("0F!L$%!,#1)8%R! 48*#! $4-! 4!0")%"&"3! "$%!142*#8%21!#/ !

!! P-*F! U4$&414+3! =%0("!

'

49

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!L$%!84&.%!(1)%&(48!,#112+48!1#*Y2%3!'$(,$!=H#)>%!+%%-%-3!'4*!62(8"!60!N2&4-!SS!#+80!4!/%'!0%4&*!4/"%&!$%!,#1)8%"%-!4!*(1(84&!*"&2,"2&%!(+!G(8(6%FL$%!,("0!#/ !=H#)>%3!-2&(+.!"$%!)%&(#-!(+!Y2%*@

"(#+3!'4*!%+"(&%80!-#1(+4"%-!60!"$%!1%16%&*!#/ !#+%!-0+4*"0!#/ ! &4(-%&!,#114+-%&*3! "$%!1(.$"0!

4+-! /2&"$%&! -%?%8#)1%+"! (1("4"%-! 4"! 4! *1488%&!*,48%!)&#,%**%*! (+!:2&*4!#&!P-(&+%3!'$(,$!'%&%!

+0(/%"$kX(4+R"*! 4*! H%0!1%,$4+(*1*! "#! %+,#2&4.%! "$%!.&#'"$!#/ !2&64+!*%""8%1%+"3!"$%!21:"R+*!'$#!4"@

! A0?%&-(3!:#.#0%?(p3! ))F!``@CDF

"&4,"%-!"$%!)%&()$%&0!/#&,%*!#/ !"$%!"(1%!4-#)"%-!

"$%!,("(%*!2+-%&!"$%(&!,#+"&#8F!N#&%#?%&3!"$%!)%&@,%)"(#+!#/ !4!,("0!4*!4+!%+"("0!(+!'$(,$3!#+!"$%!#+%!$4+-3!"$%&%!'4*!4!,%+"&48!4&%4!'("$!4!,#112+48!1#*Y2%!4+-!*2&&#2+-(+.!,#11%&,(48!62(8-(+.*3!4+-!#+!"$%!#"$%&!4!,#1)8%R!#/ !4!128"(/2+,"(#+48!L@*$4)%-! 62(8-(+.! (+! "$%! *262&6*3! ,#1)&(*%-!"$%!?%&0!/#2+-4"(#+!#/ !4!14&,$%&!8#&-J*!,#+,%)"!/#&! %*"468(*$(+.! +%'! "#'+*F! S+! "$(*! &%*)%,"! "$%!1#-%&+! ,("0! #/ ! =4&4>%?#3! ,&%4"%-! /&#1! *,&4",$!

%R41)8%F!

50

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

T,"'(2$,.%'*%.4+)"&'('&2%4"R'.B ' &1,.7(%&,+*' 1.#1"%#+#5'-$$.0(#'0.#20"#$&' +#'*%"&"#$/)(R'<2#5(%RM'(#)'+#B.%0($+.#'(:.2$'%"1"#$')+&1.4"%+"&'1.#1"%#+#5'$,+&',"%+$(5"N'94"#'$,.25,'+#'$,"',(7B/1"#$2%R'(B$"%'$,"'<(:&:2%5'1.#]2"&$'.B '-$$.0(#'<2#5(%R'(B$"%'FQIH'(%.2#)'GKt'.B '$,"':2+7)+#5&'P"%"'8#.18")').P#M')($('1.#1"%#+#5'$,"&"'0.#20"#$&'+&'*%"&"%4")'$.'2&'+#'$"@$2(7'&.2%1"&'(#)'0(*&'*%.)21")'+#'$,+&'*"%+.)'(#)':"B.%"N'-B '$,"'B.%0"%'JdK/HKK'0.&]2"&'(#)'1%*,(-&'B.%'"@(0*7"M'$.)(R'.#7R'"+5,$'0.&]2"&'&2%4+4"'+#'P,.7"'.%'+#'*(%$N'<.P"4"%M'&+#1"'($'$,"'$+0"'$,"'P(%/)"4(&$($")'%"5+.#'#"")")'(#R'&"%4+1"(:7"':2+7)+#5'P,($&."4"%M'0(#R'-$$.0(#':2+7)+#5&'P"%"'*2$'$.'2&"N'9@(0*7"&'.B ';2&7+0',.2&"&'.B 'P.%&,+*'$,($'P"%"'7($"%'1.#4"%$")'+#$.'1,2%1,"&'+#172)"'$,"'T.R52#'

u5.&$.#'$=%'1%*,(-M'&+0+7(%7R'+#'a=1&N'S+$,'%"5(%)'$.'$,"'&$2)R'.B '-$$.0(#':2+7)+#5&'.%'*(%$&'$,"%".B '2$+7+X")'&2:&"]2"#$7RM'#"P'8#.P7")5"',(&':""#'5(+#")'$,%.25,'('#20:"%'.B '%"1"#$'"@1(4($+.#&N'b.%'"@(0*7"M'$,"'JKKopd'(%1,(".7.5+1(7'(#)'(%$',+&$.%+1(7'%"&"(%1,'($'62)( &̂'\2)(&'6($,'1.27)'17(%+BR'&.0"'+&&2"&'%"5(%)+#5'$,"'&$%21$2%" &̂'(%1,+$"1$2%(7',+&$.%RN'T,"':($, &̂':%+18/:2+7$').0"'P(&'&,.P#'$.':"'-$$.0(#'P.%8M'1.#$%(%R'$.'$,"'"&$(:7+&,")'4+"PN'

-$$.0(#':($,'.#1"'1.0*7"$"7R':2%+")'2#)"%'"(%$,_'+$'P(&'B.2#)'$.':"'&2%*%+&+#57R'+#$(1$'2*'$.'$,"'4(27$+#5 &̂'&2**.%$&N

V(4#.0'82*($+72k,(0(02'\2)(&'2'62)+02M':+'0.57('*.V(#&+$+'#"8(' &*.%#('*+$(#V('.'#V"5.4.V'8.#&$%281+V+N'

/

Ibolya Gerelyes

Ottoman archi tec ture in Hungary: new discover ies and perspect ives for research

Osmanska arhi tek tura u Ma!arskoj: nova otk i"a i perspekt ive za is t ra# ivanja

51

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

*#1#+*%"$/'!&$"2'-+*341$ @"2&%!-4"%*!64,H!1#&%!"$4+!4!,%+"2&0F!9#'%?%&3!-%*)("%!"$%!,#+"(+248!%+&(,$1%+"!#/ !#2&!H+#'8@%-.%!#/ !("*!*"&2,"2&%*!60!*2,,%**(?%!.%+%&4"(#+*!

"$%!+216%&!#/ !*2&?(?(+.!#&!H+#'+!%R41)8%*!#/ !@

(+.!"#!(+,&%4*%FE

+216%&!#/ !*2,$!62(8-(+.*!"$4"!$4?%!*2&?(?%-3!(+!'$#8%! #&! (+! )4&"F!L$%&%! (*! 4! ,8%4&! -(*)4&("0! 6%@"'%%+!"$%!-4"4!(+!"$%!,#+"%1)#&4&0!*#2&,%*!4+-!"$%!+216%&!#/ !62(8-(+.*!"$4"!$4?%!,#1%!-#'+!"#!

@

@

0%4&*!#/ !"$%(&!&28%!'%&%!H+#,H%-!-#'+!#&!#"$%&@'(*%!-%*"&#0%-F

(+-(,4"%! ,#+*(-%&468%! 4&,$("%,"2&48! 4,"(?("03! 4+-!"$(*!(*!48*#!)&#?%-!60!946*62&.!1(8("4&0!*2&?%0*!14-%!#/ !"#'+*!4"!"$%!"(1%!"$%0!'%&%!&%,4)"2&%-F!

E! G#&! "$%!$(*"#&0!#/ ! "$%! &%*%4&,$!4+-! /#&! "$%!H+#'+!62(8-(+.*! "$4"!

FL

C%1,(".7.5R'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'*"%+.)'+#'<2#5(%RN'P-*F!S6#804!V%&%80%*!4+-!V0m+.0('Eb@BBF

:4*%-!#+!*#2&,%!14"%&(48!/&#1!6#"$!*(-%*3!"$%!"#@"48!+216%&!#/ !1#*Y2%*!;1(0+*<!4+-!0"&1+)*';)&40%&!$#2*%*<!#)%&4"(+.!#+!92+.4&(4+!"%&&("#&0!2+-%&!

B

#/ !"#-40J*!92+.4&0!'%!H+#'!#/ !>2*"!%(.$"!1(0+*!*2&?(?(+.! (+!'$#8%!#&! (+!)4&"F!L$%!1%1#&0!#/ !4+#"$%&!"'#!;(+!P.%&!4+-!(+!q&-<!(*!)&%*%&?%-!60!4!1(+4&%"!(+!%4,$!,4*%FL$%!)(,"2&%! (*! *(1(84&!'$%+!'%! %R41(+%! "$%!

-4"4!&%84"(+.!"#!64"$*!;,(0(0*!4+-! *<F!A,,#&-@(+.! "#! &%*%4&,$!'#&H!,#+-2,"%-! (+! &%,%+"!0%4&*!#+! "$%! 64*(*! #/ ! "$%! ?4&(#2*! $(*"#&(,48! *#2&,%*3!

@1%+"*F`!:0!,#+"&4*"3! (+!:2-4!"$%&%!4&%!+#'!>2*"!

@#"$%&!"'#!64"$*3!#+%!(+!:2-4!4+-!#+%!(+!O%*"3!"$4"!'%&%!-%1#8(*$%-!62"!"$%!/#2+-4"(#+*!#/ !'$(,$!*2&?(?%F!N4>#&!)4&"*!#/ !"'#!64"$*!$4?%!*2&?(?%-!(+!P.%&3!#+,%!4!4+7(R"$!,%+"&%F!Q%14(+*!#/ !4!64"$!$4?%!48*#!*2&?(?%-!(+!V0284!4+-!(+!On,*!&%*)%,@"(?%803!%4,$!(*!4!/#&1%&!&(#1(8!,%+"&%F!S+!4--("(#+3!&%*%4&,$%&*!H+#'!#/ !4+#"$%&!*2,$!62(8-(+.!"$4"!'4*!-%1#8(*$%-FC!9%+,%3!#/ ! "$%*%!bC!64"$*!'%!H+#'!46#2"!EE!#+80F[("$!"$%!%R,%)"(#+!#/ !"'#!%R41)8%*!"$4"!4&%!

*"(88! *"4+-(+.3! 92+.4&0J*! *! $4?%! ?4+(*$%-!'("$#2"! "&4,%3! 4*!$4?%! ("*!0")%"&"*3!0"8$":*3!,(#*3!4+-!,4&4?4+*%&4(*F

T,+%$""#$,'A#$"%#($+.#(7'!.#5%"&&'.B 'T2%8+&,'C%$N'a%.1"")+#5&N!P-*F!Vn54!cr?(-!4+-!S6#804!V%&%80%*F!:2-4)%*"K!92+.4&(4+!M4"(#+48!N2*%213!

C1$(' -%+"#$(7+('C1()"0+("'U1+"#$+(%+20'<2#5(%+1("3'

52

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

The afterlife of the buildings and their use for different purposesS+! "$%! 0%4&*! 4/"%&! "$%! &%,#+Y2%*"! 4+-! (+! "$%!

%4&80!Ea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

@'4&-*!'%&%!2*%-!/#&!7$&(*"(4+!'#&*$()F!L$%!*41%!,#+"(+2("0!4))8(%-!(+!"$%!,4*%!#/ !64"$!62(8-(+.*3!

64"$*F! L$%&%! '%&%3! $#'%?%&3! 4! /%'! %R,%)"(#+*3!*#1%!#/ !'$(,$!'%!*$488!+#'!1%+"(#+F

c4+26%!%164+H1%+"! (+!:2-4!'4*! "$%!1#*Y2%!

62(8-(+.*! -%*(.+%-!60!N(14&! =(+4+F !G#&!14+0!&%4*#+*3!"$%!)&%*%+"!42"$#&!(*!(+,8(+%-!"#!(-%+"(/0!

2+"(8! "$%!EbaD*F!L$%! /4"%!#/ ! "$(*!62(8-(+.! (*! (+@

'%&%! "&%4"%-! (+! "$%! Ea"$"#'+!,#2+,(8!#/ !:2-4!&%Y2%*"%-!"$4"!"$%!(1)%&(48!"&%4*2&0!.(?%!"$%!1(0+!"#!("!/#&!,#+?%&*(#+!(+"#!4!)4&(*$!,$2&,$F!L$%!&%Y2%*"!'4*!48*#!14-%!"#!"$%!9#/H411%&! (+!_(%++43!'$%&%! ("!'4*!%?%+"24880!

+#"! -%,(-%! '$%"$%&! "$%! 62(8-(+.! *$#28-! 6%! 4!)4&(*$!,$2&,$!#&!'$%"$%&! ("! *$#28-!6%!.(?%+! "#!"$%!O428(+%!#&-%&3!'$(,$!$4-!8(H%'(*%!&%Y2%*"%-!

T,"' (5"' .B ' U+#(#3' (%1,+$"1$2%(7' 127$2%"' +#' $,"'-$$.0(#'"0*+%"N'

(+K!C1$('-%+"#$(7+('C1()"0+("'U1+"#$+(%+20'<2#5(%+1("3!_#8F!fX_3!M#*F!

4!*("%F!S+!"$%!%+-3!"$%!62(8-(+.!'4*!#6"4(+%-!60!@

-%&!14+2/4,"2&%&3!'$#!*(1)80!1#?%-!(+!4+-!2*%-!("!/#&!*"#&(+.!*48")%"&%F!A*!4!&%*28"3!("!'4*!H+#'+!

'4*!*"(88!6%(+.!2*%-!/#&!*"#&(+.!*48")%"&%!4*!84"%!4*!

"$%!84"%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0Fb'@

"#14+!"(1%*!'4*!"$%!=28"4+!=o8%014+!741((! (+!=5(.%"?r&F! S"*! ,#+*"&2,"(#+! 6%.4+! (11%-(4"%80!

@"#14+*F!A,,#&-(+.!"#!"&4-("(#+3!("!'4*!,#1)8%"%-!(+!>2*"!4!/%'!'%%H*3!4+!481#*"!2+6%8(%?4680!*$#&"!)%&(#-F! =5(.%"?r&! 74*"8%! '4*! *2&&%+-%&%-! "#!

@

2*%-!60!"$%!,4*"8%!,#114+-%&!4*!$(*!&%*(-%+,%F!X4"%&3! (+! "$%! +%R"! -%,4-%*3! "$%! 62(8-(+.! /2+,@"(#+%-!4*!4!1(8("4&0!*"#&4.%!/4,(8("0!4+-!4*!4!$#*@

"$!,%+"2&03!("!'4*!2*%-!4*!4!.&4+4&0!4+-!4,,#11#-4"(#+!/#&!4!64(8(// !'4*!62(8"!#+"#!("*!*#2"$@'%*"%&+!*(-%Fa!S"!

(+*(-%!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.F1(0+! 62(8-(+.*! 2*%-! /#&! *%,284&3!

#/"%+! )&4,"(,483! )2&)#*%*! ,4+! 6%! ,#+"(+2%-F! A!/2&"$%&!%R41)8%!,#28-!6%!"$%!N48H#p!:%0!741((!

"$! ,%+"2&03! "$(*! 62(8-(+.!#)%+%-! #+! "#! "$%! ,#2&"04&-! #/ !'$4"!'4*! "$%+!"$%!O%8(,4+!S++!4+-!'4*!)&%*214680!4!)4&"!#/ !"$%!(++!("*%8/3!*%&?(+.!4*!4!&%*(-%+"(48!62(8-(+.F!X4"%&3!("!'4*!2*%-!4*!=(H8s*J*!)##&!$#2*%FED

V0284J*!=o8%014+!741((3! "#!6%!-(*,2**%-!6%@8#'3!84"%&!*%&?%-!4*!"$%!$#2*%!#/ !4+!%*"4"%!*"%'@4&-3!4,,#&-(+.!"#!4!-%*,&()"(#+!/&#1!Eba`FEE

b! Mn1%"$03!X4>#*F! F!:2-4)%*"K!A"$%+4%213!EabaF

N'

3!_#8F!

ED

EE! O%"(H3! A16&2*F! F! V0284K! P&H%8! G%&%+,! Nt5%213!

53

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

78%4&803! ("! '4*! &%48! 4+-! )&4,"(,48! +%%-! "$4"!)&#1)"%-!"$%!"#'+!/4"$%&*!"#!%*"468(*$!4!*,$##8!

@80! Ea"$! ,%+"2&0F!L$%!1#*"! 42"$#&("4"(?%! -%*,&()@"(#+!*#!/4&!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.!$4*!,#1%!-#'+!"#!2*!

"$!,%+"2&0!4+-!'$#!*)%+"!$(*!*,$##8!0%4&*!"$%&%F!S"!

6%%+!48"%&%-!14+0!"(1%*!*(+,%!"$%+3!*"(88!&%*"*!#+!

%?%+!"#-40FEB

[%!*$#28-!+#"%!"$4"!(+!"$%!46#?%!,4*%*!("!'4*!)&%,(*%80! "$%(&! 2*%! /#&! )&4,"(,48! )2&)#*%*! "$4"!*4?%-!"$%!62(8-(+.*!/&#1!"#"48!-%*"&2,"(#+F

The beginnings of scholarly research

@"#14+! 62(8-(+.*! *"4&"%-! 4&#2+-! EaCDF! X4*"(+.!

"$! ,%+"2&03! "$(*! )%@

"$%!#+%!$4+-3!"$%!A&,$4%#8#.(,48!7#11(""%%!#/ !"$%!92+.4&(4+!A,4-%10! #/ ! =,(%+,%*! )&#?(-%-3!

@@

(+! 4! .##-! *"4"%! #/ ! &%)4(&! '%&%!-%1#8(*$%-! -2&(+.! 2&64+! &%@-%?%8#)1%+"! '#&H3! '$(,$! '4*!"$%+!(+"%+*(/0(+.F!A8*#!H+#,H%-!

,4*"8%!'488*3!64*"(#+*3!4+-!"#'%&*!@

"(#+*F! 7$4&4,"%&(*"(,48803! (+! "$%!-%,4-%*! )&%,%-(+.! "$%! (+"%&%*"!#/ !"$%!A&,$4%#8#.(,48!7#11("@"%%3!"'#!1(0+*!'%&%!-%1#8(*$%-K!#+%!4"!P.%&!4+-!#+%!4"!q&-F!A*!4! 1%1%+"#3! "$%! 1(+4&%"! '4*!8%/"! (+!%4,$!,4*%F!L$%*%!*2&?(?%!"#! "$(*!-40F![("$! "$%!6%.(++(+.!#/ ! "$%! BD"$

EB! S6(-F3!)F!EbF

@

*"(88! *"4+-(+.F !9#'%?%&3! "$%! &%48! 6&%4H"$&#2.$!

"(1%!#+'4&-*! "$4"!'%!,4+!*)%4H!#/ !1%"$#-(,48!&%*%4&,$!4,"(?("0!4(1%-!4"!*#8?(+.!)4&"(,284&!)&#6@8%1*3! 4+-! #/ ! "$%! 8(+H*! 6%"'%%+! 4&,$4%#8#.(,48!'#&H!4+-!'488!(+?%*"(.4"(#+*F!S"!'4*!4"!"$(*!"(1%!

E`!L$%!&%@*%4&,$!'#&H! )%&/#&1%-! (+!92+.4&0! -2&(+.! "$%!*%,#+-!$48/ !#/ !"$%!BD"$!,%+"2&0!(*!84&.%80!4**#,(@

EC!4+-!"$%!

"#!"$%13! (+!'$4"!/#88#'*!S!*$#28-! 8(H%!"#!*)%4H!@

(+.*!#/ !"$%!84*"!-%,4-%F

! V%&%,5%3! On"%&F! ! _#8F! BF! :2-4)%*"K!

E`! V#*5"#+0(3!V0284F! F!On,*3!+F!-FEC

<.#5%+"N

54

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Recent discoveriesV4"$%&(+.!)4,%!(+!"$%!)4*"!BC!0%4&*!;4+-!%*)%@

,(4880! "$%! 84*"! "%+<3!4&,$4%#8#.(,48!&%*%4&,$!'#&H!$4*!$%8)%-!(+,&%4*%3!"#!4+!2+%R)%,"%-!-%.&%%3!"$%!

4+-!/#&%1#*"!#+!"$%!"%&&("#&(%*!#/ !:2-4!4+-!O%*"F!S+!%4,$!,4*%3!"$%*%!+%'80!/#2+-!62(8-(+.*!*2&?(?%!#+80! (+!)4&"3! 48"$#2.$! *#1%"(1%*! "$%(&! &%14(+*!4&%!*26*"4+"(48F!X%4?(+.!4*(-%!4!.4"%! "#'%&! ;-(*@,2**%-!6%8#'<3!&%14(+*!#/ !62(8-(+.*!#/ !"'#!"0)%*!;1(0+*!4+-!64"$*<!$4?%!6%%+!2+%4&"$%-F

%R,4?4"(#+!#/ !62(8-(+.*!48&%4-0!H+#'+3!62"!,#+@-2,"%-!#+!4!84&.%&!*,48%3!(+!4!1#&%!-%"4(8%-!'403!4+-!2*(+.!1%"$#-*!4))&#)&(4"%!/#&!"$%!BE*"!,%+@

:2-4J*!c4+26%!%164+H1%+"F!L$%!/#2&!64"$*!(+!

&%*%4&,$!'#&H!#+!"$&%%!#/ !"$%*%!/#2&!64"$*!(+!"$%!

!9#'%?%&3!'("$(+!"$%!/&41%'#&H!#/ !14>#&!&%,#+*"&2,"(#+!'#&H!4"!"$%!64"$*3!"'#!0#2+.!&%*%4&,$%&*!%?%+"24880!$4-!"$%!#))#&"2+("0!"#!,#+-2,"!1#&%!*%&(#2*!&%*%4&,$!"$%&%F=(1(84&!"#!"$%!&%*%4&,$!(+"#!:2-4J*!64"$*3!"$%!

/288! %R,4?4"(#+! #/ ! "'#! 1(0+*! $4*! 6%.2+! (+! "$%!84*"! /%'! 0%4&*3! #+! "$%! 64*(*! #/ ! $(*"#&(,48! -4"4!48&%4-0! H+#'+! 4+-! *1488%&@*,48%! &%*%4&,$!'#&H!)%&/#&1%-! *#1%! -%,4-%*! %4&8(%&F! 7#+"&4&0! "#!%R)%,"4"(#+*!4"!"$%!#2"*%"3!6#"$!%R,4?4"(#+*!$4?%!

(+K!62)(*"&$'\=5+&=5"+

C%$'$2%1'k'T2%8+&,'(%$N'FK$,'A#$"%#($+.#(7'!.#5%"&&'.B 'T2%8+&,'C%$'k'FK"'!.#5%v&'+#$"%#($+.#(7')^(%$'$2%1N'C1$"&'/'a%.1"")+#5&F!P-*F!G&4+p#(*!cn&#,$%3!7$4&8%*!V%+%Y24+-3!Vo+*%8!Q%+-43!4+-!N(,$4%8!Q#.%&*F!

55

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

%4&8(%&!&%,#+*"&2,"(#+!'#&H3!)&%*%&?%-!"$%(&!#&(.(@

Eb! X(H%'(*%3! ,4&%/28!4&,$4%#8#.(,48! &%*%4&,$!'#&H! ,#+-2,"%-! #?%&! 4!'(-%&!4&%4! (+! "$%!%4&80!BE*"! ,%+"2&0!$4*!)#(+"%-!

c4+26%! %164+H1%+"! (+! O%*"F! O&%?(#2*803! "$(*!$4-! 6%%+! ,#+*(-%&%-! 4! 64"$! /&#1! "$%! Q#14+!%&4FEa!S!*$488!+#'!-(*,2**!*#1%!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.*!(+!.&%4"%&!-%"4(8F

L$%! /#2+-4"(#+*!#/ ! 4!1(+4&%"!#/ ! 4!62(8-(+.!H+#'+!/&#1!"$%!$(*"#&(,48!*#2&,%*!,41%!"#!8(.$"!#+!"$%!"%&&("#&0!#/ !:2-4J*![4"%&!L#'+!-(*"&(,"!(+!

'4*!14-%!)#**(68%!60!"$%!2+,#?%&(+.!#/ !4!/&41%@'#&H!#/ !6%41*!(+!,#16(+4"(#+!'("$!8(1%*"#+%F !

'4*!62(8"!(+!ECbE\B!60!"$%!.#?%&+#&!#/ !:2-43!=#@

A/"%&! "$%! &%,4)"2&%!#/ !:2-43! ("!)4**%-! (+"#! "$%!)#**%**(#+!#/ !"$%!"#'+F!S+!"$%!,%+"2&(%*!*(+,%3!("!$4*!6%%+!(+!,#+"(+248!2*%!4*!4!64"$F!A8"$#2.$!"$%!Q2-4*!:4"$!/%4"2&%*!%?%&0'$%&%!(+!"$%!*)%,(48(*"!8("%&4"2&%3! ("!'4*!#+80! (+!BDD`ZC!"$4"!*26*"4+"(48!4&,$4%#8#.(,48! 4+-! 4&"! $(*"#&(,48! &%*%4&,$! '#&H!,#28-!"4H%!)84,%!4"!"$%!62(8-(+.F!S+!"$%!,#2&*%!#/ !

)##8!*)4,%!4+-!"$%!"$&%%!&##1*!"#!"$%!+#&"$!#/ !("!

EbT,+%$""#$,'

A#$"%#($+.#(7'!.#5%"&&'.B 'T2%8+&,'C%$N'a%.1"")+#5&F!P-*F!Vn54!cr?(-!4+-!

Ea

! G%H%"%3!X4>#*F!62)(*"&$'(' $w%w88.%:(#'62)(*"&$' $w%$=#"$"' AAAN!:2-4)%*"K!' :%+,5%3! W#8"r+F!

C%1,(".7.5R'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'*"%+.)'+#'<2#5(%R

,4)"2&%!#/ !:2-4<3!62"!"$%!'488*!#/ !"$%!?%*"(628%!'%&%!H+#,H%-!-#'+!#+80!(+!"$%!1(-@BD"$!,%+"2&0F!S+!,#+"&4*"!"#!%4&8(%&!4**21)"(#+*3!"$%!6&(,H@62(8"!

@"#14+!%&4F!L$(*!84*"!-(*,#?%&0!(*!,#1)8%"%80!+%'3!$4?(+.!6%%+!14-%!84*"!0%4&FBD

*,48%!&%*%4&,$!'#&H!#+!"$%!-#1%!4+-!+%R"!"#!"$%!*#2"$%&+!'488! #/ ! "$%! 62(8-(+.F!c2&(+.! &%*%4&,$!'#&H!,#+-2,"%-!(+!BDDCZb3!"'#!0#2+.!,#88%4.2%*!

@"468(*$%-! "$4"! "$%!?%*"(628%!#/ ! "$%!62(8-(+.3! "$%!'4&1!&##1!,#++%,"%-!"#!("!;(88F!E<3!"$%!#,"4.#+48!$#"!&##13!4+-!4!*1488!)&(?4"%!64"$!"#!"$%!+#&"$!#/ ! ("! $4?%! 488! &%14(+%-! (+"4,"F! A+! (+"%&%*"(+.!

"$

"$%!,%+"&48!*)4,%!$4?%!*2&?(?%-!(+"4,"FBE

L$(*!1#+21%+"!(*!H+#'+!/&#1!84"%!Eb"$@,%+@"2&0!*#2&,%*!4*!"$%!_%8(!:%0!:4"$3!62"!4!*2&?(?(+.!(+*,&()"(#+!)&#?%*! "$4"!#&(.(+4880! ("!'4*!4+#"$%&!

"##3! ("!$4*!6%%+!(+!,#+"(+248!2*%!4*!4!64"$F!L$%!62(8-(+.!2+-%&'%+"!14>#&!48"%&4"(#+*!(+!"$%!1(-@

"$

#6*#8%"%!"%,$+(,48!%Y2()1%+"3!("!'4*!,8#*%-!(+!"$%!84"%!BD"$!,%+"2&0F!L$(*!488#'%-!&%*%4&,$!'#&H!"#!

"$%!$#"!&##1!(+!"$%!62(8-(+.!$4*!*2&?(?%-!(+"4,"!;(88F! B<3! 48#+.!'("$! "$%! /#2+-4"(#+*!#/ ! "$%!)##8!4+-! "$%! 8#'%&1#*"! *"%)*! #/ ! ("F! S+! %4,$! #/ ! "$%!/#2&!,#&+%&*!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.!"$%&%!2*%-!"#!6%!4!

BD

"$@,%+"2&0!"("$%!&%,#&-*!4+-!(+!V%#&.![%&+$%&J*!"&%4"(*%!;W"'()0+%(#)+&'<2#5(%+("'(]2+&x

j,.%&8(;.#20"#$('<+&$.%+1('62)(*"&$+#"#&+(M'_#8F!

BE

56

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

(+"%+"*!4+-!)2&)#*%*!)%&(*$%-F!L$%!?%*"(628%!4+-!1#*"!#/ !"$%!'4&1!&##1!$4?%!6%%+!-%*"&#0%-FBB

,#&+%&@"#'%&*!*"##-!#+!)4&"!#/ !"$(*!64"$J*!*("%!(+!"$

#+%!'4*! (+,#&)#&4"%-! (+"#! "$%!64"$3!'$(,$!'4*!

"$%!+#&"$@%4*"%&+! "#'%&3! "$%!*)4,%! ("!$4-!#,,2@)(%-!'4*!8(H%'(*%!(+,#&)#&4"%-!(+"#!"$%!64"$F!L$%!#"$%&!"'#!"#'%&*3!8(H%'(*%!8%?%88%-3!4&%!/#2+-!2+@-%&!"$%!&#4-!(+!/&#+"!#/ !"$%!64"$F!c2&(+.!&%*%4&,$!'#&H!)%&/#&1%-!(+!BDDb3! ("! "2&+%-!#2"!"$4"!"$%!(+,#&)#&4"%-!"#'%&!4+-!4!'488!,#++%,"%-!"#!("!4&%!

)#*("(#+*! ;%16&4*2&%*<F!L$%! (++%&! *)4,%!#/ ! "$%!"#'%&!'4*!"&4+*/#&1%-!(+"#!4!*1488%&!64"$!(+!"$%!

"$

BB

!:2-4)%*"K!N4.04&!

S+!"$%![4"%&!L#'+!-(*"&(,"!#/ !P*5"%&.#13!'%!,4+! &%)#&"! 4+! 4*"#+(*$(+.! %R,4?4"(#+F! L$(*! (+@?%*"(.4"%-!4!64"$!'$(,$!'4*!8(H%'(*%!H+#'+!62"!'$(,$!$4-!*2+H!(+"#!#68(?(#+!Z!8("%&48803!*(+,%!("!$4-!6%%+!62&(%-!2+-%&!%4&"$F![%!-#!+#"!H+#'!"$%!)&%,(*%! "(1%!#/ ! "$%!64"$J*! ,#+*"&2,"(#+h!#+!"$%!64*(*!#/ !&%84"%-!-4"43!("!140!$4?%!6%%+!62(8"!

("*! )&%,(*%! 8#,4"(#+! '("$(+! "$%! *%""8%1%+"F! L$(*!*1488!62(8-(+.3!1%4*2&(+.!a!R!a!1%"&%*!4+-!*2&@1#2+"%-!60! 4! -#1%3!'4*! ,#1)8%"%80! 62&(%-! (+!

"$!,%+"2&0!'$%+!"$%!4&%4!4&#2+-!("!'4*!

"#!6%!2*%-h!4,,%**!'4*!60!'40!#/ !4!*)%,(4880@62(8"!*"4(&'40F!X(.$"! /#&! "$%! (++%&! *)4,%!'4*!%+*2&%-!60! 4! 84+"%&+! *"&2,"2&%! 62(8"! #+! "$%! "#)! #/ ! "$%!-#1%!'$(,$! &#*%! 46#?%! "$%! 8%?%8! #/ ! "$%! %4&"$F!

"$%! %4&"$!#+! "#)!#/ ! ("3! 4+-! "$%! (++%&! *)4,%!#/ !

"$%!4&,$4%#8#.(*"! S*"?r+!9#&?r"$!,#+-2,"%-!4+!%R)8#&4"#&0!%R,4?4"(#+!4+-!%*"468(*$%-!"$%!62(8-@(+.J*! )&%,(*%! 8#,4"(#+F! L$%! 84*"! "'#! 0%4&*! $4?%!'("+%**%-! "$%! -(..(+.! #2"! 4+-! 4&,$4%#8#.(,48!

@

57

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

)8%"%80!(+"4,"!2)!"#!"$%!*2))#&"*!/#&!"$%!?428"(+.!;(88*F!`ZC<FB`

L$(*!62(8-(+.!(*!&%/%&&%-!"#!4*!%4&80!4*!"$%!&(#/1(8

62(8-(+.J*! )&%,(*%! 8#,4"(#+3! 4+-! ("*! ,#+-("(#+! (+!"$%! %4&80! Ea"$! ,%+"2&03! ,4+! 6%! ,8%4&80! *%%+! #+! 4!EbBB!*2&?%0!14-%!60!"$%!4&10!%+.(+%%&!X%#)#8-!G&4+5!Q#*%+/%8-F!X4"%&!#+3! ("!/%4"2&%-!#+!14+0!)&(+"*3! &(.$"!2)! "#! ("*!-%1#8("(#+! 4"! "$%! %+-!#/ !"$%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0F!A+!4&,$4%#8#.(,48!%R,4?4"(#+!(+!

*#2"$%4*"Z+#&"$'%*"!-(&%,"(#+!'$(,$!'4*!BEFC!1!8#+.!4+-!EBFC!1!'(-%F!S"!$4-!6%%+!8%?%88%-!"#!("*!/#2+-4"(#+*F!S+!"$%*%!'%!/#2+-!4!/&41%'#&H!#/ !

@(+.*!4+-!$4*!6%%+!#6*%&?%-!%8*%'$%&%!4*!'%88FBC

B`! 9#&?r"$3!S*"?r+3!9F!U%8%1%+3!Nr&"43!4+-!L#&143!S*"?r+F!

BCC%1,(".7.5R'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'*"%+.)'+#!<2#5(%R

L$%! 64&#Y2%! 14+*(#+! %&%,"%-! #+! "$%! *("%!#/ !V0284J*!#2"%&!,4*"8%! (+! "$%!%4&80!Ea"$!,%+"2&0!

(+!BDDD!-(-!4&,$4%#8#.(,48!4+-!'488@&%*%4&,$!(+@?%*"(.4"(#+*!,84&(/0!"$%!#&(.(+*!#/ !"$(*!62(8-(+.F!S+!

"$!,%+"2&03!4!64&#Y2%!"#'%&!'4*!62(8"!#+!"#)!#/ !"$%!.4"%!%+"&4+,%3!'$(,$!'4*!#&(.(+4880!#+!#+%!8%?%8F!L$(*!"#'%&!(*!*"(88!*"4+-@(+.F! =2&?%0*!14-%! #/ !V0284!74*"8%! 6%/#&%! 4+-!

,4*"8%!'4*!8#,4"%-!"#!"$%!+#&"$!#/ !"$%!*#2"$!*(-%F!M%?%&"$%8%**3!#+80!4&,$4%#8#.(,48!%R,4?4"(#+!'4*!468%!"#!)&#?%!"$4"!"$(*!&%8#,4"(#+!#,,2&&%-!-2&(+.!"$%!)%&(#-!(+!'$(,$!"$%!,4*"8%!'4*!#,,2)(%-!60!"$%!

,4*"8%3! "$%! *(+.8%@8%?%8! .4"%! *"&2,"2&%! /%4"2&%-! 4!&%,"4+.284&!.&#2+-!)84+F!L$(*!*"&2,"2&%!'4*!62(8"!)4&"80!/&#1!-&%**%-!*"#+%!4+-!)4&"80!/&#1!6&(,Hh!"#!("*!%4*"!'488!'4*!>#(+%-!4!*1488!*"#+%!62(8-(+.!

):"R7"%:"R+! #/ ! :2-4! 6%"'%%+!

0%4&*!"$4"!"$%!On,*!/#2+-4"(#+!6%4&(+.!$(*!+41%!'4*! %*"468(*$%-! "#!'$(,$!6%8#+.%-3! 4)4&"! /&#1!"$%! 1(0+3! 4! 64"$! 4+-! 4! -%&?(*$! 8#-.%3! "##F! L$%!

"$!,%+"2&0h!"$%!8#@,4"(#+!#/ !"$%!-%&?(*$!8#-.%!(*!2+H+#'+F!L$%!1(0+!

84"%&!)4**%-!#2"!#/ !%,,8%*(4*"(,48!)#**%**(#+F!S+!"$%!*%,#+-!$48/ !#/ !"$%!BD"$!,%+"2&03!("!#)%&4"%-!4*!"$%!)&%1(*%*!#/ !On,*J*!7(?(,!7826F!L$%!8#/"!*)4,%!#/ !"$(*!62(8-(+.!)&%*%&?%*!?428"(+.!#+! ("*!+#&"$'%*"!'488!2)!"#!"$%!6%.(++(+.!#/ !"$%!#+%@"(1%!-#1%!;(88F!

%+"(&%!62(8-(+.!"##H!)84,%F!L$(*!'#&H!'4*3!$#'%?@%&3!)%&/#&1%-!60!4+#"$%&!,#88%4.2%K!Xr*58s!V%&%FBb

Bb3'

58

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

ConclusionS! 41! ,#+?(+,%-! "$4"! "$%&%! 4&%! 1#&%! 2+-(*@

"$#*%! "$4"! 4&%!H+#'+! /&#1! "$%!'&(""%+! *#2&,%*!)82*!"$#*%!"$4"!&%*%4&,$!$4*!+#"!-(*,#?%&%-!4+-!"$4"!4&%!+#"!1%+"(#+%-!(+!"$%!*#2&,%*F!L$%(&!8#,4@"(#+!4+-!2+%4&"$(+.!'#28-!,8%4&80!6%!*%+*4"(#+48F![%! ,4++#"! &28%! #2"! %+"(&%80! "$%! )#**(6(8("0! "$4"!62(8-(+.*!/2880!2+H+#'+!%4&8(%&!#+!140!0%"!,#1%!"#!8(.$"F!L$%!6%*"!%R41)8%!#/ !*2,$!4!62(8-(+.!(*!"$%!46#?%@1%+"(#+%-!.4"%!"#'%&3!'$(,$!S!10*%8/ !2+%4&"$%-FA"!"$%!*41%!"(1%3!6%,42*%!#/ !"$%! 84&.%@*,48%!

-%1#8("(#+*3!'$4"!(+!#"$%&!,#2+"&(%*!6%8#+.*!"#!"$%!&%1("!#/ !1#+21%+"!)&#"%,"(#+3!(+!92+.4&0!8(%*!6%+%4"$!"$%!.&#2+-!4*!4&,$4%#8#.(,48!14"%@&(48F![%!,4+!6%!*2&%!"$4"!(+!"$%!,#1(+.!-%,4-%*!4&,$4%#8#.(*"*! '(88! 2+,#?%&! &%14(+*! #/ ! 1#&%!

6%4&!(+!1(+-!"$4"!*(+,%!"$%!4))%4&4+,%!#/ !6##H*!Ba

0%4&*! 4.#3! "$%! 4&,$4%#8#.(,48! &%14(+*! #/ ! "$&%%!4--("(#+48! 1(0+*' 4+-! "$&%%!64"$*!$4?%!6%%+!2+@,#?%&%-F![("$!-2%!&%*)%,"!"#!"$%!.%+%&4"(#+!#/ !&%*%4&,$%&*!)&%,%-(+.!2*3!("!*%%1*!"$4"!"$%!$(*"#&0!

8(.$"!#/ !&%,%+"!&%*%4&,$3!*8#'80!6%!&%'&(""%+F

7$&(*"(4+!,$2&,$%*!"$4"!'%&%!&%62(8"!(+!"$%!%4&80!Ea"$! ,%+"2&0! 4))%4&' "#! 6%! "$%! 1#*"! )&#1(*(+.!4&%4F!N#*"!*"4+-(+.! 1(0+! *"&2,"2&%*! "$4"!*2&?(?%!4&%!7$&(*"(4+!,$2&,$%*!*"(88!(+!2*%!"#-40F!PR41)8%*!

Ba _#8F! E!;Q#14+043!N4,4&(*"4+<N'

59

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

0"&1+)3!48*#!(+!@

(+.!(+!)4&"!'(88!*2&%80!6%!$(.$%&F![("$!&%.4&-!"#!+21%&#2*! 7$&(*"(4+! ,$2&,$%*! %("$%&! ,#+?%&"%-!

1(0+*!#&'&%,#+?%&"%-!"#!7$&(*"(4+!2*%!4/"%&!*%&?(+.!4*!1(0+*!%4&8(%&!#+3!'%!H+#'!/#&!,%&"4(+3!#+!"$%!64*(*!#/ !"$%!4&,$(?48!*#2&,%*3!"$4"!-2&(+.! &%,#+*"&2,"(#+!'#&H! (+! "$%! Ea"$! ,%+"2&0!,%&"4(+! %8%1%+"*! #/ ! "$%! %4&8(%&! 62(8-(+.*! '%&%!(+,#&)#&4"%-!(+"#!+%'!#+%*!"$4"!4&%!*"(88!*"4+-(+.F!

1#+21%+"*!140'(+,&%4*%!(+!"$%!/2"2&%F!:%8#'!S!*$488!1%+"(#+!#+80!4!/%'!#2"*"4+-(+.!%R41)8%*F!G#&! (+*"4+,%3! "$%!7$2&,$!#/ ! ="F!74"$%&(+%! Z! 4"!

-(*"&(,"! #/ ! :2-4! )&%*%&?%*! ,%&"4(+! )4&"*! #/ ! "$%!%4&8(%&! 1(0+F ! L$%! 7$2&,$! #/ ! "$%! G&4+,(*,4+*!(+!O%*"!,#+"4(+*!)4&"*!#/ ! "$%!/#&1%&!=(+4+!:%0!741((3! 4+-! "$%! T+(?%&*("0! 7$2&,$3! 8(H%'(*%! (+!

"$%!92+.4&(4+!,4)("483!)&%*%&?%*!)4&"*!#/ !4!1(0+!!S+!=5nH%*/%$n&?r&3!

(+!Eb``3!48"$#2.$!"$%!%R"%+"!#/ !"$%!1(0+J*!-%1#@8("(#+!(*!2+,8%4&F62(8-(+.!$4*!6%%+!2*%-!60! "$%!7(*"%&,(4+!#&-%&F!X(H%'(*%!-%*%&?(+.!#/ !"$%!4""%+"(#+!#/ !"$%!+%R"!.%+%&4"(#+!#/ !&%*%4&,$%&*! (*!P*5"%&.#1J*!O4&(*$!7$2&,$!#/ !"$%![4"%&!L#'+3!"$%!#+%@"(1%!N4$@H%1%!741((3!'$(,$!'4*!2+-#26"%-80!*"(88!*"4+-(+.!

!L$%!62(8-(+.!'4*!*8(.$"80!48"%&%-!(+!"$%!%4&80!Ea"$ @,4+"80!(+!EbbaF!S"*!.&#2+-!)84+!"#-40!(*3!$#'%?%&3!)&4,"(,4880!"$%!*41%!4*!"$4"!#/ !"$%!%4&8(%&!62(8-(+.F!

@*%4&,$(+.!(*!"$%!7$2&,$!#/ !"$%!G&4+,(*,4+*!+%R"!

! =,$#%+3!A&+#8-F!A !:2-4)%*"K!

' 62)(*"&$' $w%$=#"$"'F! P-F! c#1#H#*! U#*r&0F!

! =5nH%*/%$n&?r&K! S*"?r+! U(&r80! Nt5%21!

! 9#&?r"$3!9F!U%8%1%+3!4+-!L#&14F!

!G(+48803!'%!*$#28-!1%+"(#+! "$%!7$2&,$!#/ ! "$%!G&4+,(*,4+*!(+!P.%&F!A,,#&-(+.!"#!Ea"$@,%+"2&0!*#2&,%*3! "$(*!,#+,%48*!4!Eb"$@,%+"2&0!1(0+3!"$%!+41%!#/ !'$(,$!

S!*$#28-!8(H%!"#!%+-!'("$!4!"$#2.$"3!"$4"!"$#*%!#/ ! 92+.4&0J*! /2+,"(#+(+.! 64&#Y2%! ,$2&,$%*!'$(,$! (+! "$%(&! /#2+-4"(#+*! 4+-! *"4+-(+.! '488*!

1(0+*! &%)&%*%+"!)4&"!#/ !4!,#11#+!,28"2&48!$%&("4.%F!

'

60

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'$,"'&]2(%"/&,(*")'0+#(%"$'*,"#.0"#.#'.B '<"%X"5.4+#(N'C'B"($2%"'(7+"#'$.'$,"'-$$.0(#'$%()+$+.#M' $,"'Z1(0*(#+7"'0+#(%"$&['(%"' +#)"")' %"&$%+1$")' $.' $,+&'#.%$,/P"&$"%#'6(78(#'%"5+.#N'T,"R',(4"':""#'%"0(%8")'2*.#':R'&"4"%(7'(2$,.%&M':2$'#.'&"*(%($"'&$2)R',(&'"4"%':""#'P%+$$"#N'T,"+%'B.%0',(&':""#'$%()+$+.#(77R'7+#8")'$.'$,"'1(0*(#+7"&'.B '$,"'#"(%:R'C)%+($+1'1.(&$M'P,"%"B%.0'$,"&"'0.&]2"&^':2+7)"%&'02&$',(4"'1.0"N'W"&*+$"'

$,'

P,+1,'+&'('$R*+1(7'<"%X"5.4+#+(#'B"($2%"N'T,"'0.&]2"'+#'a7(#('P(&'1.0*7"$"7R')"&$%.R")'+#'$,"'%"1"#$'P(%_'.B '$,($'

$,"+%';2&7+0'B.2#)"%&',()'(7&.'"%"1$")'1,2%1,"&'B.%'$,"+%'0.$,"%&'P,.'%"0(+#")'!,%+&$+(#N'

C2$.%')+&82$2V"'.'B"#.0"#2'0+#(%"$('&('*%(4.25(.#.0'.&#.4.0'#('$"%+$.%+V+'<"%1"5.4+#"N'a.$*2#.'#"*.X#($.'

.)'&$%(#"'*(%'(2$.%(M'(7+'#+V")#('*.&":#('&$2)+V('#+V"'+8()'#(*+&(#(N'OV+,.4('B.%0('V"'$%()+1+.#(7#.'*.4"X(#('&('

0(V8"'8.V"'&2'.&$(7"'8($.78+#V"N

Machiel Kiel

The campani le -minare ts of the southern Herzegovina: a blend of I s lamic and Chr is t ian e lements in the archi tec ture of an out ly ing border area of the Balkans, i t s spread in the pas t and sur v iva l un t i l our t ime

Zvonic i -minare t i u jugois to$ne Hercegovine: spoj e lemenata is lama i k r i%"ans tva u arh i tek tur i pograni$nog pojasa Balkanskog poluos t r va, n j ihovo % i renje u pro% los t i i ops tanak do sada%njeg vremena

61

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

)&*$!"#$&!!&,+'$P1)(&%!4+-!("*!4&"3!481#*"!"$%!%+"(&%![%*"!:48H4+*!Z!:#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43!A864+(43! V&%%H! P)(&2*3! 4+-! (+84+-! c4814"(4!Z! '4*! 4! /&#+"(%&! 4&%4! (+"#! '$(,$! "$%! ,84**(,48!

:#*+(4+! =%&?(,%! /#&! N#+21%+"*! #/ ! 728"2&%3!#+,%!&%14&H%-!"$4"3!#/ !"$%!&#2.$80!EDDD!$(*"#&@

@

)&#/#2+-80! 8#,48! "&%+-*FE# S+! A864+(43! ,84**(,48!

'%88F!L$(*! +#"! 6%,42*%!#/ ! 4! 84,H!#/ ! 62(8-(+.*3!"#!6%!,8%4&3!62"!6%,42*%!#/ ! "$%! /4,"! "$4"! "$%&%!S*841! #+80! *"4&"%-! "#! *)&%4-! ?(.#&#2*80! /&#1!"$%!Eb"$!,%+"2&0!#+'4&-F!T+8(H%!N4,%-#+(4!#&!

N2*8(1!,#8#+(*"*F!M21%&#2*!4+-!84&.%!1#*Y2%*!'%&%!+%%-%-!#+80!/&#1!"$%!Eb"$!,%+"2&0!#+'4&-3!

)4*"!("*!*211("F!S+!A864+(43!"$%!84&.%*"!4+-!1#*"!&%14&H468%!'#&H*!#/ !"$(*!4&,$("%,"2&%!'%&%!,&%@4"%-!(+!"$%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0FB#S+!+%(.$6#2&(+.!V&%%H!P)(&2*3! S*841!'4*!14(+80! ,#+,%+"&4"%-! (+! "'#!

"$%!7#11(**(#+! "#! O&%*%&?%!M4"(#+48!N#+21%+"*! ;=4&4>%?#<! /#&!$%8)(+.! 2*!'("$! (+/#&14"(#+! +#"! "#! 6%! /#2+-! %8*%'$%&%F![%! 48*#!

!

a%+7.X+' X('-%+V"#$(7#2'b+7.7.5+V2M

B! G#&! A864+(43! *%%! U(%83! N4,$(%8F! -$$.0(#' (%1,+$"1$2%"' +#' C7:(#+(N!

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

60!1%16%&*!#/ !"$%!$%&%"(,48!*#@,488%-!:#*+(4+!7$2&,$!#/ ! "$%!N(--8%!A.%*3! (*! &%/2"%-!60! "$%!

EC"$@Eb"$!,%+"2&(%*F`!L$%0!*$#'!+#"!4!*2--%+!62"!4! ?%&0! .&4-248! )&#,%**! #/ ! S*841(54"(#+FC! L$%!,#++%,"(#+!6%"'%%+!"$%!*)&%4-!#/ !S*841!4+-!"$%!

#/ ! "$%! 4&%4F! N#&%! 1#+21%+"*! 4&%! )&%*%&?%-! (+! "$%! ,4)("48! #/ !"$!4+-!Ea"$!

A*"+%.$+8('!,%.#+8(

`! G#&!"$%!&(#1(8!#/ !9%&5%.#?(+4!;9%&*%H<3!'$(,$!(*!"$%!/#,2*!#/ !"$(*!

%4&80! EC`D*3!62"! ("! 4))%4&*! "#!6%! 8#*"F!L$%*%! &%.(*"%&*! "&%4"! ?(884.%!60! ?(884.%3! $#2*%$#8-! 60! $#2*%$#8-F! L$%0! 48*#! ,#+"4(+! 4! 8%4&+%-!%*"(14"%!#/ !"$%!8#,48!4.&(,28"2&48!)&#-2,"(#+F

C! L4H%!/#&!%R41)8%!"$%!'%88@-#,21%+"%-!,4*%!#/ !7%+"&48!:#*+(4F!L$%!*41)8%!#/ !"$&%%!"#'+*!;G#>+(,43!U&%]%?#3!4+-!_(*#H#<!(+!"$%!8(X(!#/ !_(*#H#!*$#'!"$%!/#88#'(+.!-%?%8#)1%+"!4*!-#,21%+"%-!(+!"$%!

$(*"#&0!4+-!"$%!)&#,%**!#/ !S*841(54"(#+!#/ !:#*+(4@9%&,%.#?(+4!(+!"$%!EC"$@Eb"$ -$$.0(#'6.&#+(3' (' ,+&$.%R' +#' *"%+7F! P-*F! N4&H2*! U#88%&! 4+-! U%148! U4&)4"F!

*(1(84&!)&#,%**%*!(+!9%&5%.#?(+43!*%%!6%8#'F

62

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

-(*4))%4&4+,%!#/ !"$%!:#*+(4+!7$2&,$!&%14(+*! 4+! 2+&%*#8?%-! (**2%F! A*! ("!$4*! 6%%+! ,#++%,"%-! "#! "$%! :#*+(4+!N2*8(1*J! %"$+#.%+%*(*3! ("! (*! 48*#! 4!)&#68%14"(,! #+%F! 7#+,%&+(+.! "$%!

"$%! "%+*! #/ ! "$#2*4+-*! #/ ! /2+%&4&0!1#+21%+"*! ; <' "$%0! 4&%! 6%8(%?%-!"#!$4?%!8%/"!488!#?%&!"$%!:#*+(4+!1%@-(%?48!H(+.-#13!/#&%(.+!*,$#84&*!$4?%!+#"! &4&%80! ,#1%! "#! ,#1)8%"%80! -(/@/%&%+"! ,#+,82*(#+*! "$4+! 8#,48! #+%*F '[("$#2"!6%(+.!468%!"#!.#!(+"#!-%"4(83!"$%! .%#.&4)$(,! #?%&84)! 6%"'%%+! "$%!10*"%&(#2*80! S*841(,(5%-! &%.(#+! (+!"$%! M#&"$'%*"! :48H4+*3! "$%! 14(+!4&%4! '$%&%! 4&%! /#2+-3! 4+-! #+%!

@,$("%,"2&48!$(*"#&0!'$(,$!S!41!46#2"!"#!-(*,2**!(*!,%&"4(+80!(+"%&%*"(+.FL$(*! (**2%! (*! "$4"! #/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%*!

'("$! *Y24&%@*$4)%-! 1(+4&%"*! #+! "$%!"%&&("#&0!#/ !9%&5%.#?(+4F!A8(%+!"#!"$%!

6%%+! &%14&H%-! 2)#+! 60! *%?%&48! 8#,48!

4+-!V#"$(,!/#&1*Fb'#&H!#+!"$%!4&,$("%,"2&%!#/ !:#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43!4)"80!8(H%+%-!"$%*%!1(+4&%"*!"#!"$%!,41)4+(8%*!#/ !

@

a#$4+-3! ?%$%1%+"80! #))#*%-! "$(*! (-%4F!9%! 64*%-!

Y.#B"&&+.#(7+$y$' 2#)'O($+.#(7+$y$'6.&#+"#&' 2#)' )"%'<"%X"5.P+#(F!N2+(,$K!

T,"' 6.5.0+7&3' (' &$2)R' +#' 6(78(#' #"./0(#+1,("+&0F!

"$%! )&#68%1! 4+-! ("*! *#2&,%*3! *%%! N48,#813! M#%8F! 6.&#+(3' (' &,.%$',+&$.%R

T,"'6.&#+(#'!,2%1,3'('#"P'+#$"%*%"$($+.#_'('&$2)R'.B '$,"'6.&#+(#'!,2%1,'(#)'+$&'*7(1"'+#'&$($"'(#)'&.1+"$R'B%.0' $,"' FH$,' $.' $,"' Fd$,' 1"#$2%+"&N!:#28-%&K!P4*"!P2&#)%4+!u24&"%&803!

A&7(0+1' (%1,+$"1$2%"' +#' 6.&#+(' (#)' <"%1"5.4+#(F! S*"4+628K!

$(*! #)(+(#+! #+! #+%! %R41)8%! #+803! +41%80! "$%!#S"!,#28-!+#"!$4?%!

6%%+!4!1(+4&%"3!$%!$%8-h!&4"$%&3!("!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!"$%!6%8/&0!8%/"!#?%&!/&#1!4+!#8-!,$2&,$F!A0?%&-(!'4*!+%("$%&!4,Y24(+"%-!'("$!"$%!&(,$!4&,$("%,"2&48!"&4-("(#+!#/ !"$%!c4814"(4+!,#4*"3!+#&!-(-!$%!2*%!

"$ @"4"(#+F!G&#1!*2,$!*#2&,%*!'%!$4?%!8%4&+%-!"$4"!

@1#+%-!14*"%&!62(8-%&*!/&#1!"$%!,#4*"48!&%.(#+*3!4+-!%*)%,(4880!/&#1!"$%(&!?4**48!*"4"%3!c26&#?+(HF!L$%! 4*$84&! 68#,H*! 2*%-! "#! 62(8-! "$%! /41#2*!

@!;bCFa!

,1<3!62"!'("$!"$%!c26&#?+(H!,26("3!'$(,$!(*!CC!

63

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

,1F!A+#"$%&! %R41)8%! (*! /#2+-! (+! 4! &%.(*"%&! #/ !

"$%!8#&-*!#/ !c26&#?+(H!"#!*%+-!*H(88%-!14*#+*3!"#.%"$%&!'("$!"$%(&!"##8*!4+-!2"%+*(8*3!"#!N#*"4&!"#!'#&H!#+!"$%!,#+*"&2,"(#+!#/ !"$%!'%88@H+#'+!N#*"4&! :&(-.%F! A+#"$%&! #&-%&! /&#1! "$%! *41%!-403!*%+"!"#!"$%! !#/ !9%&,%.@M#?(3!,#114+-*!

"$%!#(,+R"!#/ !O#)#?#!;O#)#?#!)#8>%<!"#!'#&H!#+!"$%! *41%! )&#>%,"FED! L$%!1#+%0! /#&! "$%! *484&(%*!#/ !"$%!O#)#?#!4+-!c26&#?+(H!14*"%&*!'4*!H%)"!

@

N%$1%-!:%03!'$#!'4*!48*#!"$%!/#2+-%&!#/ !9%&@

62(8-(+.*FEE![$(8%!4!,#1)&%$%+*(?%!*"2-0!#/ !"$%!*Y24&%@

*$4)%-! 1(+4&%"! 1#*Y2%*! (*! *%&(#2*80! (1)%-%-!60!"$%!/4,"!"$4"!14+0!#/ !"$%1!'%&%!-414.%-!#&!-%*"&#0%-!60!=%&6!%R"&%1(*"*!(+![[SS!4+-!(+!"$%!

$4?%!?4+(*$%-!4*!4!&%*28"!#/ !_%+%"(4+! (+?4*(#+*!#/ ! "$%! 4&%4! 4+-! 8#,48! 2)$%4?48*! (+! "$%!Eb"$ "$!,%+"2&(%*3!S!'4*!468%!"#!"%+"4"(?%80!(-%+"(/0!+#!8%**!"$4+!/#2&"%%+!,41)4+(8%@1(+4&%"*!(+!"$%!c464&@*H#! )#8>%3! "$%! M%?%*(+>*H#! )#8>%3! 4+-! 4->4,%+"!4&%4*!/&#1!4!?4&(%"0!#/ !*#2&,%*!;*%%!"468%!E<F!

ED

-#+%3!N#*"4&3!("!'4*!4!"$&%%!-40*!>#2&+%0!/#&!"$%!O#)#?#!14*"%&*!4+-!/#2&!-40*!/#&!"$#*%!/&#1!c26&#?+(HF

EE

a"%+&$+7

l#(8.4+' 4%"0"#(

64

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Table 1: List of mosques with square-minarets in Herzegovina

Place Location Name, date, state of preservation.

1Donja Bijenja

Nevesinjsko polje

!elebi"/Surkovi" d#amija (ill. 12); undated; destroyed in 1992 but perfectly reconstructed in 2006-7.

2 Bile"a Predojevi"a d#amija (ill. 13), ca. 1575; still standing as a roofless ruin.

3 Bijeljani Dabarsko poljeVillage mosque (ill. 8), first half of the 17th century; set on fire in WW II; still standing today as a roofless ruin, unprotected.

4 Dabrica Near StolacMosque of Sefer A$a (ills. 2-3), 1610/1; half destroyed in 1992-5, reconstructed in 2004-5 and reopened in October 2005.

5 Glavati%evo Konjic districtIdentified by Amra Had#imuhamedovi"; no further details. The present mosque of Glavati%evo has a minaret of a circular form.

6 Hatelj Dabarsko polje Ca. 1600-30; demolished in 1960.

7 KljuniNevesinje district

Undated; destroyed in 1992-5; rebuilt after 2000 in a di&erent style.

8 Kru#anjPodvele#, Mostar district

Undated mosque; in 1975 the square minaret (ca. 10 m high) was demolished and in the following year replaced by a concrete one in the usual form; destroyed in 1992.

9 Korita Bile"a district 17th century (?); destroyed.

10 Kru'evljaniPridvorci, Nevesinje district

Village mosque (ill. 10), mid-16th century; destroyed in 1992 and completely reconstructed in 2007.

11 MostarMosque of Fatima Kadun (ari"; built shortly before 1620, demolished in 1947.

12 NevesinjePerku'i"a D#amija; built sometime between 1664 and 1769, demolished around 1960.

13 Plana Bile"a districtAvdi"a d#amija, built in 1617 (ill. 9), destroyed during the 1992-5 war, the site having been made unrecognizable.

14 SvinjarinaPodvele#, Mostar district

Village mosque built before 1766, when an imam from Svinjarina is mentioned in the Mostar court records. The square minaret was demolished in 1975 and in the following year replaced by a new one, built of concrete and with an octagonal shaft; destroyed in 1992.

65

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

A!/%'!1#&%!%R41)8%*!4&%!1%+"(#+%-!(+!"$%!8("@%&4"2&%!62"!"$%0!4))%4&!"#!6%!64*%-!#+!1(*"4H%*FEB!S/ !"$%!/#2&"%%+!%R41)8%*!#/ !,8#,H!"#'%&@1(+4&%"*!4&%!)8#""%-!#+!4!14)!;(88F!E<3!'%!*%%!"$4"!"$%0!4&%!/#2+-!#?%&!4!&%84"(?%80!84&.%!4&%4!(+!"$%!*#2"$%&+!

"$%! N#+"%+%.&(+! 6#&-%&! 4*! "$%! *#2"$%&+1#*"F![%! ,4+! 6%! *2&%! "$4"!14+0!1#&%! #+,%! %R(*"%-3!%*)%,(4880! (+! "$%! )84(+! #/ ! M%?%*(+>%! '$%&%3! 60!

4+-!12*"!$4?%!$4-!$#2*%*!#/ !'#&*$()F!c2%! "#!&%4*#+*! -%*,&(6%-! 46#?%3! 4+-! 4+! %R"%+"! #/ ! -%@*"&2,"(#+! "$4"! (*! $4&-! "#! %*"(14"%3! %R4,"80! $#'!'(-%*)&%4-! "$%! *Y24&%! 1(+4&%"*! )$%+#1%+#+!4,"24880!'4*!12*"!&%14(+!2+,8%4&F

(+!*#2"$@%4*"%&+!A+4"#8(43!(+!(1)#&"4+"!,("(%*!8(H%!

"(1%*! #+'4&-F ! S+! "$%! :48H4+*3! #2"*(-%! :#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43! "$%&%! (*! #+80! #+%! *Y24&%! 1(+4&%"!

EB

"$!

N#*"4&F!L$%!84""%&3!$#'%?%&3!12*"!6%!4!*8()!#/ !"$%!)%+F!=(+4+!O4*$4J*!

64*(*! ;8(+)"

-(-!(+-%%-!$4?%!4!*Y24&%!,8#,H!"#'%&!1(+4&%"!2+"(8!("!'4*!-%1#8(*$%-!

*#1%'$%&%!(+!"$%!%4&80!BD"$!,%+"2&0F!L$(*!(*!'$4"!4,"24880!$4))%+%-!

-%"4(8*!,#28-!6%! /#2+-! (+! "$%!'#&H*!#/ ! "$%! 8#,48!$(*"#&(4+!9(?5(>4!F!=4&4>%?#K!

<"%1"5.4+#+! L$%!"0)%!'4*!*"(88!2*%-!60!"$%!L2&,#14+!-0+4*"0!#/ !"$%!AH!U#02+82!

4&"h! ("!$4-!4+!S*841(,!62(8-(+.!"&4-("(#+!#/ ! ("*!#'+3!-4"(+.!64,H!"#!"$%!T14004-!)%&(#-F!7/F!=m5%+3!N%"(+F! F!

@E`#

[$4"!*#2"$%&+!9%&5%.#?(+4J*!,8#,H@"#'%&!1(+4@&%"*!?(?(-80!(882*"&4"%!(*!"$4"!"$%!*#2&,%!#/ !(+*)(&4@

#/ !"$%!84+-J*!(+"%&(#&3!8(H%!N#*"4&!#&!=4&4>%?#3!62"!"$%!12,$!+%4&%&!V#"$(,! 4+-!Q%+4(**4+,%!62(8-@(+.! "&4-("(#+*! #/ ! "$%! 7$&(*"(4+!c4814"(4+! ,#4*"3!'$#*%! ?%&0! *41%!14*"%&*! ,#+*"&2,"%-! "$%1F! S+!

0+,%(:S+! "$%! /#88#'(+.! *%,"(#+*! 1#&%! '(88! 6%! *4(-!

46#2"! "$%! 62(8-(+.*! 4+-! "$%! )%#)8%! '$#! 62(8"!"$%13! 4*! '%88! 4*! *#1%! 4*)%,"*! #/ ! "$%(&! $(*"#&0!4+-! "$%! %,#+#10! "$4"! *2))#&"%-! "$%13! 6%.(+@+(+.!'("$!"$%!?(884.%!#/ !c46&(,4F

Dabr ica

(*!#+%!#/ !"$%!84&.%*"!?(884.%*!#/ !"$%!4&%4!6%"'%%+!@

?(884.%! (*! "%+!H1!+#&"$@+#&"$@%4*"!#/ !="#84,! (+!4!$(880!4+-!'##-%-!4&%43!62"!1#&%!"$4+!"'%+"0!H1!#?%&!"$%!?%&0!64-!&#4-F!A8"$#2.$!c46&(,43! &$%+1$.'&"#&23! (*! +#"! *("24"%-! (+! "$%!c464&*H#!)#8>%3! ("! (*!-(&%,"80!8(+H%-!'("$!"$(*!-(*"&(,"!"$&#2.$!("*!+41%3!

@

*%""8%1%+"!#/ !U#]"2+FEC!L$%!&2(+*!#/ !"$(*!*(5%468%!,4*"8%#,4+!*"(88!6%!*%%+!4"!46#2"!#+%!$#2&J*!'48H@

E`6"77"$"#M!_#8F!

U$2)+"&'.#'$,"'-$$.0(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"'.B '$,"'6(78(#&

(1)#&"4+"!62(8-(+.FEC! L$%! +41%! U#]"2+! (*! "$#2.$"! "#! 6%! 4! ,#&&2)"(#+! #/ ! "$%! V&%%H!

8(&$%.# W"'C)0+#+&$%(#).'A0*"%+.

!S+!"$%!EB"$!,%+"2&03!O#)!c2H8>4+(+!1%+"(#+*!"$%! !;-(*"&(,"!&28%-!60!4! <!

"$%!,4*"8%!'4*!#+%!#/ !"$%!:054+"(+%!*"&#+.$#8-*!(+!"$%!'(-%&!4&%4F!c46&(,4\c464&! (*!1%+"(#+%-!4!/%'!"(1%*! (+!"$%!*#2&,%*! ;(+!EBaC3!

(+!1(*%&0!(+!"$%!)&(*#+!#/ !"$%!/41#2*!4.V4.)(

"#!"$%!%+"(&%!84+-F!

66

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

(+.! -(*"4+,%! "#! c46&(,4J*! %4*"F ! L$%! 1%-(%?48!7$&(*"(4+! )#)284"(#+J*!1%1#&0! (*! *"(88! H%)"! 48(?%!

#2"*(-%! "$%!?(884.%3! ,#+"4(+(+.!E`C! F!A! *1488!,$2&,$J*!/#2+-4"(#+*!*"(88!*"4+-!(+!"$%!+%,&#)#8(*J!

@

@$#8-*FEb*"(88!488!7$&(*"(4+*FEa 4.R4.)(!(*!1%+"(#+%-!4*!$4?(+.!$(*!*%4"!(+!c46&(,4F

@)4&%+"80!-2%!"#!)&(?(8%.%*!.&4+"%-!"#!("!60!"$%!*"4"%F!

4+-!"4R%*!4+-!"$%!,2*"#14&0!"4R!#+!*$%%)!4*!'%88!4*!"$%!"4R!#+!"$%!84+-!#/ !"$%!N2*8(1!(+$46("4+"*!4+-!"$%!(4(%+X!"4R!4&%!8%?(%-!4,,#&-(+.!"#!4+!S1)%@

BD!L$(*!'4*!,8%4&80!4!1%4*2&%!"#!%+,#2&4.%!"$%!?(884.%J*!.&#'"$F!S+!/4,"3!("!-(-!+#"h!("!-%,8(+%-3!8(H%!14+0!#"$%&!?(884.%*!#/ !

#N2*8(1!

! L$%! ,4*"8%! #/ !U#]"2+! (*! BED!1F! 8#+.! 4+-! CD!1F!'(-%F!L$%!'488*!4+-! *(R! "#'%&*! 4&%! *"(88! *"4+-(+.! "#! "$%! $%(.$"! #/ ! *(R!1%"%&*F! =%%!

Eb

U20(%#+'F!N#*"4&K! S*841*H(!U28"2&+(!

7%+"4&3!BDDaFEa

W+"'<(#)"7&&$%(&&"#'2#)'6"%5P"%8"'4.#'U"%:+"#'2#)'6.&#+"#'Py,%"#)' )"&';+$$"7(7$"%&F!O&4.2%K!:m$1(*,$%!V%*%88*,$4/"!-%&!

BD

$#2*%$#8-*!(+!c46&(,43!"$%!7$&(*"(4+*J!(+,&%4*(+.!"#!*%?%+"%%+FBE#

62(8"!(+!c46&(,4!4!Z!/#&!8#,48!*"4+-4&-*!Z!*(5%468%!

#?%&! ("*! -4"%! (*! -2%! "#! "$%! /#88#'(+.! *("24"(#+K!46#?%! "$%! %+"&4+,%! #/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%! '4*! 4+! (+@

S"!.4?%!"$%!-4"%!#/ !,#+*"&2,"(#+!(+!"$%!/#&1!#/ !4!,$&#+#.&41!Z! !Z!

L$%!"%R"!(*!#/ !$(.$!,488(.&4)$(,!Y248("0h!8#,48!8#&%!$#8-*!"$4"!("!4,"24880!'4*!'&(""%+!(+!S*"4+628!4+-!*%+"!/&#1!"$%&%!"#!c46&(,43!'$%&%!("!12*"!$4?%!6%%+! 2*%-! 4*! 4! 1(7]2"! 60! "$%! 8#,48! *"#+%@,2""%&F!L$(*!(1)8(%*!"$4"!"$%&%!'4*!+#!*H(88%-!,488(.&4)$%&!(+!c46&(,4!#&!("*!-(*"&(,"F!:%8#'!"$%!"%R"!4+#"$%&!-4"%!(*!.(?%+3!+#"!(+!4!,$&#+#.&41!62"!(+!+21@

'#&H!#/ !4!$48/@(.+#&4+"!*"#+%!,2""%&!'$#!4--%-!"$%!-4"%! (+!+216%&*!4*! 4!H(+-!#/ ! 4/"%&"$#2.$"3!'$(8%!2*(+.!4!*"%+,(8!/#&!"$%!&%*"!#/ !"$%!"%R"F!L$%!"%R"! (*! "##! .##-! "#!6%8(%?%!#"$%&'(*%F!L$%! /4,"!

"$! ,%+"2&0! 1#&%! "$4+! $48/ !#/ ! "$%! ?(884.%! )#)284"(#+! '4*! N2*8(1! ;,/F! (88F!BD<! '#28-! 48*#! *2))#&"! 4+! %4&8(%&! -4"%! /#&! "$%!1#*Y2%J*!,#+*"&2,"(#+F

9(*! "("8%! *2..%*"*! "$4"!$%!'4*!4!1(8("4&0!14+3!4!

BE! L$%!,#+"%+"!#/ !"$%!ECaC!&%.(*"%&!#/ !"$%!9%&*%H! &(#1(83!)&%*%&?%-!

(+! A+H4&43! '4*! )268(*$%-! (+! 4! *2114&(,48! /#&1! 60! A$1%-!

a%+7.X+' X(' .%+V"#$(7#2'

#&(.(+48! (*! LFUFVFNF! U202-2! U4-(1%! M#! b! ;P*H(! M#! `a`<F!A/"%&! [F[FSS3! '$(,$! *4'! 14+0! ?(,"(1*! 41#+.! "$%! N2*8(1!

"$%!"#"48!+216%&!$4-!-%,&%4*%-!,#+*(-%&4680!-2%!"#!%1(.&4"(#+3!"#!

7&#4"*3!4+-!*#1%!#/ !2+-%,84&%-!+4"(#+48("0! ;,/F!<"%1"5.4+#"

"$!4+-!Ea"$

&%14(+%-! *"4+-(+.F!L$%!N2*8(1*! 4+-! "$%! =%&6! (+$46("4+"*! #/ ! "$%!

4.#3!4+-!(+!BDDC!"$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!/2880!&%,#+*"&2,"%-3!%R4,"80!4*!("!$4-!6%%+!6%/#&%F

67

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

,4)"4(+3!'("$!4!.##-!%-2,4"(#+F!A,,#&-(+.!"#!8#,48!8#&%3!$%!,41%!/&#1!A+4"#8(4!4+-!*%""8%-!(+!c46@&(,4F!9(*!-%*,%+-4+"*!*"(88! 8(?%! (+!c46&(,4! "#-403!4+-!4!+216%&!#/ !"$%1!4&%!62&(%-!(+!"$%!1#*Y2%J*!.&4?%04&-FBB,#+*"&2,"%-! 4! *1488!,(0(03! 4!,(#! /#&! "&4?%88%&*3!4+-!4!0"8$":! /#&! "$%!%-2,4"(#+!#/ ! "$%!,$(8-&%+F!L#.%"$%&!"$%0!,#+*"("2"%!#+%!#/ !"$%! 62(8"!

+#"!%R(*"!4+01#&%h!"$%0!'%&%!-%1#8(*$%-!-2&(+.!

'$%&%!"$%!,(#!#+,%!*"##-3!4+-!"$%!,(0(0J*!*("%!(*! 48*#! &%1%16%&%-! 8#,4880F! 9#'%?%&! 2+2*2483!"$%!1#*Y2%!1#&%! ,8#*%80! /#88#'*! "$%!#&"$#-#R!

L$%!/#2&@,%+"&%-!4&,$%*!46#?%!"$%!'(+-#'*3!/#&!@

,82-%!"$%!)0&41(-@*$4)%-!'##-%+!&##/3!,#?%&%-!'("$!$%4?0!*"#+%!*846*3!&$#16(,!*84"%*!(+!"$%!*)%@

*"4"%80!62(8-(+.*!#/ !N#*"4&FL$%! -%"4(8%-! 02B(&&(7! &%.(*"%&*! #/ ! E`bb! 4+-!

ECaC!)&#?(-%!2*!'("$!*#1%!(+/#&14"(#+!#+!"$%!%,#+#1(%*! #/ ! c46&(,4! 4+-! "$%! ?(884.%*! #/ ! "$%!c464&*H#!)#8>%F!L$%0! 8(*"! "$%!"("$%!#+!"$%!14(+!4.&(,28"2&48! )&#-2,"*! ?(884.%! 60! ?(884.%! 4+-! "$%!

#(%,<!)%&!)&#-2,"F!L$%!1%4@*2&%*! 2*%-!'%&%! "$%! 8#,48! #+%*3! "$%! &%84"(#+! #/ !

H.F<!(*!+#"!H+#'+3!62"!,4+!6%!$0)#"$%"(,4880!&%@

BB! L$%! "%R"! #/ ! "$%! (+*,&()"(#+!#/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%! 4+-! *#1%!#/ ! "$%! #8-!A&7(0&8"'

,#+*"&2,"%-!60!'40!#/ !,#1)4&(*#+F !S+!E`bb!"$%!"#"48!"4R!?482%!#/ !"$%!14(+!)&#-2,"*!#/ !c46&(,4!

F!L$%*%! )&#-2,"*J! %,#+#1(,! (1)#&"4+,%! /#&! "$%!?(884.%! %,#+#10! ,4+! %4*(80! 6%! *%%+! (+! "$%! "#"48!"4R!?482%J*!)%&,%+"4.%F!S"!*$#28-!6%!&%1%16%&%-!"$4"! (+!14+0!$2+-&%-*!#/ !?(884.%*! (+! "$%! /%&"(8%!)84(+*! #/ ! N4,%-#+(43! L$%**4803! L$&4,%3! 4+-!c4+26(4+! :28.4&(43! '$%4"! 4+-! 64&8%0! "#.%"$%&!

*$%%)!4+-!'(+%!14H(+.!2)!"$%!628H!#/ !"$%!&%*"!#/ !"$%!%,#+#10F!9%&%3!(+!-&0!4+-!*"#+0!*#2"$%&+!9%&5%.#?(+43! '$%4"! '4*! #+80! "$(&"%%+! )%&,%+"!#/ ! "$%! "#"483!'$(8%!64&8%0!'4*!/#2&"%%+!)%&,%+"F!S+/%&(#&!,%&%48*!8(H%!1(88%"!4+-!#4"*!14-%!2)!"%+!)%&,%+"!"#.%"$%&F!L$%!)&#-2,"*!"$4"!*2*"4(+%-!"$%!

@8#'%-!60!*$%%)!4"!/#2&"%%+!)%&,%+"3!4+-!$#+%03!

*$%%)!'%&%!"$%!)(884&*!#/ !"$%!c46&(,4!%,#+#10F!A!"4R!#/ !`DC!

)&%,%-%-!60!*2&?%0*!#/ ! "$%! 8#,48! 84'*!4+-!&28%*3!2*24880! (+,82-(+.!"$%! &%84"(#+! #/ ! "$%! 8#,48! 1%4*2&%! "#! S*"4+628J*! 62*$%8F! G#&! "$%!9%&5%.#?(+4! "$(*! (+/#&14"(#+!'4*! +#"! 4?4(8468%! "#! 2*F! A! -%"4(8%-!8(#2##`0"!/&#1!ECaC!%R(*"*!62"!("!-#%*!+#"!1%+"(#+!"$%!*(5%!#/ !"$%!8#,48!1%4*2&%*F!S!$4?%!,#1)4&%-!c464&J*!4.&(,28"2&48!0(%8-!'("$!"$4"!#/ !"'#!#"$%&!-(*"&(,"*!'("$!4!*(1(84&!,8(14"%!4+-!"$%!*41%!1%-(#,&%!*#(8K!"$%!/#&1%&!8(X(P26#(4F! L$%! 8(X(4+-! CC! ?(884.%*! #/ ! ?4&(#2*! *(5%*F!L$%! (*84+-! #/ !P26#(4! ,#+"4(+%-!

,+07<!#/ !

3!(+!c464&!B`! F!

A""(,4+!64&8%0!#&!1(88%"!'4*!BD!(+/%&(#&!.&4(+!R27(B!;#4"*<!'4*!+(+%! F![(+%!'4*!"4R%-!4*!12*"!#/ !,&2*$%-!.&4)%*!; <!4+-!"$%!)&(,%!)%&!0")%""$%!)&(,%!#/ !4!0")%"' 3!(+!c464&!

0")%"!'4*!bD!H.F!L$2*3!"$%!c46&4!0")%" "$!,%+"2&0!#+%!AHp%!)%&!

'4*!"4H%+!/#&!#+%!)(.!/4""%+%-!4"!$#1%3!4+-!$48/ !4+! /#&!4+!4+(148!&#41(+.!4&#2+-!/&%%F!L'#!

8(#2##`0"! #/ ! "$%! )&#?(+,%! #/ ! 9%&*%H! /&#1! ECaC! ;)268(*$%-! 60!AH.o+-o5<!*"4"%*!"$4"!"$%!"("$%!#+!.&4)%!12*"!'4*!#+%!*%?%+"$!/#&!7$&(*"(4+!)&#-2,%&*!4+-!#+%!%(.$"$!/#&!N2*8(1*F![%!$4?%!"#!4**21%!"$4"!(+!E`bb!"$(*!&28%!'4*!48*#!(+!/#&,%F![("$!"$(*!H+#'8%-.%!'%!,4+!+#'!?%+"2&%! "#!&%,#+*"&2,"! "$%!?(884.%!%,#+#10!#/ ! "$%!c464&*H#!O#8>%3!&%1%16%&(+.3!$#'%?%&3!"$4"!"$(*!(*!62"!4!&#2.$!%*"(14"%F

68

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

B`!L$%! %,#+#10!#/ !c46&(,4! (+! ECaC! *$#'*! &%14&H468%! ,$4+.%*F!

62"!4"!"$%!%R)%+*%!#/ !,%&%48*3!*$%%)3!4+-!$#+%0F!

$4-!481#*"!-(*4))%4&%-F!A!,#1)4&(*#+!'("$!"$%!+216%&*!#/ !"$%!#"$%&!c464&!?(884.%*!*$#'*!"$4"!"$(*!'4*! (+-%%-! "$%!.%+%&48! "%+-%+,0F![(+%!6%@,41%!"$%!)(884&!#/ !"$%!8#,48!%,#+#103!4+-!*$%%)!6&%%-(+.!,41%!*%,#+-FL$%!%,#+#10!#/ !#+%!*%""8%1%+"!'%!,4+!*"2-0!

(+!1#&%!-%"4(8! (*!O&%-#8>%3!#+! "$%!'%*"%&+!%-.%!

$#2*%*3!(+!"$%!Eb"$!,%+"2&0!("!'4*!4!*1488!8(&(:(!0"&1+)*3!#+%!$"88"3!

4!*1488!,(0(03!4!,(#BC

.&#'+!"#!EEa!$#2*%*3!#/ !'$(,$!̀ D!'%&%!(+$46("%-!60!N2*8(1*h! (+!ECaC!"$%!N2*8(1*!48&%4-0!14-%!2)!"$%!?4*"!14>#&("0!#/ !"$%!)#)284"(#+!;*%%!48*#!(88*F! Ea@BE<F! S+! E`bb! 4+-! ECaC! O&%-#8>%! $4-! 4+!

1#&%! 64*%-! #+! '(+%! )&#-2,"(#+! "$4+! c46&(,4!;*%%!(88*F!̀ @b<F!O&%-#8>%3!*2&?(?(+.!#+!'(+%!"$4"!'4*!*#8-! %8*%'$%&%! "#! 620! 6&%4-! .&4(+*! $4-! 481#*"!+#! '$%4"! 4+-! 64&8%0! 4+-! /%'! *$%%)F! L$4"! "$%!8(&(:(J*!%,#+#10!-(-!+#"!,$4+.%!6%"'%%+!E`bb!4+-!ECaC3!4+-!"$4"!"$%!,$4+.%!#/ !&%8(.(#+!$4-!+#!

@68%F ![("$!1(+#&!?4&(4"(#+*3!"$%!*41%!)4""%&+!,4+!6%! *%%+! (+!1#*"! #/ ! "$%!c46&4! ?(884.%*! *2,$! 4*!

Bb

B`4?%&4.%! /41(80! #/ !1#2+"4(+! +#14-*! (+! %4*"%&+!L2&H%0! ,#28-! 8(?%!

6"%5#.0()"#' 2#)'r(R7(:(2"%#' +0' 0+$$7"%"#' 82%)+&1,"#' T(2%2&F!N4&62&.K!V%#.&F! S+*"F! -F!

1(+(121F!O%4*4+"*!$4?(+.!+#!1#&%!"$4+!CD!4+(148*!'%&%!&%4880!?%&0!

1#2+"4(+*!(+!,%+"&48!U0&.05*"4+FBC!

! S"!4))%4&*!*#1%'$4"!(&#+(,48!"$4"!"$%!%,#+#1(,!64*(*!#/ !"$%!S*841(,!,28"2&48!(+*"("2"(#+*!(+!"$(*!)4&"!#/ !"$%!%1)(&%!'4*!/#&1%-!60!'(+%3!

<!(+!"$%!&%,#&-*3!62"!(+!/4,"!"$(*!(*!.&%%+!'(+%F!V&4)%! >2(,%! ,4++#"!6%!H%)"! 8#+.%&! "$4+!4! /%'!'%%H*F!L$(*! (*! >2*"!

Bb! S"! ,#28-!6%! 4--%-! "$4"! 4+! %R)%&(%+,%-!14+! 4+-!.&%4"! "&4?%88%&! 4*!

>2(,0!.&4)%*!4+-!"$%!-%8(,(#2*!'(+%!"$4"!,#28-!6%!14-%!/&#1!"$%1F

c2&(+.! "$%! 8#+.! '4&! '("$! "$%! 9#80! X%4.2%!

4+-!-%*"&#0%-!60!4!.4+.!#/ !$(.$'401%+!(+!_%@+%"(4+! *%&?(,%! 4+-!2+-%&! ,#114+-!#/ ! "$%! "%&@

Ba!O&%-#8>%!+%?%&!&%,#?%&%-F!S"*!&#8%!4*!4!*(5%468%!-(*"&(,"J*!*1488!2&@64+!,%+"&%!'4*!"4H%+!#?%&!60!="#84,3!'$(,$!'#28-!

-(*"&(,"J*!14(+!,%+"&%F

The vil lages of the Plain of Dabar

Bi je l janiL$%! ?(884.%! #/ ! :(>%8>4+(! #+! "$%! %-.%! #/ ! "$%!

c464&*H#!)#8>%!8(%*!#+!"$%!&#4-!/&#1!c(?(+!4+-!:%&H#?(,4!"#!="#84,F!T+"(8![[SS!("!'4*!"$%!,%+"&%!#/ !4!12+(,()48("0!'$(,$!(+,82-%-!"$%!+%4&60!?(8@

@#>%3!_&(>%H43! 4+-!W4*4-4F!T+"(8! EabC3! 4!+216%&!#/ !/41(8(%*!"$4"!#&(.(+4880!$4-!,#1%!/&#1!9%&,%.!

/41(8(%*!#/ !"$%!%+"(&%!c464&*H#!)#8>%3!6%8#+.%-!

"$%!#+80!N2*8(1!/41(80!"$4"!'4*!*"(88!8(?(+.!(+!"$%!

$(,%+%*! #/ ! E`bb3! ECBD3! 4+-! ECaC3!("!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!/#2+-%-!4"!4!84"%&!)#(+"!Z!#&!("! $4-! 6%%+! -(*.2(*%-! 6%$(+-! 4! -(//%&%+"! +41%F!L$%!)&%*%+,%!#/ !4!,%1%"%&0!,#1)&(*%-!#/ !*#1%!-#5%+*!#/ ! !#2"*(-%! "$%!?(884.%3!#+! "$%! &#4-!

*%""8%1%+"!#+!"$%!*("%F!S+!"$%!%4&80@Eb"$!,%+"2&03!4!1#*Y2%!'4*!62(8"!(+!

@*2&(+.!ED!R!a!1%"&%*F!S"!$4-!4!*Y24&%3!,8#,H@"#'%&@8(H%!1(+4&%"! "'%8?%!1%"&%*!$(.$F!A!0"8$":'12*"!$4?%!6%%+!62(8"!'("$!("F!L$%*%!62(8-(+.*J!/#2+-%&!(*!+#"!H+#'+h!("!140!'%88!$4?%!6%%+!4!1%16%&!#/ !

S+!EaaC3!-2&(+.!"$%!A2*"&#@92+.4&(4+!)%&(#-3!"$%!

Ba! L$%!%?%+"!14-%!4!-%%)! (1)&%**(#+!#+! "$%!)%#)8%F!O#)284&! *#+.*!&%,#&-(+.! "$%! %?%+"! '%&%! *"(88! *2+.! 4"! "$%! 6%.(++(+.! #/ ! "$%! BD"$!

6.&(#&8('4+7(

69

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

1#*Y2%!'4*!-%1#8(*$%-F!S"!'4*!&%62(8"!(+!%R4,"80!

c464&*H#!)#8>%3!"$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!64-80!-414.%-F!L$%!&##/ !,#884)*%-!4+-!#+80!"$%!/#2&!'488*!4+-!"$%! ,2&(#2*! 1(+4&%"! &%14(+%-F! A*! "$%! N2*8(1!(+$46("4+"*!'%&%!481#*"!.#+%3!"$%&%!'4*!+#!+%%-!

"$%!62(8-(+.3!'("$! "$%!$%8)!#/ !:(>%8>4+(J*! (+$46@("4+"*3! 4"! "$%!?(884.%J*! *#2"$%&+!%R"&%1("03!6%8#'!"$%!14(+! &#4-!4+-!6%0#+-! "$%!?(884.%J*! 84*"!2+@(+$46("%-!$#2*%*!4+-!64&+*F!L$%!*("%!'4*!"#"4880!

(7"0!#+!"#)!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!*"(88!4))%4&%-!46#?%!"$%!8%4?%*F!=%,"(#+*!#/ !"$%!'488*!2)!"#!/#2&!1%@"&%*!$(.$!48*#!8##H%-!"$&#2.$!"$%!.&%%+%&0F!L$(*!1#*Y2%J*! &%14(+*! $4?%! *2&?(?%-! "$%! *0*"%14"(,!-%*"&2,"(#+!#/ !488!"&4,%*!#/ !"$%!4&%4J*!S*841(,!)4*"!60! +4"(#+48(*"! 64+-*F!L$%!:(>%8>4+(!1#*Y2%!'4*!*(1)80!/#&.#""%+!60!"$%13!62"!("!'4*!+#"!/#&.#"@"%+! 60! "$%! ?(884.%J*! =%&6! (+$46("4+"*3! '$#!'%&%!?%&0! /&(%+-80! 4+-!$%8)/28! (+! .2(-(+.!1%! "#! "$(*!

Hate l j[("$! 46#2"! CDD! (+$46("4+"*! (+! "$%! 84"%! BD"$!

,%+"2&03! "$%! ?(884.%! #/ ! 94"%8>3! *("24"%-! #+! "$%!@

)"B$"% @

'("$!"$&%%!N2*8(1!$#2*%$#8-*F!94"%8>3!$#'%?%&3!@

c464&*H#!)#8>%3!(*!#+%!#/ !"$%!84&.%*"!;62"!"%&&(680!#?%&.&#'+<!1%-(%?48!+%,&#)#8(*%*!#/ !"$%!9%&5%@

94"%8>F!L$(*!:#.-4+!;-F!,4F!E`DD<!'4*!4!*%&?4+"!#

L$(*!*$#'*!'("$!,%&"4(+"0!"$4"!94"%8>!%R(*"%-!(+!"$%!E`"$!,%+"2&0F!S"!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!&%?(?%-!-2&(+.!

@

"$%!Eb"$!4+-!Ea"$!,%+"2&(%*3!60!'$(,$!"(1%!("!'4*!)4&"80!#&!84&.%80!N2*8(1!4+-!$4-!#+%!(1)#&"4+"!1#*Y2%F!P(.$"!.&%4"!N2*8(1!,%1%"%&(%*!4&#2+-!"$%!?(884.%!*"(88!"%*"(/0!"#!("*!/#&1%&!(1)#&"4+,%!4*!

@

*$#'(+.!"$4"!-&414"(,!,$4+.%*!12*"!$4?%!"4H%+!)84,%!$%&%F!

94"%8>J*!1#*Y2%3!'$(,$!$%!-%*,&(6%*!4*!4!CDD@0%4&!#8-! 62(8-(+.! ,#+*"&2,"%-! 60! 4! 1%16%&! #/ ! "$%!Vo8!:464!/41(80!'$(,$3!4,,#&-(+.!"#!8#,48!"&4-(@

!Vo8!:464!12*"!$4?%!6%%+! "$%! *$%(H$! #/ ! 4! -%&?(*$! #&-%&!'$#*%! -%@*,%+-4+"*!*%""8%-!$%&%F!L$%!'$#8%!*"#&0!*#2+-*!4)#,&0)$483! $#'%?%&F! L$%! ECaC! &%.(*"%&# &%?%48*!

@(80! 8(?(+.! (+!94"%8>F ! S/ ! "$%! 8#,48! 8%.%+-!$4*! 4+!%8%1%+"! #/ ! "&2"$3! "$%+! ("!12*"! $4?%! ("*! #&(.(+*!

f7(&#+8'X"0(7V&8.5'02X"V(!

X>26#1(&F! U$(%+' &%*&8+' X(*+&+' +' #($*+&+F! :%8.&4-%K! =&)*H4! H&48>%?*H4!

+216%&%-!#+80!"$&%%!*1488!(+$%&("468%!4+-!(+$46("%-!%*"4"%*!; <N

70

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

12,$!84"%&F!L$%!1#*Y2%!#/ !94"%8>3!4*!-%*,&(6%-!@

*2&(+.!a!R!b!1%"&%*F!S"!'4*!,#?%&%-!'("$!"$%!2*248!9%&5%.#?(+(4+! )0&41(-! &##/ ! #/ ! .&%4"! &$#16(,!*84"%*3!4+-!$4-!4!*Y24&%!*"#+%@62(8"!1(+4&%"!46#2"!"%+! 1%"&%*! $(.$F! S"! 12*"! $4?%! 8##H%-! *(1(84&!

6%8#'<3 !62"!(*!8(H%80!"#!$4?%!6%%+!62(8"!4"!4!84"%&!)#(+"!(+!"(1%3!)&#64680!"$%!%4&80!Eb"$!,%+"2&03!4+-!

'4*! 62(8"F!L$%!94"%8>!1#*Y2%J*! /4"%!'4*! -(//%&@%+"! /&#1! #"$%&! 1#*Y2%*! (+! "$%! 4&%43! $#'%?%&F!

"$! ,%+"2&0J*!'4&*! 4+-! &%?#8"*3! "$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!-414.%-!62"!+#"!-%*"&#0%-F!A/"%&!Eaba3!"$%!A2*"&#@92+.4&(4+*!2*%-!("!4*!4!*"4"(#+!/#&! "$%!.%+-4&1%&(%F!G#88#'(+.![[S3! "$%!94"@%8>!1#*Y2%!'4*!'$#880! &%62(8"3!62"! ("!'4*!4.4(+!-414.%-!(+![[SSF!O#*"@[[SS3!"$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!2*%-! 4*! )&(14&0! *,$##8! /#&! "$%! ?(884.%F! S"! '4*!

"$%!N2*8(1!,#112+("0!#/ !94"%8>!$4-!?4+(*$%-!60! "$%+3!)&%*214680! 4! &%*28"!#/ ! "$%! (+"%&%"$+(,!?(#8%+,%!-2&(+.![[SSF

Plana@

4+"*3!"$&%%!Y24&"%&*!N2*8(1<!(*!*("24"%-!#+!"$%!)84@

%+-3!#+!"$%!14(+!&#4-!.#(+.!*#2"$!/&#1!"$%!)84(+!

2*248!*"08%!4*!'%88!4*!4!,#+*)(,2#2*!,$2&,$@"#'%&@@

4"%-!#+!-&0!4+-!2+/%&"(8%! 84+-3!-%,8(+%-!&4)(-80F!

"$(&-*!$4?%!*(+,%!-%)4&"%-!/#&!4!6%""%&!8(/%!(+!"$%!*2&&#2+-(+.!"#'+*F !O84+4J*!1#*Y2%!'4*!#+%!#/ !"$%!*1488%*"!(+!"$%!%+"(&%!-(*"&(,"3!1%4*2&(+.!#+80!

'("$!,41)4+(8%@8(H%!1(+4&%"*3!("!(*!'%88!-4"%-F!A+!

46#?%! "$%! %+"&4+,%! 1%+"(#+*! "$4"! "$%! #&(.(+48!

ECbC!'$%+!$%!$4-!6%,#1%!4!)4*$43!62"!(+!4+0!,4*%!)&(#&!"#!$(*!-%4"$!

!

%R)%+*%! #/ ! O84+4J*! (+$46("4+"*F ! L$%!1#*Y2%J*!/#2+-%&!'4*!4!14+!,488%-!A?-#3!"$%!#//*)&(+.!#/ !

4/"%&!,#+?%&"(+.!"#!S*8413!62(8"!"$%!*"&2,"2&%F!L$%!

#/ ! "$(*! #8-! /41(80! 4&%! 62&(%-! (+! "$%! N2*8(1!.&4?%04&-!>2*"!*#2"$!#/ !"$%!?(884.%F!A?-#!(*!*4(-!"#!$4?%!48*#!62(8"!4!*1488!,$2&,$!/#&!$(*!1#"$%&!CDD!1%"%&*!/&#1!"$%!1#*Y2%F!c2&(+.!"$%!7&%"4+!'4&3! O84+43! 8(H%! 14+0! #"$%&! ?(884.%*! #/ ! c464&3!*2//%&%-!/&#1!"$%!-%?4*"4"(+.!&4(-*!#/ !(&&%.284&*!(+!_%+%"(4+!*%&?(,%F # @"(#+!(*!*(1(84&80!&%84"%-!"#!4+#"$%&!&4(-!60!,(V)28*!

N2*8(1! (+$46("4+"*!#/ !O84+4!'%&%!%R)%88%-!4+-!@

8##H%-!-%)&%**(+.3!1#*"!#/ !("*!BC!$#2*%*!*"(88!(+!

f7(&#+8' X"0(7V&8.5'02X"V('

71

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

&2(+*F! L$%!N2*8(1! ,%1%"%&03! $#'%?%&3!'4*! 8%/"!

/&#1!BDD`!*$#'*!"$4"!"$%!"(%!'("$!$(*"#&0!(*!*"(88!+#"!%+"(&%80!6&#H%+F

Nevesinje and the vil lages of Kru"evljane and Donja Bijenja in the Plain of Nevesinje=#!/4&!'%!$4?%!-(*,2**%-!)84,%*!'("$!1#*Y2%*!

'("$! ,$2&,$@"#'%&! 1(+4&%"*! *("24"%-! (+! "$%!c464&*H#!)#8>%3! "$4"! (*3! "$%!O84(+! #/ !c464&F! S+!

1#2+"4(+!)4**!%4*"!#/ !"$%!*.7V"!4+-!-%*,%+-!(+"#!"$%!O84(+!#/ !M%?%*(+>%3!%4*"!#/ !c464&F!L$(*!)84(+!(*!*("24"%-!12,$!$(.$%&!"$4+!c464&!4+-!(*!12,$!,#8-%&h!"$%!$(.$%&!)%4H*!4&%!#/"%+!*+#'@,4))%-!2+"(8! %4&80!N40F! L$%! ,%+"&%! #/ ! "$%!M%?%*(+*H#!

(+$46("4+"*<F!S"! (*!"$%!#+80!2&64+!,%+"&%! (+!6#"$!)84(+*! 4+-3! (+! *)("%! #/ ! ("*! ?%&0! *1488! *(5%3! $4*!)&#-2,%-!4!8#+.!8(+%!#/ !)#8("(,(4+*3!*,$#84&*3!4+-!

@14+!62(8-(+.*3!'%!*$488! (+,82-%!*#1%!'#&-*!#+!"$(*!&%14&H468%!)84,%F!M%?%*(+>%! (*! *("24"%-! #+! M%?%*(+>*H#! )#8>%J*!

*%4!8%?%83!6%8#'!$(.$!4+-!$%4?(80!'##-%-!1#2+@

(+!"$%!1(-@EB"$!,%+"2&0!(+!"$%!,$&#+(,8%!#/ !O#)!c2H8>4+(+3!62"!4*!"$%!+41%!#/ !4!-(*"&(,"!; <3!+#"!

! L$%!

*1488!$(88"#)!,4*"8%!/%88!(+"#!-(*2*%3!4+-!"$%!*26@2&6!.&%'!(+"#!4!*1488!"#'+!'$%&%!=28"4+!:40%5(-!SS! /#2+-%-!4! *1488!-#1%-!1#*Y2%3! 4! *,$##83! 4!

@

O.4+'6",(

U7.:.)('! _%.#3!O(&"7V(3'))F!EE@B!'("$!/2&"$%&!&%/%&%+,%*F

#/ ! 4&,$("%,"2&%! (+!N#*"4&! Z! /#2+-%-! 4!c4&! o8@94-(*!;$4-("$!*,$##8<!4+-!4!c4&!o8@U2&&4!;*,$##8!/#&!U#&4+!&%4-%&*<!+%R"!"#!"$%!*28"4+J*!1#*Y2%F!

14+0!0%4&*!4*! F!L$%! !#/ !"$%*%!*,$##8*!(*!)&%*%&?%-!(+!"$%!4&,$(?%*!#/ !"$%!G&4+,(*,4+!N#+@4*"%&0!(+!N#*"4&h!4!,#)0!(*!/#2+-!(+!"$%!&+1+77!#/ !:84.4>F !A,,#&-(+.!"#!"$(*! 3!*%?%+!'%88@)4(-!1%+! '#&H%-! 4*! "%4,$%&*! (+! "$%*%! "'#! *,$##8*3!'$(8%!"$%!*"2-%+"*!48*#!&%,%(?%-!"'#! !)#,H%"!1#+%0!)%&!-40F

"$! ,%+"2&03!'$%+! "$%!"#'+J*! )#)284"(#+! '4*! )&%-#1(+4+"80! N2*8(13!

1#*Y2%!62(8"! #+! "$%! *("%!'$%&%3!$48/ ! 4! ,%+"2&0!84"%&3!M%?%*(+>%J*!,8#,H!"#'%&!'#28-!48*#!&(*%F!_%@8(o--(+!(*!48*#!,&%-("%-!'("$!"$%!,#+*"&2,"(#+!#/ !4!0")%"&"3!62"!"$%!/#2+-4"(#+!,$4&"%&!; <!(*!+#"!

-4"%3!,#+"4(+%-!(+!4!,$&#+#.&413!12*"!6%!'&#+.3!$#'%?%&3! /#&! "$%&%! %R(*"*!#"$%&! (+/#&14"(#+!4,@

@

*"%%)! ,4&%%&! (+! S*"4+628! 4+-! %8*%'$%&%3! -(%-! (+!

,(0(03!4!,(#3!4+-!4!+216%&!#/ !*$#)*F!L$%!"$(&-!$(*"#&(,48!1#*Y2%!#/ !M%?%*(+>%!'4*!"$4"!#/ !"$%!

!=(+4+!P/%+-(F!=("24"%-!$48/@'40!6%"'%%+!"$%!1#*Y2%! #/ ! =28"4+!:40%5(-! 4+-! "$4"! #/ !_%8(o-@-(+3!("!,4++#"!6%!*%,2&%80!-4"%-3!62"!P?8(04!,488%-!

'#+%! #/ ! "$%! "#'+J*!0"8$":*!'4*! 62(8"! +%R"! "#! ("F!S+!"$%!)4*"! "$(*!1#*Y2%!'4*!,#?%&%-!'("$! 8%4-F!L$%!/#2&"$!$(*"#&(,48!1#*Y2%!#/ !M%?%*(+>%!'4*!

_4H2/ ! N4$484F! S"! (*! +#"! 1%+"(#+%-! 60! P?8(04F!L$%!#8-%*"!1%+"(#+!#/ !"$(*!0(,(77"'62"!"$%!1#*Y2%!12*"!6%!#8-%&F!S"!%R(*"%-!4*!4!&2(+!

$(.$F !

<"%1"5.4+#+ l#(0"#+$+' <%4($+M'

! ;2&7+0(#&8('

72

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

S+!EabC!M%?%*(+>%!'4*!#,,2)(%-!60!&%6%88(#2*!N#+"%+%.&(+*!4+-!84&.%80!62&+"!-#'+F!L$&%%!#/ !"$%!1#*Y2%*!'%&%!48*#!62&+"F!_%8(o--(+J*!1#*Y2%!'4*!&%)4(&%-!(+!EaaD3!62"!"$%!"#)!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!'4*!,$4+.%-F!S"!.#"!+#! !62"!4!,#+(,48!,4)!4+-!#)%+(+.*! (+! "$%! *$4/"! &%1(+(*,%+"! #/ ! "$%! ,41@)4+(8%!1(+4&%"*!#/ ! "$%!%4&8(%&! 4.%F!L$%!1#*Y2%!*%&?%-! 2+"(8! "$%! 0%4&*! 6%"'%%+! "$%! "'#![#&8-![4&*!4+-!'4*!"$%+!2*%-!4!-%)#"F!L$%!1#*Y2%!#/ !=(+4+!c%-%!'4*!48*#!62&+"!-#'+!(+!EabCF!S"!'4*!

#/ !=28"4+!:40%5(-3!"$%!#+80!#+%!*"(88!4,"(?%3!'4*!-0+41("%-F!S+!BDDa!S!/#2+-!("*!-%6&(*!4"!4!-21)!#/ !62(8-(+.!14"%&(483!%(.$"!H1!+#&"$!#/ !"$%!"#'+3!#+!"$%!&#4-!"#!O&(-?#&,(!4+-!O&%]%H4F!_%8(o--(+J*!1#*Y2%! *2//%&%-! "$%! *41%! /4"%! 4*! "$%! *28"4+(,!62(8-(+.F!S"*!*("%!(*!+#'!#,,2)(%-!60!4!)4&H(+.!8#"F!

@?(?%-F!S+!BDDa!("!'4*!(+!,#2&*%!#/ !&%62(8-(+.3!4+-!$4-!4.4(+!4!-##&3!'(+-#'*3!4+-!4!+%'!'##-%+!

@"$! ,%+"2&0!

62(8-(+.F

Kru%evl janeL$%!*1488!4+-!*,4""%&%-!?(884.%!#/ !U&2]%?8>4+%!

$#2*%$#8-*<3! (*! *("24"%-! #+! *8#)(+.! .&#2+-! 4"!M%?%*(+>*H#! )#8>%J*! +#&"$%&+! %+-3! "'%+"0! H1!

/&#1! "$%! "#'+!4+-!4"! 4! *("%! 4*!6%42"(/28! 4*! "$%!'#&8-!#+!"$%!-40!#/ !,&%4"(#+F!L$%!#,,4*(#+48!?(*(@"#&!.%"*!"$%!/%%8(+.!"$4"!"$%!'#&8-!48*#!%+-*!$%&%F!L$%&%!(*!+#!&#4-!'$4"*#%?%&!#?%&!"$%!1#2+"4(+*!"#! "$%!-(*"&(,"*!+#&"$!4+-!%4*"F!A!6("! 46#?%! "$%!84*"!$#2*%*!#/ !U&2]%?8>4+%3!*2&&#2+-%-!60!,%+@"2&(%*!#8-!"&%%*3!(*!"$%!1#*Y2%!;(88F!ED<F!L$(*!(*!4!

#/ !+%4"80! ,2"3! .##-!Y248("0! 4*$84&3!bD!,1! "$(,HF!L$%!1(+4&%"!1%4*2&%*!"'#!1%"&%*!(+!*Y24&%!4+-!&%4,$%*!4!$%(.$"!#/ !"%+!1%"&%*F!L$%&%!4&%!+#!-%,@#&4"(?%!%8%1%+"*!4"!4883!62"!"$%!62(8-(+.J*!*%""(+.!14H%*!2)!/#&!"$%!1(**(+.!4&,$("%,"2&48!Y248("(%*F!S"!(*!?(*(68%!/&#1!1(8%*!4'40FA! "468%!.(?(+.! "$%!+216%&!#/ !?(884.%!$#2*%@

$#8-*! )&#?(-%*! 4+! (+-(,4"(#+! ,#+,%&+(+.! '$%+!"$%!#&(.(+48!1#*Y2%!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!62(8"F!S+!"$%!

#/ ! "$%!)#)284"(#+!'4*!N2*8(13! 4+-! (+!ECaC!488!#/ !"$%!?(884.%J*!&%*(-%+"*!'%&%!N2*8(13!+#!7$&(*@"(4+!&%14(+(+.F!A&.2(+.!(+!8(.$"!#/ !"$(*!-4"43!"$%!1#*Y2%! 12*"! $4?%! 6%%+! /#2+-%-! 4&#2+-! "$%!EC`D*F!L#!"$(*!-4"%!48*#!)#(+"*!"$%!1#*Y2%J*!#&(@%+"4"(#+!"#'4&-*!N%,,4!4"!E`DJJ!#/ !"$%!,#1)4**3!#&!=#2"$@=#2"$@P4*"3!'$(,$!(*!+#"!,#&&%,"F!A"!"$%!

"$!,%+"2&0!4!-%?(,%!'4*!-%?%8#)%-!.(?(+.!"$%!,#&&%,"!#&(%+"4"(#+F!L$%!62(8-(+.!12*"!

+216%&*!(882*"&4"%!"$%!?%&0!8(1("%-!)#**(6(8("0!/#&!4.&(,28"2&%! (+! "$(*!&%.(#+3!'$(,$!,#28-!+#"!*2)@)#&"!1#&%!"$4+!1#&%!"$4+!BDD@BCD!)%#)8%F!A/"%&!

73

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

1%"$#-*!14-%!4!*8(.$"!(+,&%4*%!)#**(68%F!

Table 2: population of the village of Kru!evljane (in households)

1477 1499 1519 1585 1910 1991

Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr.0 25 0 25 13 36 31 0 28 2 33 3Total: 25 Total: 25 Total: 49 Total: 31 Total: 30 Total: 46Muslim: 0% Muslim: 0% Muslim: 26% Muslim: 100% Muslim: 93% Muslim: 91%

?(884.%&*!'%&%!-&(?%+!#2"F`D! S"!'4*! &%62(8"! (+! BDDb!%R4,"80!4*!("!$4-!6%%+!6%/#&%3!(+!42"$%+"(,!/#&13!4+-!#+!"$%!*41%!/#2+-4"(#+*F!L$%!8#,48!N2*8(1*!$4-!+#!(-%4!$#'!#8-!"$%!62(8-(+.!'4*!4+-!)84,%-!"$%!"(1%!

"$!Z!6%.(++(+.!#/ !E "̀$

The #elebi$ or Surkovi$ d!amija of Donja Bijenja.

U&2]%?8>4+%J*! *#2"$F! L$(*! 1#*Y2%! *"4+-*! #+!4! *"%%)! *8#)%! 46#?%! "$%! )84(+J*! %-.%! 4+-3! 8(H%!U&2]%?84+%3! (*! ?(*(68%! /&#1! 1(8%*! 4'40F! L$%!

'("$!"$%!1(+4&%"!#+!"$%!%+"&4+,%J*!&(.$"!*(-%F!L$%!1#*Y2%!$4*!'(+-#'*!#+80!(+!"$%!0+,%(:!'488!4+-!(+!"$%!&(.$"!84"%&48!'488F!L$%!8%/"!*(-%!'488!(*!68(+-!6%,42*%!#/ !"$%!*"%%)!*8#)%!#+!'$(,$!"$%!1#*Y2%!*"4+-*F! S"! (*! 62(8-! #/ ! "$%! *41%! Y248("0! '$("%3!

(*! *8(.$"80! *1488%&! "$4+! "$4"! 4"!U&2]%?8>4+%3! 62"!"$4+H*! "#! "$%! 84&.%! #)%+! )#&,$3! "$%! 1#*Y2%!+%?%&"$%8%**! 14H%*! 4! 1#+21%+"48! (1)&%**(#+F!L$%!(++%&!*)4,%!#/ !CC!*Y24&%!1%"&%*!,4+!$#2*%!

@

`DBDDbF!L$%!"$&%%!74"$#8(,!$#2*%$#8-*!#/ !U&2]%?8>4+%!-(-!+#"!&%"2&+F!L$%(&!8(""8%!,$2&,$3!4!6("!#2"*(-%!"$%!?(884.%3!&%14(+%-!2+"#2,$%-F

"4H(+.!(+"#!4,,#2+"!"$4"!#2&!)#)284"(#+!+216%&*!"4H%!6#"$!*(*"%&!?(884.%*!"#.%"$%&3!"$(*!1%4+*!"$4"!#2&!1#*Y2%! ,#28-! 4,,#11#-4"%! 4883! #&! 481#*"!4883!'#&*$())%&*!-2&(+.!G&(-40!)&40%&*!4+-!"$#*%!4,,#1)4+0(+.!"$%!.&%4"!/%4*"*F

A,,#&-(+.!"#!8#,48!"&4-("(#+3!"$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!

4&,$("%,"*! '$#! &%,#+*"&2,"%-! "$%!1#*Y2%! 4/"%&!"$%!:#*+(4+![4&!*2..%*"%-!"$4"!"$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!62(8"!(+!"$%!Eb"$ @84"(#+!+216%&*!;$#2*%$#8-*<!4*!,#+"4(+%-!(+!"$%!

*2..%*"!4+!%4&8(%&!-4"%K

74

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Table 3: Population of the village of Donja and Gornja Bijenja (in households)

1477 1499 1519 1585 1910 1991

Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr. Musl. Chr.

0 41 53 60 61 53 72 6 100 0 69 33

Total: 41 Total: 113 Total: 114 Total: 78 Total: 100 Total: 102

Muslim: 0% Muslim: 47% Muslim: 53% Muslim: 92% Muslim: 100% Muslim: 68%

L$%*%!+216%&*!4+-!-4"%*!*2..%*"!4!,#+*"&2,@"(#+!"(1%!(+!"$%!84*"!-%,4-%!#/ !"$%!EC"$

"$!,%+"2&0F!S"!'#28-!(+-%%-!$4?%!6%%+! 2+6%4&468%! /#&! 4! N2*8(1! 14>#&("0! "#! 6%!'("$#2"!4!1#*Y2%F! S+!4!.##-!+216%&!#/ !,4*%*!Z!/#&!%R41)8%!="#84,!;"$%!:40%5(-!SS!1#*Y2%<!#&!

*"4"%!(+"%&?%+%-!4+-!62(8"!4!1#*Y2%!'$%+!"$%!)%&@,%+"4.%!#/ !N2*8(1*!(+!4!*1488!*%""8%1%+"!&%4,$%-!

L$%!+216%&*! .(?%+! 46#?%! 48*#!14H%! ,8%4&! "$4"!6#"$!T))%&!4+-!X#'%&!:(>%+>4!$4-!12,$!1#&%!4&468%!84+-!4"!"$%(&!-(*)#*48!"$4+!U&2]%?8>4+%!4+-!,#28-!"$%&%/#&%!*2*"4(+!4!12,$!84&.%&!)#)284"(#+F!

6%0#+-!'$(,$!+#!/2&"$%&!%R)4+*(#+!'4*!)#**(68%3!

-%6&(*! ,8%4&%-!#2"F! S"!'4*!'$#880! &%,#+*"&2,"%-!(+! BDDb@a3! 4+-! (+! "$%! *41%! ,4&%/28! 14++%&! 4*!U&2]%?8>4+%F!L$%! 84""%&!'4*!&%62(8"!4"! "$%! (+("(4@"(?%!4+-!*2))#&"!#/ !"$%!8#,48!?(884.%!)#)284"(#+!

1#*Y2%3!$#'%?%&3!'4*! &%,#+*"&2,"%-!2+-%&! "$%!:#*+(4+!M4"(#+48!9%&("4.%!/#2+-4"(#+J*!.2(-4+,%!

@)%4+!7#112+("0! 48*#! ,4&%-! /#&! "$%! %+#&1#2*!#8-!,%1%"%&0!,#+"4(+(+.!$2+-&%-*!#/ !6%42"(/2880!,4&?%-! .&4?%*"#+%*! ,&#'+%-! '("$! "2&64+*! 4+-!4-#&+%-!'("$!,488(.&4)$%-!(+*,&()"(#+*3!/&#1!"$%!Eb"$ "$!,%+"2&(%*F!L$%!'$#8%!04&-!'4*!*2&&#2+-@

60!"$%!P2&#)%4+!7#112+("0F!L$%!.&4?%04&-!(*!4!)#(.+4+"!&%1(+-%&!#/ !S*841J*!/#&1%&!(1)#&"4+,%!(+!"$(*!/4&4'40!,#&+%&!#/ !"$%!#8-!S*841(,!'#&8-F

Bile$a and the Mosque of Hasan Pasha Predojevi$

@"("2-%!#/ !`bD!1%"&%*3!4+-!(*!*#2"$%&+!9%&5%.#?(@+4J*!84&.%*"!2&64+!,%+"&%F!S"!(*!#+%!#/ !"$%!/%'!8#,48!)84,%*!"$4"!.&%'!"#!(1)#&"4+,%!(+!"$%!BD"$!,%+"2&0F!

@

#/ !'$(,$!481#*"!BDDD!'%&%!N2*8(1*F`E!M#+%"$%@

F`B#L$%!"#'+!8(%*!#+!"$%!#8-!,4&4?4+!&#4-!/&#1!c2@6&#?+(H!?(4!L&%6(+>%! "#!V4,H#3! 4+-! /&#1! "$%&%!

c&(+43! 4+-! /2&"$%&! (+"#! "$%!:48H4+! (+"%&(#&!4+-!!4"!

#/ ! "$%! 8%4-(+.! +#68%14+! (+! 921! ;*#2"$%&+!@

8#'(+.!0%4&J*!)(?#"48!64""8%!#+!"$%!U#*#?#!)#8>%!

`E! 3!))F!C`@CF`B! _%.#3!O(&"7V(3!))F!EE@B3!'("$!/2&"$%&!&%/%&%+,%*F

75

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

&%*"!#/ !*#2"$%&+!9%&5%.#?(+4F!L$%!*%""8%1%+"!(*!+#"!1%+"(#+%-!(+!"$%!$(,%+%)&#64680!6%,42*%!"$%0!4&%!+#"!)&%*%&?%-!(+!"$%(&!%+"(&%"0F!S"!12*"!$4?%!6%%+!-%*,&(6%-!(+!-%"4(8!(+!"$%!ECaC! $(,%+%!62"!_#8F! SSS!#/ ! ("3!1%+"(#+%-! (+!4+! #8-!14+2*,&()"! ,4"48#.2%3! (*!1(**(+.F! P?8(04!

62"!48*#!-#%*!+#"!1%+"(#+!("!60!+41%F!A&#2+-! ECbC! V45(\c%8(! 94*4+! O4*$4!

*1488!62"!'%88@62(8"!1#*Y2%! (+! "$%! 8#,48!9%&5%@.#?(+4+!*"08%3!'("$!4!*84"%@,#?%&%-!)0&41(-!&##/ !

"$%!BD"$("*! ,$4&4,"%&(*"(,!1(+4&%"! /2880! %&%,"F!L$%! 62(8-@(+.! (*! *("24"%-! (+!4! 84&.%! /%+,%-!)8#"!#/ ! 84+-! (+!

@

#/ !4!1#*Y2%!'("$!4!,$2&,$@"#'%&!1(+4&%"!46#2"!'$#*%! 8(/%! 4+-! '#&H*! '%! H+#'! 1#&%! "$4+! 488!"$%!#"$%&*!,#16(+%-F!9%!,41%!"#!S*"4+628!4*!4!

! &%,&2("h! $(*! 7$&(*"(4+! +41%! '4*! 8#,4880!&%1%16%&%-!4*!M%+4-F!9%!,#+?%&"%-!"#!S*8413!84"%&! 6%,41%! ! ;9%4-! #/ ! "$%! G48,#+@

:"R!#/ !Go8%H! &(#1(8! (+!T))%&!

H+%'!#/ !$(1!4*! &(#1(8:"R+'#/ !9%&5%.#?(+4!4+-!N#+"%+%.&#F! 9%! $4-! 48*#! 6%%+! &(#1(8:"R+! #/ !9%&,%.@M#?(!#+!"$%!A-&(4"(,!,#4*"F!=%?%&48!"&4?@

"$!,%+"2&0!

4*!'%88! 4*! 4!6(.! ,(*"%&+! /#&!'4"%&! *"#&4.%! 4+-!4!

1%+"(#+%-! 60! O$(8())%! c2/&%*+%@74+40%! 4*!+%'80!62(8"!60!94*4+!:%03!8#&-!#/ !9%&,%.!M#?(F!S"!(*!1%+"(#+%-!4.4(+!(+!ECaD!60!O4#8#!7#+"4&(+(3!

T,"' 7($"' 0")+"4(7' 6(78(#&3' (' 1%+$+1(7' &2%4"R'B%.0' $,"' 7($"' $P"7B$,' 1"#$2%R' $.' $,"' -$$.0(#' 1.#]2"&$F! A++! A&6#&K!

T,"'-$$.0(#' 90*+%"M' FHKK/FoIF !G#&! "$%! ,#1)8(,4"%-! )#8("(,48! $(*"#&0! 6%/#&%! 4+-! 4/"%&! "$%! :4""8%!#/ ! U#*#?#! *%%! %*)%,(4880K! P11%&"3! LFAF! T,"' 6($$7"' .B ' Y.&.4.3' ('

F! A++!

<20&8./$%":+#V&8('47(&$"7(

4+-!(+!ECab!60!94+*!X2-'(.!?#+!X(,$"%+*"%(+F``#X4"%&3!94*4+!O4*$4!6%,41%!&(#1(8:"R+'#/ !=5%.%-!

#/ ! :"R7"%:"R+! ;V#?%&+#&@V%+%&48<! #/ ! :#*+(4F! S"!

-(*"&(,"!'4*! "#!6%,#1%! "$%!+#&"$%&+1#*"! &%4,$!#/ !:#*+(4!4+-!$4*!&%14(+%-!)4&"!#/ !("!2+"(8!"#-40F!

94*4+!O4*$43!48#+.!'("$!#"$%&!)4*$4*!4+-!4!84&.%!

&(?%&J*! *'#88%+! '4"%&F! 9(*! 8(/%! 4+-! -%%-*! 8%/"! 4!-%%)! (1)&(+"! (+! "$%!)%#)8%J*!1%1#&03!$#'%?%&F!N4+0!8%.%+-*!4&%!"#8-!46#2"!$(1!4+-!/#8H!64884-*!46#2"!$(1!'%&%!*"(88!*2+.!(+!"$%!%4&80!BD"$!,%+"2&0F!

``! L$%!,4&%%&!#/ !94*4+!O4*$4!,4+!6%!)(%,%-!"#.%"$%&!/&#1!"$%!+#"%*!60!N%$1%-!=o&%0043!U+1+77/+'-&0(#c

W+"'9%.:"%2#5'

<(#.4+' +'8(%(4(#&(%(V+'2'6.&#+' +'<"%1"5.4+#+F!

3!

#&(.(+48*K!X%!?#04.%!-2!X%?4+"!-%!O$(8())%!-2!G&%*+%@74+40%F!P-F!NF!W+(%+.'

)"7'm+(55+.')('m"#"X+('('!.#&$(#$+#.*.7+)F!E`h!X(,$"%+*"%(+3!94+*!X2-'(.!?#+F!f%.&&"'\"+&"#'2#)'6"5":"#,"+$"#')"%'<"%#'S.7B '!,%+&$.*,'4.#'\.$"#,(#'h"$1NiN'")F!9%&14++!G&%($%&&!?#+!

76

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

`C#A+!

L2&H(*$!46#2"!$(1F #X#,4880! ("! (*! "#8-! "$4"!94*4+!O4*$4!48*#!,#+@

*"&2,"%-!4!,$2&,$!/#&!$(*!1#"$%&!(+!"$%!?(884.%!#/ !

O84+4!4+-!V4,H#F!L$%!8#,48!)#)284"(#+!,488%-!"$%!@

"$!,%+"2&03!)%#)8%! *"(88! *4+.! 46#2"! "$%! ,#+*"&2,"(#+!#/ ! "$%!

`b!L$%!&2(+*!#/ !"$(*!,$2&,$!,4+!*"(88!6%!*%%+3!("*!84+-!&%.@

-(.+("4&(%*!'$#!'%&%!*4(-!"#!$4?%!62(8"!1#*Y2%*!4*! '%88! 4*! ,$2&,$%*! 4&%! /4?#2&%-! ,$4&4,"%&*! (+!8#,48! /#8H8#&%! ;,#1)4&%! O84+4<F! 9%&%3! $#'%?%&3!'%!*%%1!"#!$4?%!4+!4,"248!,4*%F`a!G#8H!"&4-("(#+*!'&(""%+! -#'+! 4"! "$%! BD"$! ,%+"2&0J*! 6%.(++(+.!4""&(62"%! %?%+! 1#&%! ,$2&,$%*! "#! c%8(! 94*4+!O4*$43! (+,82-(+.! "$%! .&%4"! 1#+4*"%&0! ,$2&,$%*!#/ ! N#]"4+(,4! 4+-! Q14+>! (+! +#&"$%&+! :#*+(43!-(&%,"80! /4,(+.! 7&#4"(4+! "%&&("#&0F! A,,#&-(+.! "#!

a($"%#+8'EbB!(+!"$%!=%&6(4+!1#+4*"%&0!#/ !9(8%+-4&!#+!N#2+"!A"$#*3!"$%!.&%4"!,$2&,$!#/ !N#]"4+(,4!'4*!,#1@

,#+Y2%&%-!"$%!7&#4"(4+!/#&"&%**!#/ !O%"&(+>%!;CD!H1! *#2"$! #/ ! W4.&%6<! (+! ECbCF! S"! (*! *2..%*"%-!"$4"!$%!,#+*"&2,"%-! "$%!,$2&,$%*!#/ !N#]"4+(,4!4+-!Q14+>! 4*! *016#8*! #/ ! $(*! ?(,"#&0! #?%&! "$%!74"$#8(,*!4"!O%"&(+>%F!N#*"!*"&(H(+.803!N#]"4+(,4J*!

@14+!,#+*"&2,"(#+!"%,$+(Y2%*!4+-!-%,#&4"(?%!%8@

`CU*.0"#+8'U%*&8"'Y%(7V"4&8"'C8()"0+V"

! A! ,#)0! #/ ! ("! (*! )&%*%&?%-! (+! "$%! ?4*"! ,#88%,"(#+! W6#&+(H! P+?%&(!

945(1F! F!

`b 6.&(#&8('4+7(3!52&7(

`aU7.:.)(

%1%+"*F !c2&(+.![[SS!7&#4"!+4"(#+48(*"!/#&,%*!

"$!,%+"2&0!-%/%4"*3!4+-!4*!4+!CD!

Kazanci

&(#1(8<3!4+-!12,$!#/ !9%&5%.#?(+4J*!*#2"$%&+!4+-!'%*"@%&+!)4&"*3!*2//%&%-!"%&&(680!/&#1!)82+-%&3!-%*"&2,@

@14+!)4*$4!)&#1#"%-!$(*!6(&"$!)84,%3!"$%!$418%"!

8(&(:(!60!/#2+-(+.!4!1#*Y2%3!4!0")%"&"3!4!0"8$":3!*"468%*3!4! 3!4+-!4!&#'!#/ !*$#)*3!$%!48*#!6&#2.$"!/&%*$!'4"%&!"#!"$%!*%""8%@1%+"! "$&#2.$! 4! *)%,(48! 2+-%&.&#2+-! 62(8-(+.3!

8.#(8"$%!-%,4-%!(11%-(4"%80!4/"%&!"$%!"%&&(68%!'4&!$4-!

,(V)28*! 4+-! N#+"%+%.&(+*!2+-%&!"$%!12,$@/%4&%-!:4>#!O(?8>4+(+!-%*"&#0%-!

8(&(:(!4+-!H(88%-!#&!,4&&(%-!

@

U454+,(J*!8#,48!)#)284"(#+!8#+.!&%1%16%&%-!("*!-%*"&2,"(#+F!G#8H! *#+.*! 46#2"! ("!'%&%! ,#88%,"%-!

! G#&! "$%! 1%+"(#+%-! 1#+4*"%&(%*! *%%! "$%! )&#?#H(+.! *"2-0! #/ !

a%+7.X+'+)"03'

U$(%+#(%

%R,%88%+"!'#&H*K!^%?#3!X>(8>4+4F!;.#(&$"%+"&'(#)'P..)"#' 1,2%1,"&' .B ' $,"'6(#V('q28('9*(%1,R(882*"&4"%-<3! 4+-!^2)2"3!N4&(,4F!U*.0"#+1+' &%*&8.5' 1%84"#.5' 5%()+$"7V&$4('smA/smAA'4"8

CDQ14+>! ;#+! "$%! &(?%&! T+43! "'%8?%! H1! *#2"$! #/ ! U28%+! _4H2/<! (+!

#,,4*(#+!*#1%! /&4.1%+"*!#/ ! /&%*,#!)4(+"(+.!'%&%!-(*,#?%&%-! "$4"!*"08(*"(,4880!)#(+"!"#!"$%!%+-!#/ !"$%!EC"$!#&!"$%!%4&80!-%,4-%*!#/ !"$%!

"$!,%+"2&0F!L$%&%!4&%!48*#!*#1%!$(*"#&(,48!+#"%*!/&#1!"$%!84"%@EC"$!"$!,%+"2&0!62"!("!(*!+#"!,%&"4(+!(/ !"$%0!)%&"4(+!"#!Q14+>!

#&! "#! 4+#"$%&! 1#+4*"%&0F! G#&! -%"4(8*! ;4+-! "$%! 4))488(+.! *"4"%! #/ !U*.0"#+1+

'("$! "$%!)&#68%1!#/ ! "$%!-4"%! ?%&0! ,4&%/2880! 4+-!)&#?(-%*! /2&"$%&!&%/%&%+,%*F

77

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

78

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

CE

*4'!"$%!/#2+-4"(#+!#/ !"$%!*"468%*!4+-!"$%!8.#(8!@

"$(*!-%*%&"%-!)84,%F!L$%!1(+4&%"!#/ !"$%!U454+,(!!*"4+-*!8#+%80!#2"*(-%!"$%!$418%"3!

481#*"!(11%-(4"%80!4"!"$%!6#&-%&!6%"'%%+!9%&@5%.#?(+4! 4+-! "$%! Q%)268(,! #/ ! N#+"%+%.&#F! S"!*$#'*!+#!8#+.%&!"$%!,$2&,$@"#'%&!/#&1!62"!"$%!

"#)!%+-!;*"$"8<!,&#'+%-!60!4!8%4-@,#?%&%-!,#+(,48!,4)!;+#'!1(**(+.<F![%!140!"4H%!"$(*!*016#8(,4880!4*!4!*(.+!"$4"3!4/"%&!"$%!"%&&(68%!7&%"4+![4&3!"$%!N2*8(1*! #/ ! 9%&5%.#?(+43! %?%+! "$#*%! #2"*(-%!"$%! .&%4"! ,%+"&%*3! 1#&%! *"&#+.80! &%48(5%-! "$%(&!&%8(.(#+J*!?482%*!4+-!,$#*%!"#!62(8-!"$%!1#*"!,#+@

CEU+1+77/+'-&0(#c'%&%!)268(*$%-!(+!"$%!>#2&+48!6.&(#&8('4+7(

a.&7")#V"'

5.)NLM' *.' (%,+4&8+0' *.)(1+0(F! :%8.&4-%K! ^"41)4&(>4!U&48>%?(+%! =&6(>%3!

4*!4!"&2%!1(+4&%"!$4-!"#!6%F!L$%!U454+,(!1(+4&%"!"$2*!)&%*214680!14&H*! "$%! %+-!#/ ! "$%! ,2&(#2*!

Concluding remarks [("$! $%8)! #/ ! *#8(-! -4"43! S! $4?%! *$#'+! "$4"!

"$%!*)&%4-!#/ !S*841!(+!"$%!#(,+R"&!#/ !c46&4!4+-!M%?%*(+>%! '4*! 4! )&#,%**! '$(,$! *"&%",$%-! /#&!1#&%!"$4+!4!,%+"2&0!;*%%!(88*F!E`@BE<F!G&#1!5%&#!

"$!,%+"2&0F!L$%!%1%&.%+,%!#/ !"$%!8(""8%!"#'+!#/ !O&%-#8>%!4"!"$%!%-.%!#/ !"$%!c464&*H#!)#8>%3!"$%!/#2+-4"(#+!#/ !"$%!8(&(:(!#/ !U454+,(!(+!"$%!/#&@1%&!#(,+R"!#/ !V4,H#3!4+-!"$%!"#'+!#/ !M%?%*(+>%J*!-%?%8#)1%+"3!'%&%!%R)&%**(#+*!#/ !4!,8%4&!2&64+@(54"(#+!)#8(,03!'$(,$!'4*!#+80!"#!6%!2+-#+%!60!

"$%&%! (*! 4! ,#+*(-%&468%! -(//%&%+,%! 6%"'%%+! "$%!-%?%8#)1%+"!#/ !S*841(,!,28"2&%!(+!"$%!)84(+*!#/ !c464&! 4+-!M%?%*(+>%3! 4+-! "$4"! ,28"2&%J*! /4"%! (+!"$%! BD"$4+-!c46&(,43!"$%!1#+21%+"*!#/ !c464&J*!S*841(,!,28"2&%! ,4+! #+80! 6%! &%"&4,%-! (+!'&(""%+! *#2&,%*!4+-!(+?%*"(.4"(#+!#+!"$%!*)#"F!N4+0!1#&%!*2,$!1#+21%+"*!12*"! $4?%! %R(*"%-! (+! "$%! )4*"3! 62"!"$%! %?(-%+,%! (*! 8#*"F! S+! "$%!)84(+! #/ !M%?%*(+>%3!

'4*!48*#!#+80!4!)4&"!#/ !4!12,$!.&%4"%&!)&#-2,@"(#+F!L$%!*)&%4-!#/ !S*841!(+!"$%!-(*"&(,"!'4*3!4*!%8*%'$%&%! (+!:#*+(4@9%&5%.#?(+43! *)#+"4+%#2*3!?#82+"4&03!4+-3!1#*"!(1)#&"4+"803!Y2("%!.&4-248F!

'$(,$! #+80! "'#! #&(.(+48! %R41)8%*! *2&?(?%! 4+-!"$&%%!,4+!6%!&%,#+*"&2,"%-3!?(?(-80!(882*"&4"%*!"$%!/4,"!"$4"!"$%!*#2"$%&+!9%&5%.#?(+4!'4*!&%4880!4"!"$%!?%&0!%-.%!#/ !"$%!S*841(,!'#&8-3!+#"!#+80!(+!"$%!.%#.&4)$(,483!62"! 48*#! (+! "$%!,28"2&48! *%+*%F!S+/#&14"(#+!#+!"$%!-(*"&(,"J*!,28"2&48!(+*"("2"(#+*!$4*! 6%%+! 4**%168%-! )(%,%1%48F! S+! 4! )##&! 4+-!*"#+0! -(*"&(,"! *2,$! 4*! "$%! c464&*H#! )#8>%! "$%0!,#28-!#+80!6%!*1488!4+-!2+(1)&%**(?%F!S+!"$%!8(H%@'(*%!)##&3!62"!$(.$!4+-!,#8-!)84(+!#/ !M%?%*(+>%!"$%!*("24"(#+!'4*!12,$!"$%!*41%F!N#&%!&%14(+*!"#!6%!8%4&+%-!46#2"!"$(*!*26>%,"F!L$%!Y2%*"(#+!#/ !'$0!*#1%!)%#)8%!#)"%-!"#!$4?%!4!,$2&,$@"#'%&!1(+4&%"! 4+-! #"$%&*! Z! 64*(,4880! (+! "$%! "#'+*3!

79

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"$%(&!1#*Y2%*3! (*! *2,$!4!)&#68%1F!N#*"!#/ ! "$%!)4"&#+*!$4-!4!?(884.%!64,H.&#2+-3!62"!4"!8%4*"!"'#!

94*4+!*)%+"!$(*!/#&14"(?%!0%4&*!(+!"$%!,4)("483!S*@"4+6283!4+-!"$2*!'4*!4,Y24(+"%-!'("$!"$%!*"08%!#/ !("*!1#+21%+"*h!#&!-(-!$%!.(?%!"$%!#&-%&!"#!62(8-!4!1#*Y2%!4+-!)&#?(-%!"$%!1#+%0!"#!-#!("!'("$@#2"!$4?(+.!"$%!#))#&"2+("0!"#!#?%&*%%!"$%!'#&H!

[%!$4?%!"#!8%4?%!"$%*%!Y2%*"(#+*!#)%+!4+-!$#)%!#+80!"#!$4?%!*2,,%%-%-3!#+!)4)%&!4"!8%4*"3!"#!$4?%!&%"&(%?%-! *#1%! 4*)%,"*!#/ ! "$%! 8(""8%! H+#'+!4+-!481#*"!/#&.#""%+!S*841(,!$(*"#&0!#/ !"$%![%*"%&+!:48H4+*F!

80

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'$,"'5%()2(7'+#$"5%($+.#'.B 'W(0(&12&'*%.4+#1"'+#$.'$,"'-$$.0(#'&R&$"0'+#'$,"'FQ$,'1"#$2%RM'(#)'(%1,+$"1$2%" &̂'%.7"'+#'$,+&'*%.1"&&N'U,"'B.12&"&'.#'0.#20"#$&'.#'$,"'UR%+(#'&"1$+.#'.B '$,"'+0*"%+(7'%.()&M'P,+1,'

.B '$%(4"77"%&N'A#$"%"&$+#57RM'+#'$"%0&'.B '&$R7"'$,"&"'1.0*7"@"&'P"%"'17.&"%'$.'$,"'-$$.0(#'Z+0*"%+(7'&$R7"['.B 'A&$(#:27'$,(#'$.'$,($'.B '-$$.0(#'W(0(&12&M'$,.25,'+$'(7&.'+#172)")'B"($2%"&'.B '$,"'7($$"%N'U*"1+(7'($$"#$+.#'+&')"4.$")'$.'6.&#+(#/:.%#'q(7(';2&$(B('a(&,( &̂'B.2#)($+.#'+#'z2#(R$%(M':"52#'+#'FdQHM'P,+1,'+#172)")'('b%+)(R'0.&]2"M'(#)'$,"'"#).P0"#$')"")'.B 'P,+1,'*%.4+)"&'('5%"($')"(7'.B '+#B.%0($+.#'(:.2$'$,"'1.0*7"@ &̂'B2#1$+.#&N

/

.'B2#81+V(0('8.0*7"8&(N

Marianne Boqvist

“Cent re” and “per iphery” in the Syr ian count rys ide: the archi tec ture of mosques in governmenta l foundat ions on the Ot toman imper ia l roads

“Cent r i” i “per i fer i je” u Si r i j skoj pokraj in i : arh i tek tura d#amija u zadu#binama upravi te l ja na su l tansk im ces tama

81

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Introduction&!!&,+'$,&152#1$ /'$+%'80!,#+Y2%&%-!,("(%*!'%&%3! '$%+! *)#+*#&%-! 60! )4"&#+*! '$#! '%&%!)4&"!#/ !"$%!,%+"&48!)#'%&!*"&2,"2&%*!(+!S*"4+6283!"0)(,4880!62(8"!4,,#&-(+.!"#!4!

E @"(,!%R41)8%*!#/ !"$(*!*"08%!'4*!"$%!*(+.8%!-#1%-!1#*Y2%3! /%4"2&(+.! 4! ,%+"&48(5%-! )&40%&! $488!*2&1#2+"%-! 60! 4! $%1(*)$%&(,483! 8%4-@,#?%&%-!-#1%3! )&%,%-%-! 60! 4! -#1%-! )#&"(,#3! 4+-!

#/ !&#048!)4"&#+*<!,&#'+%-!60!4!)#(+"%-!,4)F!S+!

P(]B*!;%+-#'@

"$!,%+"2&0F!L$%(&!(1)4,"!#+!"$%!4&,$("%,"2&%!4+-!2&64+!#&.4+(54"(#+!#/ !"$%!

E! L$(*!)4)%&! (*!)4&"!#/ !4+!#+.#(+.! &%*%4&,$!)&#>%,"3! /2+-%-!60! "$%!='%-(*$! S+"%&+4"(#+48! c%?%8#)1%+"! 7##)%&4"(#+! A.%+,0! ;=(-4<F!N0!.&4"("2-%!.#%*!"#!"$%!=0&(4+!1(+(*"&0!#/ !L#2&(*1!4+-!728"2&%3!"$%! =0&(4+! c%)4&"1%+"! #/ ! A+"(Y2("(%*! 4+-! N2*%21*! 4*! '%88! 4*!"$%!L2&H(*$!1(+(*"&0! #/ !728"2&%3!'$#*%! 42"$#&(*4"(#+*! $4?%! 6%%+!,&2,(48!/#&!"$(*!'#&H3!4*!'%88!4*!"#!"$%!#&.4+(5%&*!#/ !"$%!,#+/%&%+,%!4+-! 79':!'$#! .4?%!1%! "$%! #))#&"2+("0! "#! )&%*%+"! "$(*! )4)%&F!

"$! ,%+"2&0! A8%))#! 4+-!;2](%#(&

W%("8(4+3!9%.+4&F!T,"'+0(5"'.B '(#'-$$.0(#'1+$R3'+0*"%+(7'(%1,+$"1$2%"'(#)'2%:(#'"@*"%+"#1"'+#'C7"**.'+#'$,"'FQ$,'(#)'Fn$,'1"#$2%+"&F!X%(-%+K!:&(883!BDD`F!

,("0! (*! /4(&80!'%88! H+#'+! 4+-! 4,H+#'8%-.%-! 4*!B!

L$%!4(1!#/ !"$(*!)4)%&!(*!"#!-(*,2**!62(8-(+.*!"$4"! '%&%! )4&"! #/ ! "$%*%! '4Y/*! 62"! '$(,$!'%&%!8#,4"%-! (+! *"&4"%.(,!)84,%*! 48#+.! "$%!=0&(4+! *%,@"(#+! #/ ! "$%! (1)%&(48! &#4-*! "#'4&-*! O48%*"(+%3!74(&#3!4+-!"$%!Q%-!=%4!;"$%!_(4!N4&(*<!4+-!"$%!

!"$4"!

=0&(4+! )4&"! #/ ! "$%!V#84+!9%(.$"*<3! /#2+-%-! (+!

! P?%+!"$#2.$! "$%*%! ,#1)8%R%*! '%&%! ,#11(**(#+%-!60!"$%!*28"4+!"#!*%,2&%!"$%!*4/%!)4**4.%!#/ !14(83!)(8.&(1*3!4+-!,#11%&,(48!,4&4?4+*3!4+-!"$2*!$%8-!

)^(*%v&' $%.+&' P(]B&' .$$.0(#&

"$! 4+-! Eb"$C\C;

b+B$,'A#$"%#($+.#(7'!.#5%"&&'.B 'T2%8+&,'C%$N'E62)(*"&$M'FGndLF!P-F!Vn54!G%$n&F!

.&%4"!P(]B

4+-!$(*!-%4"$!(+!

82

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

;#&!#"$%&<!4""%+"(#+!"#!-4"%F`

L$%*%! *"#)*! 4&%! "#-40! (+! 2&.%+"! +%%-! #/ !*#1%!H(+-!#/ !)&%*%&?4"(#+!4,"(#+F!L$%!1#*Y2%!

4!-%*%&"%-!"#'+hC!"$4"!(+!=4J*4J!$4*!&%,%+"80!6%%+!&%*"#&%-3!62"!(*!8#,4"%-!(+!"$%!,%+"&%!#/ !4!&2(+%-!

`! N4&-41! :%H3! U$48(8F!F!

"%&13!48*#!2*%-!/#&!"$%!*28"4+(,!/#2+-4"(#+*!(+!c414*,2*!(+-(,4"%*!"$%!(1)%&(48!(+?#8?%1%+"!(+!"$%!/#2+-4"(#+F!S"!,4+!"$4"!,4+!6%!)2"!(+!,#+"&4*"!'("$!"$%!"%&1! !"$4"!'4*!2*%-!/#&!"$%!#"$%&!,#1)8%R%*!(+!"$%!)&#?(+,%3!*#1%!#/ !'$(,$!(+,82-%-!)268(,!H(",$%+*F!=%%3!N%(%&3!

b"")+#5'*".*7"M'B"")+#5'*.P"%3'+0(%"$&'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'90*+%"F!P-*F!M(+4!P&.(+3!7$&(*"#)$!

E`E@E`BF!C! A,,#&-(+.!"#!=,$214,$%&3!V#""8(%6F!T,"'>(27`#3'&2%4"R")'B.%'$,"'f"%0(#'

U.1+"$R'B.%'$,"'9@*7.%($+.#'.B '$,"'<.7R'q(#)F!X#+-#+K!QF!:%+"8%0!g!*#+3!

)F!C`DF

83

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

48&%4-0! Y2("%! '%88! )&%*%&?%-3! (*! )&%*%+"80! 6%(+.!

4(1*!#/ !"$(*!)4)%&!(*!"#!.(?%!4+!%R41)8%!#/ !$#'!/2&"$%&! (+/#&14"(#+! 46#2"! "$%*%! *"&2,"2&%*! ,4+!6%! #6"4(+%-! "$&#2.$! "$%! ,#1)4&4"(?%! *"2-0! #/ !'&(""%+! *#2&,%!14"%&(48! *2,$!4*! "&4?%8! 4,,#2+"*3!$(*"#&(,48!)$#"#*3! 4+-!10!#'+!#6*%&?4"(#+*!#/ !"$%!14"%&(48!&%14(+*F !

"$%! #&(.(+48! /%4"2&%*! &%14(+3! "$%! (+"%&)&%"4"(#+!#/ !("*!,#1)#*("%!)4&"*!(*!14(+80!64*%-!#+!"$%!(+@

,$4&"%&<Fb!P?%+! "$#2.$! ("!-#%*!+#"! (+-(,4"%!4+0!

#/ !*)4,%!4*!'%88!4*!*#1%!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48F!@

#+80!)&#?(-%!*2114&0!62(8-(+.!-%*,&()"(#+*3!62"!"$%!,#1)8%R%*!4&%!*"(88!(+!)84,%F!L$(*!(*!)&#68%1@4"(,3! %*)%,(4880! (+! "$%! ,4*%! #/ ! =4J*4J3! '$%&%! "$%!1#*Y2%!'4*! &%,%+"80! "$#&#2.$80! &%*"#&%-Fa! :2"!

@"%&!)&%*%&?%-!4+-!4!.&#2+-!)84+!'4*!)268(*$%-!

H+#'!1#&%!46#2"!"$%!2*%!#/ !*)4,%!4+-!"$%!#&(.(@+48!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48F!

@"(#+! 4*! 4))4&%+"! (+! "$%! ,4*%!#/ ! "$%*%!1#*Y2%*3!$#'! "$%*%! 62(8-(+.*! -(*"(+.2(*$%-! "$%1*%8?%*!/&#1!"$%!8#,48!4&,$("%,"2&48!"&4-("(#+!(+!"$%!)&#?@(+,%!#/ !=0&(43!4+-!$#'!"$%0!&%84"%!"#!"$%!4&,$("%,@

74&4?4+*n&4(8*!=0&(%+*!-2!94->->!-%!7#+*"4+"(+#)8%3!(+K!C%&'A&7(0+1(3!

,(?(,!,%+"%&!#/ !c%/"%&-4&!N2&4-!7%8%6(!(+!N4J4&&4"!4+@M2J14+!4+-!n'1"#$2%+"&'.B '

-$$.0(#' (%1,+$"1$2%"3' Z(' &2*%(/#($+.#(7'<"%+$(5"[

6%%+! *"2-(%-! 4+-!)268(*$%-!60!A&+4J#2"3!N2$4114-F!3!

N! O4*,2483!W(0(&(+/#&14"(#+! #+! "$%! *28"4+J*! (+?#8?%1%+"! (+! "$%! /#2+-4"(#+3! *%%!9%0-3!T&(%8F!-$$.0(#').120"#$&' .#'a(7"&$+#"'FddJ/FQFd3' (' &$2)R' .B ' $,"'

U"R,($#(0"&+M'

b! N4&-41!:%H3!

3!

"2&%!#/ !"$%!*26*%Y2%+"!,%+"&%*!#/ !"$%!)&#?(+,%!4+-!"$%!%1)(&%F!L$(*!(*!4!*"%)!"#'4&-*!4!&%,#+@

Visualization of Ottoman presenceL$%!%R)#*%-!*("24"(#+!#/ !"$%*%!"$&%%!*("%*3!#+!

"$%!6#&-%&!6%"'%%+!*%-%+"4&0!4+-!:%-#2(+!"%&&(@"#&03!'4*!,8#*%80!,#++%,"%-!"#!"$%(&!/#2+-4"(#+3 !4+!2&.%+"! &%*)#+*%! "#!4!+%%-!/%8"!60! "$%!*28"4+!"#!)&#"%,"!"&4?%88%&*!4+-!)(8.&(1*!4.4(+*"!:%-#2(+!

ED!A*!4!&%*28"3!"$%!-%"%&(#&4"%-!*"#)*!;0"#X+7L!#+!"$%!

'4*!#+!"$%!&#4-!"#'4&-*!9#1*!4+-!A8%))#FED! :4$("3! A-+4+F! T,"' -$$.0(#' *%.4+#1"' .B ' W(0(&12&' +#' $,"' FQ$,' 1"#$2%RF!

-$$.0(#').1NNN3)F!EDE3!

84

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

*("%*!'%&%!%+84&.%-!(+"#!,#1)8%R%*!48#+.!'("$!4!/#&"&%**! 4+-! 4! )%&14+%+"! .4&&(*#+3! $#&*%*! 4+-!"$%(&!,4&%"4H%&*!/#&!"$%!)#*"48!*0*"%13EE!4+-!(+!"$%!,4*%!#/ !=4J*4J3!'$(,$!'4*!)4&"(,284&80!%R)#*%-3!4+!4--("(#+48!)#)284"(#+!#/ !)%4*4+"*!'4*!#&-%&%-!"#!*%""8%!(+!"$%!+%(.$6#2&(+.!4&%4FEB!c%*)("%!"$%!4,"(?%!(+?#8?%1%+"!#/ !"$%!*28"4+!

(+!"$%!,#+*"&2,"(#+!#/ !"$%*%!,#1)8%R%*!4+-!"$%(&!-%*(.+4"(#+! 4*! (1)%&(48! (14&%"*3! "$%0!'%&%!62(8"!#+!4!*1488%&!*,48%!"$4+!1#+21%+"48!,#1)8%R%*!

EE! A,,#&-(+.! "#! 4!,4&%"4H%&*!(+!%4,$!*"#)!'%&%!%R%1)"%-!/&#1!)40(+.!"4R%*F!=%%!9%0-3!-$$.0(#').120"#$& T,"'-$$.0(#'*%.4+#1"

EB4+-!"$%0!'%&%!%R%1)"%-!/&#1!"4R%*F'=%%!(6(-FNM')F!EDE3!:4H$("3!T,"'-$$.0(#'a%.4+#1"3!)FBBEF

*2,$! 4*! "$#*%! (+! O404*! #&!c414*,2*3!

!c%*)("%!"$%!-(//%&%+,%!(+!*,48%3!#+%!,4+!*%+*%!"$(*!(+*"("2"(#+J*!(+?#8?%@1%+"! (+! "$%! 840#2"! #/ ! "$%! ,#1)8%R%*!Z! 4+-! "$%! /4,"! "$4"! "$%0! '%&%! >2*"! 4*!

1(--8%! #/ ! "$%! ,#2+"&0*(-%3! (+,82-(+.!@

H%"*3!64"$*3!,4/n*3!*"#&4.%!*)4,%3!&##1*!/#&! "&4?%88%&*3! *"468%*!4+-3! 84*"!62"!+#"!8%4*"3! *(+.8%! -#1%-! G&(-40! 1#*Y2%*3!4+#"$%&!+#?%8"0! "#!=0&(4+!&#4-*(-%!4&@,$("%,"2&%F

The layout of buildingsL$%! .&#2+-! )84+! #/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%*3!

48*#! )%&$4)*! -%"%&1(+%-! 60! "$%! &#048!@

4! &%,"4+.284&!64*%3!)&#?(-(+.!4! *Y24&%!/#&! "$%! ,%+"&48! -#1%! "$&#2.$! 4&,$%*!

E<3E`'%&%!*2))#&"%-!#+!)%+-%+"(?%*!#+!4!,26(,!64*%!;(88F! B<FEC

#/"%+!,#1)4&%-!'("$!"$%!1#*Y2%!#/ !N($&(14$!=28"4+! (+! S*"4+628F ! L$%! ,8#*%*"! %R41)8%*! #/ !*Y24&%! .&#2+-! )84+*! ,4+! 6%! #6*%&?%-! (+! "$%!

@14*,2*F

4+-! '4*! )84*"%&%-F! L$%*%! '%&%! /%4"2&%*! 4*@*#,(4"%-! '("$! "$%! 8#,48! 4&,$("%,"2&48! "&4-("(#+!

! M%,()#.823!Vo8&2F!T,"'(5"'.B 'U+#(#3'(%1,+$"1$2%(7'127$2%"'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'90*+%"

E`! N4&-41!:%H3!EC! L$(*! ,4+! 6%! (+/%&&%-! /&#1! )$#"#.&4)$*! -4"(+.! "#! 6%/#&%! "$%!

&%*"#&4"(#+!#/ !"$%!1#*Y2%!(+!=4J*4JF

85

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"$4"! ,#+"(+2%-! "#! 6%! 2*%-! (+!1#*"!c414*,%+%!

"$%!$%1(*)$%&(,48!8%4-@,#?%&%-!-#1%*!4**#,(4"%-!Eb

A88! "$&%%! 1#*Y2%*! #&(.(+4880! $4-! 4! 8#..(4!;"$%! )&40%&! $488FEa4,,%**! "#! "$%! 1(+4&%"3! '$(8%! (+! "$%! #"$%&! "'#!1#*Y2%*!"$%!1(+4&%"*!'%&%!4,,%**(68%!/&#1!"$%!

(+! )#*("(#+3! "$%!1(+4&%"*! $4-! "$%! *$4)%! #/ ! "$%!,#+"%1)#&4&0!c414*,%+%!1(+4&%"*h!"$4"!(*3!"$%0!

Eb! S+! c414*,2*3! "$%! #+80! 1#*Y2%*! ,#?%&%-! '("$! "$%*%! "&4-("(#+4880!

Ea! L&4,%*!#/ !"$%! !(+!=4J*4J!,4+!6%!*%%+!#+!)$#"#*!/&#1!"$%!4&,$(?%*!#/ !$(*"#&(,48!1#+21%+"*F

86

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

'%&%!)#80.#+48!'("$!4!)#(+"%-!,4)3!62"!/4&!/&#1!!

S+!,#+,82*(#+3!"$%!840#2"*!#/ !"$%!"$&%%!1#*Y2%*!

"$%!#"$%&!*Y24&%!'("$!"$%!1(+4&%"!4,,%**(68%!/&#1!

8##*%80! "#! S*"4+628F! 9#'%?%&3! 48"$#2.$! "$%0!-(//%&! &4-(,4880! /&#1! "$%! "&4-("(#+48!c414*,%+%!1#*Y2%*3!6#"$! (+! "%&1*!#/ ! "$%!#&.4+(*4"(#+!#/ !*)4,%!4+-!"$%!*$4)%!#/ !-#1%*!4+-!1(+4&%"*3!"$%0!4&%!14(+80!62(8"!#/ !8#,48!14"%&(48*!4+-!4,,#&-(+.!"#! 8#,48!62(8-(+.! "%,$+(Y2%*3! 4+-! "$2*!)&#64680!2+-%&!"$%!*2)%&?(*(#+!#/ !8#,48!;)#**(680!c414@*,%+%<!14*"%&!62(8-%&*F

Building material and decorationL$%!14(+!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48! (+!"$%!"$&%%!*("%*!

'4*! 4-4)"%-! "#! "$%! .%#8#.(,48! *("24"(#+! #/ ! "$%!

@1%+"*3!"$%!"$%!1#*"!(+/#&14"(?%!*#2&,%F!S"!(+-(,4"%*!"$%!2*%!

48"$#2.$!"$%0!)#**(680!488!-(-!#&(.(+4880F

#/ !,#*"80!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48!&4&%80!*%%+!6%0#+-!"$%!,("0!8(1("*3!4!"%*"(1#+0!"#!"$%!)4&"(,284&!*"4"2*!#/ !"$(*!,#1)8%RF!L$%!1#*"!#2"*"4+-(+.!%8%1%+"*!4&%!)&%-#1(+4+"80!(+!"$%!(+"%&(#&!-%,#&4"(#+F

4+-!'4*!,&#'+%-!60!4!*1488!,2)#843!)4(+"%-!'("$!4!,#))%&!$48/ !1##+!(+!(1("4"(#+!#/ !.#8-FBD![$(8%!1(+64&*!(+!14&68%!*%%1!"#!$4?%!6%%+!)&%/%&&%-!

@1%8(4+! 4+-! A+4"#8(4+! $(+"%&84+-*3! %846#&4"%!

=0&(4!4+-!P.0)"F!M#"$(+.!/2&"$%&!(*!H+#'+3!$#'@%?%&3!#/ !"$%!*$4)%!#&!%846#&4"(#+!#/ !"$%!1(+64&!

(*! ,8%4&80! 4+! (1("4"(#+!#/ ! "$%!14&68%!1(+64&! (+!

=4J*4J!;(88F!a<!'4*!,#1)8%"%80!-(//%&%+"K!,2"!(+!8(1%@*"#+%!4+-!*$4)%-!8(H%!4!*"4(&,4*%!4""4,$%-!"#!"$%!

BD! N4&-41!:%H3!b+%0(#

87

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

@

60! *"#+%! ,#821+*FBE! M#"$(+.! *(1(84&! $4*! 6%%+!

*,28)"%-! #/ ! 14&68%! 4+-! *2))#&"%-! 60! .&4+("%!

)4(+"%-!-%,#&4"(#+!,4+!6%!*%%+3!$#'%?%&3!(+!"$%!BB

"$%!2*%!#/ !14&68%!)4+%8*! (+! "$%!*%,82-%-!*)4,%!/#&!'#1%+F!=2,$!)4+%8*!&%1(+-!2*!#/ ! "$#*%! (+!

(+!c414*,2*! "$4"! 481#*"! ,%&"4(+80!'%&%! &%2*%-!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48F

-(//%&%+"! "0)%*! #/ ! *"#+%! 4+-! )4(+"%-\,#8#2&%-!

"$%! c414*,%+%! 4&,$("%,"2&%! #/ ! "$%! *41%! )%@&(#-3! '$%&%! "$%! 14>#&("0! #/ ! 1($&46*! (+,82-%-!"'#!#&! "$&%%! "0)%*!#/ !,#8#2&%-!*"#+%!4+-!'%&%!

BE! S6(-NBB

! N4&-41!:%H3!b+%0(#

-%,#&4"%-!'("$! *,28)"%-!1%-488(#+*! 4+-! /&41%*!%+$4+,%-! '("$! ,#8#2&! )4*"%F! A8"$#2.$! "$%&%! (*!,2&&%+"80!+#!"&4,%!#/ !"$%!#&(.(+48!1($&463!&%2*%-!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48!8#,4"%-!(+!"$%!+#&"$%&+!/4,4-%!

'("$!*,28)"%-!1#"(/*!"$4"!,4+!6%!,#++%,"%-!'("$!,#+"%1)#&4&0!c414*,%+%! 4&,$("%,"2&48! -%,#&4@

B`!=(1(84&!1#"(/*!$4?%!6%%+!#6*%&?%-!(+!=4J*4J3!'$%&%!"$%!&%-!)4*"%3!4))8(%-!-2&(+.!4!&%@,%+"!&%*"#&4"(#+3!,&%4"%*!4!6(@,#8#2&!%//%,"!4&#2+-!"$%! 1($&463! 4+-! &%-! 4+-! 684,H! )4*"%! $4*! 6%%+!

B`! S+! "$(*! ,#+"%R"3! ("! (*!)4&"(,284&80! (+"%&%*"(+.! "#! ,#+"&4*"! "$%! ,#8#2&!

62(8-(+.! 14"%&(48*! "#! 6%! 2*%-! (+! "$(*! 1#*Y2%! 4*! -%*,&(6%-! (+! ("*!F

88

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@"(?%!)4+%8!;(88F!ED<F!L$%*%!1%-488(#+*!4+-!/&41%*!'%&%!)4&"!#/ !"$%!#&(.(+48!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4+-!*$#'!

@"2&48!-%,#&4"(#+!;(88F!EE<F!

62(8-(+.*!(*!"$%!4&,$%-!82+%""%!,&#'+(+.!"$%!&%,"@@

,$("%,"2&%F!S+!c414*,2*!82+%""%*!'%&%!/&%Y2%+"80!

(+!'("$!1#28-%-!.0)*21!#&!>2*"!8%/"!684+H3!4*!#+!"$%!%R"%&(#&!#/ !"$%!"$&%%!1#*Y2%*!*"2-(%-!(+!"$(*!

"$%!82+%""%*!,#+"4(+!"$%!1#*"!(+"%&%*"(+.!-%,#&4@"(?%!%8%1%+"!#6*%&?%-!(+!"$4"!1#*Y2%F!L$%0!4&%!

#&!%)(.&4)$(,!-%*(.+*!"$4"!,#28-!6%!4!8#,48!;4+-\#&!84"%&<!(+"%&)&%"4"(#+!#/ !"$%!c414*,%+%!"(8%*!#/ !

"$! ,%+"2&03!1406%! 4! )&#?(+,(48! (+"%&)&%"4@"(#+!#/ !"$%!c414*,%+%!"(8%!)&#-2,"(#+!;(88F!EB<F!L$4"! "$%! ,#8846#&4"(#+! 6%"'%%+! '#&H1%+!

4+-!8#,48!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48!4+-!"$%!&%8%?4+"!"%,$@+(Y2%*! (*! &%,#.+(5%-F! A,,#&-(+.! "#! ,$&#+(,8%*!

*%+"!/&#1!c414*,2*!"#!'#&H!#+!(1)%&(48!62(8-@(+.!*("%*!*2,$!4*!"$%!c#1%!#/ !"$%!Q#,H!4+-!"$%!

@)8%R%*! 4+-! /#&"&%**%*! #+! "$%! (1)%&(48! &#2"%*! (+!"$%!&%.(#+FBC!L$%*%!*#2&,%*!(+/#&1!2*!"$4"!"$%&%!

@*48%1!4+-!"$4"!"$%!)%&*#+!(+!,$4&.%!#/ !("!'4*!"$%!.#?%&+#&!#/ !c414*,2*F!A*!"$%!&%)&%*%+"4"(?%!#/ !"$%! *28"4+3!$%!'4*!48*#! &%*)#+*(68%! /#&! "$%!%1@)8#01%+"!#/ !*H(88%-!'#&H1%+!4+-!"$%!%R%,2"(#+!#/ !(1)%&(48!62(8-(+.!)&#>%,"*F!S"!(*!"$2*!)#**(68%!"$4"! 62(8-(+.! 14"%&(48! /&#1! "$%*%! *"#,H*! ,#28-!

BC! G#&!/2&"$%&!-%"4(8*!#+!"$%*%!'#&H*3!*%%!:4H$("3!T,"'-$$.0(#'*%.4+#1"3!

c414*,2*! 4+-!N%,,43! 4*! #&-%&%-! 60! "$%! *28"4+! 4+-! %R%,2"%-! 60!'#&H1%+! 4+-! 14"%&(48! /&#1! c414*,2*! 2+-%&! "$%! &%*)#+*(6(8("0!#/ ! c414*,%+%! +#"468%*F! X4#2*"3! 9%+&(F!q"&' 5.24"%#"2%&' )"' W(0(&F!

*)%,(48(*%-!'#&H1%+!,#28-!$4?%!6%%+!%1)8#0%-!"$%&%!'$(8%!"$%0!'%&%!"&4?%88(+.3!/#&!(+*"4+,%3!6%@

L$(*!,#28-!48*#!6%!4+!%R)84+4"(#+!/#&!"$%!,#*"80!

6%!"$4"!"$(*!'4*!"$%!#+80!G&(-40!1#*Y2%!/#2+-%-!@

14*,2*!#+80!,#+"4(+%-!4!*1488!0(&V+)! 8#,4"%-! (+!"$%!,%+"&%!#/ ! "$%!,#2&"04&-!#/ !$(*!H$4+FBb!L$(*!48*#!14H%*!*%+*%!(+!,#1)4&(*#+!'("$!"$%!/#2+-4@

'4*!*(1(84&!(+!*$4)%!4+-!14"%&(48!"#!"$4"!2*%-!(+!

! P?8(04!7%8%6(3!U"R(,($#(0"&+Bb! [4"5(+.%&3!74&8! 4+-!U4&8![285(+.%&F!W(0(&82&M' )+"' A&7(0+&1,"'U$()$M'

:%&8(+K'[48"%&!-%!V&20"%&!g!,#M

89

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

'%&%!&%84"(?%80!*(1)8%FBa!L$2*3! -%*)("%! "$%! -(//%&%+,%*! 6%"'%%+! "$%*%!

@@

,$("%,"2&48!%8%1%+"*!;*2,$!4*!"$%!*$4)%!(/ !-#1%*3!1(+4&%"*3!'(+-#'*3!4+-!0+#:(%*<!4*! "$&#2.$!"$%!2*%!#/ !-%,#&4"(?%!%8%1%+"*3!*2,$!4*!,#8#2&!)4*"%!1%-488(#+*! 4+-! )#80.#+48! #&! 1#28-%-! /&41%*F!N#&%#?%&3! 48"$#2.$! "(8%*! -#! +#"! *%%1! "#! $4?%!6%%+! )&#-2,%-! #2"*(-%! c414*,2*3! "$%&%! (*! 4+!4'4&%+%**!#/ !"$%(&!%R(*"%+,%3!4+-!1#"(/*!-%&(?%-!/&#1! "$%1! 4&%! *%%+! (+! "$%! 82+%""%*! #/ ! )4(+"%-!

*4(-! 46#2"! "$%!0+#:(%! (+!=4J*4JK! 4! 8#,48! (+"%&)&%@

&2&48! ,#+"%R"! "$&#2.$! ,#8846#&4"(#+! 6%"'%%+!c414*,%+%!4+-!8#,48!'#&H1%+F!

Ba! 9%0-3! -$$.0(#' ).120"#$&14"%&(48!$%8-!(+!"$%!.#?%&+1%+"48!*"#,H*!4+-!'$(,$!(*!+#"!2*%-!-2%!"#!"$%!84,H!#/ !,#1)%"%+"!'#&H1%+F!S6(-F!)F!ECb3!(*!1%+"(#+%-!"$%!"&4+*)#&"!/&#1!S*"4+628!#/ !8%4-!/#&!"$%!&##/*!#/ !48@AY*43!"$%!c#1%!

ConclusionL$%!62(8-(+.!,#1)8%R%*!*"2-(%-!(+!"$(*!)4)%&!

'%&%! )4&"! #/ ! /#2+-4"(#+*! *)#+*#&%-! 60! $(.$@

,%+"&48! 42"$#&("(%*! (+! S*"4+6283! 4+-!'$(,$!'%&%!)&#1#"%-!4+-\#&!,#11(**(#+%-!60!"$%!*28"4+!4*!4!&%*)#+*%!"#!"$%!(+*%,2&%!*("24"(#+!#+!"$%*%!&#4-*!

"$!,%+"2&0F!L$%*%!,#1)8%R%*!*(128"4+%#2*80!)&#?(-%-!/4,(8("(%*!4+-!)&#"%,"(#+!/#&!)(8.&(1*!4+-!"&4?%88%&*3!)&#1#"%-!*%""8%1%+"!

)&%*%+,%!#+!"$%!(1)%&(48!&#4-*F!S+!4!,#+,%)"248!'403!"$%*%!&#4-*(-%!,#1)8%R%*!'%&%!,8#*%&!"#!"$%!

"#!("*!%,$#%*!(+!c414*,2*F!M#"'("$*"4+-(+.!"$%!@

14+!,%+"&%3!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48*!4+-!,#+*"&2,"(#+!"%,$+(Y2%*!,#+"(+2%! "$%! 8#,48! "&4-("(#+F!c%*)("%!"$%(&!-%*(.+4"(#+!4*!(1)%&(48!(14&%"*3!+#!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48!'4*!*%+"!/&#1!"$%!,4)("48!"#!62(8-!"$%*%!,#1)8%R%*F! S+! /4,"3! ("! *%%1*! "$4"! "$%! /#2+-%&*!,#1)8%"%80! &%8(%-!#+! 8#,48!'#&H1%+J*! *H(88*! 4+-!"$%!Y248("0!#/ !"$%!4?4(8468%!62(8-(+.!14"%&(48!(+!4!,#+"%R"!'$%&%!c414*,2*!'4*! "$%! &%8%?4+"!,%+@"&%F! L$%*%! 62(8-(+.*! ,4+! )&#?(-%! 2*!'("$!1#&%!(+/#&14"(#+! #+! "$%! )&#,%**%*! "$&#2.$! '$(,$!

8#,48\)%&()$%&48!,#+"%R"!%?%+!/2&"$%&!4'40!/&#1!"$%!4,"248!,%+"&%!#/ ! "$%!%1)(&%!"$4+!"$%!=0&(4+!1%"&#)#8(*F!

90

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

+#'$,"'%"5+.#'+#'JKKnN'A#'b7.%+#(M'('$.P#'+#'f%""8';(1").#+('.B 'P,+1,'$,"'-$$.0(#',"%+$(5"',(&'#.$':""#'&2B/

&2'*.#.4.'.$8%+4"#"'$.8.0'#V"#.5'$"%"#&8.5'%()('2'%"5+V+'2'JKKnN5N'j'b7.%+#2M'5%()2'2'95"V&8.V';(8").#+V+M'

#('.&0.25(.#.V'.&#.4+N

Federica Broilo

The forgot ten Ot toman her i tage of F lor ina on the River Sakoulevas, and a l i t t le known Ot toman bui ld ing on the shore of Lake Volv is in Greek Macedonia

Zaborav l jeno osmansko nas l i je!e F lor ina na r i jec i Sakoulevas i manje poznata osmanska gra!evina na obal i jezera Volv is u Egejskoj Makedoni j i

91

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

/'$ +2-21!$ 67789$ 4*! )4&"! #/ ! 10! -#,"#&48! &%@*%4&,$3! S! $4-! "$%! #))#&"2+("0! "#! "&4?%8! 48#+.!"$%! _(4! P.+4"(4FE! L$%! 14(+! )2&)#*%! #/ ! "$%!"&()!'4*!"#!2+-%&*"4+-!"$%!,2&&%+"!*("24"(#+!#/ !

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

Q#14+!&#4-J*!%R4,"!"&4,H3!62"!(+!4!8##*%&!*%+*%3!(+,82-(+.!*"&%",$%*!#/ !&#4-*!"$4"!-%?(4"%-!/&#1!"$%!Q#14+!&#4-!62"!*"(88!&4+!"$&#2.$!,%+"&48!A8@

B! L$%!*,$#84&80!8("%&4"2&%!#+!"$%!Q#14+@)%&(#-!_(4!P.+4"(4!(*!&4"$%&!

/#+,"(#+!-%! 84!m+('95#($+(T,"'m+('95#($+(' 2#)"%'-$$.0(#'\27"' EFHIK/FQGGLK'<(71R.#'

W(R&' +#' !%"$"' AA' hFGGoiF! P-F! P8(546%"$! W4,$4&(4-#2F! Q%"$01+#+K!q(' m+('

95#($+(' A3' )(' C*.77.#+(' "' WR%%(1,+20' ()'<"%(87"R(' qR#8"&$+).&3! i_(4%!

W+"'9%)"'i=)%,(48! (**2%K!;")+$"%%(#"(#'q(#)&1(*"

T,"'95#($+(#'S(RF!M%'"#+!A66#""K!c4?(-!g!

"#!L$%**48#+(H(!4+-!"$%+,%!"#!7#+*"4+"(+#)8%F`

FlorinaG8#&(+4! (*! "$%! ,4)("48! #/ ! 4! $#1#+01#2*!

+#&"$%&+!V&%%H!)&%/%,"2&%! "$4"!6#&-%&*! "$%! &%@@

-#+(4!4"!X4H%!O&%*)4!;*#2"$!#/ !:("#84<3!4+-!"$4"!8(%*!6%"'%%+!"$%!V&%%H!,("(%*!#/ !L$%**48#+(H(!4+-!U4*"#&(4F!G8#&(+4!(*!48*#!"$%!+%4&%*"!V&%%H!"#'+!"#! "$%! GIQ!N4,%-#+(4+! 6#&-%&! ;#+80! "$(&"%%+!H(8#1%"&%*! 4'40<! 4+-! *"4+-*! #+! *8(.$"80! &(*(+.!

@"#&(,!95#($+(!(*!*("24"%-!"#!"$%!"#'+J*!%4*"F!G8#&(+4!'4*!62(8"!#+!"$%!*("%!#/ ! "$%!4+,(%+"!N%8("#+2*3C!

,#+"(+2#2*!$46("4"(#+!*(+,%!)&%$(*"#&(,!"(1%*F!S"*!)&%*%+"! +41%3! $#'%?%&3! (*! )%&$4)*! &%84"%-! "#! 4!:054+"(+%! *%""8%1%+"! +41%-! 7$8#&#+3! '$(,$!

T,"'m+('95#($+('2#)"%'-$$.0(#'\27"C! L$(*!(*!'("$#2"!-#26"!%?%+!(+!"$%!,#1)8%"%!46*%+,%!#/ !4&,$4%#8#.(,48!

%?(-%+,%!/&#1!"$(*!)%&(#-3!*(+,%!"$%!+216%&!#/ !Q#14+!1(8%*!/&#1!9%&4,8(4!X0+,%*"(*! ;1#-%&+!:("#84<! "#!N%8("#+2*!;G8#&(+4<!4+-!"$%!+216%&!#/ !*"4"2"%!1(8%*!;Eb<!481#*"!,#(+,(-%F

92

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

!G8#&(+4!'4*!-%*,&(6%-!4*!4!"#'+!'$%&%!"$%!"&4?%8@

@

:(+7.<! 4"! 7#+*"4+"(+#)8%3!V(&#841#!X())#14+#3!'4*!4,,2*%-!#/ !$(.$!"&%4*#+!4+-!*%+"%+,%-!(+! 46*%+"(4! "#!-%4"$!60! "$%!7#2+,(8!#/ ! "$%!L%+F!=%+4"#&!X#&%+5#!:%&+4&-#3!$(1*%8/ !4!/#&1%&!_%+%"(4+!4164**4-#&!"#!7#+*"4+"(+#)8%!

4&&(?48!(+!A864+(43!$%!,$#*%!"$%!&4&%80!2*%-!&#2"%!#?%&84+-!"$&#2.$!"$%! ,#2+"&0! *#! 4*! "#! 14(+"4(+! "$%! *%,&%,0! #/ ! $(*! 1(**(#+F! L$%!4,,2*%-!X())#14+#!'4*!%?%+"24880!4&&%*"%-!4+-!*%+"!64,H!"#!_%+(,%F!L$(*!4,,#2+"3!'&(""%+!60!$(*!*%,&%"4&0!V46&(%8%!74?45543!#//%&*!14+0!(+"%&%*"(+.!-%"4(8*!#/ !8(/%!48#+.!"$4"!&#4-!4"!"$%!"(1%3!4*!%R)%&(%+,%-!

84! _(4! P.+4"(4! +%8! f_S! *%,#8#! *%,#+-#! 8JS"(+%&4&(#! -(! V46&(%8%!C)'-%+"#$"&3' 4+(55+($.%+' 4"#"$+' 72#5.' 7"' 4+"' )^-%+"#$"F! P-*F!

V(4++(!O%-&(+(!4+-!N#+"%,,$(#!_(,%+"(+#!;/#&"$,#1(+.!(+!BDED<F

ECDD! $#2*%*3! *%?%+"%%+! 1#*Y2%*! 4+-! 0"&1+)*3!"$&%%!0")%"&"*3!*%?%+!0"8$":*3!#+%!$"88"M!"'#!,(#*3!4+-!"'#!,(0(0*Fb"&4,%*!$4?%!*2&?(?%-!"#!"#-40Fa!S+!'$4"!(*!"$%!14@

@TWm!A&7(0'C#&+87.*")+&+3!

"'#!1#*Y2%*!'%&%! &%)#&"%-! 4*! *"(88! *"4+-(+.! (+!

b!

!"#$%&'

93

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

,(0(0F @"%,"2&%! (+!V&%%,%3! &%/%&*! "#!4!1(+4&%"J*! &%14(+*!

ED!S+!4--("(#+!"#!

G8#&(+4J*!$(*"#&0! (*! 4!)(,"2&%!)#*",4&-!-4"(+.! "#!"$!,%+"2&0!#&!"$%!%4&80!BD"$!,%+@

"2&0!;(88F!E<F!L$(*!)$#"#.&4)$!)&%*%+"*!4!?(%'!#/ !

#+!%4,$!*(-%!'("$!6#"$!*(+.8%@*"#&%0!4+-!"'#@*"#@&%0!62(8-(+.*F! S"! (882*"&4"%*! "$%!14&H%"!4&%4!'("$!"$%! ,8#,H! "#'%&! ;&(($' 827"&+<! (+! "$%!64,H.&#2+-3!

3!

ED F! S*"4+628K! S=AQ3!

:#"$!62(8-(+.*!Z!1#*Y2%!4+-!,8#,H!"#'%&!Z!+#!8#+.%&!%R(*"F!L$%!)$#"#.&4)$!$4&-80!488#'*!2*!"#!

@&(+4!4+-!*"(88!*"4+-(+.!#+%*3!*2,$!4*!"$4"!(+!+%4&60!:("#843! '$(,$! -4"%*! "#! "$%! Ea"$! ,%+"2&0h! 62"! 4"!8%4*"!'%!,4+!,#+,82-%!"$4"!G8#&(+4!'4*!#+,%!48*#!%Y2())%-!'("$!*2,$!4!62(8-(+.F!A*!/#&!"$%!%R"4+"!

62(8-(+.*!'%&%!"$%!/#88#'(+.K

:2(8"!4,,#&-(+.!"#!"$%!*#@,488%-!.*"%('0+&$('"%,$@+(Y2%3!(+!"$(*!)4&"(,284&!,4*%!"$%!14*#+&0!/%4"2&%*!"$&%%!&#'*!#/ !6&(,H*!48"%&+4"(+.!'("$!4! 840%&!#/ !*"#+%3! %?%&0! *"#+%!*%)4&4"%-! /&#1!"$%!#"$%&!60!*%?%&48!?%&"(,48!6&(,H*F!L$%!)$#"#.&4)$!*2..%*"*!"$4"!"$%!&%14(+*!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"J*!*$4/"!'%&%!*(1(@

94

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

84&80!14-%!#/ !6&(,HF!L$%!1(+4&%"J*!64*%1%+"!$4*!*(R!%Y248!*(-%*3!'$(8%!"$%!*%?%+"$!*(-%!;#&(.(+4880!4""4,$%-!"#!"$%!1#*Y2%<! (*! 84&.%&!4+-!$#*"*!"$%!4,,%**!-##&F!O4&"!#/ !"$%!'(+-(+.!*"4(&,4*%!(*!*"(88!?(*(68%! %?%+! (/ ! "$%! 4,,%**! (*! (+/%*"%-! 60! $2.%!.&#'(+.!"$(*"8%*F

/4&!/&#1!"$%!1(+4&%"!4+-!(*!8#,4"%-!4"!"$%!(+"%&@*%,"(#+!#/ !G#28%-4H(!4+-!P8%/"$%&(4*!*"&%%"3!64*(@,4880!4"!"$%!64+H!#/ !"$%!=4H#28%?4*!Q(?%&F!X#,48*!

14*#+&0F!L$(*!(*!4!)4&"(,284&80!(+"%&%*"(+.!62(8-@(+.3!"$%!*(1)8%!%R"%&(#&!#/ !'$(,$!(*!/#&1%-!#2"!#/ !"'#!(&&%.284&!*"#+%'#&H!'488*F!L$%!*(-%!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.! 8#,4"%-!#+!P8%/"$%&(4*! (*! 4-#&+%-!'("$!4! *1488! '(+-#'3! *2&1#2+"%-! 60! 4+! 4&,$!14-%!

?(*(68%F!L$%!462+-4+"!?%.%"4"(#+!.&#'(+.!#+!"$%!

@

(*3!1#&%#?%&3!&%*"&(,"%-!60!64&6%-!'(&%F!M#+%"$%@

(+!("*!(+"%&(#&3!4*!'%88!4*!"'#@4+-@4@$48/ !)#(+"%-!

(*!&%4880!4!+(,$%!(+!"$%!'488F!L$%!,%(8(+.!4+-!'488*!

,#+"4(+*!+#!&%/%&%+,%!"#!"$(*!62(8-(+.F!7#+*(-%&@(+.! ("*! ?(,(+("0! "#! "$%! &2(+%-!1(+4&%"3! #+%!140!*2&1(*%!"$4"!"$%0!'%&%!6#"$!)4&"!#/ !"$%!*41%!)(@#2*!/#2+-4"(#+3!4+-!)#**(680!"$4"!"$%0!'%&%!)4&"!

"#! 60! A0?%&-(! 4*! "$%! 3!

+0(%"$3!4+-!4!0"8$":FEE!

EE 3! _#8F! `F!

95

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

T+/#&"2+4"%803!(+!"$%!46*%+,%!#/ !4+0!4&,$4%#8#.(@,48!*2&?%0!#+!"$%!*2&&#2+-(+.!4&%43!4+-!#+80!(+!4+"(,()4"(#+!#/ !4!1#&%!*26*"4+"(48! *"2-0!#/ ! "$%!*#2&,%*!4?4(8468%3!'%!,4++#"!.#!6%0#+-!1%&%!4*@*21)"(#+*!4+-!4+!%?#,4"(?%!$0)#"$%*(*FL$%!"$(&-!62(8-(+.!(*!*("24"%-!/4&"$%&!/&#1!"$%!

#"$%&! "'#!62"! (*! 48*#! 8#,4"%-!+%4&! "$%!64+H!#/ !

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

96

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

?(-%-!4!-(//2*%!8(.$"!'$(,$!,#+*"4+"80!,$4+.%-!("*!#&(%+"4"(#+F! =2,$! *Y24&%! *$4)%-! #)%+(+.*! $4?%!48*#!6%%+! /#2+-! (+! "$%!64"$! 4"!W416%8(#2! 4+-!c#2H4! *"&%%"*! (+!7$4+(4! ;7&%"%<3! 4+-! (+! 4! 64"$!4"!N%"$#+(!;N#-#+<!,4*"8%!(+!"$%!O%8#)#++%*2*F

Apollonia LoutràL$%!;(#&+.'C*.77.#+('sA3!4*!("!(*!&%/%&&%-!"#!(+!

"$@,%+"2&0!a"2$+#5"%'T(:7"3!,#&&%*)#+-*!"#!"$%!*("%!#/ !"$%!1#-%&+!?(884.%!M%4!A)#88#+(4F!A))4&%+"803! ("! $4-! 6%%+! /#2+-%-! (+! "$%! /#2&"$!,%+"2&0!60!"$%!N4,%-#+(4+!H(+.!O%&-(,,4*!4*!4+!#2")#*"!4.4(+*"!"$%!L$&4,(4+*!4+-!A"$%+(4+*!#+!"$%! &(?%&! ="&01#+F! L$%!1#-%&+! ?(884.%! (*! +%4&!

"(1%*<! #+! "$%! *%-(1%+"4&0! 84+-! /#&1%-! 60! "$%!

U$#8#1%+-4*!*"&%413!2)#+!"$%!2))%&!,#2&*%!#/ !'$(,$!*"4+-*!"$%!?(884.%!#/ !N%8(**2&.#*F!CB!H(8#@

4&%!$#"!4+-!*28)$2&#2*!1%-(,(+48!'4"%&*!?(*("%-!

EB

8#,4"%-! (+!4+!464+-#+%-!4&%4!6%"'%%+! "$%!,2&@&%+"!"$%&148!64"$*!4+-!"$%!?(884.%!#/ !M%4!A)#8@8#+(43!#+!"$%!*$#&%!#/ !X4H%!_#8?(*F! S"*! 8#,4"(#+!481#*"!#+!"$%!*$#&%!#/ !"$%!84H%!(*!Y2("%!2+2*248K!

EB! L&4+*84"(#+*! 4+-! "&4+*,&()"(#+*! #/ ! "$%(&! *$#&"! 4,,#2+"*! 4&%! +#'!/#2+-! (+! X#'&03!9%4"$F!T,"' &,(*+#5' .B ' $,"' -$$.0(#' 6(78(#&' EFHdK/FddKL3' $,"' 1.#]2"&$M' &"$$7"0"#$'e' +#B%(&$%21$2%(7' )"4"7.*0"#$' .B 'O.%$,"%#'f%""1"F!S*"4+628K!:4$p%v%$(&!T+(?%&*("0!O268(,4"(#+*3!BDDa3!))F!B`a@

#/ !:2&*43!("!-#%*!+#"!$4?%!4+!%846#&4"%!*%&(%*!#/ !-#1%-!62(8-(+.*!

97

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"$%! -(*"4+,%! 6%"'%%+! "$%! 84H%! 4+-! "$%! 62(8-(+.!

(*#84"%-!8#,4"(#+K!"$%!?(884.%3!'("$!"$%!&%14(+*!#/ !@

,#+"(+2%-! "#! 8(?%! '$%&%! "$%0! $4-! 8(?%-! 6%/#&%3!

"$%! ,4*%! '("$! O454&.4$! ;O454&#2-$4<3! #2"*(-%!"$%!)&%*%+"!?(884.%!#/ !A)#88#+(4F !L$%!-4"%!#/ !("*!,#+*"&2,"(#+!(*!+#"!,%&"4(+h!-(//%&%+"!#)(+(#+*!-4"%! "$%!62(8-(+.! "#! "$%!1(-@EC"$! ,%+"2&0!#&! "#!

"$!,%+"2&0F!L$%!62(8-(+.!$4*!4+!#,"4.#+48!*$4)%3!)&#64680!#&(.(+4880!,#?@%&%-!60!4!6&(,H!-#1%!*2))#&"%-!60!4+!#,"4.#+48!-&21F!L$%!%R"%&(#&J*!14*#+&03!1(R(+.!6&(,H*!4+-!

@-403!+#!)&#)%&!%+"&4+,%!(*!?(*(68%3!*#!"$%!62(8-(+.!(*! 4,,%**%-! "$&#2.$!4! 84&.%!$#8%! (+! "$%!'488F! S+!"$%!*"&2,"2&%J*!,%+"&%!(*!4+!#,"4.#+48!'4"%&!64*(+h!"$%!'488*!4&%!-%,#&4"%-!'("$!%(.$"!)#(+"%-!4&,$%*!'("$(+!'$(,$!"$%&%!4&%!%(.$"!*1488!)#(+"%-!+(,$%*F!:#"$!4&,$%*!4+-!+(,$%*!4&%!14-%!#/ !6&(,H'#&HF!P?%+! "$(*! 4&%4! &%Y2(&%*! 4"! 8%4*"! 4+! 4&,$4%#8#.(@

T,"'m+('95#($+('2#)"%'-$$.0(#'%27"

;(8").#+8(

;9Tj' >.2%#(7' .B 'C%1,+$"1$2%"3!_#8F!BE3!M#F!E@B!;BDD`<3!))F!aE@EED!;48*#!4?4(8468%!#+8(+%!4"!$"")K\\

EEDF)-/<F

,48!*2&?%0!6%/#&%!4+0!'#&H!#/ !,#+*#8(-4"(#+!#&!&%*"#&4"(#+FL$(*! (+"&(.2(+.! 62(8-(+.3! '$(,$! S! -(*,#?%&%-!

-2&(+.!"$%!*211%&!BDDb!*2&?%03!'4*!"$%+!)26@8(*$%-!60!9%4"$!X#'&0!(+!#+%!#/ !$(*!&%,%+"!6##H*3!

(+!N4,%-#+(4FE`! :%/#&%! X#'&0J*! "%R"*3! "$%! #+80!&%/%&%+,%! "#! "$4"!62(8-(+.!S!41!4'4&%!#/ !'4*!4!)&#)#*48!/#&!&%*"#&4"(#+!60!4!0#2+.!V&%%H!4&,$(@"%,"FEC!L$(*!)&#>%,"3!)&%*%+"%-!(+!BDDb3!)&#)#*%-!"$%!62(8-(+.J*!"#"48!&%,#+*"&2,"(#+!&4"$%&!"$4+!("*!&%*"#&4"(#+F! L$(*! '#28-! ,%&"4(+80! ,#1)&#1(*%!"$%!)%,28(4&!,$4&1!#/ !"$(*!8(""8%!62(8-(+.!*%"!(+!"$%!6%42"(/28!84+-*,4)%!*2&&#2+-(+.!"$%!84H%F!

E`! !X#'&03!9%4"$F!T,"'&,(*+#5'.B '$,"'-$$.0(#'6(78(#&3!))F!B`b@CDFEC

C%1,+$"1$2%"' $%()+$+.##"77"' 0")+$"%%(#""##"3'*%"&"#$'"$' B2$2%'E6(%1"7.#"M')2'FJ'(2'Fd'V2+77"$'JKKnLN!:4&,%8#+4K!7#88%.(!

48*#! 4?4(8468%! #+8(+%! 4"! $"")K\\'''F&%$46(1%-F+%"\c#,21%+"*\

98

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

$,

P(&'$,"'1(&"'P+$,'.$,"%':2+7)+#5&')+&12&&")'+#'$,+&'4.720"M'$,+&'0.&]2"'P(&'&"4"%"7R')(0(5")')2%+#5'$,"'P(%'+#'FGGHM'+#'4+.7($+.#'.B '$,"'<(52"'!.#4"#$+.#'B.%'$,"'a%.$"1$+.#'.B '!27$2%(7'a%.*"%$R'+#'$,"'94"#$'.B 'C%0")'

:2+7)+#5M'(#)'.#'$,"'*%.:7"0&'(#)'&211"&&"&'.B '$,"'%",(:+7+$($+.#'*%.1"&&M'P,+1,':"5(#'+#'JKKFN

Vjekoslava Sankovi$ Sim%i$

The res tora t ion of the mosque of Had# i A l i ja in Po$ i te l j

Res tauraci ja Had# i A l i j ine d#amije u Po$ i te l ju

99

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a@

,4"%-! "#! "$%! *#2"$!#/ !N#*"4&! #+! "$%! 8%/"! 64+H!#/ ! "$%!M%&%"?4!Q(?%&! ;(88F! E<F!A*! 4! *)4"(4880! 4+-!

#/ ! "$%! 1(-@EC"$

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

(+K!O4

,("0!'488*!(+!"$%!M%&%"?4!?488%0F!L$%!&%,%+"!'4&!(+!@

A8"$#2.$! "$%! 94.2%! 7#+?%+"(#+! /#&! "$%!O&#"%,"(#+! #/ ! 728"2&48! O&#)%&"0! (+! "$%! P?%+"!

6&2"48! -%*"&2,"(#+3!-%.&4-4"(#+3! 4+-!-%1#8("(#+!

62(8-(+.*! '%&%! 48*#! 4//%,"%-! 60! "$(*! 4"&#,(#2*!-%?4*"4"(#+F! L$(*! (*! )4(+/2880! (882*"&4"%-! 60! "$%!

@"$@,%+"2&0!

6%42"(/28! (+! :#*+(4! 4+-!9%&5%.#?(+4F! L$(*! 6%@,#1%*! Y2("%! 4))4&%+"! '$%+! #+%! ,#+*(-%&*! "$%!)&#)#&"(#+*!#/ !("*!/#&148!62(8-(+.!%8%1%+"*3!"$%!

@1%+"*!,4&?%-!(+!*"#+%!4+-!"$%!)&%,(*(#+!#/ !"$%(&!%R%,2"(#+F!L$%!-0+41("%!%R)8#*(#+!"$4"!#,,2&&%-!

())*+

100

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

-2&(+.!"$%!&%,%+"!'4&!,42*%-!(11%+*%!-414.%!"#!

BDDE!&%)#&"%-!"$%!/#88#'(+.!-414.%K"$%!14(+! ,2)#84! -#1%! ,#884)*%-! (+"#! "$%!)&40(+.!4&%4!4+-!#+80!)4&"*!#/ !"$%!"4162&3!'$(,$!*2))#&"%-!("3!&%14(+%-!)4&"(4880!2+@-414.%-h"$%! )#&,$! )4&"(4880! ,#884)*%-! ;E! w! *1488!,2)#84*3!6&#H%+!4&,$%*3!"'#!,#821+*!'("$!64*%*! 4+-! ,4)("48*<F! 7#+*%Y2%+"803! "$%!*%?%&%!-%/#&14"(#+*!#/ ! ("*! (&#+! >#(*"*!4+-!*$(/"%-! '%(.$"! ,42*%-! *%&(#2*! -414.%! 4"!

"$%!64*%!4+-!#+!"$%!1(--8%!,#821+J*!,4)("48!;8%/"!#/ !"$%!%+"&4+,%!"#!"$%!1#*Y2%<h!"$%! 1(+4&%"! 481#*"! ,#1)8%"%80! ,#884)*%-!%R,%)"! /#&! #+%! #/ ! "$%! "2&&%"J*! )#80.#+@*$4)%-!/#2+-4"(#+!*"#+%*!4+-!4!/%'!*"#+%!*"%)*h%R"%+*(?%!4+-!-4+.%&#2*!,&4,H*!'%&%!/#2+-!(+!"$%!'488*3!"&#1)*3!%16&4*2&%*3!4+-!'(+@-#'*!4->4,%+"!"#!"$%!1(+4&%"h"$%!*"#+%!'(+-#'!/&41%*!'%&%!6&#H%+!4+-!-(*)84,%-h"$%! 0(,4+7' ;L2&H(*$! <! ,#884)*%-3! "$%!0+0:"%' ;0+#:"%<!'4*!)4&"80!-%1#8(*$%-!4+-!"$%!$%(#X"#(*!'%&%!6&#H%+h

@4.%-h"$%!,&#'+!#/ ! "$%!,%+"2&(%*@#8-!,0)&%**! (+!

@4.%-h4*!"$%!&%*28"!#/ !8#+.!%R)#*2&%!"#!&4(+3!*2+3!'(+-3! /&%Y2%+"! %4&"$! "&%1#&*3! .&#'(+.!'%%-*3!4+-!*"#+%!"$%/"*!;/&#1!"$%!62(8-(+.!4+-!*2&&#2+-(+.!4&%4<!"$%!8%?%8!#/ !-414.%!

?482468%! ,28"2&48! 4+-!$(*"#&(,! %+?(&#+1%+"3! 4+-!/#88#'(+.!"$%!(+("(4"(?%!#/ !"$%!G%-%&48!N(+(*"&0!#/ !O$0*(,48!O84++(+.3!"$%!V#?%&+1%+"!#/ !"$%!:(9!

())'*, ())'*-

101

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

B! L$(*! )&#@.&411%!(11%-(4"%80!8%-!"#!"$%!)&#-2,"(#+!#/ !4!

)&#"%,"(#+!4+-!&%*"#&4"(#+3!(+!4,,#&-!'("$!*%?%+!%*"468(*$%-!)&(#&("(%*F !A!"%41!#/ !%R)%&"*!'4*!48*#!

=4&4>%?#F

=28"4+! 4+-! 7&4(.! [(8*#+F! T,"' \"4+$(7+X($+.#' .B ' $,"' ,+&$.%+1' &"$$7"0"#$'1#

W+"1+' $"&+')+' %"&$(2%.# EFGnK/FGIFLN!Q#1%K!T+(?%&*("4! -%.8(! *"2-(! -(#

(+*"("2"%-!"#!,##&-(+4"%!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4+-!(1)8%@1%+"4"(#+! #/ ! "$(*! )84+3! ("*! 14(+! &%*)#+*(6(8("0!6%(+.! )&#/%**(#+483! #6>%,"(?%3! 4+-! +#+@)4&"(*4+!-%8(6%&4"(#+!#+!488!&%8%?4+"!(**2%*F!

The guiding principles of conservation and restoration

@

)2"! "#!2*%! 4.4(+F!L$%!)&(+,()8%*! 4+-!.2(-%8(+%*!

'%&%! 64*%-! #+! '(-%80! &%,#.+(5%-! (+"%&+4"(#+48!

102

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

&%,#11%+-4"(#+*h`! "$%*%! *"4"%-3! (+"%&! 48(43! "$4"!

488! ,#+*%&?4"(#+3! &%*"#&4"(#+3! &%,#1)#*(@"(#+3!)4&"(48! &%,#+*"&2,"(#+3! 4+-!*"&2,"2&48!(1)&#?%1%+"!)&#,%-2&%*!'%&%! "#!6%! *2)@)#&"%-! 60! *"&2,"2&48! %?(-%+,%! 4+-! )&#)%&!-#,21%+"4"(#+h%R"%+*(?%!&%*%4&,$3!4+480*(*3!4+-!-#,21%+@"4"(#+!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.!4+-!("*!#&(.(+48!/&4.@1%+"*!'%&%!"#!6%!,4&&(%-!#2"h

`! [4*$(+."#+! 7$4&"%&! @! 7$4&"%&! /#&! "$%! 7#+*%&?4"(#+! #/ ! 9(*"#&(,!

"$%!O&#"%,"(#+!#/ !"$%!A&,$("%,"2&48!9%&("4.%!#/ !P2&#)%3!V&4+4-43!

488! "%*"*! &%.4&-(+.!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4+-!*"&2,@"2&%3!4*!'%88!4*!+%,%**4&0!846#&4"#&0!4+480*(*!#/ ! "$%!#&(.(+48! /&4.1%+"*3!'%&%! "#!6%!,4&@&(%-!#2"h4!-%"4(8%-!"%,$+(,48!*"2-0!#/ !"$%!62(8-(+.J*!%R(*"(+.! ,#+-("(#+! '4*! "#! 6%! ,4&&(%-! #2"3!*$#'(+.!488!&%8%?4+"!-414.%h-2&(+.!"$%!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#,%**3!"$%!#&(.(+48!-%?4*"4"%-!*"#+%*!4+-!#"$%&!14"%&(48*!'%&%!"#!6%!2"(8(5%-!4*!12,$!4*!)#**(68%h-2&(+.! "$%! &%*"#&4"(#+! )&#,%**3! #+80! 42@"$%+"(,!14"%&(48*!4+-!"%,$+(Y2%*!'%&%!"#!6%!2*%-h$#&"(,28"2&48!(1)&#?%1%+"*!'%&%!"#!6%!,4&@&(%-! #2"! 4*!'%88! 4*! )$0*(,48! )&#"%,"(#+!#/ !"$%!,%+"2&(%*@#8-!,0)&%**F

103

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

The documentation and implementation of the project, and the processes of restoration and partial reconstruction ( i l ls. 7-14)S+!#&-%&!"#!*%8%,"!4!"%41!/#&!"$%!)&#-2,"(#+!#/ !

488!+%,%**4&0!"%,$+(,48!-#,21%+"4"(#+!4+-!*2)%&@

)&#,%**3! 4+! #)%+! (+"%&+4"(#+48! "%+-%&! '4*! 4+@+#2+,%-3!'("$!"$%!*%8%,"(#+!)&#,%**J*!&%8%?4+"!,&(@

60! "$%! 8%4*"!%R)%+*(?%!)&#>%,"3!)&#)#*%-!60! "$%!

7("0!#/ !N#*"4&J*!S+*"("2"%!/#&!O&#"%,"(#+!#/ !728@"2&48! 4+-!9(*"#&(,!9%&("4.%F!:%,42*%! ("!'4*! 8%**!,#1)&%$%+*(?%!"$4+!"$%!#"$%&!)&#>%,"*3!#,,4*(#+@48!(+"%&?%+"(#+!60!"$%!"%41!#/ !%R)%&"*!'4*!+%,@%**4&0! "#! %+*2&%! (1)8%1%+"4"(#+! (+! 4,,#&-4+,%!'("$! (+"%&+4"(#+48! *"4+-4&-*! (+! $%&("4.%! )&#"%,@"(#+!4+-! &%*"#&4"(#+F![$(8%!+#"! 488! %//#&"*!'%&%!,&#'+%-!'("$!,#1)8%"%!*2,,%**3!"$%!,4"48#.2%!#/ !&%"&(%?%-!/&4.1%+"*!/&#1!"$%!1#*Y2%!-%*%&?%*!4!,#11%+-4"(#+F!L$(*!-%"4(8%-!-#,21%+"4"(#+!#/ !

104

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

488!#"$%&!&%8%?4+"!-%"4(8*F!T+/#&"2+4"%803! "$%!)#@"%+"(48!#/ !"$(*!,#1)&%$%+*(?%!,4"48#.2%!'4*!+#"!%R$42*"%-! 60! "$%! 4&,$("%,"*! -2&(+.! "$%! )&#,%**!#/ ! &%*"#&4"(#+F! S+! "$%! )&#>%,"J*! -#,21%+"4"(#+!"$%0! ,$#*%!+#"! "#! (+-(,4"%! "$%! %R4,"! )84,%1%+"!

@"%+"(4880!%+-4+.%&%-!)&#)%&!&%*"#&4"(#+!4+-!4+4@*"08#*(*F! S+!#&-%&! "#! 4?#(-!-%"&(1%+"48! &%*28"*! ("!'4*!+%,%**4&0!/#&!"$%!"%41!#/ !%R)%&"*!"#!6%,#1%!4,"(?%! 4"! *"4.%*! #/ ! "$%!'#&H!)&#,%**! "$%0!'%&%!+#"!(+("(4880!4**(.+%-!"#3!/#&!("!'4*!(1)%&4"(?%!"#!4?#(-! "$%! *%&(#2*! ,#+*%&?4"(#+! 4+-! &%*"#&4"(#+!1(*"4H%*!14-%! (+! "$%!)4*"F!L$%*%!$4-! (+,82-%-!4+! (+4-%Y24"%! "&%4"1%+"! #/ ! (1)#&"4+"! $(*"#&(,!1#+21%+"*!60!&4"$%&!/&%%@*"08%!(1)&#?(*4"(#+*FC

C! S+"%&+4"(#+48! 7$4&"%&! /#&! "$%! 7#+*%&?4"(#+! 4+-! Q%*"#&4"(#+! #/ !N#+21%+"*!4+-!=("%*!ET,"'m"#+1"'!,(%$"%L'

())'*++

105

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

())'*+,

106

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

**********())'*+-

Q%*"#&4"(#+! )&#,%**%*! $4?%! "$%! )#"%+"(48! #/ !)&#?#H(+.!-%64"%3!%*)%,(4880!'$%+!"$%!*#,(%"0!(+!Y2%*"(#+!(*!+#"!%+"(&%80!4,Y24(+"%-!'("$!1#-%&+!"%,$+(Y2%*! 4+-! 4))&#4,$%*! (+! ,28"2&48! $%&("4.%!14+4.%1%+"F !S+!&%.4&-!"#!"$%!)&(+,()8%*!#/ !)&#@"%,"(#+!4+-!&%,#+*"&2,"(#+3!%+*2&(+.!"$%!2+("0!#/ !

T".%+(' "' &$.%+(' )"7' %"&$(2%.3! Q#1%K!

f2+)"'$.'$,"'0"$,.)+1(7'&$2)R'.B '0.#20"#$&'(#)!1(2&"&'.B '$,"+%')"$"%+.%($+.#"!j4.)' 2' 8.#X"%4+%(#V"'

A7' 0(#2(7"' )"7' %"&$(2%.' (%1,+$"$$.#+1.F! P-F! X2,4!W%?(F!Q#1%K3N4+,#*2!P-("#&%3! BDDDB Y.#X"%4($.%&8.' #.4.'+4"%V"F!O%"&(+>4K!N4"(,4!$&?4"*H4!O%"&(+>43!BDDDh!:&2+#3!A+-&%4F!-7$%"'+7'%"&$(2%.'{'\"&$.%($+.#'(#)':"R.#)F!N(84+K!P-(5(#+(!X06&4!S114.(+%3!

+#$"5%(1+V('&$(%./#.4.F! !N4+/&%-F!62+7)+#5'(%1,(".7.5R

107

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

4! 62(8-(+.! '$%+! ,#16(+(+.! &%"&(%?%-! 4+-! +%'!)4&"*!(*!%**%+"(48F!N#&%#?%&3!("!(*!-%*(&468%!"#!&%@?%483! (+!4!&%48(*"(,!'403!488!)$4*%*!#/ !4!62(8-(+.J*!,#+*"&2,"(#+!4+-! 84"%&! (+"%&?%+"(#+*! (+!#&-%&!"#!)&%*%&?%!("*!(+"%.&("0F!L$%!-414.%!,42*%-!"#!"$%!

@)8(,4"%-! 4+-! -%8(,4"%! '#&H3! 4+-! "$%! &%+#?4"(#+!)&#,%**J!(1)8%1%+"4"(#+!-%14+-%-!,#+*(-%&468%!%R)%&"(*%F!S"!'4*!4+"(,()4"%-!"$4"!"$%!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#,%**!'#28-!6%!,4&&(%-!#2"! (+! *%?%&48!)$4*%*F!L$%! Y248("0! #/ ! %4,$! (1)8%1%+"4"(#+! )$4*%! -%@

4+-!"$%!8%.48!"%+-%&!)&#,%**F!S+!#&-%&!"#!)&%*%&?%!"$%!2+("0!#/ !"$%!,%+"2&(%*@#8-!1#*Y2%J*!+21%&@#2*!-%?%8#)1%+"!)$4*%*3!("!'4*!-%,(-%-!"$4"!6#"$!"$%!,2)#84!4+-!'488*!'#28-!+#"!6%!)84*"%&%-3!#+80!)4(+"%-F! L$%! *41%! )&(+,()8%! '4*! 4))8(%-! '$(8%!&%,#+*"&2,"(+.!"$%!,2)#84!46#?%!"$%!)#&,$F!Q%@)4(+"(+.! "$%! (+"%&(#&J*! 12&48*! '#28-! $4?%! 6%%+!4!)*%2-#@$(*"#&(,48! (+"%&)&%"4"(#+!#/ ! ("*!#&(.(+48!-%,#&4"(#+!;'$(,$!$4*!+#"!*2&?(?%-<3!4*!'4*!"$%!

$4-!,#+*(-%&4680! ,#1)&#1(*%-! "$%! 42"$%+"(,("0!

1#*Y2%! -%*%&?%*! "$%! 4""%+"(#+! #/ ! 6#"$! "$%!.%+%&48!)268(,!4+-!,#+*%&?4"(#+!4+-!&%*"#&4"(#+!%R)%&"*F!7#+*%Y2%+"80!'%! *$#28-!6%! ?%&0! *4"(*@

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

108

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

+#+$+($+4"'$.'%"&$.%"'$,"').0")'7($"/FQ$,/1"#$2%R'0.&]2"'P(&'7(2#1,")':R'$,"'jU/:(&")'Y.&.4.'!27$2%(7'<"%+$(5"'a%.V"1$M'&2**.%$")':R'$,"'a(18(%)'b.2#)($+.#_'$,"R'1,.&"'!27$2%(7'<"%+$(5"'P+$,.2$'6.%)"%&'E!<P6L'(&'$,"+%'+0*7"0"#$+#5'*(%$#"%'E$,+&'*%.V"1$'&2*"%&")")'(#'"(%7+"%'.#"':R'U(2)+'+#&$+$2$+.#&'P,+1,'(+0")'($':2+7)+#5'#"P'

P+$,'$,"'2%5"#$'%"*(+%&'(#)'$,"'&"(%1,'B.%'%"&$.%($+.#'0($"%+(7&N'U"4"%(7'"@*"%$&'P"%"'+#4.74")'+#'$,"'1.#&"%4($+.#'.B 'P..)'(#)'&$.#"M'*(+#$")')"1.%($+.#&M'(#)'5R*&20'P+#).P&N'b.%$2#($"7RM'$,"'0.&]2"')+)'#.$',(4"'&"%+.2&'&$%21$2%(7'*%.:7"0&N'S.%8&,.*&M' &21,'(&' B.%' &$.#"' 1.#&"%4($+.#'.%' 7"()/7(R+#5M'P"%"'.%5(#+X")'.#/&+$"' $.' $%(+#' $,"'*%.V"1$'P.%8"%&N'\"1.#&$+$2$+.#'.B '0+&&+#5'"7"0"#$&'*%.4+)")'(')+BB"%"#$'1,(77"#5"M'(&'$,"'0.&]2"',()'#.$':""#'$,.%.25,7R'%"1.%)")':"B.%"'$,"'P(%N'U+0+7(%7R'1,(77"#5+#5'P(&'$,"'1.#&"%4($+.#'.B '*(+#$")'P(77'&2%B(1"&M'P,+1,'(11.2#$'$.'('

$,'1"#$2%RM'P,"#'$,"R'P"%"'*(+#$")'.4"%'('FQ$,/1"#$2%R'7(R"%')+&1.4"%")'+#'$,"'1.2%&"'.B '$,"'%"&$.%($+.#'*%.1"&&M'$,"&"'02%(7&')"*+1$'7(#)&1(*"&'(#)'(7&.'7.1(7'

*%.V"1$'P(&'&211"&&B277R'1.0*7"$")'+#'JKKGN'

/

&#+07V"#('*%+V"'%($(N'>")#(8.'+X(X.4#.'V"':+7('+'%"&$(2%(1+V('&7+8(#+,'X+)#+,'*7.,(M'8.V"'&2'*%")&$(47V(7('4".0('

Zeynep Ahunbay

Ottoman archi tec ture in Kosova and the res tora t ion of Hadum Mosque in Gjakovo (&akovica)

Osmanska arhi tek tura na Kosovu i res tauraci ja Hadum d#amije u 'akovic i

109

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

!"#$+*#+$%&,(*/1/'-$1#-%&+!U#*#?4!6%,41%!"$!

4+-!"$%!1(-@EC"$!,%+"2&0F!=%?%&48!2&64+!,%+"&%*!'%&%! -%?%8#)%-! '("$! "$%! /#2+-4"(#+! #/ ! &%8(@.(#2*! 4+-! %-2,4"(#+48! /4,(8("(%*3! 64"$*3! 6&(-.%*3!

@14+!1#+21%+"*!*"%11(+.!/&#1!"$%!EC"$!"#!"$%!

"$

/&#1!"$%!:48H4+*3!U#*#?4!2+-%&'%+"!4!)%&(#-!@

1#+21%+"*!'%&%!&%.(*"%&%-!4*!+4"(#+48!1#+2@1%+"*!4+-!)&#"%,"%-!60!"$%!*"4"%F!=#1%3!'$(,$!

'%&%!14(+"4(+%-!60!"$%!8#,48!)%#)8%!4+-!P(]B&F!N#+21%+"*! (+! U#*#?4! '%&%! +#"! 4//%,"%-!

60! "$%! '4&! (+! :#*+(4F! A/"%&! "$%!c40"#+! O%4,%!A.&%%1%+"3!U#*#?4!&%14(+%-!'("$(+!4!"&2+,4"%-!I2.#*84?(43!&%+41%-!=%&6(4!4+-!N#+"%+%.&#!(+!

(+-%)%+-%+,%!/&#1!=%&6(43!"$%!)&#?(+,%!'4*!2+@-%&!TM!4-1(+(*"&4"(#+F!G#88#'(+.!"$%!6&%4H@2)!#/ ! I2.#*84?(43! "$%! &%.(*"%&%-! $(*"#&(,! 62(8-(+.*!*2*"4(+%-!"$%(&!*"4"2*!4+-!'%&%!)&#"%,"%-!60!"$%!8#,48!S+*"("2"%*!/#&!"$%!O&#"%,"(#+!#/ !N#+21%+"*!4-1(+(*"%&%-!/&#1!:%8.&4-%F!L#'4&-*!"$%!%+-!#/ !"$%!BD"$!,%+"2&03!4*!"%+*(#+!%*,484"%-!6%"'%%+!"$%!=%&6(4+! .#?%&+1%+"! 4+-! "$%!A864+(4+!14>#&("0!

"4&.%"*FN4+0! $(*"#&(,! 62(8-(+.*! '%&%! 4""4,H%-! 4+-!

@

*#8(-4&("0F! P//#&"*! '%&%! ,#+,%+"&4"%-! "#! &%*"#&%!

110

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$%! )4&"(4880! #&! ,#1)8%"%80! -%*"&#0%-! 1#+2@

8#,4880!H+#'+!4*!"$%!94-21!N#*Y2%3!'4*!#+80!#+%! #/ ! "$%*%h! ("*! 4&"(*"(,! (1)#&"4+,%! ,488%-! /#&!,4&%/28!-#,21%+"4"(#+3!4+480*(*3!4+-!&%*"#&4"(#+!

(+"%&+4"(#+48!*#2&,%*3!*48?4.(+.!"$%!1#*Y2%!4+-!("*! ?482468%! -%,#&4"(#+*! 6%,41%! )#**(68%F! L$%!

@&4)$%&!A+-&r*!Q(%-8140%&!4+-!"$%!4&,$("%,"!A+@-&%'!9%&*,$%&3!*"&#?%!"#!(1)&#?%!"$%!,#+-("(#+*!/#&! "$%!,28"2&48!$%&("4.%!#/ !U#*#?4F!L$%0!'%&%!*2))#&"%-!60!"$%!O4,H4&-!G#2+-4"(#+!/&#1!"$%!

@

94-21!N#*Y2%F!L$%0! ,$#*%!728"2&48!9%&("4.%!'("$#2"!:#&-%&*!;79':<!4*!"$%(&!(1)8%1%+"(+.!

)4&"+%&3!'#&H(+.!(+!,##)%&4"(#+!'("$!"$%!$%&("4.%!-(?(*(#+!#/ !"$%!N(+(*"&0!#/ !728"2&%3!"$%!S+*"("2"%!/#&!O&#"%,"(#+!#/ !N#+21%+"*3! 4+-! "$%! S*841(,!=#,(%"0!(+!V>4H#?4F

Hadum Mosque in GjakovaV>4H#?#!(*!4!$(*"#&(,!"#'+!'("$!4!&(,$!2&64+!

$%&("4.%!,#+*(*"(+.!#/ !&%8(.(#2*3!,#11%&,(483!4+-!(+-2*"&(48! 62(8-(+.*F! 94-21! N#*Y2%3! 8#,4"%-!(+!"$%!$%4&"!#/ !"$%!$(*"#&(,!,#&%!#/ !"$%!"#'+3!(*!4,,%)"%-!4*!"$%!/#2+-(+.!*"&2,"2&%!#/ !"$%!*%""8%@1%+"F!L$%!1#*Y2%!'4*!62(8"!60!:(5%64+!;12"%<!=o8%014+!P/%+-(3!'$#! #&(.(+4"%-! /&#1!V#*H43!

P1)(&%F! =o8%014+!P/%+-(! *%&?%-! 4*! "$%! ! #/ !

111

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

E!7#+@

4&,$("%,"2&%3! ,#+*(*"%-! #/ ! 4! -#1%-! *"&2,"2&%!'("$!4!"$&%%@640!)#&"(,#!4+-!4!1(+4&%"F!A!,#1@)8%R!,#1)&(*(+.!4!8(6&4&03!4!)&(14&0!*,$##83!4+-!4! .&4?%04&-!-%?%8#)%-! 4&#2+-! "$%!1#*Y2%F!A+!#2"%&!)#&,$!'4*!4--%-!"#!"$%!1#*Y2%!4"!4!84"%&!

$%.(&4!-4"%! &%,#&-%-!46#?%! "$%!%+"&4+,%! "#! "$%!1#*Y2%F!

"$! ,%+"2&0F!

4&&4+.%1%+"*!4+-!84+-*,4)%*!6%,41%!4!"&%+-!(+!"$! ,%+"2&0FB!

(+! "$%! )%&(#-J*! 4&,$("%,"2&48! -%"4(8*! 4+-! -%,#&4@"(#+*F! G(&*"3! P2&#)%4+! 4&"(*"*! '#&H(+.! /#&! "$%!

4)4&"1%+"*! #/ ! "$%! *28"4+! 4+-! $(*! /41(80h ! 84"%&3!8#,48! 4&"(*"*!'%&%!%1)8#0%-! /#&! *(1(84&!)&#>%,"*F!

E!

'

F!

T*248803!"$%!84+-*,4)%*!)4(+"%-!#+!"$%!'488*!4+-!,%(8(+.*!#/ !14+*(#+*!4+-!1#*Y2%*!(+,82-%-!)4+@#&414*!#/ !S*"4+628!%16%88(*$%-!'("$!(14.%*!#/ !94.(4!=#)$(43!4+-!(1)%&(48!1#*Y2%*!4+-!)484,%*F!S+!U#*#?4!4+-!A864+(43! *#1%!+%'!1#*Y2%*!

"$!,%+"2&0F`!L$%!)4(+"%-!-%,#&4"(#+!#/ !"$%*%!1#+2@

#/ ! "$%! '#&H! 4+-! "$%! *26>%,"! #/ ! "$%! 84+-*,4)%!-%)%+-%-!#+!"$%!4&"(*"F!L$%!4&"(*"!'$#!-%,#&4"%-!94-21!N#*Y2%!'4*!A$1%-!Q%,%6!94&(h!$%!140!$4?%!6%%+!/&#1!"$%!&%.(#+!#&!#+%!#/ !*%?%&48!"&4?@%88(+.!4&"(*"*!%+.4.%-!(+!-%,#&4"(+.!62(8-(+.*F!A*!

`! U(%83!N4,$(%8F!-$$.0(#'C%1,+$"1$2%"' +#'C7:(#+(M' FHId/FGFJF! S*"4+628K!

112

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

"$%!-%,#&4"(#+!(+!"$%!2))%&!)4&"*!#/ !"$%!94-21!N#*Y2%! (+?#8?%-! 14+0! 8#,48! 4&,$("%,"2&48! %8%@1%+"*!8(H%!8277(*!;"#'%&!$#2*%*<3!"$%!4&"(*"!,#28-!'%88!$4?%!6%%+!/&#1!"$%!&%.(#+F!

War damage to Hadum Mosque

"(16%&!#2"%&!)#&,$!;,(R($<!#/ !"$%!1#*Y2%F!G#&"2@+4"%803!("!'4*!*"#))%-!6%/#&%!("!,#28-!,42*%!-41@

1(+4&%"!'4*!-%*"&#0%-!60!=%&6(4+!4&1%-!/#&,%*F!L$%!,#884)*%!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!#?%&!"$%!8(6&4&0!-41@4.%-!"$%!+#&"$%&+!)4&"!#/ !"$%!Ea"$!,%+"2&0!*"&2,@"2&%F!L$%!)&(14&0!*,$##83!4!"'#@*"#&%0!"&4-("(#+48!62(8-(+.!'("$! 4! "(16%&! &##/3!'4*! 48*#! -414.%-!-2&(+.!"$%!4""4,H*F!A/"%&!"$%!'4&! (+!U#*#?#3!&%8(%/ !4(-!'4*!)&#@

?(-%-!/&#1!=42-(!A&46(4!"#!&%)4(&!"$%!-414.%*F!T+/#&"2+4"%803! *#1%! #/ ! "$%! '#&H! ,4&&(%-! #2"!'("$!=42-(!/2+-*!-(-!+#"!1%%"!"$%!(+"%&+4"(#+48!*"4+-4&-*!#/ !)&%*%&?4"(#+F!L$%!=42-(*! (+"%+-%-!

"#! %*"468(*$! 1#-%&+! 1#*Y2%*! (+*"%4-!#/ !&%*"#&(+.!"$%!$(*"#&(,!#+%*F!L$%0!$4-!4!H(+-!#/ ! (,#+#,84*"! 4))&#4,$! "#!-%,#@&4"%-!1#*Y2%*!4+-!$(*"#&(,!,%1%"%&(%*F!S+!V>4H#?#!"$%0!&%1#?%-!"$%!$48/@-414.%-!8(6&4&0!+%R"! "#!"$%!94-21!N#*Y2%!4+-!6&#H%! -#'+! "$%! #8-! .&4?%*"#+%*! (+! "$%!,%1%"%&0! 4->#(+(+.! "$%! 1#*Y2%F! L$%*%!H(+-*!#/ !#//%+*(?%!2+-%&"4H(+.*!&%*28"%-!(+!#))#*("(#+!/&#1!8#,48!8%4-%&*!4+-!"$%!=42-(! )&#>%,"! /#&! "$%! 94-21! N#*Y2%!'4*!$48"%-F!c2&(+.! "$%!0%4&*!6%/#&%! "$%!'4&3! "$%!

%-2,4"(#+48! 4+-! )&#/%**(#+48! ,4)4,("(%*!#/ ! "$%! A864+(4+! )#)284"(#+! (+! U#*#?4!'%&%!&%*"&(,"%-F!L$%!)%&(#-!4/"%&!"$%!'4&!

@,#1(+.*! (+!6&(+.(+.! "#.%"$%&! "$%!'#&H@/#&,%F!L$%!+216%&!#/ !"%41*!,4)468%!#/ !)&%)4&(+.! )&#)%&! -#,21%+"4"(#+! 4+-!

-%?%8#)(+.!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#)#*48*!/#&!1#+21%+"*!'4*!?%&0!8(1("%-F![("$!"$%!6&%4H!/&#1!:%8.&4-%3!4!+%'!4-1(+(*"&4"(?%!*0*"%1!$4-!"#!6%!%*"468(*$%-F!S+! "$%! )#*"@'4&! )%&(#-3! (+"%&+4"(#+48! 4**(*"4+,%!'4*! )&#?(-%-! /&#1! -(//%&%+"! *#2&,%*F! A1#+.!

'4*! (+"%&%*"%-! (+! )&#?(-(+.! "%,$+(,48! 4**(*"4+,%!

113

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

/#&! 2&.%+"! &%)4(&*! 4+-! "$%! %*"468(*$1%+"! #/ ! 4!,28"2&48! $%&("4.%! (+?%+"#&0F! S+! "$%! /488! #/ ! BDDD3!

@#'4*!#&.4+(5%-!4"!"$%!O&(*$"(+4!

=,$##8! #/ ! A&,$("%,"2&%F! PR)%&"*! /&#1! *%?%&48!,#2+"&(%*!,41%! "#!-(*,2**! "$%!*("24"(#+!4+-!-%@

'4*!4*H%-!60!"$%!L2&H(*$!7$416%&!#/ !A&,$("%,"*!"#!"4H%!)4&"!(+!"$%!(+"%&+4"(#+48!'#&H*$#)F!A"!"$%!%+-!#/ !"$(*!(1)#&"4+"!.4"$%&(+.3!"$%!)4&"(,()4+"*!'%&%!"4H%+!#+!4+!%R,2&*(#+!"#!?(*("!*%?%&48!'4&@-414.%-! $%&("4.%! *("%*3! 41#+.! "$%1! V>4H#?4!4+-!"$%!94-21!N#*Y2%F!A"! "$%! *("%3! "$%! &2(+*! #/ ! "$%! Ea"$! ,%+"2&0! 8(@

6&4&0!$4-!6%%+!&%1#?%-h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

A"! "$(*!)#(+"3!Q(%-8140%&! 4+-!9%&&*,$%&!#/@/%&%-!/2+-(+.!/&#1!"$%!O4,H4&-!G#2+-4"(#+!/#&!"$%!-%?%8#)1%+"!#/ !4!)&#)%&!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#>%,"F!L$%0! 4*H%-! 1%! "#! ,#+"&(62"%! "#! "$%! &%,#?%&0!#/ ! "$(*! (1)#&"4+"! 1#+21%+"F! N0! *2..%*"(#+!

4,,%)"%-! "$%! #//%&! "#! '#&H! #+! "$%! &%*"#&4"(#+!

)$4*%!#/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%!4+-! ("*!,#2&"04&-F![("$!4!"%41!,#+*(*"(+.!#/ !4&,$("%,"*!4+-!4!*2&?%0#&3!"$%!1#+21%+"!4+-! "$%!.&4?%04&-!'%&%!*2&?%0%-! (+!"$%!*211%&!#/ !BDDEF!A!)$#"#.&4)$(,!-#,21%+@"4"(#+! 4+-! 14"%&(48! 4+480*(*! #/ ! "$%! 1#+21%+"!'4*! ,4&&(%-! #2"F! L$%! &%*"#&4"(#+! )&#)#*48! '4*!

@%,"!,#28-!+#"!6%!)2"!(+"#!4,"(#+!(11%-(4"%80F!

"#!,4&&0!#2"!"$%!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#>%,"F!L$%!4&,$("%,"!c(,H!=4+-6%&.3!79':J*!U#*#?4!:&4+,$!,##&-(@+4"#&3!(+?("%-!1%!"#!&%?(%'!"$%!)&#>%,"!)&%)4&%-!

@"(#+F!S!4,,%)"%-!"$%!(+?("4"(#+!4+-!?(*("%-!"$%!*("%!

+%%-%-!"#!6%!14-%!(+!"$%!)&#>%,"3!*#!("!'4*!)#*@*(68%!"#!*"4&"!("*!(1)8%1%+"4"(#+F!=%54(&!V4/2&&(3!

114

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

4!,(?(8!%+.(+%%&3!'4*!%+.4.%-!4*!"$%!*("%!14+4.%&F!L$%!U#*#?4!6&4+,$!#/ !79':3! (+! ,#+*28"4"(#+!'("$!"$%!42"$#&3!*2)%&?(*%-!"$%!&%*"#&4"(#+!'#&HFL$%!'#&H!#+!"$%!*("%!*"4&"%-!'("$!"$%!2&.%+"!

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

14+4.%&!V4/2&&(!'4*!468%!"#!.4(+!4,,%**!"#!Y24&@&(%*!/&#1!'$(,$!+4"2&48!*"#+%*!*(1(84&!"#!"$%!#+%*!2*%-!(+!"$%!1(+4&%"!'%&%!4,Y2(&%-F!9%!48*#!/#2+-!4! H(8+! '$(,$! ,#28-! )&#-2,%! $%R4.#+48! 6&(,H*F!L$2*!("!'4*!)#**(68%!"#!,4&&0!#2"!"$%!&%)4(&*!"#!

G#&!"&4(+(+.!*"#+%!,#+*%&?4"#&*3!4!,#2&*%!'4*!#&.4+(5%-! 4"! "$%! *("%F! ="#+%! ,#+*%&?4"#&! =(1#+![4&&4,H! '4*! (+?("%-! "#! %-2,4"%! "$%! "&4(+%%*3!*$#'(+.!"$%1!"$%!)&#)%&!'40!"#!&%)4(&!4+-!,#+@*#8(-4"%!-414.%-!,#821+*!4+-!/4p4-%!%8%1%+"*FC!=%?%&48! H(+-*! #/ ! *"#+%! $4-! 6%%+! 2*%-! (+! "$%!,#+*"&2,"(#+! #/ ! "$%! 1#*Y2%F! L$%! ,#821+*! #/ !"$%! )#&"(,#!'%&%!14-%! #/ ! 4! *)%,(48! 48464*"&(+%!

@*"#+%3!4!6&%,,(43!4!,#+.8#1%&4"%3!4+-!4!,48,4&%#2*!8(1%*"#+%!'%&%!2*%-F!Q%,#+*"("2"(#+!#/ !1(**(+.!%8%1%+"*!)&#?(-%-!

4!-(//%&%+"!,$488%+.%F!L$%!1#*Y2%!$4-!+#"!6%%+!"$#&#2.$80! &%,#&-%-! 6%/#&%! "$%! '4&F! N(**(+.!%8%1%+"*!*2,$!4*!"$%!,#&+(,%*!#/ !"$%!)#&,$!4+-!"$%!"#)!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!'%&%!(1)#&"4+"!-%"4(8*!"#!&%*"#&%F!L$%! 1(+4&%"! #/ ! 94-21! N#*Y2%! '4*! Y2("%!

$(.$!4+-!("*!648,#+0!$4-!4!/#&1!'$(,$!)&#64680!-4"%-! /&#1! 4! &%,#+*"&2,"(#+! 4/"%&! 4! 84"%! Ea

"$@

,%+"2&0!%4&"$Y24H%F!c2&(+.! "$%!'4&! (+!U#*#?43!

C! [4&&4,H3!=(1#+F!C&&"&&0"#$'(#)'%"1.00"#)($+.#'B.%'$,"'1.#&"%4($+.#'(#)'%"&$.%($+.#'.B '$,"'&$.#"'($'$,"'<()20';.&]2"M'fV(8.4(!;&%)#&"3!BDD`<F

"$%!)4&"!46#?%!"$%!648,#+0!; <!'4*!-%*"&#0%-3!*#!"$%!1(**(+.!)4&"!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!*$4/"!4+-!"$%!4&,$%-!-##&!8%4-(+.!"#!"$%!648,#+0!$4-!"#!6%!&%@,#+*"&2,"%-F!G#&!"$%!&%,#+*"("2"(#+!#/ !"$%!1(**(+.!-%"4(8*3!

"$%! *2&?(?(+.! )(%,%*! #/ ! "$%! 1(+4&%"! '%&%! *2&@?%0%-F!L$%*%!840!(+!4!$%4)!(+!"$%!*#2"$'%*"!)4&"!#/ !"$%!,#2&"04&-F!L$%!)(%,%*!#/ !"$%!)4&4)%"!*846*!'%&%!*#&"%-!#2"!4+-!6&#2.$"!"#.%"$%&!8(H%!)(%,%*!

-%"4(8*!#/ !"$%!*$4""%&%-!*846*F!L$%&%!'%&%!*#1%!#8-!)$#"#*!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"3!*$#'(+.!("*! !4+-!,4)3!62"!"$%*%!-(-!+#"!$%8)!12,$!'$%+!("!,41%!"#!-%"4(8*!8(H%!"$%!1#28-(+.*!4+-!"$%!,4&?%-!-%,#&4@"(#+F! L$%! *,4""%&%-! 68#,H*! 4+-! /&4.1%+"*! '%&%!*#&"%-!#2"3! (+! 4+!4""%1)"! "#!6&(+.! "#.%"$%&! "$%!*2&?(?(+.! /&4.1%+"*! #/ ! "$%! )4&4)%"*F! X2,H(803! ("!'4*!)#**(68%! "#! 4**%168%! "$%!6&#H%+!)(%,%*!#/ !"$%!)4&4)%"*F![("$!,#1)8%"%!-4"4!46#2"!"$%!*(5%3!

115

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"$(,H+%**3! 4+-! "$%! -%,#&4"(?%! )4""%&+*! #/ ! "$%!)4&4)%"3!("!'4*!)#**(68%!"#!,4&?%!"$%!+%'!)4&4)%"!*846*!/&#1!4!+4"2&48!*"#+%!*(1(84&!"#!"$4"!2*%-!(+!"$%!-%*"&#0%-!1(+4&%"F!S+! #8-! )$#"#*3! "$%!1(+4&%"! *$4/"! "%&1(+4"%-!

'("$!4!,#&+(,%F!A"!"$%!?%&0!"#)!#/ ! "$%!1(+4&%"3!>2*"! 6%8#'! "$%! ,#&+(,%3! "$%&%!'%&%! *1488! #)%+@

*$4/"F!T+/#&"2+4"%803!+#!#&(.(+48!/&4.1%+"*!/&#1!"$(*!)4&"!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!,#28-!6%!/#2+-!#+!*("%F![$%"$%&!"$%*%!*1488!#)%+(+.*!'%+"!"$&#2.$!"$%!'$#8%!-%)"$!#/ !"$%!*$4/"3!#&!'%&%!#+80!-%%)!&%@,%**%*3!'4*!4+!#)%+!Y2%*"(#+F!L$(*!H(+-!#/ !#)%+@(+.!(*!+#"!,#11#+!(+!"$%!1(+4&%"*!(+!4+-!4&#2+-!

46#2"! "$%! -%"4(8(+.! 4+-! /2+,"(#+! #/ ! "$%! #)%+@(+.*3!'%! -(-! &%*%4&,$! #+! #"$%&!1#*Y2%*! (+! "$%!&%.(#+F!S+!O&(*$"(+4!4+-!O%>43! ("!'4*!)#**(68%!"#!

#)%+(+.*!4"!"$%!"#)!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"!*$4/"!'%&%!(+@*)%,"%-!/&#1!(+*(-%!4+-!#2"F!L$%!#)%+(+.*!'%&%!-%%)h!"$%0!'%+"!"$&#2.$!"$%!'$#8%!"$(,H+%**!#/ !"$%!*$4/"F!L$(*!(+/#&14"(#+!'4*!?482468%!/#&!-%@?%8#)(+.!"$%!&%*"#&4"(#+!)&#)#*48F!L$2*3!'("$!"$%!$%8)!#/ !#8-!)$#"#*!4+-!"$%!(+/#&14"(#+!4,Y2(&%-!

"$%!-%"4(8(+.!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"J*!"#)F!

Restoration of the lead roofL$%! 8%4-!#+! "$%!14(+!-#1%!$4-!6%%+!-41@

4.%-! 60! *$##"(+.! 4+-! 8#+.! 0%4&*! #/ ! +%.8%,"F!L$%! &%)84,%1%+"! #/ ! "$%! 8%4-! ,#?%&(+.! *%%1%-!

%4*(80!4?4(8468%!(+!"$%!8#,48!14&H%"F!L$%!,&4/"!#/ !8%4-@840(+.!'4*!481#*"!/#&.#""%+!(+!U#*#?4F!S+(@"(48803! 8%4-! *$%%"*! /&#1!4! /4,"#&0! (+!=%&6(4!'%&%!

116

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

#6"4(+%-3! 62"! "$%! Y248("0! #/ ! "$%!1%"48!'4*! +#"!

'#&HF!A!,&4/"*14+!/&#1!:#*+(4!'4*!%+.4.%-!"#!'#&H! '("$! 8%4-! 4+-! *2,,%%-%-! (+! ,#?%&(+.! "$%!1(+4&%"! ,4)h!62"! ("!'4*!2+-%&*"##-! "$4"!$%!-(-!+#"! $4?%! %+#2.$! %R)%&(%+,%! "#! ,4&&0! #2"! "$%!'#&H!#+!"$%!14(+!-#1%F!=26*%Y2%+"803!6&(+.(+.!(+! =%1($!Tp4&3! 4+! %R)%&(%+,%-! 8%4-@840%&! /&#1!S*"4+6283!14-%!("!)#**(68%!"#!"&4(+!8#,48!,&4/"*1%+!4+-!&%+%'!"$%!&##/ !,#?%&(+.!#+!"$%!$(.$!-#1%!'("$!.##-!Y248("0!'#&H14+*$()F!9%!62(8"!4!84--%&!/#&!,8(16(+.! "#! "$%!?%&0! "#)!#/ ! "$%!-#1%3! 4+-!-%1#+*"&4"%-!$#'!"#!&%1#?%!"$%!#8-!8%4-!*$%%"*!4+-!)&%)4&%!"$%!12-!)84*"%&!840%&!'$(,$!4,"*!4*!4!,2*$(#+!2+-%&!"$%!8%4-!,#?%&F!L#!*)%%-!2)!"$%!'#&H3!*#1%!.##-!Y248("0!8%4-!'4*!(1)#&"%-!/&#1!L2&H%0F

The conservation of the painted surfacesS+!4--("(#+!"#!"$%!&(,$!)4(+"%-!-%,#&4"(#+*!#+!

"$%!'488*! 4+-! "$%! -#1%*3!94-21!N#*Y2%! $4-!?482468%! )4(+"%-! -%,#&4"(#+! #+! ("*! "(16%&!0(,/F!L$%!,#821+*3! ,2)6#4&-*3! 4+-!,%(8(+.!#/ ! "$%!! '%&%! -%,#&4"%-!'("$! 6&(.$"! ,#8#2&*F! L$%!

-%,#&4"(#+!#/ !"$%!"(16%&!%8%1%+"*3!%*)%,(4880!"$%!,%(8(+.!#/ ! "$%! ! 4+-! "$%! ,46(+%"*! 4&%!+#"%@'#&"$0F! L$%! 64,H.&#2+-! (*! .(8-%-! 4+-! "$%! &%-!

L$%!"0)%!#/ !-%,#&4"(#+!4+-!,#8#2&!*,$%1%!&%/%&*!"#! "$%!P-(&+%! "&4-("(#+! #/ !'##-! )4(+"(+.F! L$%!,#821+*!4+-!"$%!6482*"&4-%*!#/ !"$%! 3!#+!"$%!#"$%&!$4+-3!'%&%!)4(+"%-!(+!4!1#&%!)#)284&!*"08%!,#++%,"%-!'("$!/#8H!4&"!"&4-("(#+3!'$(,$!#+%!,4+!*%%!(+!$#&*%!,4&"*3!,&4-8%*3!4+-!"#0*FA"!"$%!6%.(++(+.!#/ !"$%!)&#>%,"3!,#+*%&?4"#&!

L#-0!7%54&!'4*! %+.4.%-3! 4+-! *$%! &%*"#&%-! "$%!

@"(#+!#/ ! "$%!)4(+"%-!-%,#&4"(#+! 4+-!$%&! &%,#1@1%+-4"(#+*!/#&!(1)&#?%1%+"F

C&&"&&0"#$' .B ' 02%(7' *(+#$+#5&' +#' Y.&.4.! ;&%)#&"3! BDDB<h!(-%13! A#$"%+0' (&&"&&0"#$' (#)' %"1.00"#)($+.#&' B.%' $,"' 1.#&"%4($+.#' (#)'%"&$.%($+.#' .B ' $,"' *(+#$")' &2%B(1"&' ($'s,(0+(' "'<()20M'fV(8.4(M' Y.&.4(';&%)#&"3!BDD`<F

L$%!,#+*%&?4"(#+!#/ !"$%!)4(+"%-!'488!*2&/4,%*!4+-!?428"*!'4*!4!,$488%+.(+.!#)%&4"(#+F!L$%!8#,48!S+*"("2"%!/#&!"$%!O&#"%,"(#+!#/ !N#+21%+"*!$4-!,#+-2,"%-! 4! &%*"#&4"(#+! #)%&4"(#+! (+! 94-21!N#*Y2%! 6%/#&%! "$%! '4&F! A/"%&! "$%! 8#**! #/ ! "$%!,(R($3! "$%! )#&"(,#J*! -%,#&4"(#+*! '%&%! %R)#*%-!"#! &4(+3! 4+-! *#1%!#/ ! "$%! "#)!)4(+"! 840%&*!'%&%!'4*$%-!4'40F!L$(*!6&#2.$"!"#!8(.$"!*#1%!#/ !"$%!

"$

-%,#&4"(?%! /%4"2&%*F! S"! '4*! )#**(68%! "#! *%%! "$%!*2&?(?(+.!)(%,%*!#/ !"$%!#&(.(+48!)4(+"%-!-%,#&4@"(#+!#+!"$%!)#&"(,#J*!,%+"&48!640!)%+-%+"(?%F! S+!

"$!,%+"2&0!-%,#&4"(#+!"$!,%+"2&0!

-%,#&4"(#+!#+!"$%!)%+-%+"(?%*!,#+*(*"%-!#/ !'(-%!64+-*!#/ !&%-3!'("$!'$("%!8(8(%*!(+!&%8(%/3!)84,%-!4"!"$%!,#&+%&*F!

117

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

L$%!)4(+"%-!-%,#&4"(#+!4"!"$%!2))%&!8%?%8*!#/ !"$%!(+"%&(#&!&%Y2(&%-!8#+.!4+-!,4&%/28!'#&H!,#+@-2,"%-!#+!*,4//#8-(+.F!A*!"$%!/2+-(+.!/&#1!"$%!O4,H4&-!G#2+-4"(#+!,#28-!+#"!,#?%&!"$%!&%*"#&4@"(#+!#/ !488!"$%!)4(+"%-!*2&/4,%*!"$%!,#1)8%"(#+!#/ !"$%!)#&,$!4+-!(+"%&(#&J*!&%*"#&4"(#+!'4*!)#**(68%!

4**(*"%-!60!0#2+.!"&4(+%%*!/&#1!U#*#?43!,4&&(%-!#2"!"$(*!&%*"#&4"(#+F!L$%!*2&/4,%*!'%&%!%R41(+%-!'("$!,4&%3!4+-!"$%!Y248("0!4+-!42"$%+"(,("0!#/ !"$%!)4(+"!840%&*!'%&%!%?4824"%-!,&("(,4880F!Q%)4(&*!4+-!

840%&*!'%&%!&%1#?%-F!L$%!,8#*%!&4+.%!%R41(+4@"(#+!#/ !"$%!)4(+"(+.*!#+!"$%!-#1%!&%?%48%-!+%'!(+/#&14"(#+! 46#2"! "$%! -%"4(8*! 4+-! 840%&*F! L$%!84+-*,4)%*! (+! "$%! 2))%&! 5#+%*! #/ ! "$%! 1#*Y2%!(+,82-%-3!4"!"$%!64*%!#/ !"$%!-#1%3!,0)&%**!"&%%*3!

8277(*3!4+-!4!6(.!*"&2,"2&%!'("$!?428"*!4+-!1(+4&%"*3!(1)80(+.!4!1#+21%+"48!1#*Y2%3!)&#6@4680!4+! (1)%&(48!*"&2,"2&%!'("$!-#268%!1(+4&%"*!4+-! *F!S"!'4*!(+"%&%*"(+.!"#!*%%!"$4"!"$%!1(+4@&%"! *$4/"*!$4-! *1488!#)%+(+.*!4"! "$%(&! "#)*3! 8(H%!"$%!94-21!N#*Y2%J*!1(+4&%"F!L$%!,4)*!#/ !"$%!1(+4&%"*!'%&%!-%)(,"%-!'("$!.#8-!,&#'+*3!(+*"%4-!#/ !"&4-("(#+48!(7"0*F

The upper windowsL$%!2))%&!8%?%8!'(+-#'*!#+!"$%!/4p4-%*!$4-!

6%%+! "#"4880! 8#*"! %?%+!6%/#&%! "$%!'4&F!O&#64680!/#&!*%,2&("0!&%4*#+*3!*#1%!'%&%!64&&%-!'("$!(&#+!&#-*F! L#! )&#"%,"! "$%! 1#*Y2%J*! (+"%&(#&! 4+-! ("*!-%,#&4"%-! 2))%&! '(+-#'*! /&#1! &4(+! 4+-! *8%%"3!("! '4*! -%,(-%-! "#! )&#-2,%! +%'! #2"%&!'(+-#'*!

"$@,%+"2&0!*"08%!4+-!

1#*Y2%!'#28-!6%!&%*"#&%-!"#!("*!/#&1%&!4))%4&@4+,%!4*!'%88F!L$%!2))%&!'(+-#'*!#/ !"$%!(+"%&(#&!-4"%!/&#1!

"$!,%+"2&0!4+-!4&%!.%+2(+%!)(%,%*!*$#'(+.!@

14+!)%&(#-F!L$%!'(+-#'!46#?%!"$%!0+,%(:!$4-!4!*)%,(48!-%*(.+!'("$!4!*(R@,#&+%&%-!*"4&F!L$%!#"$@%&*!$4-!4!.&(-!#/ !8#5%+.%*F!L$%!2))%&!'(+-#'*!$4-!48*#!*2//%&%-!/&#1!"$%!'4&h!*#1%!'%&%!"#"4880!-%*"&#0%-F! c2&(+.! "$%! ,#+*%&?4"(#+! '#&H3! "$%!-414.%-!'(+-#'*!'%&%! &%)4(&%-!4+-! "$%!1(**@

(+.! #+%*! '%&%! &%)84,%-! 60! +%'! #+%*!14-%! #/ !.0)*21F!

The graveyardA/"%&!,#1)8%"(#+!#/ !"$%!-&4(+4.%!*0*"%1!4+-!

"$%! ,#+*%&?4"(#+!#/ ! "$%!-%"%&(#&4"%-! *"#+%*!#+!"$%! /4p4-%*3! "$%! .&4?%*! (+! "$%! 64,H04&-! #/ ! "$%!1#*Y2%!'%&%!"&%4"%-!'("$!,4&%F!L$%!.&4?%04&-J*!84+-*,4)(+.!'4*!,4&&(%-!#2"!(+!,##)%&4"(#+!'("$!"$%!S*841(,!=#,(%"0!#/ !V>4H#?4!4+-!"$%!S+*"("2"%F!A!)4?%-!)4"$'40!'4*! 84(-! "#! %+468%!?(*("#&*! "#!.#!(+"#!"$%!)%4,%/28!4"1#*)$%&%!#/ !"$%!.&4?%04&-!4+-!?(*("!"$%!"#16*F!

Conclusion94-21! N#*Y2%! (*! 4+! #2"*"4+-(+.! 1#+2@

1%+"!'("$!4!&(,$80!-%,#&4"%-!(+"%&(#&F!Q(%-8140%&!4+-!9%&*,$%&! 846#2&%-!*"&%+2#2*80! "#!*"4&"!4+-!,#1)8%"%! "$%! 94-21! O&#>%,"F! L$%(&! (+*(.$"! (+!%*"468(*$(+.! 8(+H*! '("$! 79':! '4*! /#88#'%-!60! 4! *2,,%**/28! ,##)%&4"(#+F! L$%! ,#+"&(62"(#+!

4+-! (1)&#?(+.! "$%! )&%*%+"4"(#+!#/ ! "$%! )4(+"%-!*2&/4,%*F!74&%/28!(+"%&?%+"(#+*!(+!8(+%!'("$!(+"%&@+4"(#+48!)&(+,()8%*!*4/%.24&-%-!"$%!$(*"#&(,48!4+-!

"$@,%+"2&0!1#+21%+"F!L$%! 8%4-%&*$()! #/ ! 79':! (+! 6&(+.(+.! "#.%"$%&!

@

,#+.&4"284"%!488!"$%!*)#+*#&*3!"$%!%R)%&"*3!4+-!"$%!"&4(+%%*!'$#!$4?%!,#+"&(62"%-!"#!"$%!*2,,%**!#/ !"$%!)&#>%,"F!

118

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e C2$.%' %(&*%(47V(' .' 5%()+$"7V&8+0' (8$+4#.&$+0(' 2' :(78(#&8+0' *%.4+#1+V(0('-&0(#&8.5' 1(%&$4(' 2' *"%+.)2'

8.V+'V"'+X5%()+.'0#.5"'1%84"'#('*%.&$.%('6(78(#('EU8.*7V"M'm"7"&M'U0")"%"4.M';.&$(%M'U(%(V"4.M'+$)LN'j'U(%(V"42M'

/

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'1.#&$%21$+.#'(1$+4+$R'+#'$,"'-$$.0(#'6(78(#'*%.4+#1"&':"$P""#'$,"'T(#X+0($'9)+1$ &̂'*%.1/7(0($+.#'+#'FIHG'(#)'1(N'FInI'P+$,'%"5(%)'$.'1.00+&&+.#&':R'$,"'&$($"'.%'+$&'#.#/;2&7+0'&2:V"1$&N'T,+&'*"%+.)'(7&.'1.+#1+)"&'P+$,'$,"'1(%""%'.B '%"#.P#")';(1").#+(#/:.%#'(%1,+$"1$k:2+7)"%'C#)%"V('W(0V(#.4'EFIFH/nILN'6"$P""#'$,"'FIHK&'(#)'FIQK&M',"'P(&'$,"'7"()"%'.B '(#'+$+#"%(#$':2+7)"%&^'P.%8&,.*'$,($':2+7$'+#1%"(&+#57R'0.#20"#$(7'1,2%1,"&'+#'0(#R'6(78(#'7.1(7"&'EU8.*V"M'm"7"&M'U0")"%"4.M';.&$(%M'U(%(V"4.M'"$1NL'A#'U(%(V"4.M'W(0V(#.4'(7&.':2+7$'#"P':(%%(18&'B.%'$,"'-$$.0(#'*%.4+#1+(7'()0+#+&$%($+.#'(#)'1.0*7"$")'('!($,.7+1'1,2%1, &̂'4(27$+#5N'A#'$,"'FIQK&M':.$,'+#'U(%(V"4.'(#)'6"75%()"M'#"P'8.#(8&'P"%"':2+7$'B.%'$,"'*%.4+#1+(7'5.4"%#.%&N'T,"'H#+4H'+#'U(%(V"4.M':2+7$':R'$P.'W(70($+(#&M'&2%4+4"&M':2$'6"75%()" &̂'P(&')"&$%.R")'+#'SSAN'A$'&2%4+4"&'+#'%(%"'*,.$.5%(*,&'(#)'(')"&1%+*$+.#':R'b"7+@'Y(#+$XM'P,.'&(P'+#'+$'('&(7.#'B2%#+&,")'+#'$,"'92%.*"(#'0(##"%N

Nenad Makuljevi$

Dr#ava, dru% t vo i v izuelna ku l tu ra: poznoosmanska arhi tek tura u Srbi j i , Makedoni j i i Bosni i Hercegovin i

S ta te, socie ty, and v isual cu l tu re: la te Ot toman archi tec ture in Serbia, Macedonia, and Bosnia -Herzegovina

119

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

(&1.#:';/$ 0#<$ &1,+'1<#$>%! &%/#&1414! H#>%! *2! (148%! ?%8(H#.! 2"(,4>4! +4!H&%(&4+>%!?(52%8+%!H28"2&%F!L4+5(14"*H%!&%/#&1%!

@-("%8>*H2! 4H"(?+#*"! (! 2*8#?(8%! 6#.4"2! 4&$("%H"#+@

@.#?(+%!2!#68(H#?4+>2!(!H&%(&4+>2!?(52%8+%!H28"2&%!

@"&#+(!)#5+##*14+*H%!4&$("%H"#+*H%!)&#-2H,(>%FM#?4! 4&$("%H"#+*H4! )&4H*4! )&?#6("+#! *%!

*"&4+($! 4&$("%H4"4F! T! *H84-2! *4! *4?&%1%+(1!%?&#)*H(1! "#H#?(14! )&(1%+>2>%! *%! 4&$("%H"2&4!(*"#&(514! (! 4H4-%1(5143! 4! 2! >4?+(1! #6>%H"(14!*%! )#*"%)%+#! +4)2]"4>2! *"4&(>(! #*14+*H(! #68(,(F!S51%+>%+%! -&2]"?%+%! #H#8+#*"(! 2"(,48(! *2! -4! *%!?%8(H4! .&4-("%8>*H4! )&#-2H,(>4! #-?(>4! 54! )#"&%6%!

120

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

)&#,%*! 4&$("%H"#+*H%! "&4+*/#&14,(>%! #*14+*H($!>4?+($!#6>%H4"4F!

@+##*14+*H%! 4&$("%H"2&%! +4*"48%! 54! )#"&%6%!

@

M(H#8%! 2! M#?#1! *%82! H#-! ^"()4! EaCD3! =?%"#.!M(H#8%! 2! U214+#?2! EaCE3! =?%"#.! V%#&.(>4! 2!=1%-%&%?2!EaCE@EaC`3!=?%"%!L&#>(,%!2!N#*"4&2!

@

T5!&4-!54!)&4?#*84?+%!#)]"(+%!](&#1!:48H4+43!

#*14+*H4!H4*4&+4!2!=4&4>%?2!;(88F!B<F!c41>4+#?!>%!

+#?(!?#>+(!#6>%H4"F! S5.&4-+>4!H4*4&+%! >%!)&(?2H84!

A8%H*4+-&4! V(8>/%&-(+.4! 6(84! +4>(*"4H+2"(>4! x+4>@

+#]%+>%1!*468>%F!L#H#1!(5.&4-+>%!H4*4&+%3!c41@

=?%"#.!A+"%!O4-#?4+*H#.!2!=4&4>%?2F!

(!G&4+>#!N#(*%F!T!:#*+(!*2!6(8(!)&(*2"+(!(!-&2.(!.&4@

>%!"2!+4)&4?(#!,&H?2!645(8(H48+%!#*+#?%3!)#!2.8%-2!

?%8(H(!#8"4&!(!)&#)#?%-4#+(,2F!O#5+##*14+*H4! 4&$("%H"2&4!+4!:48H4+2! (! *?(!

(!4-1(+(*"&4"(?+(!#6>%H"(!*2!*H#&#!*4*?(1!+%*"48(F!

+4!U48%1%.-4+2! 2! :%#.&4-2! ;*8F! E<F! =&%-(+#1!fSf!?%H43!-&?%+(!H#+4H!(5.&4->%+!H&4>%1!f_SSS!?%H4!>%!6(#!2!8#]%1!*"4+>23!)4!>%!-#]8#!-#!(5.&4-@

O&?#.!*?%"*H#.!&4"4F!W4"#!#!+>%.#?#>!4&$("%H"2&(!

M#?(! )4](+! H#+4H! +4! U48%1.%-4+2! >%! 6(#!@

,()#?4+!)&%14!4H4-%1*H(1!4&$("%H@"#+*H(1!H#+,%),(>414F!U#+4H!>%!6(#!)#-(.+2"!H4#!*)&4"+#!5-4+>%3!4!>%-4+!#-!+>%.#?($!H&4"H($!#)(*4!-#+#*(!G%@

O&(1%&(! A+-&%>%! c41>4+#?4! (!)&(1#&*H($!.&4-("%8>4!2!:#*+(!(!9%&@,%.#?(+(!)#H452>2!H4&4H"%&(*"(H%!)#5@+##*14+*H%!4&$("%H"2&%!+4!:48H4+2F!Q4-! A+-&%>%! c41>4+#?4! +4*"4>4#!>%! ](&#1! 648H4+*H#.! )&#*"#&43! #-!N4H%-#+(>%!-#!:#*+%!(!9%&,%.#?(+%F!_%8(H4! 1#6(8+#*"! c41>4+#?4! 6(84!>%! 2*8#?8>%+4! +>%.#?#1! &%,%),(>#1!

121

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

O#5+##*14+*H4!4&$("%H"2&4!N4H%-#+(>%3!=&6(>%!(!

@"#+*H%! H28"2&%! (! 2*?4>4+>%! *4?&%1%+%! %?&#)*H%!.&4-("%8>*H%! )&4H*%3! ]"#! >%! 6(84! >4*+4! )#*8%-(,4!

@

N4H%-#+(>%3!=&6(>%!(!:#*+%!(!9%&,%.#?(+%F!M>%.#@?4!*4H&48+4!(!)&#/4+4!5-4+>4!)#H452>2!-4!>%!#+!)&(@

_%8(H#1!.&4-("%8>*H#1!)&#-2H,(>#1!c41>4+#?!>%!(51%+(#! ?(52%8+(! (-%+"("%"! :48H4+4F! S*"#?&%1%+#3!#+! >%!#*"?4&(#! >%-(+*"?%+(!#)2*!2!)#5+##*14+*@

T! )#5+##*14+*H#>! 4&$("%H"2&(! :48H4+4! (*@"4H+2"#!1%*"#!(14>2!(!.&4-("%8>(!H#>(!*2!*"(548(! (5!

@*(8(! (! )&(1%+>(?48(! 4&$("%H"#+*H2! )#%"(H2! +4*"482!

#*14+*H%!(!%?&#)*H%!.&4-("%8>*H%!)&4H*%F!

:48H4+2! 6(8#! >%! )#")2+#! 14&.(+48(5#?4+#! 2!@

122

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

/

&$+72'8(&#+V"'#(X4(#.0'Z:.&(#&8+' &7.5[N'-:V"8($' V"'#(&$(.' +#&*+%(1+V.0'$%()+1+.#(7#"':.&(#&8"'(%,+$"8$2%"' &'

$+*(M'&('$%()+1+.#(7#.0'*.)V"7.0'&$(0:"#.5'8.0*7"8&(M'8.V('V"'8(&#+V"'$"8'.*%"07V"#('&('*.#"8+0'0.)"%#+0'

T,"' (2$,.%' )+&12&&"&' $%(#&B.%0($+.#&' $,"'-$$.0(#/*"%+.)' 2%:(#' ,.2&"' 2#)"%P"#$' B.77.P+#5' $,"' ()4"#$' .B '

/$+.#&':"$P""#'$,"'7($"'FI$,'1"#$2%R'(#)'$,"'7($"'FG$,'1"#$2%RN'A#'$,"'B.2%$,'1.#&$%21$+.#'*,(&"M'm+"##( &̂'+#1%"(&+#5'

(#)'(11.%)+#5'$.'('*%.V"1$':R'(#'C2&$%./<2#5(%+(#'(%1,+$"1$'+#'('#"./$%()+$+.#(7'0.)"'$,"#'1(77")'Z$,"'6.&#+(#'&$R7"N['S,+7"'+#&*+%")':R'$%()+$+.#(7'6.&#+(#'(%1,+$"1$2%"M',"+5,$&'(#)'.$,"%'(&*"1$&'P"%"'()(*$")'$.'$,"'0.)"%#'

%"0(+#")'$%()+$+.#(7N

Lejla Bu"atli$

Trans formaci je gradske ku"e or i jen ta lnog t ipa u pos tosmankom per iodu na podru$ ju Bosne i Hercegovine

The t rans format ion of the or ien ta l - type urban house in pos t -Ot toman Bosnia and Herzegovina

123

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Uvod"()4! 2! :#*+(! (!

@6(>%+"48+(13! 4&$("%H"#+*H(1! ?&(>%-+#*"(14! >%!

.&4-4!*?4H4H#!"&%64!*4.8%-4"(!(!2!H#+"%H*"2!&45@?#>4!#?4H?#.!"()4!*"416%+%!4&$("%H"2&%!+4!:48@

E B

)&#*"#&+%! #&.4+(54,(>%3! H4#! ]"#! *2! .&2)(*4+>%!)&#*"#&(>4! #H#! ,%+"&48+%! *#6%! )#)2"! 4"&(>2143!

"%$+(H4! 2H452>2! +4! #&(>%+"48+%! (5?#&%! #?4H?#.!

#?%! "&4-(,(>%! 48(! >%! +>%+4! 4&$("%H"2&4! #&(.(+48+#!&>%]%+>%! H#>%! *%! "&%64! *4.8%-4"(! 2! H#+"%H*"2!

E! T!)#->%8(!+4!)&#*"#&(>%!54!)&(>%1!#&(>%+"(*4+%!)&%14!28(,(! (! (+"(1+(!

#&(>%+"(*4+4! .&2)4! )&#*"#&(>4! 4+-&#+("(*3! -#H! >%! .&2)4! #->%8>%+>4!

4&64+4]H(! "()F! S!-&2.(!42"#&(! ;=#8-#! (!c%&#H#<! *14"&4>2!-4! >%! *"4&4!

H#+,%),(>%3!*4!+4.84*H#1!+4!#*#6%+#*"(!?%54+%!2!)#>%-(+(1!H&4>%?(14!54!)&#*"#&+%3!H8(14"*H%3!-&2]"?%+%! 2?>%"%F! O&#,%*! #&(>%+"48(54,(>%! 54$@

@

)4! "4H#! (! *"416%+#>! 4&$("%H"2&(!M4&4?+#! "&%64!

@

#H#! >%5.&%3! *&%-(]+>%! )&#*"#&(>%! *4! #.+>(]"%1!2!H#>#>! *%! 6#&4?(8#! 2! "#H2! -4+4! (! *)4?48#F! U4*@

)#-(>%8("(! +4! -?(>%! )&#*"#&(>%3! $4>4"@)&%-*#68>%!(! $48?4"@*#62! #H#! H#>($! *%! ?&%1%+#1! .&2)(]2!

*"416%+%! 4&$("%H"2&%! #*14+*H#.! )%&(#-4! 2!

"&4-(,(>%!*"416%+%!4&$("%H"2&%F!M>%+4!)#*%6+#*"!

@H4+4F!c#84*H#1!42*"&#2.4&*H%!?84*"(!-#845(!-#!

@"#+*H($! /#&1(! +#?(1! %2&#)*H(1! *"4+-4&-(14!*%! #-?(>4#! )#*"2)+#! 2+#]%+>%1! )#>%-(+($!-(>%8#?4!1#6(8(>4&4!;#.8%-4843!*4"#?43!*"#8(,4<3!-4!6(!+4!H&4>2!H#1)8%"4+!%+"%&(>%&!-#6(#! (5.8%-!2!*H84-2!*!+#?(1!%2&#)*H(1!*"4+-4&-(14!H28"2&%!

124

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@

4&$("%H"#+*H4!14+(/%*"4,(>4!*%!1(>%+>4!54"?4&4+@>%1!H41%&(>4!(!-(?4+$4+4!"%!#68(H#?4+>%1!+#?#.!/4*4-+#.!)84"+4!2!*H84-2!*!+#?(1!*"(8*H(1!"%+@

#-?(>4!2!-?4!*1>%&43!H&#5!"&4+*/#&14,(>2!#6>%H"4!@

>414!H4H#!2!4&$("%H"#+*H(1!&>%]%+>(14!"4H#!(!2!

*8#.23!->%84!]H#8#?4+($!4&$("%H4"4!H#>(!H&%4"(?+(1!)&(*"2)#1!%8%1%+"%!"&4-(,(#+48+#.!.&4-("%8>*"?4!)#?%52>2!*!*2?&%1%+(1!"%+-%+,(>414F

(82*"&(&4"(!H&#5!H#1)4&4"(?+2! (! /#&148+2!4+48(52!

*"(8*H($! (! H28"2&#8#]H($! #&(>%+"4,(>4F! L&(! #6@

@14,(>%! "&4-(,(#+48+#.! .&4-("%8>*"?4! H&#5! )&#,%*!%2&#)%(54,(>%F

125

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Karakteristike, nastanak i razvoj gradske ku$e orijentalnog tipa u Bosni i HercegoviniU4#! *(16#8! ?(*#H#! &45?(>%+%! H28"2&%!

)&(+,()(14!)#]"(?4+>4!)&(?4"+#.!)&#*"#&43! )&4?4!+4!?(-(H3!)#?%5(?4+>4!)&(&#-%!(!4&$("%H"2&%3!H28"4!

@

+4!*2+,2<3!(*)2+4!2!H#16(+4,(>(!*4!-&?%+(1!.&%@

9%&,%.#?(+(! *%! H4#! 14"%&(>48! H#&(*"(! H41%+F !@

! M%&45?(>%+(! #68(H! +%! )#5+4>%! -(/%&%+,(&4+>%! >4?+%! (! (+"(1+%! 5#+%!

H&#?#1!)&%H&(?%+(1!](+-&#1F!S14!*H&#1+(!-#H*4"3!)#8254"?#&%+2!

! 7%+"&48+#@6#*4+*H(! #68(H! H4&4H"%&(]%! +4.84]%+#! (*"(,4+>%! -#H*4"43!

*"&F`DF

126

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

-#1! 6%5! +4.84]+($! -%H#&4"(?+($! %8%1%+"4+43!#?4H4?! "()! .&4-+>%! >%! *?#>(1! H#+,%)"#1!68(54H!&>%]%+>(14!1#-%&+%!4&$("%H"2&%F!Q4-(!*%!#!*>4>+#>!

#-?4>4!*"416%+(!H#1)8%H*!*4!64]"4143!4?8(>4143!14.454143! -(?4+$4+4143! H41%&(>4143! 12"?4@

@

@

@

)&#5#&4F! =&%-(]+>(! )&#*"#&! >%! )&454+! (! 54*"&"!

@>%1!-2]%H4!1(>%+>4!*%!(!/2+H,(>4!*#6%F!T!*H84-2!*! H4&4H"%&#1! (*841*H%! H28"2&%! 2!12*8(14+*H(1!

H#-! +%12*8(14+*H#.! *"4+#?+(]"?4F! Q458(H%! *2!@

@

@*"#&43!)&#(54]8#1!(5!(*841*H#.!*?>%"#+45#&4!(!&%@8(.(>*H#.!#6&%-+#.!)&4+>4!)&%-!1#8("?2!;25(14+>%!

@

127

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

`

H#>(!>%!56#.!+%)#*82]+#*"(!6#*4+*H#1!?%5(&2!Ea`aF!.#-(+%!3!*4!>#]!+%H(1! =4&4>8(>4143! )&#.+4+! +4! U&%"23! .->%! >%! 21&#! -?(>%! .#-(+%!

)&%]84! 2! ?84*+(]"?#! )#&#-(,%! =?&5#3! H#>4! >%! ]%5-%*%"($! .#-(+4!ff!

.&4-*H%!H28"2&%!*"4+#?4+>4!2!#*14+*H#1!)%&(#@

4*)%H"(14! (! H4&4H"%&(*"(H414F! L&4-(,(#+48+(!14@

+4!*48%182H!(!$4&%182H!;>4?+(!(!)&(?4"+(!)&#*"#&<3!

?(]%*"&2H4! /2+H,(#+48+#*"! 2+2"&4]+>%.! )&#*"#&43!4&$("%H"2&4! H4#! -(#! )&(&#-%! (! )&(&#-4! H4#! -(#!4&$("%H"2&%!*?%!*2!"#!)&%)#5+4"8>(?%!H4&4H"%&(*"(H%!"&4-(,(#+48+#.! .&4-("%8>*"?4F! T+2"&4]+>(! )&#*"#&!

@@

8>%+(1!25!5(-#?%!)&#*"#&(>4F!:#.4"4!-&?#&%564&(>4!

2H&4]%+(! "%$+(H#1! *4?4"43! 8%?$%! 2)#")2+>2>2!

c#1(+4"+(! *2! #&(>%+"48+#@(*841*H(! 2"(,4>(! *! ?&8#!&(>%"H(1! )&(1>%&(143! )&(>%! *?%.4! 2! 2+2"&4]+>%1!

+4! )&#,%*! %2&#)%(54,(>%F! T! %+"%&(>%&2! ?%8(H#.!

54! #H2)8>4+>%! )#&#-(,%! 54! ?&(>%1%! 64>&4143! (/@

#.8%-484!H4#!)&(1>%&!)#*"%)%+#.!)&#-(&4+>4!%2@&#)*H($!*"4+-4&-4!(!)#?%5(?4+>4!*!"&4-(,(#+48+(1!

@

=?#>(1! *"(8*H(1! H4&4H"%&(*"(H414! (! -(1%+5(@>4143! #?4H?(! -(>%8#?(! +41>%]"4>4! +%! 2H84)4>2! *%!2! 416(>%+"! "&4-(,(#+48+#.! .&4-("%8>*"?4! (! +>%.#?!

H#1)4"(6(84+! *! 1#6(8(>4&#1! H#>(! .4! *?#>#1!

(5.8%-! "&4-(,(#+48+%! *"416%+%! 4&$("%H"2&%! (5!#*@14+*H#.!)%&(#-4F

128

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Proces transformacije kroz usvajanje novih europskih standarda u kulturi stanovanja=?4H4H#! #?2! )&#68%14"(H2! &45?#>4! (! 1#-(@

>%-+#1!](&%1!H#+"%H*"2!/#&1(&4+>4!#&(>%+"48+#.!@

(!4&$("%H"#+*H(1!&>%]%+>(14!)#-!2"(,4>%1!*2?&%@1%+($! -%]4?4+>4! 2! %2&#)*H#>! 4&$("%H"2&(! *! +4@

@

1#.2! )&4"("(! (! ?(->%"(! 2! 6#.4"*"?2! .&4-("%8>*H#.!

%2&#)*H(! .&4-("%8>*H(! *"4+-4&-(! "&4+*/#&1(]2!

@

@*H#1!)%&(#-2!2&64+4!>%-(+(,4!>%!14$4843!4!2!42*@

@

4H4-%1(514!+%#*"(8#?4!(!*%,%*(>%F!T"(,4>(!(*841*H%!

)&#>%H"#?4+(1! 2! +%#142&*H#1! *"(823! 4&$(@

68#H#?4! (8(! 2! +(52! 25! +4*"#>4+>%! 14H*(148+#.!

+4>41+%3! )#*8#?+#@*"416%+%! 5.&4-%3! *"416%+%!)484"%!(!?(8%CF!AH#!*%!&4-(8#!#!"()2!)#*8#?+#@*"41@

)#*8#?+(!)&#*"#&(!-#H!*%!+4!*)&4"#?(14!*"4+#?4@8#F!c(*)#5(,(>4! >%!#&.4+(5(&4+4! "4H#!-4! *%! *48#+(!(!&%)&%5%+"4"(?+%!)&#*"#&(>%!54!)&(>%1!#&(>%+"(&4>2!

@>#1!(!H2)4"(8#!#&(>%+"(]2!H4!-?#&(]"2F!T!*&%-(]"2!

Q4*H#]+4! &>%]%+>4! /4*4-%! (! %+"%&(>%&4! .#?#&%! #!-&2]"?%+#1!*"4"2*2!?84*+(H4F!=?%! "#!2H452>%!+4!

)&(8(H4! 2! :#*+(! (! 9%&,%.#?(+(! (! 2! *H4-2! *! "(1!

@1%+4! *"&%18>%+>4! (! *"4+-4&-%! *&%-+>%%2&#)*H($!H28"2&+($!H&2.#?4F!M4&4?+#!-4!*%!*?4!#?4!62&+4!

]#H!H#>(!*%!-%]4?4!-#84*H#1!42*"&#2.4&*H%!?84*"(!@

-%]4?4! )#*"2)+#3! 2+#]%+>%1!)#>%-(+($! -(>%8#?4!1#6(8(>4&4K! *"#8(,43! #.8%-4843! -4! 6(! +4! H&4>2! )#@>%-(+%! )&#*"#&(>%! -#6(>48%! (5.8%-! H#>(! )#")2+#!#-.#?4&4! +#?#>! 54)4-+#>! H28"2&(! *"4+#?4+>4! 2!*H84-2! *! *2?&%1%+(1! (1)#&"#?4+(1! *"(8*H#1!#&(>%+"4,(>414F!

2! H4&4H"%&2! "&4-(,(#+48+%! *"416%+%! 4&$("%H"2&%F!G8%H*(6(8+#*"!/2+H,(#+48+#*"(!2+2"&4]+>%.!)&#*"#@

*?#>2! 4-4)"(6(8+#*"! (! ?(]%*"&2H2! /2+H,(#+48+#*"F!

129

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

@"(843! ?#-#?#-+($! (+*"484,(>43! +4&2]4?4! *%! (+"%.@

@

">F! +#?(! *"4+3! ?%8(H%! #"?#&%+%! )#?&](+%! )#*"4>2!

82H*25!)4!*%!54"?4&4>2!(!)&%"?4&4>2!2!*#6%Fb!="#.4!*%!)#*"4?8>4!)("4+>%!-4!8(!%2&#)%(54,(>4!)&%-*"4?8>4!-%.&4-4,(>23!-%*"&2H,(>2!(8(!+#?(!H?48("%"!2!H28"2&(!

b! M41>%]"4>!H#>(!#-.#?4&4!*&%-+>%%2&#)*H(1!*"4+-4&-(14!2+2"&4]+>%.!

5(-4F!

130

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

a

*"4+#?4+>4! )#-! 2"(,4>%1! *&%-+>%%2&#)*H#.! H28@

@+4-+#1!-#.&4-+>#1F!M>%+!4&$("%H"#+*H(!&45?#>!

;5.&4-4! _4H2/*H%! 6#8+(,%3! +%H4-4]+>%! _#>+%! 6#8+(,%! (! _%5(&*H#.!

(5?#-(#!*4+4,(#+%!&4-#?%!+4!"%1%8>(14!_(]%.&4-*H#.!1#*"4!EabCF.F!

.&4+(,43!_84-%!U4+"#+4!=4&4>%?#!(!W4?#-4!54!54]"("2!*)#1%+(H4!2!*4*"4?2!G%-%&48+#.!1(+(*"4&*"?4!H28"2&%! (!*)#&"4F!c4+4*!*%!#6>%H4"!+4845(!2!?84*+(]"?2!N25%>4!.&4-4!=4&4>%?4F

12"?4H23! 2! -&2.#>! -#845(! -#! *)4>4+>4! H41%+%!@

+41(>%+#1!(!*48#+43!"%!+>($#?#!*)4>4+>%!>%-(+*"@?%+(1!H&#?#1! (! /4*4-#1!*! 4&H4-#1!2!)&(5%1@

54"?4&4>2! 82H#?(!+4!*)&4"2! (!54*"4H8>2>2!4&H4-%!2!@

*"?%+!4&$("%H"#+*H(! (5&45!2!-2$2!+%#&%+%*4+*%!(!4H4-%1(514 F

=4&4>%?2F'

131

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

%2&#)*H($! "%+-%+,(>4! 4H4-%1(514! (! %H8%H"(H%! 2!

)#")2+#! 2! -2$2! "&4-(,(#+48+#.! .&4-("%8>*"?4!;141(+4ED! (!646(+4!*#64EE<3!)&%H#!)&#*"#&4!.->%!

@H(1!*"4+-4&-(14!;H26%8(>4EB)#")2+#!2! *H84-2!*! *2?&%1%+%(1! "%+-%+,(>414!)#-!2"(,4>%1!*&%-+>%%2&#)*H(1!H28"2&+($!,%+"4&4!

ED

*?(8%+(! >4*"2,(! H4#! *"4"2*+(! *(16#8! .#?#&%! -4! *%! &4-(! #! 6#.4"#>!)#&#-(,(F'

EE

12*4+-%&4!*!#"?#&#1!(54!H#>%.!*2!2*H%!-&?%+%!*"%)%+(,%!H4#!?%54!

*H2)#,(>%+4! *&%6&%+4! (H#+4F!T! *&%-(]+>%1!)&#*"#&2! >%! )#*"4?8>%+4!*#/&4!@!-%1(&8(>4F!T5!5(-!-#!?&4"4!>%!*4+-2H!54!&2$#F'

EB

Q4-(! *%! #! +%H#>! ?&*"(! .#*"(+*H%! *#6%F! T! *"416%+#>! 4&$("%H"2&(!

$4141(3! $4+#?(@L4]8($4+! >%! (14#! 14.45%! +4"H&(?%+%! H2)#8414F!

#&(>%+"48+($! (! 54)4-+#%?&#)*H($! 2"(,4>4F! T! (*"#>! )&#*"#&(>(! )#&%-!

?%+%,(>4+*H#!#.8%-48#3!1482!*48#+*H2!.4&+("2&2!2H&4]%+2!&%564&(>#1!

H2)8>%+!#-!/&4+,2*H#.!H#+284! (!*4"!%+.8%*H%!)&#(5?#-+>%F!O#*%64+!

H28"2&#8#]H($!(!*"(8*H($!#-&%-+(,4!#?#.!(525%"+#!54+(18>(#.!(+"%&(>%&4F'

=4&4>%?2F!_%8(H4!*#64 @

)#*"2)+#1!)&#,%*2!%2&#)%(54,(>%!"&4-(,(#+48+#.!%+"%&(>%&43!+4&4?+#!(!*41#1!+41>%+#1!48(!(!)#>4@

&4-! *8(H4&4! b%w&",7(

*#64E`3584"+(! *48#+EC! (! "&)%54&(>4 3! -%1#+*"&(&4>2!4)*#82"+2! -#1(+4,(>2! %2&#)*H($! *"4+-4&4-4! 2!

H28"2&%! *"4+#?4+>43! 4&$("%H"#+*H#.! #68(H#?4+>4!

@+>%%2&#)*H%!#&(>%+"4,(>%!2!*"(82!6(-%&14>%&4F!Q%@

"&4-(,(#+48+%!*"416%+%!4&$("%H"2&%

E`

+>%+(1!1#6(8(>4&#1F'

EC

'

/2+H,(>4!)#>%-(+($!)&#*"#&(>4!#?4H?(1!"()#1!1#6(8(>4&4!H#>(!)#")2+#!"&4+*/#&1(]%! (! H4&4H"%&! (! 416(>%+"48+2! ?&(>%-+#*"! "&&4-(,(#+48+#.!

132

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

Nova rje"enja u pribli!avanju tradicionalnog graditeljstva i suvremenih tendencija kroz arhitekturu bosanskog sloga

.%+(2*4! 8#,(Eb@

?#&+#*"!"&4-(,(#+48+#.!.&4-("%8>*"?4F!U4#!&%528"4"!@

*%!4&$("%H"2&4!6#*4+*H#.!*8#.4!H#>4!+4!H&%4"(?4+!@

+48+(1! /#&1414! *"416%+%! 4&$("%H"2&%! #*14+@

Eb! :#*+4! >%! )#*"484! 54+(18>(?4! "%H! )&#](&%+>%1! #+#.! ?4.+%&(>4+*H#.!

+4*"#>4+>%! -4! *%! H&#5! -48>+(! &45?#>! .&4-("%8>*H%!

>%! )&(>%! *?%.4! &%528"4+"4! H28"2&4! H#>%! *2! *%! -#@)2+>4?48%! H&#5! $(*"#&(>2FEa! =! -&2.%! *"&4+%! 4&$(@

@>*H(1! /#&1414! >%-+#*"4?+(1! &>%]%+>(14! /4*4-4!

0.)/"%#"W4+(18>(?! )&(1>%&! #?4H?($! "&4.4+>4! 4&$(@

@

+4&#-+#1!.&4-("%8>*"?2F!U4#!(5?4+&%-4+!*)#>!"&4-(,(#+48+($!%8%1%+4"4!

(! *2?&%1%+%! .&4-+>%! 42*"&#2.4&*H#.! )%&(#-4! *4!

>%-+#! #-! +4>2*)>%]+(>($! _4+,4]%?($! #*"?4&%+>4!

Ea

133

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

2! #684*"(! *"416%+%! 4&$("%H"2&%! )&#>%H"#?4+%! 2!6#*4+*H#1!*8#.2F!M%! &4-(! *%!#! /4H*(1(8*H#>! (+@

@+48+%! 4&$("%H"2&%! 2! +#?(! *2?&%1%+(! H#+"%H*"F!

4&$("%H"2&%!)&%)#5+4"8>(?#! >%!2!)#->%8(!+4!12]H(!

)&($?4"4+>2!>%-+#*)&4"+#.!&>%]%+>4!(!2)#"&%6(!(*@

H4#!&%1(+(*,%+,(>%!+4!H41%&(>2F!

*"4+-4&-(!42*"&#2.4&*H#.!)%&(#-4F

#)%H43!-&?#!(!%"%&+(" F!T!)#-&21*H#1!)&#*"#&2!

(! *?#-#1! #-! #)%H%3! >%-+4! ?&*"4! )8("H#.! "5?F!

42*"&#2.4&*H#.!)%&(#-43!#-*"2)4>2!#-!H#+,%)"4!

@

*4!#&(>%+"4,(>#1!+4!28(,2!+4>&%)&%5%+"4"(?+(>4F!

#)84"4!?(*#H#.!*#H84!(!-#+>($!5#+4!)&(5%18>4!)&4"(!

(!H4)(>4FBD

1#-%8#?4+(! "&#6&(-+(! %&H%&BE! 2! /#&1(! -#H*4"4!

5#+4! /4*4-%! (! *"%)%+(]"%! >%! H41%+#3! -#H! *2! )#-#?(3! )&?#6("+4!

c&?%+4!?%&4+-4! *4!)#.8%-#1!+4!-?#&(]"%! (! &(>%H2! *&2](84! *%!2*8>%-!+%)#*"#>4+#*"(!14"%&(>4843!"%!>%!541(>%+>%+4!6%"#+*H#1F

+4845(8%!?%]!H2$(+>4!(!H(+#!*484!-#!H#>($!*%!*(845(8#!*"%)%+(]"%1F!L%&4*4!

BD

A&$("%H"2&4!:#*+%! (!9%&,%.#?(+%3! &45?#>!6#*4+*H#.!*"(843!=4&4>%?#!

BE

(+"%&)&%"4,(>%! "&4-(,(#+48+#.F!S*"4H+2"%!*"&%$%!*%!>4?8>4>2!(!(5+4-!2845+($!H4)(>4F!7%+"&48+#!&45?(>%+4!-(*)#5(,(>4! #6>%H"4! )&4"(! /2+H,(#+48+2! )#->%82!

="(8*H%! H4&4H"%&(*"(H%! &4+%! 0.)"%#"! 1#.2!

Q("1(54,(>2!(!*H84-+%!)&#)#&,(>%!.84?+%!/4*4-%!@

)#&%-!)&#5#&4!*#6%!54!H2$4&(,2!(!*"%)%+(]"4!>4?8>4!*%! (! *8(>%)(! )&#5#&3! >%-4+! #-! 4&$("%H"#+*H($! %8@

@(>2!H#1)#5(,(>%FBB+4!"&4-(,(#+48+#!.&4-("%8>*"?#!1#.2!*%!)&(1(>%"("(!

?(*(+(!)&?#.!*)&4"4!]"#!*%!6("+#!&458(H2>%!#-!H#+@

)#?%54+#1!146%>+#1!2!>%-(+*"?%+!4&$("%H"#+*H(!

@

*48#+4!#&(>%+"(*4+($!+4!28(,2!;"&(!2!12]H#1!(! "&(!

#&(>%+"(*4+%!+4!-?#&(]"%F!T!12]H#1!&%)&%5%+"4@

BB

134

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

+4!28(,2! ;4&4)*H4!*#64

2! -&?#&%564&(>(! (! *%-%/+#1! (+"4&5(>#1! 2! 142&*H#1! *"(82F!

6(8>+(1! (! .%#1%"&(>*H(1!1#"(?(14!_("&(+%! (! )4&4?4+! *4*"#>48(! *2! *%!

64&64H4+4F!T! (*"#>!14+(&(!6(8(!*2!-%H#&(*4+(! (!)%]H2+(! (!]H&46(>%!+4!

6(8>+#.! (!.%#1%"&(>*H#.!#&+41%+"4!H4#!-%H#&4,(>4!-&?#&%564&%+#.!

>%K!97'+&$+8(0"$2'(V#2%'8"7(0"$';V#*"#)&(1*"?#!>%!(5?#&!)8%1%+("#*"(<F!

-%1(&8(>4!(!1%*(+.4+4!14+.484!*4!)#*"#8>%1!(!)#H8#),%1!2H&4]%+(1!)%&/#&(&4+(1!#&+41%+"#1F!O84/#+!*#6%!>%!6(#!-%H#&(*4+!#*8(H4+#1!.%#1%"&(>*H##1! 4&46%*H#1F! U#1)8%"4+! 1#6(8(>4&! 4&4)*H%! *#6%!

:4+>#>!X2,(F

H2$(+>%3!])4>543!*#6%!54!H2$4&(,2!(!"#48%"43!H#>(!*2!#&(>%+"(*4+(!+4!-?#&(]"%F!W(-#?(!H2)4"(84!(!H2$(+>%!

' (' 7(' B%(#1(!*"(82!]"#!*%!6("+#!&458(H2>%!#-!"&4-(,(#+48#.!H#+@

@

+4845(1#! +4! (*"(! &4*)#&%-! )&#*"#&(>4F! L&(! *48#+4!B`3! &#54! *48#+BC

*#64<!#&(>%+"(*4+($!*2!+4!28(,2F!94>4"!#-?4>4!#?%!

B`

*&%-+>%%2&#)*H($! *"(8*H($! #&(>%+"4,(>4! H4*+#.! 41)(&43! 6(-%&14>%&43!*%,%*(>%!(!6#*4+*H#.!"&4-(,(#+48+#.!%+"%&(>%&4F!N#6(8(>4&!*48#+4!*4*"#>(!

%&H%&2!H#>4!*%!54?&]4?4!*4!]H&46(>4143!14+.48%3!H#+,%&"+#.!H84?(&43!

(!S+"#"%' S"%8&$y$$"LM'

*2! #-! 6(>%8%! *?(8%3! 4! H#+*"&2H,(>4! 82*"%&4! H#16(+4,(>#1!1%"484! *4!

#-! "41+#.! &%564&%+#.! -&?%"4! +4-! *4"+(1! 1%$4+(51#1! (14!|W+"' l"+$' +&$' f"7)}! ;_&(>%1%!

>%!+#?4,<yF!L#! >%!2>%-+#! (!+4>*"4&(>(!-(#!%+"%&(>%&43!)&()4-4#! >%!#,2!

*2!2!-&?#&%564&(>(!*4!,&+#1!(!6(>%8#1!*%-%/+#1!"#8%-#!(+"4&%5(>#1!

21>%"+#*"(!N4.&%64!(!̂ )4+(>%!H4#!(!+41>%]"4>!(5!4&4)*H%!*#6%F!V#&+>%!5#+%!5(-#?4!(!)84/#+!#*8(H4+(!*2!(7'&"11.!-%H#&4,(>#1!H#>4!)&%-*"4?8>4!

=?4H4!H#1)#5(,(>*H4!,>%8(+4! >%!#-?#>%+4!1#"(?#1!.(&84+-%! *8(H4+%!

.&#5-#?4FBC

*"4+-4&-4! 2! H28"2&(! *"4+#?4+>4! *! +4.84*H#1! +4! 2"(,4>! /&4+,2*H#.!

6#>%F!U#1)8%"4+! (+?%+"4&!*#6%!)&#-4>#1!+4H#+!*1&"(!)&?#6("+#.!+#'

&+$2F

135

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

H2)4"(84!(!"#48%"4!H#>(!.8%-4>2!+4!-?#&(]"%F!O#*%6+2!

H4&4H"%&(*"(H4F!c#H! *41!#6>%H4"! (14! H4&4H"%&(*@

-%H#&4"(?+#*"(3!%+"%&(>%&(! (14>2!+4.84]%+!-%H#&4@"(?+(! 416(>%+"48+(! H4&4H"%&F! Q4-(! *%! #! .#"#?#!

@*H($!#-&%-+(,4!6(-%&14>%&43!*%,%*(>%3!*"(84!X#2(*4!f_3! *! 142&*H(1! *"(8#1! (! %8%1%+"(14! "&4-(,(#@

#*1(]8>%+(1!%+"%&(>%&(14!#*"?4&%+!>%!*H84-+(>(!#-@

@@

*"4?8>4! 54+(18>(?! *)#>! %8%1%+4"4! "&4-(,(#+48+#.!%+"%&(>%&4! *! 1#6(8(>4&#1! 2! *"(82! 6(-%&14>%&43! "%!

2!*"(82! *%,%*(>%F!Q#54!*48#+!*4! *48#+*H#1!.4&+(@

)&($?4"4+>4!+#?($!*"4+-4&4-4!(!*"(8*H($!#-&%-+(,4!6%5! %8%1%+4"4! "&4-(,(#+48+#.! %+"%&(>%&4F! _(*(+4!

@-4&-(14! 42*"&#2.4&H#.! )%&(#-4! #-.#?4&4! 14@*(?+#*"(!1#6(8(>4&4!H#>(!*%!+%!6(!1#.4#!2H8#)("(!2!

4&$("%H"2&%F

Umjesto zaklju%kaO&#,%*!"&4+*/#&14,(>%!"&4-(,(#+48+%!*"416%+%!

4&$("%H"2&%!)#-!2"(,4>%1!%2&#)%(54,(>%!-#84*H#1!42*"&#2.4&*H%!2)&4?%!#62$?4"4!)%&(#-!H&4>4!fSf!

*"(8*H($! (! %*"%"*H($! *"4+-4&-4! +4! >%-4+! .#"#?#!

H#+"%H*"2! /2+H,(#+48+($! 54$"(>%?4! *2?&%1%+#.!

@(1! )#?%5(?4+>%1! *! +#?(1! *&%-+>%%2&#)*H(1!.&4-("%8>*H(1!*"4+-4&-(143!)&%H#!&%.(#+48(514!(+@

6#*4+*H#.! *8#.4!2845(1#!2!+#?2! /452!2! &45?#>2!@

+4,(#+48+(1!*"(8#1!0.)"%#"N!

.&4-("%8>*"?43!)&#845(!H&#5!)&#,%*! "&4+*/#&14,(>%!48(! #)*"4>%! H4#! (525%"+#! ?&(>%-4+! -(#! 6#.4"#.!

136

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

*.$.0'.:#.47V"#('2'&8.%+V"0'*"%+.)2N

T,+&'(%$+17"')+&12&&"&'$,"'*7(##+#5'.B '#"P'2%:(#'&"$$7"0"#$&'+#'6.&#+('(#)'<"%X"5.4+#('(&'('%"&*.#&"'$.'$,"'

EZq.P"%'CX+X+R"[LM'$,"'&(0"'#20:"%'.B ',.2&"&'P(&'$.'(11.00.)($"'GQH')+&*7(1")'*"%&.#&'B%.0'U"%:+(N'T,"+%'

b%+)(R'0.&]2"&M'2&2(77R'#(0")'ZCX+X+R"M['P"%"'"%"1$")' +#'(77'.B ' $,"'#"P'&"$$7"0"#$&N'T,"'0.&$'(%1,+$"1$2%(77R'%"0(%8(:7"'.B '$,"&"'#"P'0.&]2"&'P(&':2+7$'+#'6%"X.4.'a.7V"'(%.2#)'FIQH'(#)M'+#'$"%0&'.B '&$R7"M',(&':""#'1(77")'('%"*%"&"#$($+4"'.B '$,"'Z-$$.0(#'6(%.]2"N['T,+&'#.$"P.%$,R'0.&]2"'P(&'1.0*7"$"7R')"&$%.R")'+#'FGGH'(#)'+&'*%"&"#$7R':"+#5'%"1.#&$%21$")N

Mirza Hasan &eman

Urgentne urbane in ter venci je osmanske v las t i na podru$ ju Bosne i Hercegovine nakon 1860. godine

Urban in ter vent ions by the Ot toman s ta te in Bosnia -Herzegovina af ter 1860

137

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

2$!&<2$2*=+'/>+%/;#$:#*4+*H#.'"V(7"$(!"#H#1!@

64+(54,(>%! )&%-*"4?8>4! $("+#! )#-(54+>%! +#?($!

@&(>%FE! L4H?4! +4*%8>4! )#! #-82,(! #*14+*H%! ?84*"(!

@+(>%3!*">%,484!*"4"2*!8(&(:"

@?4+>4!-(>%84!)&#.+4+(H4!(!(56>%.8(,4!; <!2!

8(&(:"F!T!#?#1!

:#*+(F! A+48(54! 56(?4+>4! 2! 54)4-+#>! :#*+(! (!B!+4H#+!)4-4!9%&,%.!M#@

@+#.!#H?(&4!H#>(!*%!+4845(!+4!&4*)#84.4+>2!54!#?4>!"%H*"F!

+#?##*+#?4+($! +4*%8>4! ;8(&(:(+4*%8>4?4+>4! -(>%84! )&#.+4+(H4! (! (56>%.8(,4!; 8(&/(:"<'

#(&".:+#&8+'2%:(#+' 8.#$"8&$;*4*"4?+(,%<F! c%"48>+(>%! #! &45?#>2! #*14+*H#-#6+($! .&4-#?4! +4!

'"V(7"$( a.4+V"&$M'

.)' FdN' &$N' ).' FGN' &$N! c(*%&"4,(>4F! A#&$+$2$20' U$2)+.%20' <20(#+$($+&! Z!;V&4-24"%! =,$##8! #/ ! 9214+("(%*<3! X>268>4+43! _#8F! E@`3! X>268>4+43!BDDCF!;2!-48>+>%1!"%H*"2!,("(&4!*%!H4#! <F

48(!(!+%H($!-&2.($!14+>($!1>%*"4F

; <F!L4H?(!#-+#*(!"&%648(!6(!6("(!)&%-1%"!#*#,(>48+%!$(*"#&(>%!(!$(*"#&(>*H%!2&64+%!

4+"&#)#8#.(>%F

1(.&4,(>%! *"4+#?+(]"?4F! M4H#+! "%&("#&(>48+($! (!

54)4-+#>! =&6(>(! .84?+(+4! )&#.+4+#.! (! (56>%.8#.!@

*4+*H#.!"V(7"$(&27$(/

*&%-(]+>4! #*14+*H4! ?84*"3! )&%-*"4?8>4! ?%#14!

+#?($! +4*%8>43! *! 4*)%H"4! 2&64+%! 4+"&#)#8#.(>%3!)&#*"#&+%! &%.284,(>%3! 4&$("%H"#+*H%! (5.&4-+>%3!-&2]"?%+($!#-+#*4! (! &45?(>4+>4! 2&.%+"+($!#68(H4!.#*)#-4&*"?4F!

Urgentno i plansko osnivanje urbanih naselja tokom 1862. i 1863. g. W4+(18>(?!)&(1>%&!+4*"4+H4! (!&45?#>4!;H4*+($<!

#*14+*H#-#6+($! +4*%8>4! )&%-*"4?8>4>2! +4*%8>4!;8(&(:"<! H#>4! *2! +4*"484! +4H#+! )&#.#+4! 12*8(@

=&)*H#.!2*"4+H43!"%!)#*%6+#!+4H#+!]"#!*2!)&%H#@-&(+*H(!8()+721+'

3!)4**(1F!

138

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

! #-82H#1! *&%-(]+>%! #*14+*H%! ?84*"(!@

">%&(?4+>4! 12*8(14+*H#.! *"4+#?+(]"?4! (5! (*"($!8()+728(

O&%.#?#&(!*2!54?&]%+(!*)#&4521#1!#!(*%8>4?4+>2!*?#.!12*8(14+*H#.! *"4+#?+(]"?4`

"V(7"$(FC!c?(>%!?84-%!2! *)#&2! #H#! +4?%-%+#.! *"4+#?+(]"?4! -#.#?#&@(8%!*2!*%!-4!*%!12*8(14+*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!=&6(>%!

"V(7"$(3! "%!-4!*%!+>(@

!:#*4+*H(! "V(7"$' )#+#?#! >%! 54)8>2*+2#! ?48! )&#.@+4+(H4! (! (56>%.8(,4F! L#! +%*&%"+#! *"4+#?+(]"?#! 2!+4&#-2! >%! +45#*14+*H#>!H#&%*)#+-%+,(>(!+45(?4!*%'|&27$(#.4+0'

n' T! ?&(>%1%! +4?%-%+($! 56(?4+>4! +4!1>%*"2!:#*4+*H#.!4(7+V"

a

CX+X+V2!CX+X+V2'

*(&&+0!54!)#>%-(+4!1>%*"4!2!=&6(>(FC! ^%>$! =%>/2-(+!U%12&43!

!

"V(7"$('.)'FnIGN').'FInIN'5.)+#"N'*(&&+0h!V48(6!^8>(?#3!6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('

FnII/FIFJN' M'*(&&+0_'V48(6!^8>(?#3!6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('FIFJ/FIJQN *(&&+0F

!

FIdJNFIdK/FIdJN

F3!)4**(1h!V48(6!^8>(?#3!6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('FIJn/FIoGN 6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('FIoG/FIdHN 6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('FIdo/FIQKNFIQH/FGGdN

b! V48(6!^8>(?#3!-&0(#' a(&1,(M' )"%' 7"$X$"'

f%.&&"'S"&+"%' 6.&#+"#&M' 2#)' U"+#"'O(1,B.75"%F! P-(,(>4K!W2&!U2+-%! -%&!

*2!+%#&.4+(5(&4@

6(8(!

@>%1%! *2! 6(8(! *1>%]"%+(! )#! )&(?4"+(1!

684.4>+%! (! -#6&#?#8>+(1! )&(8#5(143! "%! 2! +%H(1!!

&27$(#'A6-!@!28!A5(53!)&%25%84!>%!#64?%52!-4! !+4*%8(!

"V(7"$(! (! -4! &(>%](!)("4+>%!"V(7"$2

6(84!)#-(>%8>%+4F!L4H#!>%!:#*4+*H(!4(7+V( @14+!@!O4]4!)&%-84.4#!-4!*%!+%H4-4]+>(!*"4+#?+(,(!

!=#@

N4.84>23!=4&4>%?23!L258(! (!W?#&+(H2F!M4!#?4H?#!1(]8>%+>%! 4(7+V"! 2">%,484! >%! +>%.#?4! *)#5+4>4! -4!*2! ! (5! +4?%-%+($! )&%H#-&(+*H($! .&4@

!)&%-*"4?8>48(! .&4-*H#!

2!H#>(14!*2!*%!64?(8(!.&4-*H(1!#68(,(14!.#*)#@-4&*"?4!;"&.#?(+4!(!#6&"<3!"%!-4!6(!6(8#!-#6&#!H4H#!54! +>($! *41%3! "4H#! (! 54! #*14+*H2! ?84*"! -4! (*"(!62-2!+4*"4+>%+(!2!6#*4+*H(1!.&4-#?(14F!L4H?#!&>%]%+>%!#-.#?4&48#!>%!(! !(5!+4?%-%+($!

@

*%!)#"#1!+4*%8%!2!.&4-#?(14!:#*4+*H#.! "V(7"$('

@! :%>3! )&%-*"4?+(H! *&%-(]+>%! #*14+*H%! ?84*"(! 2!

&27$(#(3!-4!*%! !+4*%8%!+4! >%-+#!1>%*"#! (!

ED!4(7+V('^%&(/ !

6&#>! ! H#>(! *2!6(8(! )&#.+4+(! (5!

3!Ea!(!-F!ED! V48(6!^8>(?#3! 6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('2'%2&8+0'

+X4.%+0('FIdQ/FInI

139

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

"V(7"$( FEE!N4+>(!6&#>!

EB!@

+(18>(?!+4?#-K!z+'*%(4.&7(4#+0'$"'8#"X.4+0('.4.5'8%(V(')('V"').:+.'#(7.5'W"47"$( /

E`

O("4+>%! #*+(?4+>4! +#?($! +4*%8>4! 54! !

*&%-(]+>%! #*14+*H%! ?84*"(! -4! *%! &(>%](! )&#68%1!! )&?#! >%! 25+%1(&(#! ?84*"(! A2*"&(>*H%!

,4&%?(+%! H#>4! *%! 2! )&?#1! "&%+2"H2! )&(6#>4@?484!-4!6(!*%!#?#!)("4+>%!1#.8#!&(>%]("(!+4!2]"&6!

"V(7"$(3!4!H4*+(>%!(!56#.!)84+4!*&%-(]+>%!#*14+*H%!?84*"(!-4!+#?4!+4*%8>4!62-2!)#-(.+2"4!25! &(>%H2!=4?23!-4H8%!25!*412!.&4+(,2!)&%14!A2*"&(>*H#1!,4&*"?2FEC

+4*%8>4F!M>($#?#!)#-(54+>%!+4-.8%-4#!>%!*41!:#@*4+*H(!4(7+V(

!(!8#H48+%!#*14+*H%!?84*"(!+4!&45(+(!"V(7"/$(' (! !?84-484! >%!-#*"4!?%8(H4!+4)%"#*"!)#!

)("4+>4F! O&%14! +%H(1! *45+4+>(14! "%1%8>%+(1!

!

)&%H#! *?#>($! 4.%+4"4! &4*)(&(?484! +%54-#?#8>*"?#!! (! )84*(&484! (-%>2! #! +4*%8>4?4+>2! 2+2"4&!

6#*4+*H($!.&4-#?4!2!2+2"&4]+>#*"(!"V(7"$(!H4#!+4@

EE! V48(6!^8>(?#3! 3!BBFEB ;+5%(1+V(' 02&7+0(#&8.5'

! W"47"$3!"2&F3! (5?F!(5!4&F!)yP7y#-+#*+#! ,4&%?(+43! 4! 2! H#+"%H*"2! "%H*"4! H#>(! *%! ,("(&4K! *&%-(]+>4!

E`! A2"#&!"%H*"4!1(*8(!+4!4(7+V2'

F3!L#8(*43!BDDB3!CCF

EC! V48(6!^8>(?#3!

#*"?4&%+>4! (*"#.! -(*H&%"+#! >%! *2.%&(&484! (-%>2! #!)#?&4"H2! !2!=&6(>2FEb!

O(/

/

/

!Ea!@@

:#*+%! (! 9%&,%.#?(+%! &(>%]("(! )("4+>%! 8#H4,(>4! +4!

@12*8(14+*H#.!*"4+#?+(]"?4!H#>%!>%!+4!(*"(14!6(8#!

BD! #-+#*+#3! z

BE!W4!

@

@?4+>4!(*"#.!*"4+#?+(]"?4!+4!5%18>(]+%!)4&,%8%!+4!

EbEa !

TK!W4+(18>(?#! >%! -4! *%!c&%+#?4,! .26(! (5! )&%,(5+(>%! %?(-%+,(>%! "#H4! (!

#(,+V"FFFFF3!

CCFBDBE

140

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@12*8(14+*H#<!*"4+#?+(]"?#3!-4!"4-4!"&%64!54?&]("(!

@"4+>4!z+&"7V(4(#V( %(&"7V(4(#V( '

#*14+*H4! ?84*"! #?4>! )&#68%1! &(>%](8(! -#*8#?+(1!z+&"7V(4(#V"0 %(&"7V(4(#V"0

*%!+(>%!"4H#!-%*(8#F!W4!+4*%8>4?4+>%!12*8(14+*H#.!@

+4! H#>(14! >%! #-! &4+(>%! 6(8#! +4*%8>%+#! +%12*8(@14+*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!H#>%!>%!*(*"%1#1!5%18>(]+($!

54! "2! (*"2! 5%18>2F!L(1%! *%3! 2>%-+#3! 54-(&48#! (! 2!*"&2H"2&2!5%18>(]+($!)#*>%-4!(!/%2-48+($!#-+#*4F!S5.8%-4! -4! *2! *&%-(]+>4! (! )#H&4>(+*H4! #*14+*H4!

)4&,%84! H#>%! *2! *%! +4845(8%! 2! )#*>%-2! >4*+#!@

0+%+V(3!1(&(>*H#!5%18>(]"%<F!

@BB

' &*(/,+V" $+0(%(3'6(8#!>%!)#"&%6+#!&(>%]("(!

*"4+#?+(]"?#! (! /%2-48+%! H1%"#?*H%! #64?%5%! (!#-+#*(!6(8(! *2!)&%*"&2H"2&(&4+(!+4! "%1%8>2!)&4?4!

)#1>%&("(!H1%"#?*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!*!>%-+#.!)#*@

BB! !V48(6!^8>(?#3! 6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#(

>%-4!+4!-&2.(F!L4H?4!)#1>%&4+>4!*2!2!&4+(>(1!&45@

+%12*8(14+*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!H#>%! >%!)#1>%&%+#!*4!5%18>(]+($!)4&,%84!H#>%!*2!6(8%!(5-?#>%+%!54!)#@-(54+>%!+#?($!+4*%8>4!54!+4*%8>4?4+>%!)&#.+4+($!(!(56>%.8($!12*8(14+4!(5!=&6(>%3!6(8#!>%!+4*%8>%+#!+4!-&2.%!)4&,%8%3!4!+($#?!*"4"2*!>%!#*"4#!+%(51(>%+@>%+F!c4H8%3!+%12*8(14+*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!+(>%!6(8#!)&#">%&4+#!*!5%18>(]+($!)4&,%84!+4!H#>(14!>%!6(8#!

Q%528"4"! +4?%-%+#.! )84+4! 6(#! >%! -4! *2! +4!#6(84!)#-(.+2"4!"&(!

+#?4!+4*%8>4F!L#!*2!6(84!+4*%8>4!\M#?#\!:&%5#?#!CX+X+V(!

CX+X+V('

!H&4>! V&4-(]H%F ! T)#&%-#! *! )#-(54+>%1! +#?($!;*)#1%+2"($<!+4*%8>4!+4?%-%+(!)84+!)#-&4521(@

!2!

#-!&4+(>%!)#*"#>48#3!+4! 8(>%?#>!#648(! &(>%H%!c&(+%!

(! :(>%8>(+%<! )#-(.+2! +%H(! *"416%+(! #6>%H"(! 54!*1>%]"4>!z B`#;*8F!E<

+4H#+!(56(>4+>4!H&(5%!2!#-+#*2!*4!=&6(>#1!z.&0(#/i"F>F!54!)&#.+4+(H%!(!

(56>%.8(,%!(5!=&6(>%k')4('#.4('#(&"7V('#('U(4+M'f.%#V2'+' W.#V2' CX+X+V2' E#(X4(#+,' *.' &27($(#2' C:)' p' 27'

BC##*&%-(]+>4!#*14+*H4!?84*"!+4!

+4*%8>4K!V#&+>4'CX+X+V(';:#*4+*H(!^414,<3'c#+>4'CX+X+V('

&%8%?4+"+($! 54! )#&(>%H8#! )&#.+4+(H4! (! (56>%.8(,4! ?(->%"(! H#-! ^464+!*(&&+0!54!)#>%-(+4!

1>%*"4FB`! V48(6! ^8>(?#3! ;+5%(1+V(' 02&7+0(#&8.5'

FFF3!aD@aaFBC

!#!V#-(]+>4H!U#1(*(>%!54!

141

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

142

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

M4! "%1%8>2! )#-4"4H4! H#>%! -4>2! )#?(>%*+(! (5@?#&(3!"%!)#*%6+#!&4+%!42*"&(>*H%!H4"4*"4&*H%!14)%3!

)&4?(8+2! "8#,&"+2!#*+#?(,2F!;(,(7"! (!28(,%!6(8%! *2!

)&4?(1!2.8#?(14F!;(,(7"!*2!6(8%!#&.4+(5(&4+%!)#)@2"!+#&27(N*8(>%-(K!z

Bb

>%!(*"#!)#*%6+#!+4.84]%+#!(!?(-8>(?#!2!:#*4+*H#1!

O("4+>%! )&#*"#&+%! #&.4+(54,(>%! +#?($! +4*%8>4!@'

+4?#-(! H4H#! *8(>%-(K! z

2X'$.')(4(7"'+0'*.'8.0()'X"07V"'X('.:%()2M'+'$.'8(.'#()/.8#()2'X('+X52:7V"#.'2'%(#+V.V'*.&$.V:+#+N'a%+7+8.0'*.)+X(/#V('W.#V"'CX+X+V"'4"X+%'V"'*.X+4(.'*%.V"8$(#$"'+X'T2%&8"M'8.V+'&2').:%+0')+V"7.0'8.*+%(7+'*%.V"8$"'$2%&8+,'5%()&8+,'

:%.V2' #(&"7V(' 2' .84+%2'T2%&8"'!(%"4+#" Ba! S*"(! "%H*"!!O#"&%6+#!

.#?#&("(!#!z8.*+%(#V2' *%.V"8($(' $2%&8+,' 5%()&8+,'#(&/"7V(6(84!#+4!)&%25%"4!(5!&4+(>%.!)#?(>%*+#.!&45-#68>4!(8(!

'4(8+B(3!2! )&4?(82! +(*2! (1484! .%#1%"&(>*H(! )&4?(84+! &4*"%&!

(14>2!+%)&4?(8+2!"8#,&"+2!*"&2H"2&2!;)84+<F=14"&41!-4! *%!1(]8>%+>%! )#! H#>%1! *2!+4*%8>4!

@

! V48(6! ^8>(?#3!14)%! (5! &45-#68>4! )&%1>%&4?4+>4! 5%18>(]"4! (! *+(14+>4! H4"4*"&4! +4!

(!EaaCF!.FBb T2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0FFF3!BCEFBa !FFF3!

T2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0

z*%(4+0' 82$.0M4! .%#1%"&(>*H2! )&4?(8+#*"! &4*"%&4! +4?%-%+($!+4*%8>4!1#.4#!>%3!)&(>%!*?%.43!2">%,4"(!)&4.14"(541!(5?&]+($!H#1(*(>4! *&%-(]+>%!#*14+*H%!?84*"(! >%&! >%!-(+41(H4!#*+(?4+>4!+4?%-%+($!+4*%8>4!6(84!(5&45("#!

;#*+2>2<! (! (5.&4-%! ]"#! )&(>%! ;64&! 2! 1(+(148+#1!#6(12<3!-4!*%!2!(*"4!+4*%8%!)&#.+4+(,(!(!(56>%.8(,%!;z @

>%! *?#>%?&*+2! .%#1%"&(54,(>2! H4H#! *41($! +4*%8>4!@

,%84!2!+%)#*&%-+#>!68(5(+(! *41($!+4*%8>4F!M4(1%3!

)4&,%84! 54! .&4-+>2! *"416%+($! #6>%H4"4! 2! )#>%@

+%)#*&%-+#>!68(5(+(!*41($!+4*%8>4!541(]8>%+4!>%!H4#!

)&#*"#&+#>! ;5%18>#)(*+#><! (! -&2]"?%+#>! *&%-(+(F!

+#?(1! ?84*+(,(14! ;)&#.+4+(,(14! (! (56>%.8(,414<3!)#*%6+#!#+($!2+2"4&! 541(]8>%+#.!+#?#.!+4*%8>43!

&4*"%&4!+4?%-%+($!+4*%8>43!]"#!>%!)#*%6+#!?(-8>(?#!2!

#-&454!%2&#)*H#.!2&64+(514!*!H#>(14!*2!#*14+@*H(!)84+%&(!(!4&$("%H"%!*?4H4H#!6(8(!2)#5+4"(3!4H#!+%!

=?4!+#?#*+#?4+4!+4*%8>4!2!*?#1!*&%-(]"2!(1484!*2!)#!>%-+2! !H#>4!>%!6(84!)#-(.+2"4!*&%-*"@

#H4#!"4H?%!6(8%!*2!&27$(#2

*%!*"#.4!(!+45(?4>2!CX+X+V"F !=?%!+4*%8>%+%!#6("%8>(!-#6(8%!*2!+4!&4*)#84.4+>%!;2!?84*+(]"?#<!#6&4-(?#!5%18>(]"%! 2! )#?&](+*H#1! (5+#*2! #-! #H#! B`@`D!

#?#1%!)("4+>2!(141!+41>%&2!.#?#&("(!-&2.#1!)&(8(H#1F!! S525%"4H!)&%-*"4?8>4! !2!V#&+>#>!CX+X+V+';:#*4+*H#1!^41,2<F!

143

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

)2#20(

@?%-%+4! +4*%8>4! +(*2! #-14$! -#6(84! *"4"2*! 8(&(:"N!

+4*%8>4!*"%H84!+4?%-%+(!*"4"2*F!O&(>%!*?%.43!+>($#?(!@

@

//

.$82*#"' &$(#+1"')2,(#(' +')%25+,'*%+4%")#+,'.:V"8($(M' +&/

.$4(%('8(V0"8(728M'2'()0+#+&$%($+4#.0'*.57")2'+&$.4V"$#.'

/

+'4.V#"'.:(4"X" @*%+(! 2! ,("(&4+#1! #-8#1H2! 1#.8(! 6(! *%3! -#-2]%!2?>%"+#3!#-+#*("(!(!+4!-&2.4!+#?##*+#?4+4!+4*%8>4F!

8(&(:"!

*2!*"4+#?+(,(!+4*%8>4!2!*"4"2*2!8(&(:(F

=?4!(5.&4-+>4!+#?($!+4*%8>4!6(84!>%!54?&]%+4!-#!>%@

!O#?(>%*+(!(5?#&(!&458(H2>2!*%!2!

*"4+#?+(H4!2!)#>%-(+(1!+4*%8>(14FO("4+>%! 3} 3'

!(5!=#H#84!6(8#!>%!*1>%]"%+#!2!W?#&+(H23!

! W2#203!)27203!(5?F!(5!"2&F! 3!>%-(+(,4!1>%&%!54!)#?&](+23!E!)2#20!

FFF3!

! !V48(6!^8>(?#3!

(! _(]%.&4-23! "%! ]%*"! #6("%8>(! 2! =4&4>%?2F! L4H#! >%!2! W%+(,(! 54!

! T! =4&4>%?2! >%! ! )&($?4"(#! )&(>%-8#.!:#*4+*H#.!4(7+V"!(!&(>%](#!-4!*%!2!.&4-2!(!+>%.#?#>!

"V(7"$(N!

56&(+2"#!(!*1>%]"%+#!#H#!EBDD!#6("%8>(!*!#H#!bDDD!@

)#*"4?("(! -4! *2! *1>%]"%+(!)#!-&2.(1!.&4-#?(14!2!:#*4+*H#1!"V(7"$2

M4! H&4>2! #?#.! &4514"&4+>4! #! 2&.%+"+(1! 2&@

@

@

-4!*2!*&%-(]+>4!(!)#H&4>(+*H4!#*14+*H4!?84*"!+4*@"#>48%!-4!+#?4!+4*%8>4!2*"&#>%!(!)#-(.+2!2!68(5(+(!

@

@

6(8#!*%8#F !T)#&%-#!*!"(1!1#.8#!6(!*%!)#*"4?("(!

54!

@

! V48(6! ^8>(?#3! ;+5%(1+V('

*(&&+0!2!*"&2H"2&(!,>%8#H2)+#.!"%H*"4F

6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('NNNNM' 3!BBF

! !V48(6!^8>(?#3!m"X+%FFFFF!

FFF3!CCF

144

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@8>4#!-()8#14"*H(!)&("(*4H!A2*"&(>%!H#>4!>%!+4*"#>484!

:#*4+*H#.! "V(7"$(' 25! &(>%H2! =4?2F! c&2.(! &458#.!@@

*H#.' "V(7"$((*$#-! -4! *%! )&#68%1! #*+(?4+>4! +#?($! +4*%8>4!

&*(,+V&/8.V!5%18>(F#+4*"#>4+>%!*&%-(]+>%!(!)#H&4>(+*H%!#*14+*H%!?84*"(!

*&%-(]"2!:#*4+*H#.!"V(7"$('(!%H#+#1*H%!#-+#*%!2!"(1!.&4-#?(14!2!?&(>%1%!

*&%-(]+>4! (! )#H&4>(+*H4! #*14+*H4! ?84*"! z /&8.

#*+(?4+>%!14+>%.!6&#>4!2!)#")2+#*"(!+#?($!+4*@8(&(:(

Z!#64!+4!.&4+(,414!:#*4+*H#.! "V(7"$(K! >%-+#!+4!.&4+(,(!*!A2*"&(>#13!4!-&2.#!*4!=&6(>#1<3!"%!+4*%8@>4?4+>%!+%]"#!14+>%.!6&#>4!)&#.+4+(H4!(!(56>%.8(,4!

;8(&(:(<!2+2"4&!:#*4+*H#.!"V(7"$(F!M4! -&2.#>! *"&4+(! *&%-(]+>4! (! )#H&4>(+*H4! #*@

@

2!+>($!+4*%8%!)&#.+4+(,(! (! (56>%.8(,%F!M4]4?](! *%!@

-()8#14"*H#.<!#6>%!?84*"(3!*&%-(]+>4!(!)#H&4>(+*H4!#*14+*H4!?84*"3!+(*2!6(8%!-#&4*8%!)&#68%12!*!H#@

@@

2!-4+4]+>2!L2&*H2F!

Gornja Azizija = Aziziye-i Bâlâ = (Bosanski) 'amac ! La t . 45° 3’ 37.55’’ N, Long. 18° 28’ 9.60’’ E " ( s l . 2)V#&+>4!CX+X+V('

+#?#)#-(.+2"($! +4*%8>4F! =1>%]%"%+#! >%! 2! 68(5(+(!@

+(?4+>4!)#5+4"#!>%!)#-!(1%+#1!V#&+>4!CX+X+V(F!U4*+(>%!>%!6(8#!)#5+4"#!)#-!(1%+#1!;:#*4+*H(<'^414,F!O&%14!+%H(1! (5?#&(14!2!+4*%8>2!6(8#! >%!

*"4+#?+(H4F`D

`D! V48(6!^8>(?#3!

3!CX+X+R"/+'6`7`<!-#+#*(!W4/%&!Vm8%+3!

a%+7.X+' X('

145

<F!M4*@

"#H#1! ?(*#H#.! ?#-#*"4>4! &(>%H%! =4?%F`E! T)&4?#!

=4&4>%?#1!+#?(1!)2"%1!H#>(!>%!6(#!2!(5.&4-+>(!(!

@+(18>(?($! )#-4"4H4! H#>(! *%! #-+#*%! +4! :#*4+*H(!

+')(#(&' EFGHnNL' 5.4.%"'~U8"7(Z'0"&$.' i21>%*"#k!6.&N'`B l('02&7+0(#&8"'

FGKK !! 2! :#*4+*@

@

(!2&64+2!&%.284,(>2!+4*%8>4!-4#!>%!=48($!%/F!N2?%@#"8+'B%(#12&8+'

``

>%! >4*+#!?(-8>(?#!-4! >%! #?2! )#-(.4#!N(&!A$1%-3! )4! *%3! *"#.43! (*"4! (! +45(?4! +45(?4! N(&!A$1%-#?4! F#

`E! _(->%"(!)#)(*!(5?#&4!H#-!V48(6!^8>(?#3!`B

FFF3! EEE3! )#*%6+#!

`` !;-48>%!*%!

)#.&%]+#!26&4>4!2!A5(5(>%!

Donja Azizija = Aziziye-i Zir = Ora" je ! La t . 45° 2’ 8.87’’ N, Long. 18° 41’ 34.47 ‘ ’ E " ( s l . 3 -4)O&%-*"4?8>4!>%-+#!#-!+4*%8>4!#*+#?4+($!"#H#1!

4(7+V"F!

+4! $&?4"*H#>\! *"&4+(! &(>%H%! =4?%F#M4*%8>%! >%! )#@0+%+V(3!1(&(>*H#!

146

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

@!H#>(!*2!6(8(!+4*"4+>%+(!

`C!T!c#+>#>!CX+X+V+!+4*%8(8(!*2!*%! !:(8#! >%! )#-(.+2"#3! )&%14! +%H(1! (5?#&(143! BBD3!

`b

z`a! _(]%! -%"48>4! #!

?(->%"(!2!)#*%6+#1!&4-2!V48(64!̂ 8>(?%F !T!1>%*"2!>%!)#-(.+2"4! #-!,(.8%! (!H41%+4F! !>%!)#-(.+2"4!2!*&%-(+(!+4*%8>4!(!+45(?4!*%!A5(5(>4!

F!:(84!>%!)#-(.+2"4!2!(1%!"4-4]+>%.!&27$(#('A6-28!A5(54FCD @

@

*"&2H"2&2!+#?#*#+#?4+#.!+4*%8>4F!L4H#!.&4-!(14!0(,(7" 0(,(72'

H#>%!+#*%!(1%+4!)&%14!)&%14!.&4-#?(14!2!=&6(>(!(5!H#>($!*2!*"4+#?+(,(!+#?#.!+4*%8>4!?#-(8(!)#&(@>%H8#FCE

CB

Novo Brezovo Polje ( i l i Novo Brezovo Selo) ! La t . 44° 50’ 43.82’’ N, Long. 18° 57’ 25.76’’ E " ( s l . 5)

@+4*<! 14+>%.! ="4&#.! :&%5#?#.! O#8>4F! =1>%]"%+#!

+4!$&?4"*H#>\!*"&4+(! &(>%H%!=4?%F#

`C! !V48(6!̂ 8>(?#3!6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('FIJn/FIoG3!*(&&+0h!V48(6!̂ 8>(?#3! 3!

'6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#('.)'FIdH').FInKN'5.)+#"N' ! O#"?&-2! (1%+4!1>%*"4!;CX+X+R"/'+'l+%

! V48(6!^8>(?#3! 3!BEF`b! V48(6!^8>(?#3! ;+5%(1+V('02&7+0(#&8.5'

`a FFF3!

! V48(6!^8>(?#3!CD A96A<CE FFF3!EEE!(!-F3!)#*%6+#!

EEBFCB

+#?##*+#?4+#! +4*%8>%! :&%5#?#! O#8>%! +45?4+#'O.4+0! )&%")#*"4?8>4! )#*"#>4+>%! +4*%8>43! 2! #?#1!

:&%5#?(1! O#8>%1! ;#-+#*+#! ="4&(1! :&%5#?(1!@

.&4/*H#>!-#H21%+"4,(>(!#?#!+4*%8>%!+45(?4!(!M#?#!

)#*"#>48#!(!="4&#!:&%5#?#!=%8#F!L#!+4*!-#?#-(!-#!)("4+>4!&45?#>4!+#?##*+#?4+#.!+4*%8>43!+>%.#?#.!#-+#*4!)&%14!*"4&(>%1!+4*%8>23!"%!H4&4H"%&4!*"4&(@

! 2H#8(H#! >%! "#! -#5?#8>4?48#! (1#?(+*H#!*"4+>%! (8(! 2H#8(H#! >%! )#*"#>4#! +%H(! 4(/8+B ! H4#!-(#!*?#.! 4(82B()#*"#>4+>4!4"&(62(&4+>4!+%H#1!#-!4(8+B('2H#8(H#!+(>%!6(84!)#@-(.+2"4!*&%-*"?(14! F

.F!(!(14!-#*"4!)&4?(8+2!#&.4+(54,(>2!#6>%H4"4!2!)&#@

)&4?(8+#.! ;14-4! 148#! -%/#&1(&4+#.<! +4*%6(+@*H#.! &4*"%&4F! T! +4*%8>2! >%! 6(8#! )#-(.+2"#! BCD3!

147

!8(&(:(! (!

@"("2! !2!="4&#1!:&%5#?#1!O#8>23!6(84!(8(!+%]"#!*"4&(>4!;H4#!

@+>4<! !CX+X+V(!2!M#?#1!:&%5#?#1!O#8>2F!

8(&(:(3!48(!+(>%!*(.2&+#!-4!>%!#?4>!*"4"2*!(!-#*%.8#!#-14$!)#!+>%.#?#1!#*+(?4+>2F!:&#>!+4*%8>%+($!*"4+#?+(H4!;ECCC<!-#5?#8>4?4!-4!+4*%8>%!*"%H+%!*"4"2*!8(&(:"!2H#8(H#! *2! (*)2+>%+(! (! -&2.(! 2?>%"(F! O#-(54+>%1!

>%!+4*%8>%+#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!*?#>(1!)#&(>%H8#1!6(8#!

*"4"2*!8(&(:".#?#&(! (! *41(! #68(H! +45(?4! +4*%8>4! H#>%3! )&%14!+%H(1!H4&"#.&4/*H(1!(5?#&(143!2!*?#>#>!(1%+*H#>!

-?4!+45(?4!#?#.!+4*%8>4K!:&%5#?#!=%8#!(!:&%5#?#!O#8>%F!O("4+>%!(5?#&+#.!#68(H4!+45(?4!*"4&#.!+4*@

8(&(:"3!4!-4!2!2)#"&%6(!(1%+*H%!/#&128%!(!-48>%!#*"4+%!+4@5(?!*%8#!H4#!+>%+!*4*"4?+(!-(#FT!M#?#1!:&%5#?#1!O#8>2!)#-(.+2"4!>%!>%-+4!

(5?%-%+4!C`! ! >%!

CC#

z i2!:&%5#?#1! O#8>2k!U8.%.' &4+' 27.01+' &2' 287.#V"#+' &(' 7.8(1+V"' +' .)4"X"#+' 2'#"*.X#($.0'*%(412N'j'%($#.0'%(X).:7V2'FGGJ'p'FGGdN'

! O&%14!

! V48(6!^8>(?#3! ;+5%(1+V('02&7+0(#&8.5'

C`! =14"&41!-4!H#&(]"%+>%! "%&1(+4!z$2%&8+':(%.8#+' &$+7

21>%"+#*"(3!)#*%6+#!2!-%H#&4,(>(FCC A96A< ! _(->F! G%$(1!

T2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0FFF3!BCDFT2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0

! >%!2!"#H2!#6+#?%FCb!

Orahova ! La t . 45° 11’ 50.71’’ N, Long. 17° 1’ 55.43’’ E " ( s l . 6)

$&?4"*H#>\!*"&4+(!&(>%H%!=4?%F!T)&4?+#!>%!)&()4-4@F!W4!)#"&%6%!)&#.+4+(H4!

Ca!c4+4*! >%!+4*%8>%!&45?(>%+#!2!-?(>%! (5&45("#!)&#*@

Cb T2%&8+' #".87(&+1+X(0NNN

#?%&488!P?4824"(#+!#/ !"$%!Q%*"#&4"(#+!#/ !"$%!A5(5(>4!N#*Y2%!/&#1!@!V#-(]+>4H!

Ca! V48(6!^8>(?#3!

148

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

(! 54)4-+2!@!#-!H#>($!*?4H4! (14!?84*"("2! F!

+(>%! >4*4+! $(*"#&(>*H(! (! &45?#>+(! )&#*"#&+(! #-+#*!

+4! "%1%8>2! 4+48(5%! )#&(>%H84! )#>%-(+($! )#&#-(,4!

+>%.4!+4*%8>%+(!)&#.+4+(,(! (! (56>%.8(,%F!c4+4*!*%!

&45-?#>%+#*"! #64! -(>%84! +4*%8>4! -4>%! +4*82"("(!@

)("4+>4!(!&45&>%]%+>4!+%-#21(,4!1#.2!-4"(!*41#!

-#H21%+"4,(>%3! #*#6+($! ?84*+(]"?4! +4-! +%H&%"@@

$#?($!*"4+#?+(H4F@

+2"4! !H#>4! *%!-4+4*!+45(?4! (!N4@$#8*H4!iN4$48*H4k! +4845(!*%!

)#*"#>(!>%-+4! F!=!?&%1%+#1!6&#>! !>%!

)&#*"#&+(!*1>%]"4>!-4+4]+>%!9482]H%#-+#*("(! +4! ! 2! 54)4-+#1! -(>%82! +4*%8>43!

! ; ! 2! 54)4-@+#1!-(>%82!+4*%8>4! (! "F5?F!9482]H4! <!)&%-@*"4?8>42!>%-+2!"%!(*"2!

8(!>%!54)4-+(!-(#!+4*%8>4!*"4&(>(!#-!+#?##*+#?4+#.!

*"%' (#(7.5+(03! )&%")#*"4?("(! -4! >%!

1#.84!)#*"#>4"(! (!*"4&(>4! 2! 54)4-+#1!-(>%82!+4*%8>4!1#.84! >%!6("(!

)#-(.+2"4!;(<!"#H#1!H4*+(>($!.#-(+4!)#-!2">%,4@>%1!)#*"#>4+>4! ;)#-(54+>4<! +#?%! !

>%! )#"&%6+#! +4)#1%+2"(! -4! >%! 9482]H4! !@

!

&2]%?+#.!#6>%H"4!+%H%!*"4&(>%! F!M4*%8>%! +%14! (5&45("#! )&4?(8+2! #&.4+(54,(>2!

#6>%H4"4! 2! )&#*"#&2F! S5?>%*+4! )&4?(8+#*"! H#>4!

-4!*%!&4-(!#!)&4?(8+#1!+4*%#6(+*H#1!&4*"%&2F!T!

&4*)#&%-2!28(,4!;)2"#?4<!H#>%.!>%!1#.84!#-&%-("(!

Bosanska Kostajnica ! La t . 45° 13’ 5.81’’ N, Long. 16° 32’ 44.94’’ E " ( s l . 7)

T+(';+4845(!*%!+4*)&41!9&?4"*H%!U#*"4>+(,%<!6(#!

149

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

@%8>%+(!z !T!#?#1!.&4-2!6(8#!*2!

*"4+#?+(H4F!c#*%8>%+#!12*8(14+*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!6(8#! >%!)#&(>%H8#1! (5!:%#.&4-43!_48>%?43!=#H#843!

.F!)#-(.+2"4!(!+#?4! 5?4+4!CX+X+V(F!W4+(1@8>(?#!>%!-4!(!-4+4*!2!:#*4+*H#>!U#*"4>+(,(!)#*"#>(!-(#!+4*%8>4!;0(,(7(<!H#>(!*%!)#!2*)#1%+(!+4!*"4&(!

Kozluk ! La t . 44° 29’ 49.52’’ N, Long. 19° 6’ 40.89’’ E " ( s l . 8) M4*%8>%! U#582H! >%! -#*"4! *"4&#F! =1>%]"%+#! >%!

+4! 8(>%?#>! #648(! &(>%H%!c&(+%! +4! )2"+#1!)&4?,2!

8(&(:2F ! L#H#1! 56(?4+>4!

*"&4+%!*&%-(]+>%!(!)#H&4>(+*H%!#*14+*H%!?84*"(!54!

W4!"2!+41>%+2!2!#?#1!1>%*"2!6(8#!>%!)#-(.+2"#!

-(>%8#1! ! (5! =#H#84F)#*"#>484!M4*%8>%!+%14!.%#1%"&(>*H(!)&4?(8+2!#&.4+(54,(>2!4&$("%H"#+*H($! #6>%H4"4! (! )&#*"#&+($! ,>%8(+4! 2+@

+#?#)#-(.+2"(! *"416%+(! #6>%H"(! 2H84)4+(! H4H#!

! V48(6! ^8>(?#3!

A96A<6(84!*&%-(]"%'#(,+V"2! M#?#*%8*H#1! H4-(82H23! "%! 2! EbF! *"F! )#*%6+#1! +##*+#?4+#1!8()+7282 *"%' (#(7.5+(0<! -4! >%! 2!U#*"4>+(,(!H4#!2&64+#1!+4*%8>2!54*(.2&+#!)#*"#>484!(!*"4&4! F!

! EbEaF! .F!

a2$.*+&M'.)7.01+'.'V25.&7.4"#&8+0'X"07V(0(F!O&%?%#3!

! V48(6! ^8>(?#3!F3!aD@aaF

&26+(1!-(>%8#?(14F

Podizanje d!amija u urgentno osnovanim naselj ima urbanog tipa

@*H#.!)#?(>%*+#.!.&4-43!H#>4!*2!)#]"(?4+4!(!"#H#1!#*+(?4+>4!#*14+*H#-#6+($!+4*%8>4!2&64+#.!"()43!2! *&%-(]"2!+4*%8>4!6(84! >%!)#-(54+4! (! H4#!

H4H#!2!,(>%8#>!)#?(>%*"(!#*14+*H#-#6+($!2&64+($!

"V(7"$(F!

F!

A96A<a2$.*+&M'`aCF

150

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

+#?#.! +4*%8>4! 1#.8#! *%! -%*("(! -4! *%! )#-(54+>%!#-?(>4!2)#&%-#!*!)#-(54+>%1!+4*%8>4!(8(!-4!

*%!+>%+#!)#-(54+>%!#-?(>4!+%]"#!*)#&(>%!+%.#!]"#!*%!&45?(>4!*41#!+4*%8>%F!U4#!)&(1>%&!54!(82*"&4,(>2!

!2!M#?#1!

.F?>%&*H(1!#6>%H"#1! ; <! )#-(54+>%! !)&%-*"4?8>48#!>%!(!>%-4+!#-!2?>%"4!+4!"%1%8>2!H#>($!>%! +#?##*+#?4+#! +4*%8>%! *">%,48#! )&4?+(! *"4"2*!8(&(:"F

Azizije d!amije!H#>%! *2!)#-(.+2"%!2!2&@

.%+"+#!#*+#?4+(1!+4*%8>(14!2&64+#.!"()4!+4*"4#!+4*"48%!

1>%*"(14!H4# !54 +4H#+!"%&("#&(@@

?4!2!=&6(>(!(!*">%,4+>4#+%54?(*+#*"(!=&6(>%!2!&4+.2!

+4*%8>(143!4!+>($#?#!)#*"#>4+>%!)&%-*"4?8>48#!>%!(!>%-4+!#-!2?>%"4!54!*">%,4+>%!)&4?+#.!*"42*4!8(&(:"'+#?##*+#?4+($!+4*%8>4F=H#&#! *?%!

+#*%!+45(?!A5(5(>4 >%&!*2!+4*"48%!->%8#?4+@>%1! *&%-(]+>%! #*14+*H%! ?84*"(3! )4! *2! +4?%-%+#!

&27$(#(! H#>%! *2! )#-(.+2"%! "#@

H#1!

&27$(#(!2!+#?(1!+4*@

%8>(14!W.#V.V'CX+X+V+ ! (!M#?#1!:&%5#@?#1!O#8>2 !;(8(!M#?#1!:&%5#?#1!=%82<!+4!=4?(3!

!2!:#*4+*H#>!U#*"4>+(,(3 !"%!8(V0(8(0+V"!\ \!

! _(->F! G%$(1!T2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0FFF3!BCDF

! V48(6! ^8>(?#3! 6.&#(' +' <"%1"5.4+#(' FIJn/FIoG3! *(&&+0h! V48(6! ^8>(?#3!

'6.&#('+'<"%1"5.4+#(NNN! V48(6!^8>(?#3!

!H&4>!V&4-(]H%F!W4!+4*%8>%!U#@!5+4!*%!-4!

(148#!1>%*+2! F !T!+>%12!+(>%!)#-(.+2"4!+#?4! !2!#?#1!+4*%8>2F!=?4!+4?%-%+4!+4*%8>4!(1484!*2!)#!>%-+2! !

2!*&%-(]"2!+4*%8>4F @

&27$(#2! A6-@28! A5(52F!="#.4! *%! (! +45(?4>2!CX+X+V"FbD! S525%"4H!)&%-*"4?@8>4! N(&! A$1%-#?4! 2! V#&+>#>' CX+X+V+';CX+X+R"/+'6`7`'{'\:#*4+*H(\!^414,<bE!H#>2!+%H(!42"#&(3! ()4H3! +45(?4>2! A5(5(>4! FbB! G%$(1!

A5(5(>%!@

"($! !*! !2!L2&*H#>!;A5(5(>4 !2!U#+>(<! (!Q212+(>(! ; !2!1>%*"(14!L28,%! (!7#+*"4+"4<F

(! *"(8*H($! #-8(H4! A5(5(>4! 3! H4#! (! #+%! N(&!A$1%-#?%! 2!f.%#V.V'CX+X+V+';:#*4+*H#1!^41,2<3!-#!-4+4*!+(*2!)&#?%-%+4F!Q458#.!"#1%!

! V48(6!^8>(?#3!! V48(6!^8>(?#3! a2$.*+&M'`aCF

bD 3!2!S_F!c(>%823!2!)#.84?8>2!fSF!a%.1"&+' +'$.8'2$"0"7V"#V('+' +X5%()#V"'#(&"7V('2%:(#.5'$+*(

bE (0+V(' )#-(.+2"%!A96A<

_(->F!(!V48(6!^8>(?#3!

:#*+%! (!9%&,%.#?(+%3! 2! H#>(14! "4-4]+>(! H#+5284&+(! 4.%+"! 2! L258(!

A96A<bB A96A< !T)F! (!N%$1%-!

A96A<+4?#-(! -4! >%! &27$(#' A6-@28@A5(5! zj' 6.&#+M' *.$(8#2$' %(X7.X+0('

i(5! =&6(>%k' i*4k5%()+i#k! G%$(1!

T2%&8+' #".87(&+1+X(0*)#1%+2"#1! +4?#-2! 2! V#&+>#>' CX+X+V+' ;CX+X+R"/+' 6`7`'{' \:#*4+*H(\! ^414,<! )&%-*"4?8>484! 6(! A5(5(>4! 3! "F>F! !

'&27$(# >4*+#!+4?#-(!(!-4"(&4!#?2! !H4H#!*8(>%-(K!z;+%'C,0")M'&+#'C:)27"8%+0/

HN'\":+27'p'C,+%N A96A<M'?#8F!SS3' 2!V#&+>#>'CX+X+V+'

FT2%&8+'#".87(&+1+X(0

151

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

H#>%!*%3!(525%?! !2!:&%5#?#1!O#8>23!+%!#-8(@H2>2!(5&45("(1!)#*%6+#*"(14Fb`

@

"V(7"$(

@

@6>%.8(,4!2!+#?##*+#?4+(1!+4*%8>(143!*?#>%?&*+4!-&2]"?%+4! (5#8(&4+#*"! +#?##*+#?4+($! +4*%8>4! (!+>($#?($! *"4+#?+(H4! 2!#-+#*2!+4!#*"484! 2&64+4!

"V(7"$(3!*?#>%?&*+4!#H8(>%?4+>4! &45?(>4+>4! )#*8#?4+>4! *! +#?##*@+#?4+(1!+4*%8>(14! #-! *"&4+%! )#*8#?+($! 8>2-(! (5!-&2.($! +4*%8>4! 2!:#*4+*H#1! "V(7"$23bC

b`

! 2! ;M#?#1<! :&%5#?#1! O#8>23! H#>(! )&%-*"4?8>4!

#6>%H4"4! (! &%84"(?+#! *(&#14]"?#! -%H#&4,(>%! H#-! -&2.($! CX+X+V('

T2%&8+' #".87(&+1+X(0FFF3! )4**(1! (!A1&4!

bC

*?#>%!)#*8#?4+>%!?(]%!*2!2*1>%&4?48(!+4!*2*>%-+(!.&4-!c#6#>3!+%]"#!

)&#(5?#-(!+41(>%+>%+(!54!(5?#53!#-+#*+#!2?#5F!=?%!>%!"#!1#.8#!+4!

(5!)#*8#?4+>4!6#*4+*H($!.&4-#?4!)#)2"!L%]+>4F! ="#.43!1(]8>%+>%!OF!

iV"k' %(X4.V' .:%$(' +' $%5.4+#"NNNN

+#?##*+#?4+4!+4*%8>43!"&%64!25%"(!2!&4514"&4+>%!2?>%"+#F!M4(1%3!4H#!1>%*+#!*"4+#?+(]"?#!+#?##*+#?4+($!+4*%8>4!2!*>%?%&+#>!:#*+(!+(>%!

(! *! 42*"&(>*H(1! 2&64+(1! +4*%8>(14! )&%H#! =4?%3! "4-4! 6(! *%! 1#.8#!i(!-&2.($!+#?#*+#?4+($!+4*%8>4k!i48(! (!-&2.($k!

iV"k'%(X4.V'.:%$('+'$%5.4+#"NNNN

(*"($! +4*%8>4! +4H#+! EabaF! .F! 2! #H?(&2! 42*"&#! Z!

H84*+#.!-&2]"?%+#.!)&4.14"(5143!"%!+#?%!)&#*@"#&+%!&%.284,(>%!(!4&$("%H"#+*H%!(5.&4-+>%!;)#*%6@

&%.284,(>2!\)&4?(84+!2&64+(!&4*"%&\<F !

3! ?(->%"(! 2! .%#.&4/*H#1!

+4*%8>4F

152

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

/

6.&#+(N';+,%(:&'(%"'$,"'&"0+1+%127(%'#+1,"&'+#'$,"'P(77&'.B ':2+7)+#5&'P+$,'%+$2(7'B2#1$+.#&N'-%+"#$")'$.P(%)'$,"'&.2$,"(&$M'$,"R'+#)+1($"'$,"')+%"1$+.#'.B '$,"'&(#1$2(%R'.B ';"11(M'(#)'$,2&'$,"'*%"&1%+:")')+%"1$+.#'$,($';2&7+0&'02&$'B(1"'P,+7"'*%(R+#5N'T,"R'(%"'$R*+1(77R'(0.#5'$,"'0.&$'.%#(0"#$")'*(%$&'.B '$,"':2+7)+#5&'+#'P,+1,'$,"R'(%"'B.2#)N'T,"+%'&,(*"'+&'.B$"#'(7&.'B.2#)'.#'*%(R"%'%25&M'$,"%":R'&$%"&&+#5'$,"'0+,%(: &̂'&R0:.7+1'+0*.%$(#1"'(&'('0")+20'B.%'

/(:7"'"@(0*7"&'B"($2%"'&$(7(1$+$"'.%#(0"#$&'(#)'.$,"%'.%#(0"#$&'1(%4")'+#'0(%:7"'(11.%)+#5'$.'1"%$(+#'5".0"$%+1'.%'4"5"$(7')"1.%($+4"'&1,"0"&N'T,.25,'("&$,"$+1(77R'&+0+7(%M'$,"R'(%"'5"#"%(77R'&+0*7"%'$,(#'$,"'0+,%(:&'B.2#)'+#'$,"'5%"($'0.&]2"&'.B '1"#$%"&'7+8"'A&$(#:27N''!(77+5%(*,+1'+#&1%+*$+.#&'($'$,"'0+,%(: &̂'(%1,'.B$"#'&"%4"'(&'('%"0+#)"%'.B '$,"'Y.%(#+1'#(%%($+4"'.B ';(%RM'"&*"1+(77R'+#'-$$.0(#':2+7)+#5&N'-#'0.%"'%"1"#$'0+,%(:'"@(0*7"&M'$"@$&'(%"'.B$"#'.0+$$")'(7$.5"$,"%N

&azim Had!imejli$

Mihrabi u Bosni i Hercegovin i

Mihrabs in Bosnia and Herzegovina

153

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

,&./!0#'+$ '/?+$ ;#$ +%(5#*"4?+(! -(#! .#"#?#!*?4H#.!*4H&48+#.!)&#*"#&4F!T!(*841*H(1!*4H&48@+(1!#6>%H"(14!"#!>%!1($&463!+>%.#?4!*?&$4!)&(>%!

&%5%&?(*4+#! 54! )&%-?#-+(H4! 1#8("?%3! (1414F!N($&46! 2! #-+#*2! +4! ,(>%8#H2)+4+! #6>%H4"! 2!H#>%1!*%!+4845(!+(>%!1#+21%+"48+($!-(1%+5(>43!#+%! ?4&(&4>2! #-! #6>%H"4! -#! #6>%H"43! 48(! 2?(>%H!>%!*H84-+#!2H#1)#+(&4+!2!,(>%82!4&$("%H"#+*H2!#&H%*"&4,(>2! (+"%&(>%&4F! L4H#! >%! 1($&46! )&#>%H@"(&4+!2!#-+#*2!+4!-?4!%8%1%+"4K! ;E<!2!#-+#*2!

(*841*H#>!21>%"+#*"(3!1($&462!H4#!4&$("%H"#+*@

+4>2H&4]%+(>(!-(#!#6>%H"4F!U#-!1#+21%+"48+($!*4H&48+($! #6>%H4"4! 1($&46! (14! H#1)8%H*+(>2!

+>%.#?4!*"&2H"2&4!?#-(!H4!2+2"&4]+>#*"(!(!)&#-2@

#*"48#F! L4H#! 1($&46! *41! 54! *%6%! )&%-*"4?8>4!

@

541>%+2! +(]%! H#>4! >%! 6(84! >%-+#*"4?+(>%! /#&1%3!"4H#5?4+($! x*8(>%)($y! ?&4"4! H#>4! *2! )#H45(?484!

@

154

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

N%-(+(!>%!1#.84!)&%-*"4?8>4"(!1#+#8("+4!H41%+4!

>%!*"4>4#!O#*84+(H3!*F?F*F4F!(!?#-(#!1#8("?2F!O#&%-!

1#8("?%!)&%1!N%H(3!#+!(*"#!"4H#!)&%-*"4?8>4!#-4@

.->%!>%!*"4>4#!(!)&%-?#-(#!1#8("?2FG#&14!+(]%!H4#!1#8("?%+#.!)&4?,4!+4845%!*%!(!

)#!-&2.(1!*4H&48+(1!+%(*841*H(1!#6>%H"(143!H4#!

+4845(!1($&46F

/#&14!1($&464!*4!*?#>(1!*?#-#1!H#&%*)#+-(&4!

2+2"&4]+>%.!*?(>%"43!*?%"%!])(8>%!*&,4F

#?%! 1#8("?%+%! +(]%3! 1($&464F! T*)#*"4?8>4+>%!

*(16#8(514!1($&464! 2! *?#>#>! (*841*H#>! )%&*)%@H"(?(3!1#&4!6("(!)&(>%! *?%.4!-#?%-%+#!2!?%52! *4!

x*H8#+(]"%yh!U2&J4+!)#*%6+#!H#&(*"(!#?4>!*?(>%"!-4!

@

@&%"(! N%&>%1(! (8(! =?%"#>! c>%?(,(3! ]"#! >%! )#*%6+#!

@

6#>#1F!

@UAQSIIA!AX@NS9QA:y! @!Y()' 5.)' :+' #V.V' l"/

+4! $45&%"(!N%&>%1! (!1($&46! H4#!1>%*"#! #*41%!(! )&(5(?4+>4! :#.43! .->%! >%! 945&%"(! N%&>%1! 6(84!

@

155

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

8#*"F! N($&46! >%! 1>%*"#! .->%! >%! $45&%"(! N%&>%1!

945&%"(!N%&>%1%3!2H452>%!+4!*(16#8(541!1#8("@?%+%!+(]%!H4#!+(]%!*&,4F!L4H#!*2!(*841*H(!.&4-("%8>(!?(->%8(!1($&463! H4#! *(16#8! "&4+*,%+-%+"+%! ?%5%!

4>%"!H#>(!*%! (*)(*2>%!+4!1($&46(143!4!H#>(!.#?#&(!

*4841(+!%1(+y!@! FM4*2)&#"! 1($&464! .#"#?#! 2?(>%H! *%! +4845(!

?%8(H(! (8(! .84?+(! )#&"483! H#>(! *?#>(1! H#+,%)"#1!-#*"4!+48(H2>%!1($&462!(8(!64&%1!>%!>%-4+!#-68>%@

*"484H"("+(1! H&2+(*4+>%1! (! *8F! )#&"48! *4H&48+#.!)&#*"#&4!2?#-(!?>%&+(H4!2!1#8("?%+(!)&#*"#&3!]"#!H#&%*)#+-(&4!1($&462!H#>(!)&%-*"4?8>4!#"?4&4+>%!?&4"4!-2$#?+#.3!+%?(-8>(?#.!*?(>%"4!H4#!-2$#?+(!

156

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

H#+,%+"&4,(>#1! #"?4&4! (! 2845(! 2! +%?(-8>(?(! *?(>%"!

*&,4!;*8F!E<F!N($&46!>%!(*"#!"4H#!#-&45! 3!1>%*"4!1#@

*4! 5%18>#1! #-! H#>%! >%! +4)&4?8>%+3! 48(! (! 1>%*"4!

;*8F!B@`<F!

Mihrabi u Bosni i Hercegovini

(141! )&%-?#-(! ?>%&+(H%! 2! 1#8("?(3! &%)&%5%+"4@

*"4H8%+($! 1#54(H43! &%564&%+#.! -&?%"43! ,(.8%3!2H&4]4?4+!/4>4+*+#1!)84*"(H#13!4!2!#*14+*H#1!

@

@

157

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

-%H#&4,(>4F! c%H#&4"(?+(! 1#"(?(! H#>(! *2! (5?%-%+(!6(8#! 2! )8("H#1! &%8>%/2! (8(! #*8(H4?4+(! +4! H41%+2!

@&4?#! 54! #*14+*H%! 1($&46%F! L#! *2! H#1)8%H*+(!

@

@

1($&46(!*2!*%!&45?(8(!2!+%]"#!>%-+#*"4?+(>#>!/#&1(!

2!#-+#*2!+4!)#1%+2"%!1#+21%+"48+%!1($&46%!@

1%+5(>%!1($&464!?4&(&4>2!2!#-+#*2!+4!)&#)#&,(>%!

)&(1>%&,(!1($&464!*2!#+(!6%5!2H&4*4! (8(!*4!1(+(@

82HF! P?%+"248+#! )#>%-(+(! >%-+#*"4?+(>(! 1($&46(!1#.2!(14"(!?(]%*"&4+%!+(]%!;*8F!C@b<F

#*+#?+($!.&2)4K!1($&46(!6%5!2H&4*43!1($&46(!*4!

2H&4*(143!1($&46(! *4! 2H&4*(14!2! ?(-2!+(]43!1(@@

4H"("+(1!2H&4*(14!(!-4+4]+>(!1($&46(!H#>(!*2!6%5!

158

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

159

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

*2!)#*"4?8>%+(!;*8F!a@ED<F

@

H#16(+(&4>2! *%! *4! -#8>+(1!->%8#1!1($&464! H#>(!>%!)#->%8>%+!2!?%&"(H48+%!)#>4*%?%!(!.#&+>(1!->%@8#1!H#>(!*%!H#1)8%H*+#!54?&]4?4!*4!*"484H"("(14!

*2!-48(!+4>(1)&%*(?+(>43!+4>H#1)8%H*+(>4!+4>)2+(>4!

%8%1%+"! +(>%! 6(#! *41#! &%5%&?(*4+! 54! 1($&46%3!

)#&"4843!1($&4643! */%&+($! "&#2.8#?43! H4)("%84! +4!*"26#?(14!(!-&2.#.!;*8F!BD<F

*%-41!)#8>43!H#>4!)&%-*"4?8>4>2!-2$#?+4!25-(54@

*4! *%-41! +(?#43! *"%)%+(H4! H4#! )#8>4! 25-(54+>4!

25-(54+>2! (! 2*4?&]%+>2! "(! +(?#(! *%! +45(?4>2! #"B&/+'"00(%"M'#"B&/+'7"44(0"M'#"B&/+'027,+0"M'#"B&/+'02$0"+##"M'

1($&4623!*?4H#!)#8>%!>%!>%-+4H#!>%-+#1!*"%)%+23!

*41%!xH&2+%y!1($&4643! ]"#!)&%-*"4?8>4!)#")2+#!

)#*"(.+%!;*8F!EC<FN($&46!H#>(!*"#>(!+4!5%18>(3!+4!"82!]"#!)&%-*"4?@

(8(!)#8>4F!N($&46!>%!2!*?#>#>!$(*"#&(>(!)&#845(#!H&#5!

+4)&%-4H!"#.!+4&#-43!)&#*"#&4!(!1>%*"4F!

H4H#! 8(H#?+#@%*"%"*H(! "4H#! *4H&48+#F! M(>4+*%! (8(!

160

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

161

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

@)#5+4>2F!c4+4]+>%! *"4+>%! x*4?&%1%+%! .&4-+>%y! (8(!

x*4?&%1%+%!4&$("%H"2&%y!)#H452>2!+%)#5+4?4+>%!+4>#*+#?+(>($! )&(+,()43! 1($&4643! *4H&48+#*"(! (!-2$#?+#*"(!1($&4643!]"#!(5845(!(5!/#&1%3!4&$("%H@"#+*H($3!%*"%"*H($! (!-2$#?+($!*(16#843!4!*(16#@8(H%!2#)]"%!+%14F!O4!"4H#!(!"%H*"248+4!Z!H48(.&4/@

)#.&%]+#!#-46&4+4!(!)#*"4?8>%+4!;*8F!Eb<F!

A&7(0&8(' 0.#2/0"#$(7#('20"$#.&$'smA' 4"8('2' >25.&7(4+V+3!:%#.&4-!

#!4&4)*H#@(*841*H#>!21>%"+#*"(y3!a-b/

#.0'02#(%.0'2'6.&#+'+'<"%1"5.4+#+N%"(+! =m5%+3! 3!S*"4+6283! *F4Fh! Q%$4!Vo+403!T,"'C%1,+$"1$' (#)' ,+&'S.%8&3'U+#(# @

C%$'.B 'A&7(03'7(#52(5"'(#)'0"(#+#5

162

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

C2$.%'%(&*%(47V('.'&*.0"#+1+0('+'.:V"8$+0('8.V+'&"'#(7(X"'#('5%()+$"7V&8.V'1V"7+#+'('*.4"X(#+'&2'&('$2%:"$.0'+'

.&$%4('FdJFN'5.)+#"N'a.&7+V"'0#.5+,'+#$"%4"#1+V(M')(#(&'&"'8.%+&$+'8(.'8.#1"%$#(')4.%(#(N'T2%:"';2%()'\"+&/(M'

T,"'(2$,.%')+&12&&"&'0.#20"#$&'(#)'.:V"1$&'.#'$,"'&+$"'1.##"1$")'$.'$,"'$.0:'(#)'0.&]2"'"%"1$")'+#';2%()'

(&'Z$,"'02B$+ &̂',.2&"[LM'P,+1,'+&'*%"&20")'$.',(4"':""#':2+7$'#.$'7.#5'(B$"%'$,"'+&7(#) &̂'1.#]2"&$'+#'FdJFN'CB$"%'

-$$.0(#'&"(0(#'P,.'P+&,")'$.':"':2%+")'.#'\,.)"&M'+&'(#'.1$(5.#(7').0")':2+7)+#5'$,($'02&$')($"'$.'$,"'$+0"'.B ',+&')"($,'+#'FQKG_'+$'P(&'%"&$.%")'+#'FIdGN'A#'+$&'4+1+#+$R'(%"'B.2#)'.$,"%'0(2&.7"20&'B%.0'$,"'Fn$,/FG$,'1"#$2%+"&M'+#172)+#5'$.0:&'.B '0"0:"%&'.B '$,"'f+%(R'(#)'U(B(4+)')R#(&$+"&'.B '$,"'!%+0"('(#)'A%(#M'P,.')+")'.#'\,.)"&'+#'"@+7"M'(&'P"77'(&'JdQ';2&7+0'5%(4"&$.#"&N'T,"'0.&$'0.#20"#$(7':2+7)+#5'.#'&+$"'+&'$,"'&./1(77")'0.&]2"'.B ';2%()'

&"(0(# &̂')"($,N'A$'P(&'%"&$.%")'+#'FnInkIM'FnGoM'(#)'FGnQN'T,"':2+7)+#5'%"0(+#&'17.&")'B.%'*%(R"%'&+#1"'JKKKN'T,"'0+#(%"$'5.$'+$&'12%+.2&'*%"&"#$'&,(*"')2%+#5'A$(7+(#'%27"'.4"%'\,.)"&'+#'$,"'+#$"%P(%'*"%+.)N

Mehmet Z. Ibrahimgil

Jedan osvr t na objek te kompleksa Murad Reis -a na Rodosu

A sur vey of objects wi th in the Murad Reis compound in Rhodes

163

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

'+<&'$ &10&;#';+$ =#&-*+:+$ `F! *%)"%16&4!ECBEF!.#-(+%3!2!)%&(#-2!?84-4?(+%!*28"4+4!=28%>@14+4!W4H#+#-4?,43!#*?#>%+#!>%!(!#*"&?#!Q#-#*F!T)#&%-#!*4!5425(14+>%1!#"#H4!-#845(!(!-#!+4*@%8>4?4+>4! 5+4"+#.! 6&#>4! "2&*H#.! *"4+#?+(]"?4F!O&#1>%+#1!-%1#.&4/*H%!*"&2H"2&%!+4!#"#H2!*%!

2+2"4&! *&%-+>%?>%H#?+($! 5(-(+4! .&4-4! Q#-#*4!+4*"4>2!#6>%H"(!#*14+8(>*H%!4&$("%H"2&%F!L2&*H#!*"4+#?+(]"?#! H#>%! >%! +4*%8(8#! *"4&(! .&4-!Q#-#*3!

(1!1($&46! (!1(+6%&3! 4!+4!+%(*H#&(]"%+#1!)&#@*"#&2! *2! .&4-(8(! H2)4"(84! ;$4141%<3! 1%-&%*%3!

U7N'FN'a%.&$.%#+'*7(#'.:V"8($('8.0*7"8&(';2%()'\"+&/(3'FN'T"8+V(';2%()'

!"#$%&''#($')*$)'+*),-!.',)%'/"0-$+'1*"2'!"#$%&'()&(*%+,(-&*.'345'26*)#'*$-%'2"%76$')!+' %$*8-/$' 09)/$%',$*$' /"0-$+' 1*"2'/0,102% 3()+455&' :;')22)*'-:*)(-2.-9

164

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

H#>(! *2! )&%1>%]"%+(! (5?4+! 5(-(+4! *"4&#.4! .&4-4!

@14+*H#.!,4&*"?4F!c4+4]+>4!5.&4-4!4&$%#8#]H#.!125%>4!+4!Q#-#*2!H#&(]"%+4!>%!H4#!6#8+(,4! (!2!

-#H454+#! )#*"#>4+>%! EEb! #6>%H4"4! #*14+*H%!

+%)#*&%-+#! )#! #*?#>%+>2! #"#H4! ECBBF! .#-(+%!@

6&#>3!H4H#!?&(>%1%!)&#845(3! *14+>2>%F!U#1)8%H*!N2&4-! Q%(*! *"4&! )%"! *"#"(+4! .#-(+4! *%! +4845(!2! "4H?#1! *"4+>2!-4! >%! )#"&%6+4!$("+4! 4H,(>4! +4!

H#1)8%H*! #*14+8(>*H%! H28"2&%3! "#! >%! (! (-%+"("%"3!

_&4"("(!#?4>!546#&4?8>%+(!(!#*"4?8>%+(!H#1)8%H*!2+@2"4&!*?>%"*H%!64]"(+%!+(>%!#64?%54!*41#!(+*"("2,(>4!

@"2,(>4!*)%,(>48(5(&4+($!54!#?2!#684*"F!

Tabela -1

Funk

c!ja

Vrsta

obje

kta

Broj

obje

kata

"!je

je

posto

jane

utvr#e

no

Vjersk! objekt!

Kompleks 3D"am!ja ! mesd"!d! 30Tek!ja 5Turbe 6Mezarje 2

Obrazovne !nst!tuc!je

Medrese 5Mekteb 4B!bl!oteka 1Ru"d!ja 1

Trgova#k! objekt!Bez!stan 1Arasta/Loca 1

Vojn! objekt!

Kule 4Dvorac 1Oru"arn!ca/tersane 4Kasarna 4Barutana 2Sklad!$te mun!c!je 2Zatvor 1%tab 1Tab!ja 1

Soc!jaln! objekt!

Kupat!lo 5&esma 25Seb!lj 1Sarn!# 4Imaret 2

C!v!l!n! objekt! Konak 3

Javn! objekt!Zgrada (Konak) vlade 3Zgrada (Konak) za val!ju 2

Ukupno 124

165

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

>%-4+!-#!-%?%"!#62$?4"4!H#1)8%H*!N2&4-!Q%(*@

@

1B

1. Tekija Murad Reis-a

@*8>%-+>%!?&(>%1%!12/"(>4!*"4+#?4#!2!+>#>F#=14"&4!

@

U4#! -(#! H#1)8%H*4! N2&4-! Q%(*! "%H(>4! >%! )&(@

)4-484!+4H](6%+-(>*H#1!"4&(H4"2!4!(1484!>%!*#62!54!*"4+#?4+>%3!54!#6>%-#?4+>%3!*#62!54!5(H&3!*#62!54!-%&?(]%3!*#62!54!#*418>(?4+>%!-%&?(]43!H2)4"(8#!

*%! )&(1(>%"("(! -4! *2! +%H(! -(>%8#?(! "%H(>%! H4*+(>%!

+4H](6%+-(>*H#1! &%-2F! c4+4*3! )#-! (5.#?#&#1!&%*"42&4,(>%3! c(&%H,(>4! 54! U28"2&2! Q#-#*4! #?4>!#6>%H4"!H#&(*"(!H4#!H#+,%&"+(!,%+"4&!4!+4H#+!&4@-#?4!H#>(!*2!)&#1(>%+(8(!H#+,%)"!,(>%8#.4!#6>%H"4F!

U7N'JN'T2%:"';2%()'\"+&/('EFQKGN'5NL

166

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

2. Turbe Murad Reis-a (sl . 2-3)N2&4-!Q%(*3!)#!H#1%!>%!H#1)8%H*!-#6(#!(1%3!

>%!)#5+4"(!)#1#&4,!(5!?&%1%+4!*28"4+4!=28%>14+4!W4H#+#-4?,4F#O#&(>%H8#1! >%#"41#]+>($!.2*4&43!48(!>%!2!&4+#>!184-#*"(!(546&4+!2! #-&%-! *"&4+4,4! 4! H4*+(>%! >%3! 2! *4*"4?2! 1#&@+4&(,%3!6(#!)#-!-(&%H"+#1!H#14+-#1!:4&64&#*!

)#$#-(14F!W6#.!*?#>%!(5&45("%!$&46&#*"(3!-#)&(@

)&(8(H#1!#*?#>%+>4!U()&4!6(#!>%!H4)%"4+!*%H"#&4!

6(?4!(1%+#?4+!H#14+-4+"#1!O#1#&*H%!H4&428%!

@8(>%!(!P.()"43!2*)(#!>%!542*"4?("(!(!54&#6("(!148"%]H2!

@

@

! 948(8@)4]4! .4! >%! )#*84#! 6&#-#1!

(!*4$&4+>%+#!2!"2&6%"2!H#>%!>%!-4#!*4.&4-("(FL2&6%! >%!#*1#2.4#+#! (!)#H&(?%+#!H2)#8#1F!

*"#>(! +4")(*! 2! "48(H2F!M4! *?4H#>! #-! *"&4+(,4! "2&@

)&#5#&F! M4! )&%-+>#>! *"&4+(! 2! ]8>2+H#?("#1! H4@

T+2"&4]+>#*"! "2&6%"4! >%! 2H&4]%+4! +4")(*(14F! T!2+2"&4]+>#*"(! H2)#8%! +4845(1#!1#"(?%! 5?(>%5-4F!S5!+4")(*4!+4!?&4"(14!-4!*%!&4521>%"(!-4!>%!#6+#?4!

3. Turbe Memi-pa"e

A$1%-4!S3! (1%+#?4+!54!6%.4!Q#-#*H#.F!:(#! >%!@

=! #65(&#1!-4! >%! 6(#! )#1#&4,! +>%.#?!1%54&! >%!

2! U#1)8%H*2! N2&4-! Q%(*@4F! G#+-4,(>4! Q#-#*!

>%! #-! H8%*4+#.! H41%+43! 4! H2)#84! *"#>(! +4! -?4!*"2)4! *! )&%-+>%! *"&4+%! (! 5(-#?(14F! S! *"26#?(! *2!

#6>%H"4!(14!)#!>%-4+!)&#5#&F!T!2+2"&4]+>#*"(!*%!

-(#!.&#6+(,%!>%!)&#)4#!2!5%18>2F!M4!25.84?8>2!(!

)#"&%6+4!$("+4!&%*"42&4,(>4F!

4. D!amija Murad Reis-a (Ebu Bekir-pa"e) (sl . 4-6)

U7N'HN'T2%:"';2%()'\"+&/('EFQKGN'5NL

167

82H%! 2! Q#-#*23! +4! 2.82! 28(,4! V(#&.(#! O4)4@+(H#842! (! M(H#8423! +4! N4+-&4H(! 1%>-4+2! >%!

?&4"(14! ?(-(! *%! -4! >%!94*4+@6%.! EBEBF! $\Ebab@

BDDDF!.#-(+%!>%!54"?#&%+4!54!#6&%-%F!O&%14!>#]!

(5.8%-!2!-#64!("48(>*H#.!)%&(#-4F!M>%+(!#&(.(+48+(!

@

@

#-!"#.4!*%!*4-4!*41#!+45(&2!"&4.#?(F!U2)#84!H#>4!

168

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

5. Turbe D!anberk Giraj Hana

@+#1!*2H#62!#H#!?84*"(!*4!N%$1%-#1!V(&4>%1!(! +>%.#?(1! 6&4"#1! ^4$(+#1!V(&4>%1F! O#5+4"#!>%!-4!*2!)&(>%*"#8#+4*8>%-+(,(!+4!U&(12!(5!#6("%8>(!

)4H"2!*4!Q2*(14F!_84-4&(!U&(14!*2!H4"H4-3!H4#!

@

2!H#1)8%H*2!N2&4-!Q%(*@4!54>%-+#!*4!"2&6%"#1!^4$(+!V(&4>!94+4F!S!#?#!"2&6%!(14!#*1#2.4#+2!

H8%*4+#.!H41%+43!4!-4+4*!*%!+4845(!2!&2]%?+#1!*"4+>2F!T!2+2"&4]+>#*"(!"2&6%"4!*%!+4845(!1%&1%&@

@$&46F! V&#6+(,4! >%! 2H&4]%+4! 1#"(?(14! 6(8>4H4! (!)&%-1%"4!H#>(!#*8(H4?4>2!21>%"+#*"!"#.!?&%1%+4F!

6. Turbe 'ahin i Fethi Giraj Hanovo (sl . 7)G%"$(! V(&4>! 94+! >%! *(+! ?84-4&4! U&(14! c%?@

8%"! V(&4>! 94+4F! W4>%-+#! *4! H&(1*H(1! &4"+(,@

169

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

)#$?48(#3!4!54?#8(#!.4!>%!(!?%8(H(!?%5(&!=(+4+@)4]43!)#! 54?&]%"H2! ?#>+%3! -4#! 12! >%! +4! 2)&4?8>4+>%!U&(1F!U4-4!>%!S6&4$(1@)4]4!541(>%+(#!+4!1>%*"2!?%8(H#.!?%5(&4!=(+4+@)4]2!#+!>%!/4?#&(5(&4#!*?#.4!)#5+4+(H4!V45(!V(&4>43! 6&4"4! G%"$(!V(&4>!94+4!H#>%.!>%!)#5?4#!2!S*"4+628!2!c4&@2!*44-%3!4!)#@"#1!.4!#")&%1(#!2!)&#.#+*"?#!+4!Q#-#*F!T1&#!

(*"#1!"2&6%"2!H4#!(!^4$(+!V(&4>!$4+#?F!

2H&4]%+4!1#"(?(14! 6(8>+#.4! *?(>%"4! 2! &#5%"414F!M(]4+! +4! 25.84?8>2! >%! #)4*4+! "2&64+#1! )#@-(>%8>%+(1!H?4-&4"+#1!#*+#?#1!+4!?(]%!-(>%8#?4F!M4!)&%-+>#>!*"&4+(!*%!+4845(!+4")(*!2!-%?%"!&%-#?4F!

@845(!*%!2!+4>8#](>%1!*"4+>2!#-!*?($!#6>%H4"4!H#1@)8%H*4F! S*)&%-! 2845+($! ?&4"4! >%3! )&%14!#*"4,(14!H#>(!2H452>2!+4!"#3!)#*"#>4#!"&(>%1!H#>(!>%!+%*"4#!

@>(1!(+"%&?%+,(>414F!A8(3!4H#!6(!*%!-#+(>%84!#-82H4!(!4H#!6(!*%!(5?&](84!"%1%8>("4!&%*"42&4,(>43!+4!)#"@

(*H#)4?4+>4! (! 2H8#+("(! +4H+4-+%! (+"%&?%+,(>%F!

/4*4-4F! O&%14! "(1! )#H454"%8>(14! "&%648#! 6(! +4!

*2!6(8(!)&#5#&(3!"%!14"%&(>484!H#&(]"%+#.!54!/4*4-2!

4!"%H!+4H#+!"#.4!($!2H8#+("(F!

7. Turbe 'ah Safi Mirzino (sl . 8)

@?%"#.!(!)#*8>%-+>%.!?84-4&4!S&4+4!(5!-(+4*"(>%!=4/%@?(>4F#U4-4!>%!M4-(&!^4$!*(8#1!)&%25%#!)&(>%*"#8>%#

"2&6%! *4! #*1#2.4#+#1! #*+#?#13! )&%H&(?%+#!

170

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

H2)#8#1! *%! +4845(! 2! 1%54&82H2! N2&4-! Q%(*@4F!

H4-4!>%!"4!?(>%*"!-#]84!-#!N4&(>4!X4.%3!2)&4?("%8>4!#"#H43! H#>(! >%!+4&%-(#!-4! *%! "2&6%!?&4"(! 2! &4+(>%!*"4+>%F! T+2"4&! "2&6%"4! )#*"#>(! 1%&1%&+4! .&#6@+(,4F!M(]4+!+4!25.84?8>2! (14!#64?(>%+!54?&]%"4H!2!#68(H2!64H84?%F!=!)&%-+>%!*"&4+%!*"#>(!+4")(*!2!

1#"(?(14!6(8>+#.!*?(>%"4F!

8. #esma/'adrvan Murad Reis-a

# N2&4-! Q%(*@4! *"#>(!@

_#-4! >%! -#845(84! (5! ](8>4"($! 82H#?4! *1>%]"%+(! +4!>%-+#>! *"&4+(! -%)#4! 54! ?#-2! 2+2"4&! H#>%.! *2!+4*8(H4+%!&#5%"%!*4!1#"(?(14!6(8>+#.4!*?(>%"43!"%!(5!H41%+#.!H#&("4!*1>%]"%+#.!2!*&%-(]"2!&#5%"4F!L4!

#-!1%&1%&+($!8%?$(F!U#&("4!*2!-4+4*!2!)#")2+#!

171

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

9. Turbe Havva" Sand!arovo (sl . 9)M4H#+!>%-+%!)#62+%!H#>4!>%!(56(84!2!A+4-#@

8(>(#94??4]@6%.!>%!)&#">%&4+!+4!Q#-#*F!M4!+>%.#@

@

(!%*"%"*H2!?&(>%-+#*"!+4H#+!(+"%&?%+,(>4!+4!+>%12!)&(8(H#1!H#>($!>%!H#&(]"%+!6%"#+*H(!14"%&(>48F!M4-!

+4845(!*%!+4")(*!)(*4+!"48(H!)(*1#1F!

10. Turbe seraskera Mehmet Redif-pa"e

#-(.&4#! ?%8(H2! 28#.2! 2! *?&.4?4+>2! *28"4+4! A6@

?%8(H(!+4)#&!(!-4!*%!*28"4+!N2&4-3!H#>(!>%!-#]4#!+4!)&(>%*"#!)#*8(>%!A6-2845(543!2-48>(! *4! "%!)#5(,(>%F!W4! ?&(>%1%! *28"4+4! A6-28$41(-4! )#*"4?8>%+! >%!

@@

+4!#"#H23!4!H4*+(>%!>%!)&%*%8(#!2!.&4-F!T!*%82!.->%!

2! *H8#)2! H#1)8%H*4! N2&4-! Q%(*@4! +4! *>%?%&#@54)4-+#>!*"&4+(!68(52!1#&4F

172

Cen

tres a

nd p

erip

herie

s in

Otto

man

arc

hite

cture

: red

iscov

erin

g a

Balka

n he

ritag

e

L2&6%! (14! H?4-&4"+2! #*+#?2! (! )#H&(?%+#! >%!H2)#8#1F! T! 2+2"&4]+>#*"(! (14! >%-+2! .&#6+(,2F!

@

4&$("%H"2&%F!M4!*?4H#>!*"&4+(!"2&6%"4!*%!+4845(!)#!>%-4+!?%8(H(!)&#5#&!*4!#H&2.8(1!&26#?(14F

11. Turbe Mehmed 'ekib-pa"e

P.()"2F!O&?#!#6&45#?4+>%!>%!*"%H4#!2!S*"4+62823!4!?&8#!184-!>%!#"(]4#!H4!P.()"2F!V2?%&+%&!A664*@)4]4!.4!>%!*1>%*"(#!2!?#>+2!4H4-%1(>2!2!P.()"2F!M4H#+! *1&"(!A664*@)4]%! =4("! (! S88$41(@)4]2! *2!54)#->%+28(!6("H2!54!.2?%&+%&4!4!N%$1%-!^%H(6@

-#8454H!54!.2?%&+%&4F!U4*+(>(1!*)#&4521#1!54!.2?%&+%&4!-#845(!=4("@)4]4F!N%$1%-!^%H(6@)4]4!

)#*"4?8>%+!>%!54!M4-5#&+(H4!&4"4!; <F!

M>%.#?#!"2&6%!*%!+4845(!2!H#1)8%H*2!N2&4-!Q%(*! (! (14! ]%*"#2.4#+2!#*+#?2!2!#68(H2!648-4@$(+4F!L2&6%!>%!)#H&(?%+#!H2)#8#1!H#>2!+#*(!]%*"!

*%!+4845(!2!&2]%?+#1!*"4+>2!(!)&(>%"(!12!)#")2+(!+%*"4+4HF!T!2+2"&4]+>#*"(!"2&6%"4!*%!+4845(!.&#6@+(,4F!N%&1%&+4!.&#6+(,4!-4+4*!(14!*41#!"%1%8>!

14. #esma

H#>(! .8%-4! )&%14! 82,(! 2! *H8#)2! H#1)8%H*4!N2@&4-! Q%(*@4F! N%&1%&+(! *?#-! 54?&]4?4! *4! 5(-#1!

25!?4+>*H(!5(-!"%H(>%!#64?(>%+4! >%!1%&1%&#1!+4!

-(#!>%!](8>4"(!1%&1%&+(!82H!2!H#1%!*%!+4845(!/4&4F!

1%&1%&+#.!/4&4F!

15. Mezarje

,(X+%"<!N2&4-! Q%(*@4F! =?4H(! +(]4+! >%! -#6(#! (+?%+"4&*H(!

@

>%!2*"4+#?8>%+#!)(*1#!2!H#>%1!>%!)(*4+!+4")(*!4!)#"#1!)&%?%-%+!+4!1#-%&+(!"2&*H(!>%5(HF!O&%14!

+4! #*+#?2! H#>%! >%! 2*"4+#?8>%+#! -4! 8(! )&()4-4!

*2! *?&*"4?4+%! 2! .&2)%! )&%14! /2+H,(>(! H#>2! *2!

.&2)414! )#*"#>%! ?%8(H(! ?%5(&(3! ?%5(&(3! )#1#&*H(!+4-5#&+(,(3!)4]%3!?48(>%3!H4>14H41(3! 3!

#?#.!1%54&>4F!L(!)#-4,(!-4"(!2! "46%8(!#*8(H4?4>2!@

8(,2!1>%*"4! )&%*8(H4?4+(! (! ?48#&(5(&4+(! *4! 4*)%H"4!@

6(>%8#.!1%&1%&4! (!?&8#!*2!-&4.#,>%+(!*)#1%+(,(!H28"2&%! (! 21>%"+#*"(! *4! 4*)%H"4!+>($#?%! %*"%"*H%!

@

*)4]4?4+>2!(!&%*"42&4,(>(F!

173

Cen

tri i

perif

erije

u o

sman

skoj

arh

itektu

ri: p

onov

o ot

kriva

nje

balka

nsko

g na

slije!a

Zaklju%ak i pogovorU#1)8%H*! N2&4-! Q%(*@4! *4! "2&6%"#13!

@"(143!"%!+4-.&#6+(1!*)#1%+(,(14!2!1%54&>2!(14!

@"#+*H%!64]"(+%F!L#!>%!>%-+4!?&(>%-+4!(!-&4.#,>%+4!

@

(!?%8(H4!4&$("%H"#+*H4!64]"(+4!+4!#"#,(14!2!P.%@>*H#1! 1#&2F! 9&#+#8#]H4! #6&4-4! U#1)8%H*4!-4"4! >%!H4H#!6(!*%!)#-4*"&84!5+4+>4!#!)#?(>%*"(! (!4&$("%H"#+*H(1!H4&4H"%&(*"(H414!*?4H#.!#-!+>($F!

H#>(!(5!-4+4!2!-4+!*?%!?(]%!)&#)4-4>2F!U#1)8%H*!H#>(!>%!+4*"4>4#!)%"!*"#"(+4!.#-(+4!-4+4*!*%!+4845(!2! *"4+>2! 2! H#>%1!12! >%! $("+#!)#"&%6+4! &%*"42@

#*14+8(>*H4!)#?(>%*"3!"#!>%3!(*"#?&%1%+#3!*H2)!#6@>%H4"4!H#>(!+41!#*?>%"8>4?4!#*"&?#!Q#-#*3!+>%.#?2!)#?(>%*"3!(-%+"("%"3!H28"2&2!(!8#H48+(!H4&4H"%&F!L#!>%!

@

top related

“rediscovering the saola” -...
Documents
proposed naples heritage...
Documents
peripheries the agenda - uw.is
Documents
community engagement, heritage, and rediscovering a sense of
Documents
rediscovering americas godly heritage
Documents
rediscovering thematic learning
Documents
andaya - centers and peripheries in maluku.pdf
Documents
rediscovering greatness
Sports
contested peripheries - bryn lee
Documents
rediscovering downtown
Documents
peripheries and mine planning - saimm · peripheries and...
Documents
peripheries 2016
Documents
rediscovering europe
Entertainment & Humor
rediscovering pakistan
Documents
rediscovering spring with spring boot -...
Documents
grabovica trail – rediscovering the natural heritage at...
Documents
rediscovering sephardic catalonia: heritage and the museum...
Documents
rediscovering richmond’s heritage: residential design
Documents
rediscovering roots
Documents
rediscovering god
Documents