cells in action. diffusion movement of particles from areas of high concentration to areas of low...

Cells in Action

• Diffusion• Movement of particles from areas of high

concentration to areas of low concentration• Osmosis• The diffusion of water through a

semipermeable membrane• Semipermeable means only certain

substances can pass through

Permeable

Semipermeable

Nonpermeable

Cell Energy• Photosynthesis• Process by which plants use sunlight to make food• converts carbon dioxide and water into glucose and

oxygen• 6CO₂ + 6H₂O C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

• Cellular Respiration• Process by which plants use oxygen to

produce energy

Sun’s energy

Cell Energy• Photosynthesis

• 6CO₂ + 6H₂O C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

• Cellular Respiration• Process by which plants use oxygen to

produce energy• C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy

Sun’s energy

CO₂ + H ₂O

C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂

ATP

LightEnergy

Photosynthesis

Cellular Respiration

Cell Energy• Fermentation• Bacteria in yeast cause CO₂• This makes bread rise

• Running • Caused by a lack of oxygen• Muscles build up lactic acid• Cause a burning in the muscle

The Cell Cycle• The life of a cell is called the cell cycle• The cycle begins when the cell is

formed• The cycle ends when the cell divides to

form new cells• Prokaryote divide in a process called

binary fission• Eukaryotic cells divide to form two

identical cells in a process called mitosis

The Cell Cycle

• Before dividing DNA is copied• DNA forms into chromosomes• Chromosomes are two exact

copies of the DNA• There are 23 pairs or 46

chromosomes in humans• Potatoes have 24 and 48

The Cell Cycle• Chromosomes are two exact

copies of the DNA• There are 23 pairs or 46

chromosomes in humans• Potatoes have 24 and 48• Ophioglossum reticulatum

has 1,260 chromosomes• Plants cells divide differently because of

their cell wall• The form a plate between the two new

cells