catalyst

Catalyst

1. Draw a free body diagram for a box sliding down a hill.

2. What is the one requirement for an object to be in static equilibrium?

3. On larger planets, weight ___________ while mass _____________. (increases, decreases, stays the same)

4. On planet X, a 30 kg dolphin weighs 100 Newtons. What is the gravity of planet X?

5. Is planet X larger or smaller than Earth?

Catalyst

Use your periodic table!

1. What family is Chlorine (Cl) in?

2. What group and period is Cl in?

3. What orbital (2s, 4p, etc.) is Cl in?

4. Write the orbital configuration (arrows and boxes) for Cl.

5. Would Cl have a higher or lower electronegativity than Li?

6. Would Cl have a larger or smaller atomic size than Li?

Exit Slip

1. What element has the largest ionization energy?a. Lithiumb. Carbonc. Nitrogend. Neon

2. What element has the smallest electron affinity?

a. Potassiumb. Ironc. Zincd. Krypton

Tomorrow’s Quiz

Orbital configuration (boxes and arrows)

Identifying orbitals

Groups and periods

Families

Periodic table trends (from yesterday and today)

Catalyst

1. Which atom has the smaller atomic size, Br or K?

2. Which atom is more electronegative, Ra or Be?

3. Lithium has a _______ atomic size and a ________ electronegativity than Flourine. (larger or smaller?)

Exit Slip

1. What element has the largest atomic radius?a. Flourineb. Hydrogenc. Radond. Caesium

2. What element has the largest electronegativity?

a. Flourineb. Hydrogenc. Radond. Caesium

BY THE END OF TODAY

You should be able to answer this question:

Sodium (Na) has a ______ ionization energy and a ______ electron affinity compared to Fluorine (F).

A. larger; larger B. larger; smaller

C. smaller; smaller D. smaller; larger

Today’s Agenda

5 min

• Catalyst

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Ionization Energy

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Electron Affinity

5 min

• Exit Slip

What is Ionization Energy?

Ionization Energy: the amount of energy it takes to REMOVE an electron from an atom

Fe Fe+ + e-

Which of these atoms would it be HARDEST (most energy required) to remove an electron from? (Think of the mother with her child on the leash.)

Why?

WHY?

It would be hardest to remove an electron from Neon. Look how close the electrons are to the nucleus!

This means that Lithium would have the lowest ionization energy.

It would be easiest to remove an electron from Lithium.

Think Back…

Did atomic size (radius) increase or decrease as you move down a group?

As atomic size increases, does it get harder or easier to remove an electron?

The Trend

Ionization energy decreases as you move down a group, and increases as you move left to right across a period

Is this the same or opposite as atomic size?

Let’s think about Fat Francium…

Would it be hard to steal an electron from Fat Francium?

Does this mean it has a high or low ionization energy?

Anything that is closer to Fat Francium has a lower ionization energy.

Ionization Energy

Which has a higher ionization energy:

Cs or Rn?

Be or Ra?

Practice Problems Level 2

Write and answer in your notes

Rank the following elements in order of increasing ionization energy based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest)

Fr, Zn, S, Au Fr, Au, Zn, S

Today’s Agenda

5 min

• Catalyst

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Ionization Energy

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Electron Affinity

5 min

• Exit Slip

What is electron affinity?

Electron Affinity is the amount of energy released as an electron is added to an element

Fe + e- Fe-

The Trend

Electron affinity decreases as you move down a group, and increases as you move left to right across a period

Electron Affinity Trends

Let’s think about Fat Francium…

Would Fat Francium want you to give him another electron to take care of?

Does this mean it has a high or low electron affinity?

Anything that is closer to Fat Francium has a lower electron affinity.

Electron Affinity

Which has a higher electron affinity:

K or Kr?

N or Bi?

Practice Problems Level 2

Write and answer in your notes

Rank the following elements in order of increasing electron affinity based on location on the periodic table (smallest to biggest)

Fr, Zn, S, Au Fr, Au, Zn, S

How is electron affinity related to ionization energy?

Ionization energy is directly related to electron affinity. (The arrows are the same.)

IONIZATION ENERGY

ELECTRON AFFINITY

As electron affinity increases,

ionization energy increases!

Trends Summary

Electronegativity, ionization energy, and electron affinity arrows all point in the same direction!

Atomic size (radius) is the only one that’s different!

Practice Problem Level 3

Boron (B) has a ______ ionization energy and a ______ electron affinity compared to Oxygen (O).

A. larger; larger B. larger; smaller

C. smaller; smaller D. smaller; larger

GUESS WHO!?

Clues will appear every 10 seconds

The answer will either be a family in the periodic table, or a specific element

The first person to RAISE THEIR HAND and provide the correct answer will receive a piece of candy

GUESS WHO!?

I am a member of the alkali metal family

GUESS WHO!?

I am a member of the alkali metal family

I did not have the most violent reaction with water

GUESS WHO!?

I am a member of the alkali metal family

I did not have the most violent reaction with water

I am located in period 4

GUESS WHO!?

I am a member of the alkali metal family

I did not have the most violent reaction with water

I am located in period 4

WHO AM I?

GUESS WHO!?

I am a member of the alkali metal family

I did not have the most violent reaction with water

I am located in period 4

WHO AM I?

POTASSIUM

GUESS WHO!?

My family is highly reactive

GUESS WHO!?

My family is highly reactive

My family is totally metallic

GUESS WHO!?

My family is highly reactive

My family is totally metallic

My family reacts mostly with the halogens

GUESS WHO!?

My family is highly reactive

My family is totally metallic

My family reacts mostly with the halogens

WHO AM I?

GUESS WHO!?

My family is highly reactive

My family is totally metallic

My family reacts mostly with the halogens

WHO AM I?

ALKALI METALS

GUESS WHO!?

I am a nonmetal

GUESS WHO!?

I am a nonmetal

I am poisonous

GUESS WHO!?

I am a nonmetal

I am poisonous

My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has

GUESS WHO!?

I am a nonmetal

I am poisonous

My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has

WHO AM I?

GUESS WHO!?

I am a nonmetal

I am poisonous

My atomic number = the number of protons Boron (B) has + the number of protons Neon (Ne) has

WHO AM I?

PHOSPHOROUS

GUESS WHO!?

I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

GUESS WHO!?

I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

I am mostly non-metals

GUESS WHO!?

I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

I am mostly non-metals

My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in

GUESS WHO!?

I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

I am mostly non-metals

My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in

WHO AM I?

GUESS WHO!?

I am found a lot in the makeup of our world and bodies

I am mostly non-metals

My family was named after our main star – the stuff we breathe in

WHO AM I?

OXYGEN FAMILY

Today’s Agenda

5 min

• Catalyst

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Atomic Radius

20 min

• Periodic Trends: Electronegativity

5 min

• Exit Slip

Tomorrow’s Quiz

Orbital configuration (boxes and arrows)

Identifying orbitals

Groups and periods

Families

Periodic table trends (from yesterday and today)

Exit Slip

1. What element has the largest ionization energy?a. Lithiumb. Carbonc. Nitrogend. Neon

2. What element has the smallest electron affinity?

a. Potassiumb. Ironc. Zincd. Krypton

Exit Slip

3. True or false: Ionization energy is how easy it is to take electrons away from an element.

4. True or false: The trend arrows for ionization energy and electron affinity are the same.

5. Lithium (Li) has a _______ ionization energy compared to Caesium (Cs).

a. Largerb. Smallerc. Equal