carbohydrate counting

KBN 2014

Carbohydrate Counting

KBN 2014

Starches

15 Grams of Carbohydrate per Serving

KBN 2014

Fruits

15 Grams of Carbohydrate per Serving

KBN 2014

Vegetables

5 grams of Carbohydrate per serving

KBN 2014

Milk

12 Grams of Carbohydrate per Serving

KBN 2014

Fats & Meats

0 Grams of Carbohydrate Unless Breaded or Sweetened

KBN 2014

Summary

StarchesFruitsMilksNon-Starchy VegetablesMeats Fats

1515

12500

KBN 2014

Serving Sizes for Starches 1 slice of bread = 1 serving (15g. Carbohydrate)

½ hotdog or hamburger bun = 1 serving

1/3 cup cooked pasta = 1 serving

Cereals vary rule of thumb for flaked cereal ¾ cup, hot cereal ½ cup

4-6 crackers = 1 serving

1/3 cup rice = 1 serving

KBN 2014

Serving Sizes for Fruits

½ cup juice, canned fruit, or cooked fruit = 1 serving

1/3 cup cranberry or grape juice = 1 serving

1 small piece of raw fruit = 1 serving

1 cup of raw fruit = rule of thumb for 1 serving

KBN 2014

Serving Sizes for Milks

1 cup milk = 1 serving

6oz no sugar added yogurt = 1 serving

The difference between whole milk, 2% milk, 1% milk, and skim milk is the amount of fat that they contain

KBN 2014

Serving Size for Vegetables

½ cup cooked vegetable = 1 serving

½ cup vegetable juice = 1 serving

1 cup raw vegetable = 1 serving

KBN 2014

Serving Sizes for Meats

Usually 2-3 ounces at meals

1oz meat = 1 egg

1oz meat = 1 oz cheese

1oz meat = ¼ cup cottage cheese or tuna

1oz meat = 2 tablespoons of peanut butter

½ cup dried beans count as both an ounce of meat and a starch

KBN 2014

Serving Sizes for Fats

1 tsp of margarine or butter = 1 serving

1 slice of bacon = 1 serving

1 tsp of oil = 1 serving

1 tsp of mayonnaise = 1 serving

1 Tbs of salad dressing = 1 servingOIL

KBN 2014

Best Place to get Nutritional Information about a Product?

The food label

KBN 2014

Reading Labels1. Serving Size: information is for one

serving

2. Calories: a key for weight loss

3. Total fat: low-fat is less than 3 grams of fat per 100 calories

4. Total carbohydrate: including sugar, starch, fiber, and other

1

2

3

4

KBN 2014

Carb Counting PracticeHam Sandwich ___1 cup Raw Carrots ___Small Bag Chips ___Carton 2% Milk ___Small Apple ___

Total ___

Chips

KBN 2014

Carb Counting PracticeHam Sandwich ___1 cup Raw Carrots ___Small Bag Chips ___Carton 2% Milk ___Small Apple ___

Total ___

Chips

30 5151215

77

KBN 2014

Insulin to Carb RatioO Amount of insulin needed to cover a certain amount of

carbohydrate

O Example: 1 unit of insulin for every 15 grams of carbohydrate

O So for something 30 grams you would give 2 units of insulin

KBN 2014

Correction Factor

O A specified amount of insulin for specified mg./dL above target blood sugar.

O Example 1 unit of insulin for every 50 mg/dL above 150mg/dL

Back to Our Example• Carbohydrates 77

• Blood Sugar 209

• Insulin to Carbohydrate ratio 1 unit for every 15grams

• Corrective Factor 1 unit for every 50mg/dL above 120mg/dL

KBN 2014

KBN 2014

5 units for carbohydrates and 1 unit for correction factor of 6 units

May administer 0.5 unit if the insulin pen administers 0.5 unit doses . Total dose of insulin is 6.0-6.5 units

May administer 0.1 units of insulin if using insulin pump. TOTAL dose is 6.3 units of insulin.

Know Student’s Doctor’s Orders!!!!

How Much Insulin?

÷ =

Carb Factor Total Carbohydrates Carb Insulin Units

- = ÷ =

Blood Sugar Target Blood Sugar Correction Factor Hyperglycemia Insulin Units

Ketones? When BG is Small Moderate Large Over 250

+ +

Ketone Supplement

=

TOTAL INSULIN

KBN 2014

77

209 150

15

5059

5.13

1.18

5.13

1.18

6.31