ca theory (transfer claim l1-l2) applied to morphological paradigms ) phonology to morphology...
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CA THEORY (Transfer Claim L1-L2)
applied to MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS)
Phonology to morphologyContrastive analysis in morphologicalconstructions in English and Spanish
COURSE: INGL 4235
PROF. ANÍBAL MUÑOZ CLAUDIO
TUESDAYS & THURSDAYS
3:00-4:20 P.M. ROOM: LCS 101
www1.uprh.edu/animun (YOU CAN ALWAYS FIND PPP’S HERE!)
CA THEORY (Transfer Claim L1-L2)
applied to MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS)
• NOUN PHRASES
• ADJECTIVE AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES (COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES)
• VERB PHRASES a. infinitive and gerund forms
b. transitive verbs (regular and irregular)
c. CA considerations in paradigms when conjugating
d. modals
Example of a sentence
• The beautiful girl was wearing a hat. NP VP NP
det. Adj. N aux. V. det. N
Noun Phrases
• A noun phrase is made up of any of the following combinations:
• N=noun (or personal pronoun)
• Det + N =determiner + noun (a, an, the, this, that, these, those, possessives,numbers and quantifiers,
indefinite
• Det. + adj. +N. determiner/adjective/noun
NOUN PHRASES
ENGLISH
hat
SPANISH
sombrero
hats sombreros
the hat
the hats
el sombrero
los sombreros
Morphemes of
Number & gender
Morphemes of number and gender fit the paradigms
in Spanish determinersdeterminers
Noun phrases paradigmsThe
hats
These
Those
My
Your
Some
few
Several
Many
Our
Both
los
sombreros
estosaquellos / esos
mis
tus
algunos
pocos
varios
muchos
nuestros
ambos
English Spanish
What about her hat and his hat?
• her hat el sombrero de ella
• his hat el sombrero de él
• their hat el sombrero de ellos (as)
• her hats los sombreros de ella
• his hats los sombreros de él
• their hats los sombreros de ellas (os)
Practice exercises
girl
Practice exercises
girls
Practice exercises
beautiful girl
Practice with the following sentence in English and Spanish!
• Divide the sentence by its constituents (NPs, VP’s).• Indicate all the morphemes found (inflectional
and/or derivational paradigms).• Construct the morphological paradigms for each
constituent.• Find the differences between the two languages
Jimmy’s friend studied for his English exam.
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE FORMS
English sentences:
Liza is a tall girl.
Martha is taller than Liza.
Sandra is the tallest girl.
Sandra is intelligent.
Liza is more intelligent than Sandra.
Martha is the most intelligent girl.
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE AND SUPERLATIVE
FORMS
Spanish sentencesLiza es una niña alta.Martha es más alta que Liza.Sandra es la más alta (la niña más alta).Sandra es inteligente.Liza es más inteligente que Sandra.Martha es la más inteligente de las tres.
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE FORMS
ENGLISH
(one syllable / true adjectives*)
SPANISH
tall - taller alto –más alto
cold -colder frio –más frio
big -bigger grande –más grande
old -older viejo –más viejo
young -younger joven –más joven
Morphemes
er /más
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE FORMS
ENGLISH(two or more than one syllable)
SPANISH
intelligent –more intelligent – más inteligente
important –more important -más importante
beautiful –more beautiful –más hermoso (a)
powerful –more powerful –más poderoso (a)
expensive –more expensive -más caro (a)
Morphemes
more más
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN COMPARATIVE FORMS
ENGLISH(two syllables ending in Y)
SPANISH
ugly –uglier – más feo (a)
pretty -prettier -más hermoso (a)
heavy -heavier –más pesado (a)
friendly -friendlier –más amigable
hungry -hungrier -más hambriento (a)
Morphemes
er más
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN SUPERLATIVE FORMS
ENGLISH(one syllable adjectives)
SPANISH
tall –the tallest – lo más alto
strong –the strongest -la más fuerte
slow – the slowest –el más lento
fast –the fastest –la más rápida
dark –the darkest -lo más oscuro
Morphemes
est lo/el/la
más
ADJECTIVAL AND ADVERBIAL PHRASES
MORPHOLOGICAL PARADIGMS IN SUPERLATIVE FORMS
ENGLISH(two or more syllables adjectives)
SPANISH
the most dangerous – lo más peligroso
the most interesting -el más interesante
the most ridiculous –el más ridículo
the most talkative –la más habladora
the most conservative -lo más conservador
Morphemes
the most lo/el/la
más
Practice exercises1. Provide the comparative and superlative form
for the following words in both English and Spanish:
ENGLISH COMP. SUPER. SPANISH COMP. SUPER.
dry
crazy
smart
arrogant
good
bad
boring
tough
soft
Practice exercises cont. Using the information provided, construct sentences to
indicate the morphological paradigms of comparative and superlative forms in both English and Spanish. Explain the morphological and syntactical differences.
Det. N VP det. qual. Adj. conj. NP
The BMW is a very expensive car.
The Porsche is more expensive than the BMW.
The Viper is the most expensive car.
Example: BMW =40,000 / Porsche = 50,000 / Viper =70,000
Information
1. Math / Chemistry / Physics (difficult courses)
2. Thailand / Egypt / China (exotic countries)
3. Halloween / Scream / Nightmare on Elm Street (scary movies)
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