c2p: new school discipline data - northeastern universitymatt cregor staff attorney mental health...

M A T T C R E G O R S T A F F A T T O R N E Y

M E N T A L H E A L T H L E G A L A D V I S O R S C O M M I T T E E

N o r t h e a s t e r nN o v e m b e r 1 , 2 0 1 9

C2P: New School Discipline Data

Not Measuring Up: Discipline before 222

Key Findings:� 64% of out-of-school

suspensions were for “non-violent, non-criminal, non-drug related behavior”

� The greatest racial disparities in suspension were for this minor offense

Disciplinary Rates by Race: 2012-13

� Disparity between Black students and White students: slightly larger than national average.

� Disparity between Latino students and White students: double the national average.

Massachusetts: Chapter 222

Law establishes:¡ Greater due process protections

for parents to participate in disciplinary hearings, even for short-term suspensions.

¡ That schools exercise discretion in deciding consequences and try alternatives to suspension before imposing long-term suspensions

¡ Data collection on, and accountability for, disciplinary rates and disparities

¡ The right to make academic progress even during exclusionary discipline

Early Results

� Rates came down by every demographic in 2014-15 (race, gender, socioeconomic status, English learner status, disability status)

� Most significant reductions were for Black and Latino students

� But…

But…

� Progress has plateaued� Continued high rates at

charters and some traditional public schools

� Expected under-reporting of emergency removals

� Concern over unreported suspensions

MA Discipline Data: Strengths & Weaknesses

� Strengths:¡ Annual¡ By school and district¡ Disaggregated ¡ By offense¡ Includes “days lost to

discipline”

� Weaknesses:¡ Self-reported¡ Unreported suspensions¡ Not by grade level¡ Not cross-tabulated

What is Cross-Tabulation?

� Allows us to look at our students overlapping identities.

� Not just discipline rates:¡ By race¡ By gender¡ By disability, etc.

� But, discipline rates by race, gender, and disability� E.g., discipline rates of Black female students with

disabilities

What MA Data is Cross-Tabulable?

� The federal Every Student Succeeds Act requires Massachusetts to report cross-tabulable data for:¡ Attendance¡ Achievement, and¡ Graduation Rates

� MA H.B. 432 would require cross-tabulation for all major state education data collections

� As DESE moves to comply with ESSA’s requirements, it is cross-tabulating discipline data as well.

MA Discipline Rate by Demographic 17-18

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09

All ELL SES SWD F M

Discipline Rate by Demographic

Discipline Rate byDemographicDiscipline Rate

00.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09

All NA A B L Multi W

Discipline Rate by Race

Discipline Rate byRace Discipline Rate

MA Economically Disadvantaged Students w/ Disabilities

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

SWD, SES F, SWD, SES M, SWD, SES

Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Gender

Discipline Per 100

MA Economically Disadvantaged Students w/ Disabilities by Race

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

SWD, SES W, SWD,SES

B, SWD,SES

L, SWD,SES

A, SWD,SES

NA, SWD,SES

Multi, SWD,SES

Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Race

Discipline Rate: SWD, SES, Race Discipline Per100

MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability

0.11

0.143

0.042

0.073

0.0899

0.127

0.018

0.028

0.073

0.109

0.066

0.111

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

B, M B, M,SWD

W, M W, M,SWD

L, M L, M,SWD

A, M A, M,SWD

NA, M NA, M,SWD

Multi,M

Multi,M,

SWD

Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate

MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability

0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

B, F B, F,SWD

W, F W, F,SWD

L, F L, F,SWD

A, F A, F,SWD

NA, F NA, F,SWD

Multi, F Multi,F, SWD

Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability

Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate

MA Discipline Rates: Race, Gender & Disability

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0.16

B, M,SWD

L, M,SWD

Multi, M,SWD

NA, M,SWD

NA, F,SWD

B, F, SWD L, F, SWD W, M,SWD

Multi, F,SWD

Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, and Disability Rate

Discipline Rates by Race, Gender, andDisability Rate

Highlights(?) from Dan Losen’s 25%+ Club

� Traditional Districts:¡ Black Male Students with Disabilities in Framingham: 26%¡ Multi-Race, Econ. Disad. Male Students in Holyoke: 38%¡ Multi-Race, Male Students with Dis. in Pittsfield: 32%¡ Black Econ. Disad. Students in Plymouth: 28%¡ Multi-Race, Male Students with Dis. in Wareham: 44%¡ Multi-Race, Econ. Disad. with Dis. in Worcester: 27%

� Charter Schools:¡ Black Students with Disabilities at Bridge Boston: 30%¡ Latino Male Students with Disabilities at Brooke: 30%¡ Black Male English Learners at KIPP Lynn: 43%

What’s Next?

� What questions do you want answered with this data?

� How should we visualize this data?

Who is welcome in our schools?

Contact Information

Matt CregorStaff Attorney

Mental Health Legal Advisors Committeemcregor@mhlac.org