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A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 11:Chapter 11:
Sex and GenderSex and Gender
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 2
““males’ and females’ unequal access to males’ and females’ unequal access to
property, power, and prestige.”property, power, and prestige.”
What is Gender Stratification?
What is Gender Stratification?
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 3
Sex - Biological CharacteristicsSex - Biological Characteristics
Female and MaleFemale and Male
Primary and Secondary Primary and Secondary
Sexual CharacteristicsSexual Characteristics
Issues of Sex and GenderIssues of Sex and Gender
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 4
Gender - Social CharacteristicsGender - Social Characteristics
Masculinity and FemininityMasculinity and Femininity
Appropriate BehaviorAppropriate Behavior
Issues of Sex and GenderIssues of Sex and Gender
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 5
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 6
Dominant Position in SociologyDominant Position in Sociology
Social Factors Primary, Not BiologicalSocial Factors Primary, Not Biological
If Biological Should Be Less VariationIf Biological Should Be Less Variation
Gender Differences In Behavior
Biology or Culture?
Gender Differences In Behavior
Biology or Culture?
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 7
Opening the Door to BiologyOpening the Door to Biology
Nature vs. NurtureNature vs. Nurture
A Medical AccidentA Medical Accident
Vietnam Veteran StudyVietnam Veteran Study
Gender Differences In Behavior
Biology or Culture?
Gender Differences In Behavior
Biology or Culture?
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 8
How Females became a Minority GroupHow Females became a Minority Group
The Origins of PatriarchyThe Origins of Patriarchy
Sex Typing of WorkSex Typing of Work
Gender and Prestige of WorkGender and Prestige of Work
Gender and Inequality in Global Perspective
Gender and Inequality in Global Perspective
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 9
Other Areas of Global DiscriminationOther Areas of Global Discrimination
Global Gap in EducationGlobal Gap in Education
Global Gap in PoliticsGlobal Gap in Politics
Global Gap in Pay Global Gap in Pay
Violence Against WomenViolence Against Women
Gender and Inequality in Global Perspective
Gender and Inequality in Global Perspective
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 10
Fighting Back: The Rise of FeminismFighting Back: The Rise of Feminism
First Wave—Early 1900sFirst Wave—Early 1900s
Second Wave Began 1960sSecond Wave Began 1960s
Third Wave Emerging NowThird Wave Emerging Now
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 11
Gender Inequality in Health CareGender Inequality in Health Care
Gender Inequality in EducationGender Inequality in Education
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 12
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 13
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 14
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 15
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 16
Gender Inequality in Everyday LifeGender Inequality in Everyday Life
Devaluation of the FeminineDevaluation of the Feminine
Gender and ConversationGender and Conversation
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Gender Inequality in the U.S.
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 17
The Pay GapThe Pay Gap
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 18
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 19
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 20
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 21
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 22
The Glass EscalatorThe Glass Escalator
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
The Pay GapThe Pay Gap
Cracking the Glass CeilingCracking the Glass Ceiling
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 23
Gender and Control of WorkersGender and Control of Workers
Sexual Harassment and WorseSexual Harassment and Worse
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Gender Inequality in the Workplace
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 24
Violence Against WomenViolence Against Women
Forcible RapeForcible Rape
Date (Acquaintance) RapeDate (Acquaintance) Rape
MurderMurder
Violence in the HomeViolence in the Home
Women and Criminal Justice SystemWomen and Criminal Justice System
Gender and ViolenceGender and Violence
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 25
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 26
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 27
Feminism and Gendered ViolenceFeminism and Gendered Violence Symbolic InteractionistsSymbolic Interactionists
Association of Strength, Association of Strength, Virility, and ViolenceVirility, and Violence
Conflict TheoryConflict Theory Men Losing Power, Men Losing Power,
Reassert Through ViolenceReassert Through Violence SolutionsSolutions
Gender and ViolenceGender and Violence
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 28
Women Majority in PopulationWomen Majority in Population
Women Underrepresented in Women Underrepresented in
GovernmentGovernment
Women Underrepresented in Law Women Underrepresented in Law
and Business Careersand Business Careers
Changing Face of PoliticsChanging Face of Politics
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 29
Chapter 11: Sex and GenderCopyright © Allyn & Bacon 2008 30
Barriers Coming DownBarriers Coming Down
Abandoning StereotypesAbandoning Stereotypes
New ConsciousnessNew Consciousness
Glimpsing the Future - With Hope
Glimpsing the Future - With Hope
A Down-to-Earth Approach 9/eA Down-to-Earth Approach 9/e
Chapter 11:Chapter 11:
Sex and GenderSex and Gender
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