c 2009, the world bank group. all rights reserved. mobile phone technology to empower citizens to...

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Mobile Phone Technology

to empower citizens to support better governance

Boris Weber, September 16, 2009

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From Coffee …

… to Data Collection with Cell Phones

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• B

??

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Workshops

Networking

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• B

Réseau GACNetwork of Civil Society Organizations from Network of Civil Society Organizations from Francophone AfricaFrancophone Africa

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IT Coordinator CollectiveX

Frontline SMS

National representation of

Reseau GAC(Focal point per

country)

Coordinator Political

Governance

CoordinatorSocial

Governance

CoordinatorStrategy andDevelopment

CoordinatorExternal Relations

CoordinatorLocal Governance

Coordinator Economic

governance

ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE OF RESEAU GAC

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• B

Frontline SMS

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SMS-based:

•Exchange - communicate

•Survey - set priorities

•Vote - decide quickly as a group

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Who should represent us at GAC Conf.?

a)Cléophasb)Etiennec)Alioud)Théodule

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+•Instant access•Great communication / voting tool as a complement to web-platform•Facilitate network across thousands of miles•Works well in Fragile States–•One Administrator – weak link•A tool that allows for joint administration through the web could be more sustainable

Lessons learned:

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Networking

Mobile Phone Technology to Empower Citizens to Support better Governance

Service User Feedback

Participatory Budgeting

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1. Establishment of Steering Committee

2. Diagnostic surveys + analysis

3. Draft of the National Anti-Corruption Strategy

4. Public dissemination + discussion

5. Revision of the National Anti Corruption Strategy

6. Implementation by Government

7. Monitoring and Evaluation of Anti-Corruption Strategy

WB

I T

ech

nica

l Ass

ista

nce

WBI’s GAC diagnostic process

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Citizen Report Cards (CRC)

• Participatory surveys on user satisfaction with public service delivery

• Adapted from private sector experiences with measuring client satisfaction

• More than empirical data collection:o Citizens “signal” agencies about their

performance and pressure for changeo Media and civil society accompany the

measurement processo Short route of accountability

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Source: World Development Report 2004, “Making services work for Poor People”.

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PublicService

?

PublicService

Citizen Report Cards (CRC)

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Citizen Report Cards in Bangalore, India

Source: Public Affairs Center, India

5 6 49

25

1

14

4147

42

67

34 34

16

32 32

73

94

73

92

7378

8596

77

n/a n/a0

1020

3040

50

6070

8090

100

City co

uncil

Electrici

ty

Water s

upply

Telephones

Public hosp

itals

Police

Land auth

ority

Public buse

s

Transport

authorit

y

Agencies

Serv

ice

user

s “s

atisfi

ed”

in %

1994 1999 2003

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Challenges:

• Often one-off exercise

• Requires a strong organization that takes responsibility and monitors process

• Costly to repeat

17

Citizen Report Cards (CRC)

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• B

AAdvantages:

• Automated process

• Real-time information

• Less prone to data corruption

• Cost-effective

• Sustainable

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“The slim guy Eguren listens to you and gives you an answer”

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PublicService

Web: database & analysis

Govern-ment

Voice

SMS

Civil Society

Service Provider

Web

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Please call:

+1XXX – XXX - XXXX

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• B>4 billion

users

Source: ITU World Telecommunication/ ICT indicators database

>65% in developing countries

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• B

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Total PerúUcayali

TumbesTacna

San MartínPunoPiuraPasco

MoqueguaMadre de …

LoretoLima y CallaoLambayeque

La LibertadJunín

IcaHuánuco

HuancavelicaCusco

CajamarcaAyacuchoArequipaApurimac

AncashAmazonas

Cell Phone Lines Per 100 Citizens

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• B

A

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Total Perú

Ucayali

Tumbes

Tacna

San Martín

Puno

Piura

Pasco

Moquegua

Madre de Dios

Loreto

Lima y Callao

Lambayeque

La Libertad

Junín

Ica

Huánuco

Huancavelica

Cusco

Cajamarca

Ayacucho

Arequipa

Apurimac

Ancash

Amazonas

Growth in % from 2007 to 2008

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Income Group

Monthly basket of internet use

Monthly basket of mobile use

Broadband Prices

USD % monthly per capita income

USD % monthly per capita income

USD per 100 kbit/s

% monthly per capita income

High $22 0.9 $15 0.7 $16 2.1

Upper-middle $22 4.9 $12 2.6 $19 4.9

Lower-middle $24 19.7 $11 7.6 $93 71.8

Low $44 172.0 $13 54.9 $186 909.0

World $29 55.2 $13 18.3 $72 225.1

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Mobile phone technologyAdvantages:

•Lowest gender gap of all ICT tools

•Increasingly inclusive of the poor

•Reaches illiterates

•Impressive infrastructure in Fragile States

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It’s for real

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Social Accountability

CivicEngagement

CivicEngagement

Participatory

Budgeting

Independent

Budget Analysis

PETSCitizen Report Cards

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Networking

Mobile Phone Technology to Empower Citizens to Support better Governance

Service User Feedback

Participatory Budgeting

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Playground, Santo Andre

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Participatory Budget Porto Alegre

32

Citizens Delegates Councilors

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Porto Alegre

34

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Caxias do Sul (2002)Public Assemblies Voted: Public Works and Services

Priories:

1st Improvements in Street Networks2nd Education3rd Sanitation4th Health5th Sport and Leisure6th Culture7th Transportation8th Housing9th Public Services10th Agriculture Policy11th Water and Sewerage 

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Networking

Mobile Phone Technology to Empower Citizens to Support better Governance

Monitoring and Expenditure Tracking

Polling System

Public Sector Performance

Other:

Service User Feedback

Participatory Budgeting

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WBI’s Innovation Practice

39

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Timeline

WBI Innovation Radar

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Your vote

http://surveys.plumvoice.com

41

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Boris Weberbweber1@worldbank.org

Alfredo Gonzalez Briseñoagonzalezb@worldbank.org

World Bank Institute – Governancehttp://www.worldbank.org/wbi/governance

Governance Matters Bloghttp://governanceblog.worldbank.org