by rini agustin. introduction radioctive and how radioactive is produced : atom, radioactivity and...

By Rini Agustin

Introduction Radioctive and How radioactive is

produced : atom, radioactivity and radioactive decay

Radiopharmaceutical preparation Label compound Kit radiopharmacy Quality control of radiopharmaceutical Protection of Radiation Clinical application of radiopharmaceuical in

organ system of body

Radio Pharmacy (2 SKS)

Saha.B.Gopal,( 2004), Fundamentals of Nuclear Pharmacy, fifth ed, New York.

Anonym ( 1994), Dep Kes RI, Farmakope Indonesia, ed IV

European Association of Nuclear Medicine, The Radiopharmacy : A technology Guide

cGRPP-guidelines, version2 March 2007,EANM Radiopharmacy Committee, Guidelines On Current Good Radiopharmacy Practice (Cgrpp) In The Preparation of Radiopharmaceuticals

Trefoil first appeared in 1946

SRA plus syndroma kutanius Chernobyl

An accident in Radiography industry, in Yanango, Lima PERUIr-192 (37 Ci / 1,37 TBq), 20 Feb. 1999

What is on your mind if you hear radioactive ?

Radioactive/radioisotope is unstable isotope which are distinguishable by radioactive transformation.

Isotope of an atom have the same number of protons (atomic number), but a different number of neutrons.

nucleus:

neutron

protonnucleon

XZ

A A = mass number

= proton + netron

Z = atomic number

Do you know radioactive?

Radioactivity: the process in which an unstable isotope undergoes changes until a stable state is reached and in the transformation emits energy in the form of radiation (alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays).

Radiation refers to particles or waves coming from the nucleus of the atom (radioisotope or radionuclide) through which the atom attempts to attain a more stable configuration.

1- Natural radioactivity: Nuclear reactions occur spontaneously (cosmic radiation, water, solar radiation, terrestrial

radionuclides))

Radiation have used in health, Industry, Agriculture, Army, Power supply, Chemistry and nuclear medicineIn Health : RadiopharmaceuticalsIndustry : Cs-137, Co-60, Ir-192 for radiography, Logging dan Gauging (Cs 137 & Co-60).Agronomy : P-32, for fertilizer.Army: Th-237, Cs-137Nuclear medicine : organ Imaging , Gamma Camera, MRI

Radioactive is not always something that we affraid of it, but it is also helpfull to human life

A radiopharmaceutical (Radiopharmacy) is

a radioactive compound used for the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of human diseases

( Melichart, saha )

Radiopharmaceuticals

In Nuclear Medicine - in the form of diagnostics, treatment, reasearch and

clinical trials. Radiopharmacy = Nuclear Pharmacy medicinal products for use in diagnosis and therapy =

radiopharmaceuticals

Sagital

Barium swallow – examination of upper GI tract Non-imaging diagnostics

Radioactive Isotope labelling for tracing i.e. More specific tests for thyroid function, renal function

and vitamin adsorption. used in tracer techniques for measuring physiological

parameters (e.g. 51 Cr-EDTA for measuring glomerular filtration rate).

Radiopharmaceuticals for diagnostic imaging

(e.g.99m TC-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) used in bone scanning, Non-osseus uptake Tc-99m MDP : Pulmonary Carcinoma).

Chromic phosphate P32 for lung, ovarian, uterine, and

prostate cancers

Sodium iodide I 131 for thyroid cancer

Samarium Sm 153 for cancerous bone tissue

Sodium phosphate P 32 for cancerous bone tissue and other

types of cancers

Strontium chloride Sr 89 for cancerous bone tissue

Palliative treatment - refers to the management of symptoms

when the underlying disease is untreatable or terminal.

Radiotherapy may aid in prolonging the life of dying patients.

The use of Radioactive in clinical application : in

nuclear medicine and radiopharmacy, medicinal

products used for diagnostic and therapy

It require very specialist radioactive substances, A

specialist discipline, “Specials” licensure, specialist

knowledge and skill