~:bur.!~,u:0fre~lam,,~ '~ ~,'~ bydrauli c dabob a'i… · ~,'~ bydrauli c dabob...
Post on 10-Aug-2018
213 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
~.% ! . . . . " ' " : _ ~:BUR.!~,U:0FRE~LAM,,~ [ O N '~" ~,'~ BYDRAULI C DABOB A'I'0}]Y
I~0T/TO. ~ BE ~BE~OVED FROM F~7~ ~. • , <%
) .
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Bb'REAU DF ~qECLA~TION
]:k~ ./i" I :": Memor
~BAC~C~;ATER ",INVEST!GAT!ONS
~COLUM~IA~RI~ RES~VOIE
W° M. BOP&/~ID, ~'.~SOCIATE N ' I ~ I N ~
* .R. -A ~GOODPASTURE, ASSISTANT :.~IGI]~E~
m M
Denver, ,:Colorado, ~ 1940. ~May 2~,
4~
-N-
4~
°
I
. . . . . [,
,r
i -i
k • , '¸• • k
,~t ¸
PREFACE /~02' ~ 0 ' ~ " - .... 'l'OI~y
E f~VOVl~D t , "
The investigations on.the backwater effects of the Grand Coulee Dam were made by the Bureau of Reclamation at i Grar" Coulee, Washington, and'Denver, Colorado. ~The backwater were made under the direction :of D. C. McConaughy,/Senior ~.-:i, neer, by W. M. Borland, Associate !:Engineer. The hydraulic ~model of the Little Dalles was constructed and~tested under !the super- vision of R, A. Goodpasture, :Assistant Engineer, bydirection of J. E. Warnock, Engineer.
These investigations were made under the general ~ supervision of d. L. Savage, Chief;Designing Enjineer. All engineerinz vmrk of the Bureau of l{eclamat~on is under the direction Of i R, FF, • Walter, Chief:Eng'ineer, and all activities;of the Bureau are un- der the direction of J. C. Page, Commissioner.
~V
r
Denver, Colorado, May24,,1940.
MEL[OR'~DUM ~ TO ~THE CHIEF DESIGNING ::ENGIN~X~ (W. M.:Borland and :R. A. Geodpasture)
Subject . Inves t iga t ions of: back~'~ater :Sf: : the Cblumbi~ iRiver Reservoir.
i. Introduction. ated on :the Columbia River •about ~ iSO miles ~::dovaustream :, from ,the:Canadian boundary will, When Completed, ~formT~a~:vast ~lake which may rise as: high as elevatio: elevations, a small r- national Boundary. i The:'investigations i presented in'this ,~report were made to determine.the, backw, ater c. Onditions :along ~ the. Upper
channel :im- reaches:of~the:reservoir and develop somepiano" = " provement to relieve the excessive:bac~,~ater.-, along the~railroad . ...... ' and at the International Boundary.
!2,,, ~:Field::data. Major=observation:stations ~were established a • c~ itlcal points where: water surface elevations have bee., ~ oossrved, especi~ at flood.stages,~since:~/arch~i1930. ~ These obserVations were made by: the Geolo ~ icai'Surve . and Cor "Of: ~ineer , , ~ . y, p~ Eng s, ~In.19S2 - the Domlnlon ,Water .-and ~ Power :Bureau ~ cooperated ::withi the Geological :Survey !in: taking observations and this! program!, has =beenilcOntinued to the present time. i~In ~19S5, S~veral additional obser~tion ,sta- tions were established,by~thei Bureau,~of "Reclamation a ~to- tal:! of 17 stat ions:: betwecn Kettle~ F~S ,:and i ~ the ibou ig~re il).. ~i S°undi~__g: of various : river '-cross i':sections were ~ mado::by , the
additional: soD/q~lat i, the Little. Dallcs:and at '~the International Boundary, A! total:of,'41 river~: cross :soctions~ are available along ~,.the!:upper,, and of: the~ reservoir:where they: ,~'erc :most ~ needed ::in ~the backwater Computations. -
.~ser% the Lmajor::ob-
_ . .... : ~-- - --- .......... o .................. arges ~!ranging
on ~ the Columbia ?River. The tributaries ~of the Col~nbia-.~iver be- tween the mouth of the Kettle River ::and • the Clark :~ Fork ::River :are
V~
'•4•
o . . . . . . . . . . ' i' il . . . . . . . . .
all very small and do~ not materiallyaffect the flow: so that the discharge obtained in the above manner is applicable throu~h- out~ the, reach~being~studied. This dlscharge'was checked by add' ing~ the flow of the i Columbia~River ias determined: abiTrail, British ~ Columbia, to ~the~flow of the ~C]
S. Analysis'of!field!data. With~ surface elevations, c~id'the~ river cross~ roughness coefficie: ed between observation
roughness coeffiC±, face elevation,~for observation ~statioz feet. These~curve~ with :-the r.id ofl.me~ mated, as 650,000~.s~ to vary v,~t~ eat- er them :400, disch~2'e cu ~vere in ~re of~n ~as usually ~ " ~: . . . . . . . ~'~ ~ " ' zound ...to ~decreasc~~,~th an: ~ncrease ~u'.the dis- chm'~c or stage of~tho r~vcr. ~ With-c~y b~cl~vater~s~age~a~ new: ~ n for ~z~r reach is determined iTrom the n versus average~'~ater sur- face elevation curve. ~This coefficient ~is designated as ,~the ~ back- water n ~wh~le the coefficient obtained, [ assuming variation only with the-discharge, was ~ designated~as-the natural n.
• • Bac~vaten ~caiculations, ~Two ~:types of • baci~ater: curves were calculated, one assuming n to ~vary only v~ith the discharge (natural: n), , stage (bac~'~'at er n) s ~ ~
j,-
baclo';ator conditions ~ is w h e n ~, • quiteilarge ' I
average v~ater~ surface elevation curve. I~ correct bac~,Tator curve should lia bct~eez with natural ~Lnd~back~iater coefficients. ~In~:tho~inter~st~of con- serw..tism, the bac~;'ater . . . . . curves for~ the :upper :ond~of ~eservoir were com~,uted by usinA" n~ u~..1 coeffic ~t ~ ;ienbs, a n d l a r e as~the basis Tor~ future comparisons, i
Kutter!s formula for computing~ the value of~C~in the Chezy formula has: en30yed v~der nse-th~u }Lm~ningts ana, was used for the ,bacl~ater comput~.tions, except • below the Little Dalles, v;here,
i I • i/ "i ~ ~i ~.
- due to, the /~radiont, - ener serv
the! fro~ and with
~th ~'l)
~nergy rearer
3-
Q
where the :railr0a8 • suffer ~additional at i~ the ~ boundary ~ for hi
u ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
if of a distance ~,of ~2~500/feeti feet withthe reservoir water surface: at :elevation 129000: ~there ~-~uld be:a ]~head i 10ss of 15,5 :feet • through these.~rapids ,!(flgure ,~S), Chann@l ~ improvement at ithis location ~would bel effective ~in .... reducing energy losses at~ both natural:~ and ~back~'~-ater ~flow Con- :~ all%ions, beLittle Dalles Is shovn~ in:'figura 4. ~ ~
6. Nodel studies :of the~ Little D~
.4-~4-,~,a•~ 4-,. " ~ ' ~ " ~ L ~ 4 ~ I ~ A
that iwhen: natural-flow i conditions ~were ,reProduced at the the Little D~_lles, ~the~ npstream~ tea ....... j well'~ ~v, ith those iobtained~! from th ~6).
13 r
,Aft er~the model ~h flow+.Condi~ions, ~+bac~ at + elevation +1290- 0 ,we rating ++curve as ~comput end of. the iLittle .~ D/ll. resul~ing ~+water ~surfac~ Dall~s +were, observe'd + (~ the Little ~Dalles -, !using bac~vater +~coef .......
+.
~ ive~ Slightly +~lower m~watez O0; 000s e cond-fe et i.than'. dis charges, ,the' ~i~model ~,ga~ one The ~'dis c greater than! 5 Da fa
+tlS
~ir
e
justified.+~ ~ ~++
r ~
complished }above low-v~ater ~I¢ excava~1on+nou~ ~+'int ~ ~he "reservoir'~reach
£ • + - +
- + The • charmel improveme lydraulic mddel ~.were +~the simul+~ted rock • made. in steps + by. removi~
t h a t :. n o t i c e a b l y ~ d i s t n r b e d . f low condi t
was :made' with ~ the ~large + rock ~iSland - Dalles ~removed +.~o no additionalimp ~ation 1250~0~ .+~A
• +,:~
• + V . plan ~restored ~ natural-flow condltlons ~abo e ~tl s e c ona,i eet +for ~ r es erv( a disch.~rge ofi597,000 L+
Above + a,:discharze !of 400,000~ second-feet, %he + lower ~ than. with natural • channel flow~ ~.
• 7. Analys~s :.o£ ~,excavation~studies. ::After :+a ::satisfactory e ..... -+~ ~ , +,had'been +evolved '~-iit ~ e wheth-
er additional :excavation ,would~be jus %he amount ~of <excavation ~ for each ~excavatl _ ageinst
= ~ + , + the ~corres~ndi~_~ ~ischarge at ~which nat'Jral ~+conditions +were ~re-. . ,+
stored upstremm ~and by ~loga- ~
rithmic ~ PlotZing ..~fi ~natural rating curve at ~gage ~ll ~with <the ~backwater ~rAting~ctu-ve ~at gage 13~ (fa~e 7~)~shows !that .no ~amount i bf-excavation ~v~ould~restore ~ natural conditions
approz/mat ely e? o~ 000 ~ cubib .~'yards of ' addi~ional~!excavation would be ire~Uiredlto ~eproduce !natural,~con~itions.'.at a~discharge ~of 350,000 ~second-feet ~ iPlan ' 5 :is ~:ac~c . . . . : :,
8, Bac~.~ater ~with .improved ~ch that ~hile ~the .. recommended : channel impr ovement ~wo~ld ~res~ore ~natural- flow~ conditions at i the hsad Of the LitZle ~:~Dalles ~or ;a discharge "of 1400,000 second-feet, som~ .~ined for all '~larger ~floods, Th- Little ~Dalles, but' ~ou'id S
S,~ :fiA~re ?ii. ~These ~comou
this curve no ! back~;'at follo~ing ~.
face ~at elevation 1290;0. • / !D • ."
"L
"C
rL k
r
r
1
.f7
~i ' ",i:, '¸ '!:¸ (
i:!).
BACKV;AT~FV~R ELEVATIONS AT ~INT~d~ATION~/L
. ' D i s c h a r g e ! : ~ a t u ~ a l , , : :" #l
_ _ _ C o n d i ~ - ; o n S i'
Figu~.e~in'.:parent-heses iindicates ba( ff iminus.
6
Z':
Z
: i : t~29$,.,~s
" . i 1 , 2 9 9 ; 0 2 : " - , ,i
' ~ , i " . ] - ~ , ) .
,: ~: :I,5S4.91'. i :
• ii ̧
C
¸7- : ¸
[ ,
tude wfl face ~is atthe~b for ;rose present:
9~, (Conclusions~ -
(a) ,Th t .International flow ito about
ed: . ;:.
there .;,~ll exist:at.the .!!.
'hoodof!4OO.,.OOO-secon~-feet•, d.~age,.:~he~back;~ater..surface ~illbeabo~t at.the's"/meele~ation as thenatural:su~-face for 'lO0,O00.second-feet less..di:
." , ,
(C ~) That for~.dischal-ges les~ ~h~n ,~n_noo ~o~a,~÷. '~+ .~.~..
L
(d) /-That -bY channel ~mnprovement ~at equiring':i'i ~
tions atGSO,O00 second.~feet.
.(e'~) ' That y uhis !npr ovement ~the water surf~ce ~lo~ the -r~il- road.w~ll be no hiEl~er ~ith-~n under ~-present conditions '.for "" s ..charge of .400,000 :second.feet...and.wAll be lower .th'~u :under present Conditions :for gr eater, dis charges by . amounts .~up to abou t/ll...f eet.
r
I ~ . ~ ~ , ~ , , ~ , , ~ , I ' - - ~ . . . . ~ . . ~ ~ , ~ , , L . k¸ " " ~*!~L ~ ~ ~ ~/~ ~ ~'" ~'~"~"~ ~ ' ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . "~ ~ ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . .
. • - ~
L ~
!~ I~ i ~ I~ r
k~ * 1 k
S ~ r
~ m m , m ¸ ~ ¸ : k ¸ ' • ' ~ "
~ . ~ . I-~ ¸ .~
k
/ k
~ ' A q P r
k
k .
n
~ ~.,~ ~ ~i,~,~ ~~II ~i,~ii~, ~
~ , i ~ L *¸ ~ ! : r
8
, A ~ ~ k ~ - , : " " : F I G U R £ : I " - '
. , , -
i~;!,i! ̧ ~ ; • . . , . . ' I T , ~•
i!
o : j
!ii~:~;ill , , r ~̧ ~ : : : ,L ~ .,~, , . , ~ , , -,,_.~
k
i j :
~, '~
Fi~ulq E ~.~
n,-T - ' ~ " : : N.
~ '
r~
I ! ,~ , ~ ' . -
' |
i "
.!
N
t.x~
t I ~ .
t : 1
w r d
P
r~
• : . -
~ W
I
1 3 5 0
~Z f . . 2 3 , . "4
~ ~ ~ L'
>.,
8
1 3 4 0
1 3 3 0
.'~/0! "..~.?../-.'1_2 @. ~.0..; L .....
" " i ~ o
Z 0
I - - < [ : >
UJ ...............................
L~ . . . . . . .
- - - " t ,= 1 3 0 5 . 5 9 7 ~
t .
1300
I I
: : L .,~7
1 2 ~ 0 u
1270
i
[~,~i:.'..£., . ;: i , :~" i. ' : 8 : ! • . , . E ' X I ~ . I E A N ~ T I O N . ..
. . . . . "~ I . ~ , ;,~.. ~ CURVE.IRATING CURVE~ ',I~S.C$£O JN "ZON£ No, ~£ f fMUI ; .4 J NUMBERUSED SECB3 4 - r " " ~ 4
" " -- * ! "N~Jtur~ f~Ow ~rom ' ' "- . t - - ~ - - i ~ " ." !P: °~ '~" . . ' l . ~ 0 , ~ , o , t . ~ o ~ , , ,=~o,. .~,, ,~, , .~,
' ~ .... . " , ; : remov~ncJ :270;O00 Cu 7 d . ' , a t o n g l e f t : t ~ t ! k : t o E l . J 2 5 . . . . . . . . ~: J . . . . . ' ' I 1: In "*~ l Vo t u ro ! ' f , , ! O v ~ ~'$ :6re-those com~uted ~rom t h e ;
- - ! " d~schorge'c'Urves {or, hOturai fto~', " ' ' r " " ':' " [ ' - ' , i .. . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , }'?: . ," ............................................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
} I , " - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' L e Ocn redch, t~ockw~ter,~'s Ore ¢no~e.~tUes:el n t o k e ~ f t 'o rn - 2 / : ' ::- ~t' , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
~ . atl:backwoter profiles, ore for=.WS, El,.t290,oo Or dam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .,~ ~ " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ' : ' [ ' / "i": . .... • . ~. . S'~mt~o,sinchc~recor~l~u,edorob,erve~l#o,nts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . " "~.:' ~ 'L:'. : ' . I -- . ~ ~.I,.I.*--,~ 'j ' ; ' " "~ " "
. . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . U3 . . . . . . . . . . . . "
" 0 2 . 3 . . 4 6
i i
S . . ",*7
' " ' ' ~ : " ' " Y ' " ' " " "~"*" ': ..... ' ~ '" : " : " . S . " L ~ * , % ' ;:': . . . . . "
v ; ; , . i . j ? ,
• L . . . . . , "
:!::ii!i!): :?
;[:~ : . * * ' e ' . e ~ g o . : , ~ .
. . . . . t ' r ~ ' , ' [ ~ ' - - ' ~ r: : [ ' - - 'Z 0 : 400000 " ,' . " ",;r
_z£L . .~_ .L ,. . . . . . ; , ~ ' ~ 7 " ,' : .
1 ::L':-" ::,:!</
f~ V',
;~?;. ,~..,~C "r
t * . . % : . . . . . . . . . . i" '"" "" > " " : " ;
~ ~ I,. '3' " 9 -' tO . : . 1 ! , ' ~.,-~ " I ~ . . ~ ; . : i . : : -~t,:.t., I
, +:.J' ,
. . . . . : "':L',;..
- !
MILES 'FROM _INTERN 9 " ' " ' I 0
....... l - q . . . . . . . . . . . 1:
INTERNATIONAL.BOUNDARY ;I
. . . . . . . . t. _ , I : jil. " ~:LL:::"~ [ "i'
......... .... ~i I :
12
" I '
<;':: . . . . . . . . . . . ; : _ : : : ' : " 7,
i ' ' t r : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 "L ° ' 509,°°o :,_
. . . . . . . 7
"¢ 8
1 5 : 1 4 • "
ffd , C i > ~
" '" ~ . If) .<
' i
i
<
t l . , I : : t
I L : ~ [
,o,,OC, OO o - - ...~,.. i ~ , ' : ' ! i ' ~
" ** : ,,+~L . . . . . ~ -- ' " r ' S'' .1 : , ~ { " : " t L '~ '
"'~o;4oo, o~o., ! ' : . . . . . . I : "
- - . - - - - - - ~ . < . . . ~ " * : ' f~tOtlJr:I<Flo,v , ' ' ' ' . . . . ' < * : ~ \ i~
j / 7 " ============================ " : : : L ! ; J : --:'~ ;~' " ~ ": : ~ : 7 : : " : : . . :'::;, :':::" :'" q k r . , : : . " ' :k i , ' r : ' , : ~ i : : : ': . . . . . . . . ] "r : + J ' I C ~ t ; : ~
. . . . . . . . 4, ' ' ' . . . . . t ' " ' t " r : . _ _ : } . :Et t #l r
" - ' , ~ . . . . . .~No ' I~ r~ I .F '~ , . . . . i \ h t : ' ' ' l t ,
9 l~J I l M I LLES : FROM IN~,ERNATIONAL .BOUNDARY
m
I i~ I ' ~
15 L ',
¸ ¸ ' 1 % •
" * '.'.i ̧ , ~ ' > , L ' r • : • :
, * : !~ , : }F, ~zot . :73 i'
L
i
i !
% 1
1 6
i !
t
I
L " . = I {,~ it% i
I,-I ' '\ ' : " ,
14 1 5 i (5
J
I
I
] i i
.':l" {f'~
,z,
; . . . . {
• • ..,,... , .
' ' ' t ¢"" Nafurolf.2; 300,00.0 ":Kt°i~ttl "•" "i_.,i. ~ . . . ..s . . . .
t - 4 .
m ~
; r'! . . . . . . ' 2 *"
. . . . . . . . . . - " , N :
t
.. , - ~ = 650,0"00 : ' " / . :Q = 500,000"
~ : .. t - O . 300.C'C~
~. f ~" Q ~ tO0.O00
t.." 128C
IiZTO
l l ~ , ~ E:3 I , T l i ~ ¢ . 1
G O L U M B I A RI.VE, R R .£ .S~RVOIR . f IAGKWAT~R +_STUDIES.
PPtOFIL,*E O F ! G O L U I i i B I A , ,~IV~EN L I f l " L E D A I . ~ S - ~ T O I N T F _ ~ N A T ~ O F ~ L F ~ U N D A ,
": ' • .].
ReserveiK EU2eO.O0 ".
'L *
I l l
;',w . 13=o: ,o :
!,
1 1 1 ,
II
c
i b~
$
' ! i ; i
i • , , t i m l . ~ , , , i . . . . .
J i
: i ~ : ~ . : / : ; ' ; ' / ' i /
( . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
LI
., :;ilo
• • , . + : + ; : -
. . . . . ~ ! : . : .+ : . . . . . . - . . . . . . . , :.~+ : .: : :L+ ~L%~ " " ~+-:~ ++.+-; ~ +4 . ; : + k
• . . . . . . . , . . . . i ' i i , , i i - - - -
!i}i:?iiiii~/~}~{'i~:il ~iiiiiii i̧~:?:!!/~!f
'l' I lql
,+ ' .
L'.:"
~ • v, , ~i, , : i ,~, i ~ ~ . . . . . m :
! ~+ +:'+ !d~: "~ } i i _ i t
" i?i i m
+ '"/:-,
":~,~ i!~ ~/~:I
i~{~/~:;~?!i~i+i i+i!/,i ~ i~! !~! i~}
' : / } ' 0 ! / ' : , ,
,i~i" :,U ~ :t/ , ,i~ L/{
Y::}i;i:~i!~ ~, i!i'ii:/:!i!/~iiil}il :̧̧ (,~i~ :}i!!i}i
},
r, I l l
d t
. . . . . ~ t - ' ;
. Z ' - ~ - - - .
. I . . I -M-M-I -&I-L
! .
t i i i i i i [ i 1 J
t l
i i
i i
i i
I 1
i
F I G U R [
~ " : ~ : 7 , l ~ i
i i 17 . ' i ! .
:I" i '> . . . . I- 1 ~ I ~ ' ~ l i i ' l ~ l l , J i . *
. l . l - t . i - - l -~ ~ ' ~ ~
~ : I ~ . . ,
" - ~ ' - , • . : :
~ ' ~ l.~
~
r -
' , , + w
, > .
6 •
I o
~ !:7! I ~ , r i
I L
t
" ,-?S
" u ' '
T j - t -
J
"1 "4 ~c .q
|
-1 4
"1
4
j
Lql [ > "
U
. "L
h
t
,(~ L?
e . r I . . . . "
I
"Z " ,
¢I : ...... i~ ::~, ~ >:~!' L-'-! .....
: ~ . ~:,~.~ ~ ~ .;
..... -0"~ "~'l'' ; ~m-. ,q. I
s . .
I
i : . i >.
' o
z •
o
I n
, i t
"~gg~ggg >
...... ~
r~
~ :.~ i i
°
\
\,(
D
\
k
r.s/and• Excavat ion =
- El, 1 2 5 0 . 0
~' \ ' )i ', •
E
Ve:ilengthened as shown do r l ~ , :. IH i Excavation Plan 3.~ "' '
El.::.t'ZSO.O
r Wl~ islondot ~ [ 1 2 5 0 . 0 , ~ Island Excavation =4~,620 C.,u. Yds. ' ~,
wl~'~, 7s~on~ ariel, , . ; ~ . o ~, El ~.55 0 or. El,'laSO 0 fo r , ! ~
, E~,~,ovafmn Plan 3 . f / / .~
/ ' D
F
D
. , , \ \
I, 1255,0. \
Excovotion = 41,620 Cu.Yd s.
\ F
m,u~ ....
Bank
! H . ": " r. ~,,.~.~ . . . . . . f ' Z
. E1::1255~0
k ,
~, , •/ :, i ̧ *~, :
"t" :
~: Yds:
~ E X C A V A T r ( • ',~ GO V E~i
,•,J:/
T
t r
• Ei'X G A V A T I 0 N "P L A N ~5 :COVE F I L L E D
.]:OTAL EXGA~'ATION " 267, 22G.GU.YDS.
i
• , : 4~Eii~12~,5:0 •
j ' "
.:• t, \'1,
: - , ~ , i / ~ , ' , i • : ¸ •
12 9 . 6 3 : 0 ' ' ; " I ] 1 , I , , 1 , , I , ~ ! I
MOD E L . $C A LE " . IN ~FF ' I t T~ - .A N D ' IN GH E S
i . i!, ,H;,¸ • • • ' / .
" . " - ,%
• k
i_. •.: . • j -
i•i!i , ;i•/~• • r
ON ~'IS ,'/'HE %~A ~ " ION ~PL 'AN 2 4r
,k , / ,
. . 4 ~
• T ~
"i ' .
/.2°~
2 ' ?
le . !
Right~Bonk:.Excavcrtion = e,I . • I i~'ofol Excov~hon ~wif~hne.edle:in"'-~240,96o Cu.Yds.~ ' i
Total Exoovotion'. ~vith'. needle~out = :2 4 5;zgO Cu ' ;d~ ~ . . . .
" ;ElL .LED :" ~.. . . : ;DO¢O fO~EXCA
i ". .OEPARTMEfIT, 'OF THE; NTER~OR- ' . ~':~ ~" ~SURF-~tU OF'REGLAMATiON ~
- 4 C ( ( ~ t 2 U ' M B : I , A : R I ~ V E ' R W E S ! E R ; V O I R : " ::
• :,~ , - i i ; i - . : / ! ! i,;• ~ - i ~
t .
; " " O L . . . - - L .
'i
R A ~ 5-~1~40
• ' . . ~ F I G U R ~ 9:
$
- i ,
5OO I0~1
~ R O $ ; "
, ; , r ~
OF. I M P R O V E M E N T : C U R V E
" \ :L
-Jr " T "
neeOle"
'"-T
: 3 0 0 . 4 0 ~ " 50C- GO0 1 ' 0 0 ' " a O 0
D I S C H A R G E , I ~ T H O U S A N D S O F , ~ ; E G O H O - F ( E T AT WHICH N A T U R A ~ COHO T I O N $ =RE, R E S T O R E D
"NOT5 Reservoir elevation IL.'90,O ,: • : , ~"
r..rand Coulee, Dam. r g U R E A U OF~ R E G L A M A T , I O N
,GrO_L,.U M.B I~A ',R I V : E R , R / E S E : R VO I.R• HYDRAUI.,JG MODEL STUDIES.SCALE hJ20~ " "
C O M P A R I S O N . OF, ; M P R O V E M E N ' i ' ; A N D E X C A V A T I O N A T , T H E L, ITTL' .~: D A L L . E S
: B A C K W A T E R " C O N D I T I O N S
, m
m
£1. /
_ _ 4 ~ _ r "1" - i = . ~ptotlc.,'~ . . . . .
• I gi
, • 9 0 0
~ 2 2 2 ~ D ~ 5 8 9 5
• H i
,i ̧ ¸ : i
i ¸ , -7, , , • ¸
o,
</
5~
, , - . . , L I ! ~
LLI Z,,,.Z
H1"!ffi3 ~ ..... u;
~ 4 r .
4N-
I i 1 t ~ @ '
• , I f , d I
1 I I I
i ; ~ i t I : <
i .... ~44
i l l -~*~ ,,-+,4
.
i : r . . . .
lhl~t
, . . 2 2 . . : . - l.'t,t
'I~ _E
: T 1 I ; I "T l
f:TTFfr
:~ ..i~ VI,11T ~ , '2 .
. . . . . . . ,.~ ~,:~'!~.~,IT,~:<,' ' ,~ ~, .~: ~!
' 2 *
" . / . * L "
~3~lJ, N t , . ~ I J L V A 3 " I I I l l ~ d m F l $ l l ~ l V ~
~ i! ̧ : i ~
r * t , UN [ ~ l
~Zone ~ ! - E,r~d Couk~ O~n ~ KWfltM Foils ~ o y Bn(~e Z~ne NO2 - Kef1~ F~II s ~ ~Fkridp 1o Fool o~ L~f~M D41Ms, Z ~ N~$ * L.ifttw D ~ . . ." Z ~ o N~4 ~ tMod d L~tt le Oolle¢ to Inlerna~O~ol l)ou~¢ory.
vu . v ~* er678e
C O L u d L t m l A / R I V ~ R ~ ~ E S E I I I V O I R . . . . O~G~C w a r [ R "~ ruGf4 f s
OAGKWATJrN . &lID # i ldPROVK/tS,~NT ~ T " ~ N T I [ R N A T I O N A L I IOU~)OAFIY
• L~
. . . . . , " L •
top related