building a container for conflict resolution on campus

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Building a Container for Conflict Resolution on Campus

MCPA & MI-ASCA Joint Conference Peace & Justice: Intentional Practices in an Era of Compliance

Presented October 26, 2015 - Michigan State University Kellogg Center

Bill Warters, Ph.D. Wayne State University

Master of Arts in Dispute Resolution Program

Themes for My Talk

The Learning Potential in Conflict

Tensions between Law and Informal Justice

The Unique Nature of Higher Education Institutions

The Changing Face of Campus Conflict Resolution

Creating “Conflict Containers” and Mobilizing Third Siders for Peace and Justice

The Learning Potential in

Conflict

"Just know your lines and don't bump into the

furniture."

Spencer Tracy’s advice on acting

The Problem of Selective Perception

We are creatures of routine In order to manage the world, filled as it is with overwhelming amounts of potential stimuli, we only attend to certain aspects of situations that we have determined are necessary for our successful navigation through the world Conflict forces us to pay attention to new things - the world pushes back and we have to readjust and (hopefully) learn new things

Power Influences Perception

Role-taking Ability is Related to Power

David Kipnis - “The Metamorphic Effects of Power” leads powerholders to distance themselves & devalue those with less power

Thomas, Franks and Calonico 1972 study of Role-taking Abilities within the Family (“Roletaking and Power in Social Psychology” ASR Vol. 37)

Children were best at it, with mothers second, and father the worst

Low power people are better observers for “survival purposes” whereas high power folks may use coercion instead and not attend to experiences of those “below them” in a status hierarchy

Student’s Learn from Conflict with the Right Help

Rodgers, R. F. (1983). "Using Theory in Practice". Administration and Leadership in Student Affairs. T. K. Miller, R. B. Winston and W. R. Mendenhall. Muncie, Indiana, Accelerated Development Inc.: pp. 111-144.

STARR research on Restorative Conferencing compared to Model Code Judicial Boards - RJ showed better learning outcomes on all measures

My Social Ecology Summer

1977- Colliding with Feminism

A Complicated Threesome

Gender and Sexual Identity matter

Women’s and Men’s Groups quite different

Using Circles to Solve Problems

Case: Inappropriate Sexual Advances

A Class on UtopiasWhatAboutWhenConflictsHappen?

IllustrationfromSirThomasMore’sbookUtopia(1516)

Tensions Between Law and Informal

Justice

“Law Begins Where Community Ends” - Jerold Auerbach

Conflicts as Property - Nils Christie

1982 - UC Santa Cruz

Learning Doesn’t Just Happen in the Classroom

Discovering Men Against Rape and the Pro-feminist Men’s Movement

Creating Peer Pressure Among Men to End Men’s Violence

Case: Confronting Men Who Assault Women

The Unique Nature of Higher Education Institutions

Main Organizational Theories of University & College Functioning

Bureaucratic Collegial Political Organized Anarchy

Higher Education: A Conflict Rich Environment

Special Forces/Sources make it an especially conflict-rich environment

Defective Pressure Cooker model of conflict handling is the norm (Walter Hobbes)

“Garbage-Can” Decision-making Methods may prevail

A Loosely-Coupled System (each pot on its own bottom...)

The Changing Face of Campus

Conflict Resolution

Bill’s First Mediation Experiment

Family Student Housing was our setting

Based on Community Boards model for community engagement

Volunteer driven, with important forms of staff and faculty support

Campus ADR Timeline1966 - First Campus Ombuds Program

Campus ADR Timeline1979 - First Campus Mediation Initiative

Campus ADR Timeline1988 - National Videocast on Higher Ed Conflict Management

Campus ADR Timeline1990 - First National Conference on Campus Mediation

Campus ADR Timeline1994 - ASJA Resolution supports use of Mediation in Student Judicial Affairs work

Campus ADR Timeline1999 - Mediation in the Campus Community book published

Campus ADR Timeline2000 - FIPSE funds Campus Conflict Resolution Resources project

Campus ADR Timeline2004 - Restorative Justice on the College Campus book published

Campus ADR Timeline2008 - ASJA holds National Conflict Resolution Summit meeting

Campus ADR Timeline2009 - Reframing Campus Conflict book published

Growth of Campus Mediation Projects* Does not include Law School based ADR clinics

Campus-based Mediation Programs*

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

300

220

60

18102

Conflict Studies Academic Program Growth

0

150

300

450

600

1981 1986 1990 1995 2000

590

254

9963

31

Academic Peace & CR Programs

Over 200 institutions with ombudspersons

University System of Georgia 1995 Regents’ Initiative, all 34 campuses

University of Hawaii System 1998 –1999 CR Initiative, all 10 campuses

1998 NACUBO prize to University of Texas, San Antonio

University of Missouri System 2000 Mediation Initiative, all 4 system campuses

Minnesota State Colleges and University  2001 Workplace Mediation Pilot, 30 to 34 campuses

Association for Student Judicial Affairs change to Association for Student Conduct Administration

Signs of Institutional Acceptance of ADR

Reflections on Changing Conduct Management Practices in Higher Ed

Campus Judicial System Changes Over Time

Move Away from judicial language and toward learning and development (Conduct Administrators)

Program naming changes (removing “Judicial” from title)

Acceptance of broader range of models (Spectrum Model)

Mediation now part of institutional offerings

Coaching

Increased reach of federal government onto the campus - Title IX and DCL

Growth of Restorative Justice as a form of practice

Edited Volume - 2009

http://worldcat.org/oclc/320189910

A Spectrum of Options

Project on Restorative Justice

Campus PRISMPromoting Restorative Initiatives for Sexual Misconduct on college campuses

Campus PRISM members gather at the 2015 NACRJ conference in Florida

Campus PRISM is a project to incorporate restorative justice principles into responses to the problemof campus sexual violence.

Goals of the Campus PRISM:

Consider the potential and challenges of RJ in light of the national controversy about campussexual misconduct.Apply lessons from the use of RJ in criminal justice sex offenses, e.g. CoSAs, conferencing, andother trauma-informed practices.Gather and disseminate knowledge about RJ practice and research.Explore the potential for multicampus RJ pilots.

Overview of Restorative Approaches to Sexual Misconduct:

http://www.skidmore.edu/campusrj/prism.php 10/23/15, 1:04 AMPage 1 of 6

PRISM Project

Creating “Conflict Containers” and Mobilizing Third Siders

for Peace and Justice

Mobilizing the Third Side

as per William Ury in The Third Side: Why We Fight and How We Can Stop

see http://www.thirdside.org

Provider - Enabling People to Meet Their Needs Teacher - Giving People Skills to Handle Conflict Bridge-Builder - Forging Relationships Across

Lines of Conflict Mediator - Reconciling Conflicting Interests Arbiter - Determining Disputed Rights Equalizer - Democratizing Power Healer - Repairing Injured Relationships Witness - Paying Attention to Escalation Referee - Setting Limits to Fighting Peacekeeper - Providing Protection

Roles and Levels of Escalation

Community BoardCirca 1983

5 Core Beliefs

1) Conflicts are part of life's experiences and have positive value.

2) The peaceful expression of conflict within the campus community is a positive value.

3) Combining individual and campus/community acceptance of responsibility for a conflict is a positive value.

Based on SF Community Boards values

Core Beliefs continued

4) The voluntary resolution of conflict between disputants is a positive value.

5) Campus diversity and tolerance for differences are positive values.

Based on SF Community Boards values

ESCROProject

East Side Conflict Resolution Outreach project

Unity in the Community Resource Fair

Mediation

Monday night sessions

Wayne State University

http://madr.comm.wayne.edu

Thank You

Contact me at: w.warters@wayne.edu

http://campus-adr.net

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