brutalism in wilderness - finnish military bases in the 1960s...

Between Architecture of War and Military Urbanism UDL 10 Tallinn April 25-28, 2013

Kristo Vesikansa, Aalto University, Helsinki

BRUTALISM IN WILDERNESS - Finnish military bases in the 1960s and 70s

Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-

THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-

Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91

Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62

Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956

Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60

Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58

Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62

THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-

Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91

Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62

Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956

Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60

Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58

Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62

Pentti Ahola, b. 1919, grad. 1947

Osmo Lappo, b. 1927, grad. 1953

Mikko Heliövaara, b. 1929, grad. 1956

Timo Penttilä, b. 1931, grad. 1956

Tuomo Suomalainen, b. 1931, grad. 1960

Pentti Pajarinen, b. 1932, grad. 1958

THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTS

Vilho Noko, b. 1912, grad. 1954, MoD 1950-, the head of the department 1957-

Pentti Viljanen, b. 1928, grad. 1954, MoD 1955-91

Pentti Ahola, b. 1919, grad. 1947

Osmo Lappo, b. 1927, grad. 1953

Mikko Heliövaara, b. 1929, grad. 1956

Timo Penttilä, b. 1931, grad. 1956

Tuomo Suomalainen, b. 1931, grad. 1960

Pentti Pajarinen, b. 1932, grad. 1958

THE BUILDING DEPARTMENT OF THE MINISTRY OF DEFENCE

INDEPENDENT ARCHITECTS

Jorma Pankakoski, b. 1929, grad. 1955, MoD 1956-62

Pekka Rajala, b. 1929, grad. 1954, MoD 1956

Pertti Autio, b. 1930, grad. 1956, MoD 1957-60

Reino Lammin-Soila, b. 1921, grad. 1953, MoD 1957-58

Timo Suomalainen, b. 1928, grad. 1956, MoD 1958-62

Jorma Pankakoski: Hyrylä Soldier´s Home, 1960

Kajaani Garrison, 1960-752500 soldiersSite plan: Pentti ViljanenGarrison center: Osmo LappoBarracks: Pentti RajalaHospital: Timo and Tuomo SuomalainenStaff housing: Pentti Ahola

Säkylä Garrison, 1960-672500 soldiersSite plan: Pentti ViljanenGarrison center: Osmo LappoBarracks: Pentti RajalaHospital: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen

Vekaranjärvi Garrison, 1966-743000 soldiersSite plan: Pentti ViljanenGarrison center: Osmo LappoBarracks: Pentti RajalaHospital: Timo and Tuomo SuomalainenStaff housing: Timo Penttilä

Keuruu Garrison, 1964-771500 soldiersSite plan, garrison center, barracks, hospital, staff housing: Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen

WILDERNESS GARRISONS

Sodankyla Garrison, 1958-66̈Lappeenranta Cavalry Barracks, 1889-93

URBAN CONTEXT

HISTORICAL CONTINUITY?

Pentti Viljanen: Kajaani Garrison, 1960 Olli Kivinen etc.: Pihlajamaki Housing, Helsinki, 1959-64̈

MILITARY BASES VS. HOUSING ESTATES

Osmo Lappo: Vekaranjärvi Garrison Center, 1966-74Martti & Marjatta Jaatinen: Oulu Monumental Center, 1962-67

GARRISON CENTERS VS. CIVIC CENTERS

Osmo Lappo: Vekaranjärvi Garrison Center, 1966-74

URBAN SPACE

Pekka Rajala: Barracks, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-68

STANDARDIZATION

Osmo Lappo: Kajaani Garrison Center, 1960-68

Osmo Lappo: Säkylä Garrison Center, 1960-67

Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Säkylä, 1960-67 Osmo Lappo: Sports Hall, Kajaani, 1960-64

MATERIALS

Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Kajaani, 1960-68

BUILDING TECHNIQUES

Osmo Lappo: Canteen, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74

Osmo Lappo: Sports Hall, Kajaani, 1960-64

Osmo Lappo: Soldiers´ Home, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74

Osmo Lappo: Movie Theater, Vekaranjärvi, 1966-74

Howard Smith: Murals, Vekaranjärvi, 1974

THE INTEGRATION OF VISUAL ARTS

Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison, 1960-77

Timo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison, 1960

Timo and Tuomo Suomalainen: Keuruu Garrison Center, 1960-73