boy scouts of america - public health merit badge

BSA Merit Badge Program;

PUBLIC HEALTHPUBLIC HEALTH

Enter Your Contact Information Here

A historic public health event in the 1800’s was stopping disease outbreak by removing the water pump handle.

Boy Scout Public Health Merit Badge

• This presentation developed by a Scout Leader from the Erie County Department of Health.

• This presentation focuses on communicable/ infectious diseases and diseases that may be contracted while in the outdoors.

• You may want to include slides about chronic disease and health behaviors, which are also important topics in public health.

• Please visit the New York State Department of Health website for more information.

Chronic Diseases

• These are common chronic diseases – Obesity– Diabetes– Heart Disease– Cancer– Stroke

Health Behaviors

• Diet and nutrition• Physical Activity• Smoking• Alcohol consumption

Enter the name of your facility (LHD, etc.) here.Enter the name of your facility (LHD, etc.) here.

• Provide an outline of the agenda for the day here.• Include general topics to be covered.

NameAddress

City

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DistrictCouncil

Date Unit Leader’s Sig.

ISISYOURYOURMB CARDMB CARDPROPERLYPROPERLYCOMPLETEDCOMPLETED??

PUBLIC HEALTHBadge Leader’s NameAddress

AddressTelephone Number

Name

PUBLIC HEALTH

Unit Leader’s Sig.

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PUBLIC HEALTH

What is PUBLIC HEALTH?What is PUBLIC HEALTH?“The science and art of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society, organizations, public and private, communities and individuals." Charles-Edward Amory Winslow -1920

CORE FUNTIONS OF PUBLIC HEALTH

Source: Center for Disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov

HOW CAN DISEASESHOW CAN DISEASESBE SPREAD?BE SPREAD?

Aerosol/Droplet

Vectors

Contaminated Food

Direct Contact

Contaminated Water

WHAT IS A VECTOR ?A vector is an organism that does not cause disease itself but that transmits infection by conveying pathogens from one host to another, serving as a route of transmission.

CONTROLLING DISEASE IN YOUR HOME, CONTROLLING DISEASE IN YOUR HOME, COMMUNITY AND AT CAMPCOMMUNITY AND AT CAMP

• In our homes and community…– Proper trash storage and disposal– Prompt disposal of pet feces– Eliminate standing water (old tires, poor-draining gutters, natural

puddles and pools, etc.)– Remove debris and weed overgrowth (wood or rock piles, construction

debris, etc.)– Make sure your home or business is well maintained, with no opening

for rodents to get inside• At camp…

– Keep your tent and campsite clean (not “Boy clean”, “Mom clean”!)– Proper food storage (NOT IN YOUR TENT!)– Proper trash storage and disposal– Practice LEAVE NO TRACE– Leave cabin doors and windows closed to avoid mosquitoes and

unwanted animals– Check body and clothing for ticks

LET’S TALK A BIT MORE ABOUT CAMP………

mom CLEANmom CLEANboy CLEANboy CLEAN

LET’S TALK A BIT MORE ABOUT CAMP…

Bites from rabid raccoons require 5 visits to the doctor on days 0,3,7,14 and 28 after the bite for injections to prevent death from rabies.

One last observation about camp cleanliness…

Dirty snow outside of a BSA camp.

LABORATORY ACTIVITY #1LABORATORY ACTIVITY #1Investigation of Germ Distribution due to Fomite ExposureInvestigation of Germ Distribution due to Fomite Exposure

WHO GOT DA

COOTIES?

You may want to conduct an activity here. When this presentation was originally given, the badge leader used “Glow-Germ" powder to demonstrate germ transmission person-to-person and/or fomite-to-person. Ideas for other activities can be found on the NYSDOH Public Health Works! Website: http://www.health.state.ny.us/prevention/public_health_works/

Escherichia coliE. coliE. coli

Is it dangerous?E. coli is one of the most common bacteria found in human and animal digestive systems. It benefits to us include the production of vitamin K2 (important to the body for helping blood to clot) and by preventing other dangerous germs to grow in our guts.

However, some varieties, or STRAINS, are bad. They have developed the ability to produce toxins that can make us very ill or even cause death.

Occasionally during butchering or other food preparation processes our food becomes contaminated with the “bad” E. coli. If the food is not cooked or not cooked properly, we consume the bad germs and they grow inside our digestive tracts and cause illness. Can also be acquired by swallowing contaminated swimming water (lakes or pools).

Gram negative bacillus

Pathogenic E. coli

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BACTERIABACTERIANONENONE• USE CARE WHEN PREPARING FOODS. USE CARE WHEN PREPARING FOODS. • KEEP MEATS AWAY FROM FOODS THAT WON’T BE KEEP MEATS AWAY FROM FOODS THAT WON’T BE COOKED.COOKED.• COOK GROUND OR TENDERIZED MEATS TO AN COOK GROUND OR TENDERIZED MEATS TO AN INTERNAL INTERNAL TEMPERATURE OF 160TEMPERATURE OF 160ooF. F.

• SUPPORTIVE CARE, INCLUDING HYDRATION. SUPPORTIVE CARE, INCLUDING HYDRATION. • ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTI-DIARRHEALS ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTI-DIARRHEALS SHOULD NOT BE USED AS THEY INCREASE SHOULD NOT BE USED AS THEY INCREASE THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS (Kidney failure in 5% - 10% of cases ).(Kidney failure in 5% - 10% of cases ).

Clostridium tetaniTetanuTetanuss

Gram positive bacillus

• Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is caused by a toxin (tetanospasmin) produced by the bacteria Clostridium tetani.

• C. tetani is a common environmental bacteria found in soil, especially current or former farm lands.

• The disease was first described by the Greek physician Hippocrates in the fifth century BC.

• Characteristic symptoms include severe muscle pain and stiffness, difficulty swallowing, muscle spasms (strong enough to break bones)

• Commonly associated with rusty nails, it is not the rust that causes tetanus, but the dirt and low oxygen environment of the rust that provides a place for the germs to hide. The rusty nails act as a “FOMITE”.•10% - 20% of those infected die.

Tetanus

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BACTERIABACTERIA

• CHILDHOOD VACCINATION SERIES AVAILABLE. CHILDHOOD VACCINATION SERIES AVAILABLE. • BOOSTER SHOTS EVERY 10 YEARS FOR ADULTS.BOOSTER SHOTS EVERY 10 YEARS FOR ADULTS.• IF YOU SUFFER A DEEP PUNCTURE WOUND APPLY IF YOU SUFFER A DEEP PUNCTURE WOUND APPLY APPROPRIATE FIRST-AID AND FOLLOW-UP WITH A APPROPRIATE FIRST-AID AND FOLLOW-UP WITH A DOCTOR. DOCTOR. • TETANUS BOOSTER SHOT. TETANUS BOOSTER SHOT. • TETANUS IMMUNE GLOBULIN. TETANUS IMMUNE GLOBULIN. • ANTIBIOTICS.ANTIBIOTICS.

PUNCTURE WOUNDS FROM DIRTY OBJECTSPUNCTURE WOUNDS FROM DIRTY OBJECTS (FOMITES)(FOMITES)

Acquired Immune Deficiency SyndromeAIDSAIDS

Caused by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. The virus replicates itself inside the human white blood cells responsible for controlling our immune systems. When the virus destroys enough cells over time, our immune system fails. Patients become very susceptible to “opportunistic infections”

Spread person-to-person or by needles/surgical instruments when infected body fluids are present (i.e. bloodborne pathogen):• Sexually transmitted • Use of dirty/contaminated needles• Mother to child: During pregnancy, at birth, and from breastfeeding.• Healthcare and Emergency Service Professionals

What about Blood and organ donation/transplant?

AIDS requires a lot of drugs to treat it.

AIDS

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

VIRUSVIRUS

• SAFE SEX PRACTICES OR ABSTINENCE. SAFE SEX PRACTICES OR ABSTINENCE. • DON’T USE ILLICIT DRUGS.DON’T USE ILLICIT DRUGS.• SUBSTANCE ABUSERS TAKE ADVANTAGE OF NEEDLE SUBSTANCE ABUSERS TAKE ADVANTAGE OF NEEDLE EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.EXCHANGE PROGRAMS.• WORKERS NEED TO WEAR personal protective equipment WORKERS NEED TO WEAR personal protective equipment (PPE).(PPE).• TESTING OF BLOOD/ORGANS BEFORE TESTING OF BLOOD/ORGANS BEFORE TRANSFUSION/TRANSPLANT.TRANSFUSION/TRANSPLANT.• NO VACCINE, NO CURE. NO VACCINE, NO CURE. • ANTIVIRAL DRUGS CAN SLOW PROGRESS ANTIVIRAL DRUGS CAN SLOW PROGRESS OF DISEASE. OF DISEASE. • TREATMENT OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.TREATMENT OF OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS.

NONE IDENTIFIEDNONE IDENTIFIED

ENCEPHALITIS

EncephaliEncephalitistisEN- What?

ENCEPHAL – “In the head” (greek origin – enkephalos).-ITIS – refering to an inflammation of an organ or tissue.

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain• Inflammation is usually caused by infection or an inappropriate auto-immune response to infection• The incidence is reported as 7.4 cases per 100,000 people (based on US statistics)• Anyone can become ill with encephalitis, at any age• The inflammation can damage nerve cells resulting in “acquired brain injury”• Compared to other infectious diseases, encephalitis has a high death rate

ARBOVIRUSES – Viruses transmitted by Arthropods (Mosquitoes & Ticks)• West Nile Fever, St. Louis Encephalitis, Japanese Encephalitis, Australian Encephalitis, Dengue Fever• LaCrosse Encephalitis, California Encephalitis, Rift Valley Fever, Yellow Fever Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), Western Equine Encephalitis (WEE), Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis (VEE), Tick-Borne Encephalitis, Colorado Tick Fever

OTHER CAUSES• Syphilis• Lyme Disease• Rabies

Encephalitis

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

VIRUS or VIRUS or BACTERIABACTERIA• VECTOR CONTROLVECTOR CONTROL• SOME VACCINES AVAILABLESOME VACCINES AVAILABLE• USE OF TICK & MOSQUITO REPELLENTSUSE OF TICK & MOSQUITO REPELLENTS

• SOME VACCINES AVAILABLESOME VACCINES AVAILABLE• ANTIVIRAL DRUGS SOMETIMES WORKANTIVIRAL DRUGS SOMETIMES WORK• SUPPORTIVE CARESUPPORTIVE CARE• ANTIBIOTICS FOR BACTERIAL CAUSESANTIBIOTICS FOR BACTERIAL CAUSES• SOME HAVE NO CURE/TREATMENTSOME HAVE NO CURE/TREATMENT

MOSQUITOES, TICKS, ???MOSQUITOES, TICKS, ???

Salmonella sp.Salmonella Food Salmonella Food PoisoningPoisoningCaused by the bacterial genus Salmonella.

Infection occurs by ingesting food products contaminated with Salmonella bacteria.

Symptoms occur 12 to 72 after consuming contaminated food and include vomiting and diarrhea.

In children, elderly, and persons with weakened immune systems severity of the infection can cause death.

Contamination usually occurs or spreads during food handling and preparation.

The bacteria are also commonly found on reptiles, amphibians, rodents and birds.

Gram negative bacillus

Salmonella

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BACTERIABACTERIA

• SAFE FOOD HANDLING PRACTICESSAFE FOOD HANDLING PRACTICES• Wash hands after handing pet rodents, Wash hands after handing pet rodents, turtles, lizards, etc.turtles, lizards, etc.

• SUPPORTIVE CARESUPPORTIVE CARE• ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTI-DIARRHEALS ANTIBIOTICS AND ANTI-DIARRHEALS SHOULD NOT BE USED AS THEY INCREASE SHOULD NOT BE USED AS THEY INCREASE THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS THE RISK OF COMPLICATIONS

NONENONE

BorreliosisLyme DiseaseLyme DiseaseLyme disease is caused by bacteria transmitted by the deer tick (Ixodes scapularis).

Symptoms can include chills and fever, headache, fatigue, stiff neck, muscle and/or joint pain, and swollen glands, and if left untreated, may include severe fatigue, a stiff aching neck, and tingling or numbness in the arms and legs, or facial paralysis can occur.

Over 77,000 cases have been reported in NYS since Lyme disease became reportable in 1986.

Young deer ticks, called nymphs, are active from mid-May to mid-August and are about the size of poppy seeds. Adult ticks, which are approximately the size of sesame seeds, are most active from March to mid-May and from mid-August to November. Ticks can be active any time the temperature is above freezing.

This is a bull’s eye rash that is typical in many cases.

Lyme Disease

Type or Form?

Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BACTERIABACTERIA

• TAKE PRECAUTIONS IN TICK AREASTAKE PRECAUTIONS IN TICK AREAS• Wear light-colored clothingWear light-colored clothing• Use insect repellent w/ DEETUse insect repellent w/ DEET• Check your body for ticks Check your body for ticks • Know how to properly remove a tick if you are bittenKnow how to properly remove a tick if you are bitten• Remove the tick ASAP (36 hour rule)Remove the tick ASAP (36 hour rule)

Antibiotics may be usedAntibiotics may be used

DEER TICK (Ixodes scapularis)DEER TICK (Ixodes scapularis)

LABORATORY ACTIVITY #2LABORATORY ACTIVITY #2BACTERIAL GRAM STAIN PROCEDUREBACTERIAL GRAM STAIN PROCEDURE

This procedure is done to help identify the particular bacteria that has made a person ill.

You may want to conduct another activity here. When this presentation was originally given, the badge leader preformed a gram stain and read it under a microscope. For more activity ideas, visit the NYSDOH Public Health Works website: http://www.health.state.ny.us/prevention/public_health_works/

• NO FOOD OR DRINK IN LABORATORY AREAS• ABSOLUTELY NO HORSEPLAY• DO NOT TOUCH OR LEAN ON COUNTERTOPS OR EQUIPMENT• STAY WITH THE GROUP AT ALL TIMES• NO SOUVENIRS• NO PHOTOGRAPHY WITHOUT PERMISSION• FOLLOW DIRECTIONS OF LABORATORY PERSONEL AT ALL TIMES

•WASH YOUR HANDS WHEN LEAVING LABORATORIES

SAFETY & SECURITY RULES IN SAFETY & SECURITY RULES IN THE LABORATORYTHE LABORATORY

Gonorrhea

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BacteriBacteriaa• ABSTINENCEABSTINENCE• SAFE SEX PRACTICESSAFE SEX PRACTICES

• ANTIBIOTICSANTIBIOTICS

• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)• NO VECTORSNO VECTORS

Gram Negative Diplococci

West Nile Disease

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

VirusVirus

• Eliminate stagnant water sourcesEliminate stagnant water sources• Use insect repellentUse insect repellent

• No disease treatmentNo disease treatment• Supportive careSupportive care

Mosquitoes transmit virus from Mosquitoes transmit virus from birdsbirds

Botulism

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

Bacteria (toxin)Bacteria (toxin)

• Safe food handlingSafe food handling• Proper wound careProper wound care• ANTITOXIN ANTITOXIN • SUPPORTIVE CARE SUPPORTIVE CARE • ANTIBIOTICSANTIBIOTICS

• Usually foodborne, can be wound relatedUsually foodborne, can be wound related• NO VECTORSNO VECTORS

Gram positive bacillus

Botox is purified and diluted botulinum toxin. People used to use castor oil as a laxative, Castor oil comes from castor beans and contains ricin in trace amounts which can cause diarrhea/GI distress.

InfluenzaType or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

VirusVirus

• Hand washingHand washing• Social distancingSocial distancing• Animal/Bird- to- Animal/Bird- to- personperson• Antiviral therapiesAntiviral therapies

• Person-to-personPerson-to-person• Aerosol/DropletAerosol/Droplet• No vectorsNo vectors

Every year in the United States, on average:•5% to 20% of the population gets the flu; •more than 200,000 people are hospitalized from flu-related complications •about 36,000 people die from flu-related causes.

The World Health Organization has declared a pandemic (worldwide disease) in 2009 from the novel H1N1 virus that has pig and bird components.

Syphilis

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

BacteriBacteriaa• ABSTINENCEABSTINENCE• SAFE SEX PRACTICESSAFE SEX PRACTICES

• ANTIBIOTICSANTIBIOTICS

• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)• NO VECTORSNO VECTORS

Hepatitis

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

Virus(eVirus(es)s)• BLOOD AND BODY FLUID PRECAUTIONSBLOOD AND BODY FLUID PRECAUTIONS• PROPER FOOD HANDLING/ HYGIENEPROPER FOOD HANDLING/ HYGIENE

• ANTIVIRAL THERAPIESANTIVIRAL THERAPIES• SUPPORTIVE CARESUPPORTIVE CARE• SOMETIMES SELF-LIMITINGSOMETIMES SELF-LIMITING

• BLOODBORNE PATHOGENBLOODBORNE PATHOGEN• FOODBORNE ILLNESSFOODBORNE ILLNESS

Liver infection can cause whites of eyes to become yellow.

Emphysema

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

EnvironmenEnvironmentaltal

• NO/STOP SMOKINGNO/STOP SMOKING• Avoid second- hand Avoid second- hand smoke smoke• NO CURENO CURE• SUPPORTIVE/COMFORT CARE UNTIL DEATHSUPPORTIVE/COMFORT CARE UNTIL DEATH• LUNG TRANSPLANTSLUNG TRANSPLANTS

• CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO TOXIC CHRONIC EXPOSURE TO TOXIC CHEMICALS, NOTABLY LONG-TERM CHEMICALS, NOTABLY LONG-TERM TOBACCO USETOBACCO USE

Meningitis: Inflammation of the lining of the spinal cord or

brainType or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

Bacterial or Bacterial or ViralViral

• VaccinationVaccination• Isolation/QuarantineIsolation/Quarantine

• Bacterial – AntibioticsBacterial – Antibiotics• Viral – Usually self-limitingViral – Usually self-limiting• Supportive careSupportive care

• Person-to-PersonPerson-to-Person• No vectorsNo vectors

Herpes

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

VirusVirus

• AvoidanceAvoidance• Safe SexSafe Sex•Avoid contact with old-world Avoid contact with old-world primatesprimates

• Person-to-PersonPerson-to-Person• SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE (STD)• Maternal-to-InfantMaternal-to-Infant• Primate- to- personPrimate- to- person

• NO CURENO CURE• ANTIVIRALS TO CONTROL ANTIVIRALS TO CONTROL OUTBREAKSOUTBREAKS

Lead Poisoning

Type or Form?

Mode of Transmission / Possible vectors?

Methods of prevention?

Available treatments?

EnvironmentEnvironmentalal

• Identification of “at risk” Identification of “at risk” personspersons• Environmental monitoringEnvironmental monitoring• AbatementAbatement• Chelation TherapyChelation Therapy

• Environmental exposureEnvironmental exposure (usually ingestion by infants/toddlers)(usually ingestion by infants/toddlers)

Lead Paint

Lead Shot

Switching Gears

IMMUNIZATIONSIMMUNIZATIONSImmunization is the process by which an individual's immune system becomes “trained” to protect a person from a disease agent.

NATURAL vs. ARTIFICIAL IMMUNIZATION

ACTIVE vs. PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION

VACCINATION

RECOMMENDED CHILDHOOD & ADOLESCENT IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE (Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP))

2009

Recommended recurring vaccinations for adults include INFLUENZA (annually) and TETANUS every 10 years)

DISEASES FOR WHICH THERE IS CURRENTLY NO VACCINATION

• Food Poisonings (E. coli, Salmonella, others)• AIDS• Encephalitis (Some vaccines in development or available

outside of the U.S.)• Gonorrhea• West Nile Virus (available for animals, human trials in

progress)• Botulism (In development/Experimental)• Syphilis• Emphysema• Lead Poisoning

By washing dishes in waterways you are releasing chemicals (soap, phosphorus) and food debris into the water. Also, the water may contain micro-organisms which you might ingest if you used wet dishes from the water source.

Leave No Trace

Daily indoor per capita water use in a typical Daily indoor per capita water use in a typical single family home is single family home is gallons! gallons!

Use Gallons per Capita

Percentage of Total Daily Use

Showers 11.6 16.8%Clothes Washers 15.0 21.7%

Dishwashers 1.0 1.4%

Toilets 18.5 26.7%Baths 1.2 1.7%Leaks 9.5 13.7%Faucets 10.9 15.7%Other Domestic Uses

1.6 2.2%

7700Here is how it breaks Here is how it breaks

down…….down…….

Visit this site to calculate your water consumption! http://www.csgnetwork.com/waterusagecalc.html

A VIRTUAL TOUR OF A A VIRTUAL TOUR OF A WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITYWASTEWATER TREATMENT FACILITY

http://www.rewaonline.org/treatment-process.php

LABORATORY ACTIVITY #3LABORATORY ACTIVITY #3Water Quality AnalysisWater Quality Analysis

TURBIDITY

pHDissolved O2

Please contact your local health department or consult a text book or the internet for help in completing this lab.

You may want to conduct an activity here. When this presentation was originally given, the badge leader performed some basic water quality analyses including pH, dissolved oxygen, and turbidity. Ideas for other activities can be found on the NYSDOH Public Health Works! Website: http://www.health.state.ny.us/prevention/public_health_works/ and www.worldwatermonitoringday.org.

DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE AND SOLID WASTE IN DISPOSAL OF SEWAGE AND SOLID WASTE IN WILDERNESS CAMPING ENVIRONMENTSWILDERNESS CAMPING ENVIRONMENTS

Pack it in, pack it out. Inspect your campsite and rest areas for trash or spilled foods. Pack out all trash, leftover food, and litter. Deposit solid human waste in holes dug 6 to 8 inches deep at least 200 feet from water, camp, and trails. Cover and disguise the hole when finished.Pack out toilet paper and hygiene products.To wash yourself or your dishes, carry water 200 feet away from streams or lakes and use small amounts of biodegradable soap. Scatter strained dishwater.

MAKING WATER SAFE TO DRINK WHILE MAKING WATER SAFE TO DRINK WHILE CAMPINGCAMPING

BOILING

FILTRATION

Common agents of concern found in water:Bacteria – E. coli, SalmonellaProtozoa – Giardia, CryptosporidiumChemical – Heavy metals, Organic compounds, Pesticides

CHEMICAL TREATMENTFollow directions for

safety. Ineffective against some agents.

FOOD SAFETYFOOD SAFETY

FOOD FOOD SAFETYSAFETY

VIDEO #1VIDEO #1

FOOD FOOD SAFETYSAFETY

VIDEO #2VIDEO #2

When this presentation was originally given, the badge leader showed 2 short videos on food safety. You may want to look for similar videos or other activities related to food safety.

FOOD SAFETY WHILE CAMPINGFOOD SAFETY WHILE CAMPING• KEEP PERISHABLE FOODS STORED AT

TEMPERATURES BELOW 40oF.• DO NOT ALLOW FOODS TO SIT AT

TEMPERATURES BETWEEN 40oF AND 140oF FOR MORE THAN 2 HOURS.

• ALWAYS THOUROUGHLY WASH HANDS BEFORE DOING ANY FOOD PREPARATION OR COOKING.

• DO NOT PREPARE/COOK FOOD ON THE GROUND, USE A TABLE OR GROUNDCLOTH.

• PLAN PORTIONS CAFEFULLY TO AVOID HAVING TO STORE LEFTOVERS.

• MAKE SURE COOKING UTENSILS AND MESS KITS ARE PROPERLY CLEANED AFTER USE.

• AVOID USING THE SAME UTENSILS FOR MEATS AND OTHER FOODS THAT WON’T BE COOKED, OR SANITIZE BETWEEN USES.

PROPER CLEANING OF PROPER CLEANING OF COOKING TOOLS & MESS KITSCOOKING TOOLS & MESS KITS

1. Use a rag or 1 piece of paper towel to wipe all leftover food scraps from utensils.

2. Fill the first wash pan ¾ full. Use 2 parts boiling water and 1 part cool, clean water. Add a DASH of soap.

“WASH PAN”

3. Fill a second wash pan ¾ full. Use 2 parts boiling water and 1 part cool, clean water. “RINSE PAN”

4. Fill a third wash pan ¾ full. Use all cool, clean water. Add a DASH of bleach. Leave the pan in the mixture for at least 1 minute for proper sanitation. “SANITIZE PAN”5. Rinse all pans out with the water from the “SANITIZE PAN”

and allow all dishes and pans to air-dry in a clean location.

HOW HOW NOTNOT TO WASH DISHES TO WASH DISHES AT CAMP…AT CAMP…

A FINAL THOUGHT ON A FINAL THOUGHT ON FOODBORNE ILLNESSFOODBORNE ILLNESS

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that every year in the United States…..

76 Million people suffer from foodborne illness

325,000 people must be hospitalized due to foodborne illness

5,000 people die due to complications from foodborne illness

Most of these illnesses and deaths could be prevented by hand washing!

And in case you haven’t picked up on the message

POLLUTIONPOLLUTION & & PUBLIC PUBLIC HEALTHHEALTHAIR POLLUTANTS

OF CONCERNSulfur Oxides Nitrogen Oxides VOCsCarbon Monoxide/Dioxide Particulates Toxics/Heavy Metal dusts Radioactive gasesOzonePathogens

Related Health ConditionsAsthma, COPD Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis Lung Cancer, MesotheliomaPneumonia, BronchitisAllergiesLegionnaire’s disease, CO poisoning

WATER POLLUTANTS OF CONCERNPathogensHeavy MetalsPesticidesDisinfection By-productsPetroleum Hydrocarbons

Related Health ConditionsAsthma, COPD Emphysema, Cystic Fibrosis CancerPneumonia, Bronchitis

NOISE POLLUTANTS SOURCES OF CONCERN

Headphone/Earbud useIndustrialTransportationShooting sportsHousehold

Related Health ConditionsHearing Loss Stress & Depression

www.epa.gov; www.health.state.ny.us

LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY IN NYSIN NYS

2007Heart Disease (26,081

[cases])Cancer (20,833)CLRD (4,835)Stroke (3,889)

Accidents (2,912)

2006Heart Disease

CancerCLRDStroke

Accidents

2005Heart Disease

CancerCLRDStroke

Accidents

2004Heart Disease

CancerCLRDStroke

Accidents

2003Heart Disease

CancerCLRDStroke

Accidents

Total Population

10- 19 Age Group

2003AccidentsSuicideCancer

Heart DiseaseHomicide

2004AccidentsSuicideCancer

HomicideHeart Disease

2005Accidents

CancerSuicide

Heart DiseaseCongenital

2006AccidentsHomicideSuicideCancer

Heart Disease

2007Accidents (162

[cases])Suicide (32)Cancer (31)

Homicide (13)Heart Disease (12)

YOUR THOUGHTS?YOUR THOUGHTS?

2008 REPORTABLE DISEASE 2008 REPORTABLE DISEASE TOTALS – ERIE COUNTYTOTALS – ERIE COUNTY

CHLAMYDIA – 4350GONORRHEA – 2026INFLUENZA – 233GIARDIASIS - 123ASEPTIC MENINGITIS – 122HIV – 119INVASIVE STREP PNUEMO – 116SALMONELLOSIS - 102

SO, HOW DOES THIS RELATE TO STATE MORTALITY TOTALS?

Enter the name of your Enter the name of your county health department county health department

here.here.Provide a graphical representation of the organizational structure of the department here to aid in the explanation of its functions.

Enter the name of any laboratories, Enter the name of any laboratories, environmental health program and/or environmental health program and/or

epidemiological program of your county epidemiological program of your county health department here.health department here.

Provide a graphic of the organizational structure of this department here.

Careers in Public HealthCareers in Public Health

Provide contact information here for someone who can respond to questions and answers.

THANK YOU FOR YOUR THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!ATTENTION!

PLEASE CLEAN UP PLEASE CLEAN UP AROUND YOU BEFORE AROUND YOU BEFORE

YOU LEAVE!YOU LEAVE!MAKE SURE YOU GET MAKE SURE YOU GET

YOUR SIGNED BLUE CARD YOUR SIGNED BLUE CARD BACK BEFORE YOU BACK BEFORE YOU

LEAVE!LEAVE!

AcknowledgementsMichael Simkins, Erie County Public Health LaboratoriesErie County Department of HealthDr. Millicent Eidson, New York State Department of HealthNew York State Department of Health, Office of Public Health Practice