bones and skeletal tissue

BONES AND SKELETAL TISSUE

CHAPTER 6

Skeletal Cartilage

Hyaline cartilage

Elastic cartilage

Fibrocartilage

Microscopic View of Cartilage

Growth of Cartilage

Appositional growth=“from the outside”

Interstitial growth=“from within”

CLASSIFICATION OF BONE

Location

CLASSIFICATION OF BONE

Shape

BONE MARKINGS Depressions and

Openings Fossa Fissure Foramen Meatus Canal Groove Sulcus Sinus

BONE MARKINGS Projections for

attachment Tuberosity Crest Trochanter Line Tubercle Epicondyle Spine Process

BONE MARKINGS

Projections that form joints Head Facet Condyle Ramus

FUNCTIONS OF BONE Support Protection Movement Storage Hematopoiesis

GROSS ANATOMY OFLONG BONES

GROSS ANATOMY OFFLAT BONES

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF COMPACT BONE

MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY OF COMPACT BONE

Composition of Compact Bone

Cells Osteoblasts Osteocytes Osteoclasts

Matrix Osteoid (organic) Hydroxapatites (inorganic)

Bone Physiology Bone Formation

Membranous ossification Endochondral ossification

Bone Growth Longitudinal growth Appositional growth

Bone Repair

BONE FORMATION

BONE FORMATION

BONE GROWTH: Length

BONE GROWTH: Width

HORMONAL CONTROL OF BLOOD CALCIUM LEVELS

FRACTURES Closed versus Open Treatments

Classification of Fractures Simple versus Compound Transverse versus Linear Displaced versus Non-displaced Complete versus Incomplete

Types of Fractures Comminuted Compressed Depressed Epiphyseal Impacted

Spiral Greenstick Colle’s Pott’s

BONE REPAIR

BONE DISORDERS Osteomyelitis Osteoporosis Spina bifida Achondroplasia Acromegaly Osteotitis Scoliosis Kyphosis Lordosis

Osteomalacia/Rickets Osteoma Osteotomy Ostectomy Ostalgia Metastatic calcification Spina bifida Cleft palate Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Things to Know From Chapter 7

Name the major bones Bone markings and their functions Number of bones Bone articulations