bm real-time technologies for suse linux enterprise real time
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IBM Real Time Technologies for SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time
Kerry KimMarketing ManagerNovellkkim@novell.com
Benjamin S. Vera-TudelaSr. Software EngineerIBMbveratudela@us.ibm.com
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.2
Outline
Challenges and Trends
What is Real Time?
IBM Technologies for Real Time
SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension
Real Time Benefits
Customers and Partners
Next Steps
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.3
Challenges
How can I …
• Use technology to be more responsive?
• Better utilize my resources?
• Cost effectively ensure QoS?
• Align IT to business priorities?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.4
Trends
Proprietary Software
Technology Specialization
Embedded Real Time Computing
Open Source Software
Technology Consumerization
Enterprise Real Time Computing
What is Real Time?
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.6
What Is Real Time?
HardRealTime
(Ultra Predictability)
SoftRealTime
(Ultra Low Latency)
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.7
What Is Hard Real Time?
• A hard real time application has tasks which have hard, firm deadlines for completion of their computation and require hard scheduling guarantees from the operating system and hardware platform
– Granular timers
– Thread scheduling
– Interrupt handling
– Critical sections
– Memory management
– Hardware latencies
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.8
What Is Soft Real Time?
• A soft real time application has tasks which can tolerate some missed deadlines and does not typically require hard scheduling guarantees from the OS or hardware platform
– Garbage collection
– Compiler support
– Low latency Middleware
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.9
Where Is Real Time Important?
Where highly predictable or very fast response times are needed
Real time response times have broad industry appeal in:
– Energy and Utilities– Financial Services– Manufacturing
– Military and Defense– Telecommunications
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.10
Hard Real Time Use Cases
Manufacturing: Military and Defense:
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.11
Soft Real Time Use Cases
Financial Services: Telecommunications:
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.12
How Can Real Time Help?
IBM and Novell® can help you ...
• Be more responsive to changing business needs
• Better utilize your existing IT resources
• Ensure QoS cost effectively
• Better align IT to business priorities
IBM Technology for Real Time
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.14
IBM WebSphere® Real Time V2.0 for: SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension
Real-time Linux
Select IBM System x Hardware
Compile
JavaArchive(JAR)
Bind
ClassCache
Real-timegarbage collector
Real-timeJIT
RTSJSupport
J9 VM
Java Standard Edition, Version6
Real-time feature Standard J9 component
• Java™ Standard Edition V6• Metronome RTGC
– Tunable garbage collector
• Compilation strategies for RT – Ahead of Time (AOT)– Just in Time (JIT)
• Real time specification for Java (JSR 1.0.2)
– Memory management– Thread management
• SLERT on Select Hardware– Enhanced for real
time workloads
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.15
Garbage Collection – Metronome
• Unique technology from IBM T.J. Watson Research– Garbage collection is scheduled as just another periodic
real time task
• Enables the use of off-the-shelf Java code– No need for specialized memory allocation schemes– Existing Java applications can experience latencies of up
to 1 ms without changes
Time
10 msSliding Window
Traditional
Real Time
Application
Garbage Collector
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.16
Compilation Strategies
• Compilation in Java is dynamic
– Code may be interpreted or compiled selectively through JIT
– JIT can run at unpredictable times and have unpredictable (although almost always positive) effect on performance
Compilejava code Jar Files AOT
Compile
Sample run with JIT
JIT compile log
OtherJar files
Realtimeexecution
BoundJar files
• For real time there are choices
Ahead-of-time (AOT) User-controlled JIT JIT-at-low-priority
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.17
Command Line Examples
• Metronome
– java -Xrealtime -Xgc:targetUtilization=80 yourApplication.class
• Ahead-of-Time
– javac -Xrealtime yourApplication.java
– jar -c yourApplication.jar yourApplication.class
– jxeinajar -Xrealtime yourApplication.jar -outPath aot
– java -Xrealtime -Xnojit -searchPath aot yourApplication.jar
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.18
Memory Management
• Partitions memory into non-garbage collected areas that allow special threads to run at priorities higher than that of the garbage collector
– Immortal memory> Areas allow allocated
objects to be accessible to all threads and never be collected
– Scoped memory> Areas can be created
and destroyed under programmer control with a specified maximum size intended for allocation
Heap ImmortalMemory
(includes globals)
Scope 1
Stack
Legal RTSJ Pointer
Legal, NHRT Inaccessible
Illegal RTSJ Pointer
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.19
Thread Management
• Predictable scheduler allows threads to execute based on their strict priorities– Real time threads
> May use the heap for memory allocations and are thus subject to garbage collection interrupts
– No-heap real time threads> Are not allowed to use the
heap and so are uninterrupted by garbage collection cycles
> Lowest latencies can be achieved by combining with scoped memory areas
10μs
100μs
1ms
10ms
100ms
1s
10s Real Time thread with Heapusing IBM Metronome real-time
garbage collector
NHRT thread With scopes
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.20
RTSJ Examples
for (int i = 0; i != NUMBER_OF_POOL_THREADS_PER_PRODUCTION_LINE; i++) { MyRunnable r = new MyRunnable();
NoHeapRealtimeThread t = new NoHeapRealtimeThread(new PriorityParameters(30), null, null, ImmortalMemory.instance().newInstance(MyObject.class), null, r); t.start();
}
final IndirectRef<MemoryArea> myMemRef = new IndirectRef<MemoryArea>(); /* The LTMemory object has to be created in a memory area that the
* NHRTs can access. */
ImmortalMemory.instance().enter(new Runnable() { public void run() {
myMemRef.ref = new LTMemory(10000000); }
});
final MemoryArea simMemArea = myMemRef.ref;
simMemArea.enter(new Runnable() { public void run() {
…
}
}
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.21
IBM WebSphere® Real Time V2.0 for SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server
• Java™ Standard Edition V6
• Metronome RTGC– Tunable garbage collector
• Compilation Strategies for RT – Ahead of Time (AOT)– Just in Time (JIT)
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server
• Compatible x86 Hardware
Standard Linux
Select IBM System x Hardware
Real-timegarbage collector
Real-timeJIT
J9 VM
Java Standard Edition, Version6
Real-time feature
Standard J9 component
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.22
Combining WebSphere, Linux, and Java for Differentiated QoS• WebSphere Virtual Enterprise
with WebSphere Real Time– Java Standard Edition V6– Metronome RTGC– Compilation strategies for RT – On-demand router (ODR)
for priority routing
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Server
• Compatible x86 Hardware
Standard Linux
Select IBM System x Hardware
Real-timegarbage collector
J9 VM
WebSphere Virtual Enterprise
Real-time feature
Standard J9 component
On Demand Router
J9 VMWebSphere App Srv WebSphere App SrvWebSphere App Srv
Real-timegarbage collector
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.23
Deciding Between Real Time Offerings
• Hard Real Time– If your goal is to achieve extreme
predictability all the time– Latency* (worst case):
> ≤ 1 ms using RT Java Threads> ≤ 200 μs using NHRTs
(equivalent to C/C++ latencies)
• Soft Real Time– If your goal is to improve
predictability most of the time– Latency*:
> ≤ 3 ms 99.999% of the times
*Latencies may vary depending upon system configuration and workload.
200μs 1ms 2ms 3ms
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.24
Other IBM Software for Soft Real Time
WebSphere MQ Low-Latency Messaging: A messaging transport that is highly optimized for the very high-volume, low-latency requirements of financial services firms. Applications include the high-speed delivery of market data, trade data, reference data and event data in or between front-, middle- and back-office operations. Characteristic applications require extremely low (sub-millisecond) latency and high message volumes (up to millions of messages per second).
SolidDB: Relational in-memory database software that delivers extreme speed, performing up to ten times faster than conventional databases. It uses the familiar SQL language to allow applications to achieve throughput of tens of thousands of transactions per second with response times measured in microseconds, while also providing applications with extreme data availability (along with sub-second failover to another instance of solidDB).
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.25
IBM System x Hardware Certified for: SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension
• System Management Interrupts (SMIs) are used to perform a variety of tasks at the CPU level
– Report fatal and non-fatal hardware errors– Perform power management (thermal throttling, power capping)– SMIs introduce latencies that are hard to detect
• HS22, x3650 M2, x3550 M2, HS21 XM, LS22, LS21– Optimized to support real-time workloads through
SMI remediation> Moves non-fatal event handling to the OS> BIOS handles only fatal events> New OS service manages entering/exiting the SMI-free state
SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.27
SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension What it Is
An extension to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server that converts the general purpose operating system into a real time operating system
A product specifically engineered to reduce the latency, increase the predictability and reliability of your time sensitive mission critical applications, and lower costs
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.28
SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension How It Works
Before
After
Kernel
Process APre-empted
Process AContinues
Time
2 MicroSeconds
Ethernet
InfiniBand
Shielding Preemption
Infiniband High Resolution Timers
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.29
Customers and Partners
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.30
Thomson Reuters• Thomson Datafeeds – a hosted service that provides real time data from major global exchanges, and trading venue, options, international F/X, and consolidated order books
• Robust, scalable real time platform to power a high throughput, low latency, hosted market data feed service
• Real time OS that can easily be integrated with the other “best of breed” components of their market data feed platform
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time
• Successful launch and delivery of Thomson Datafeeds service• Scalable infrastructure that can easily grow as demand grows• Superior experience through one stop support for its software infrastructure
Workloads
BusinessIssues
Novell®
Solution
Results
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.31
ThyssenKrupp Electrical Steel• Shop floor planning, control, monitoring, analysis and automation systems used in the production of high-grade grain-oriented electrical steel
• Robust real time platform to optimize time-critical manufacturing process control systems, help maximize production yields, and meet ISO9001 certification standards
• Affordable solution using industry standard COTS components
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time
• Affordable, flexible solution that accurately measures 200+ distinct values for each meter of steel produced and is integrated with their quality management system
• Reliable 24x7 system that delivers guaranteed sub 30 millisecond response times to ensure high quality production
Workloads
BusinessIssues
Novell®
Solution
Results
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.32
UMB Financial Corporation• Identity verification and authentication system for UMB's online customers
• Ensure online banking customers have fast, predictable, and secure access to their confidential financial information
• Ensure SLA's are affordably met, even under unpredictable and variable system loads
• SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time• Novell® Identity Manager, Novell eDirectory™, iChain®, Audit, and Novell Access Manager™
• Increased performance 10% under light loads, and over 150% under heavy system loads
• Reduced number of servers needed to meet SLA's from 20 to 6 – a 70% reduction.
Workloads
BusinessIssues
Novell®
Solution
Results
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.33
Summary
IBM WebSphere with SUSE® Linux Enterprise Real Time Extension helps:
Reduce latency
Increase predictability
Increase reliability
... of time sensitive mission critical applications, helping firms to:
Respond rapidly
Increase availability
Lower costs
© Novell, Inc. All rights reserved.34
Next Steps
• Learn more– http://www.novell.com/realtime– http://www.ibm.com/linux/realtime.html
• Download eval– http://www.novell.com/products/realtime/eval.html– http://www.ibm.com/software/webservers/realtime/
• Contact us– Kerry Kim, kkim@novell.com– Benjamin Vera-Tudela, bveratudela@us.ibm.com
© Copyright IBM Corporation 2010
IBM Corporation New Orchard RoadArmonk, NY 10504 U.S.A.
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