biosphere plant
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Revenues
Waste tipping and processing fees
Sales of by-products and recyclables
Electricity Sales
Green Energy CreditsBiomass Tax Credits
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About the Biosphere Process
Gasification at 3,000 Fahrenheit.
Waste is turned into gas under a low oxygen/negative atmosphere environment.
Process is continually monitored using a sophisticated proprietary computerized system.
Because of the very limited amount of oxygen injected into the Biosphere, the system meets with andexceeds all European and US atmospheric emissions standards.
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The Biosphere and EcoTechnology
Electricity 5 to 7 tons of waste per hour which can equal 5 MW per hour
As a byproduct the system can produce up to 5,000 gallons per hour of Potable water to
World Health Standards Production of carbon black, the major ingredient used in the printing and cosmetics industries
Metal recycling
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Municipal Solid Waste
Automobile and Truck Tires
Petroleum and Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Waste Agricultural Surpluses, animal waste or Animal Parts Waste and Effluents
Industrial Waste
Sour or Wet Natural Gas without refining
Soil-contaminated Waste
Land Fill Reclamation
Traditional Fossil Fuels, including sulfur contaminated coal and untreated Shale Oil
Petroleum drilling waste such as oil-contaminated Top Soil,
Drill Cuttings and Oil-contaminated Ground Water
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Biosphere Extraction OptionsLife Energy's philosophy is to recover as many profitable by-products for reuse, depending on the demands in the
local economy. The Biosphere Processing System can reclaim many valuable resources: Pozzolanic Ash
Pozzolanic ash is the residue collected from the Biosphere System. It has several commercial uses, including use as a road
base and as a material for making concrete block. When included in cement mix, the ash provides iron oxide, silica, and
alumina that considerably strengthen the cement; doing so avoids the cost of purchasing these additives separately.
High-Alloy Steel WireHigh-alloy steel wire extracted from used tires typically contains titanium or vanadium and is a cost-effective alternative to
purchasing these materials separately when creating a steel melt that requires their inclusion.
Carbon Black
Because of the unique design of the Biosphere System, every Biosphere facility that disposes tires can produce extremely high-
quality carbon black. Carbon black is an important filler in the rubber industry and next to titanium dioxide; it is the most
important pigment in printing inks, toners, single-ply roofing, paints, and plastics.
Electricity
The Biosphere System produces 5 megawatts of electricity an hour which is enough to generate enough power to supply about5,000 households annually.
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The Biosphere Process, safely, efficiently and under minimal oxygen conditions,
gasifies traditional and non-traditional by-products, and/or fossil fuels, into electricityand other beneficial by-products. The Biosphere Process assists in solving the
global warming problem by converting disposable materials such as:
Municipal Solid Waste
Automobile and Truck Tires
Petroleum and Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Waste
Agricultural Surpluses, animal waste or Animal Parts Waste and Effluents
Industrial Waste Sour or Wet Natural Gas without refining
Soil-contaminated Waste
Land Fill Reclamation
Traditional Fossil Fuels, including sulfur contaminated coal and untreated
Shale Oil
Petroleum drilling waste such as oil-contaminated Top Soil, Drill Cuttings andOil-contaminated Ground Water
INTO CLEAN, GREEN ELECTRICITY, and or PROCESS STEAM .
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The Biosphere Process System, has been tested to European and US
EPA standards by Bord na Mna Environmental Limited.
The Biosphere Process Systemmeets and exceeds the requirements of
the newest EPA regulations, the newest European Union regulations and
all appropriate operations and emissions standards in any clients
jurisdictions
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6.0 CONCLUSION
The results from the extractive monitoring survey are presented in Tables 5.15.12. The results obtained arecompared with guideline values and limits referenced from the following sources:
1 : EPA Integrated Pollution Control LicensingBatneec Guidance Note for the Waste Sector (Revision 1May
1996)
2 : COUNCIL DIRECTIVE of 8 June 1989 on the prevention of air pollution from new municipal waste incineration
plants (89/369/EEC)
3 : COMMON POSITION (EC) No 7/2000 adopted by the Council on 25 November 1999 with a view to adopting
Directive 2000//EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of on the incineration of waste (2000/C 25/02)
The results show that the levels of dioxins/furans are below both the Batneec guidance value and the pending EU
Directive limit of 0.1ng (I-TEQ)/m3by a factor of at least 10. There are currently no limits or pending limits for
the emissions of PCBs, PAHs, chlorobenzenes and chlorophenols to atmosphere from thermal gasification
units. The individual levels of these species are low and on many cases below the analytical limit of detection.
The levels of metals detected are low, with many concentrations below the analytical detection limit. The metals thatwere detected include iron, zinc, manganese, copper and tin. Non-isokinetic sampling was carried out to
determine levels of hexavalent chromium and these were shown to be below the limit of detection. With the
exception of mercury, there are no limits for individual metals. Limits are however, set down in each of the
three sources, that amalgamate certain metals and these are presented in Table 6.1.
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Stage One: MSW CollectedIn stage one, municipal solid waste is collected by the client and delivered to the facility.
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MSW collection and Handling
traditional landfilling
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Sorting Options
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Range of handling equipment
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Range of handling equipment
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Shredders
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Pelletisers
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Unit available for outputs up to 50 tons/hour
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Pellets
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Stage Two: MSW SortedIn stage two, municipal solid waste can be sorted to provide separation for plastics and rubber recovery; metals,
glass, and aggregate recovery. Typically, this sorting operation is at a rate of 30 Tons/hour during peak operating
hours (9am through 4.30pmthus, avoiding truck movements and municipal solid waste delivery at night). Each
receiving line can separate municipal solid waste into two feedstock streams: comprising putrescible (organic)
and non-putrescible (non-organic) materials. If operating at the typical rate (30 T/hr) at 80% capacity one
receiving line should process sufficient municipal solid waste to power a system for a 24 hour period.
Materials could be further sorted to allow plastics and rubber recovery before being shredded in advance of
valuable metals recovery. All of the recoverable aluminum and ferrous metals can be removed from the wastestream, using rotating trommels equipped with band magnets and hand-picking stations designed to achieve the
maximum possible percentage recovery of these materials. Finally, glass, aggregates, concrete products, and
sand could also be removed using a Biosphere Separator.
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Stage Three Residual Material Converted to Biosphere FlakesIn stage three, all other residual material in the waste stream (as per agreed specifications with the client)is forced through a Biosphere Densifier, which compacts the municipal solid waste into Biosphere
Flakes at the rate of 30 Tons/hour; these flakes drive the Biosphere Process.
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Stage Four: Biosphere Flakes Pellets Converted to Flux andPozzolanic AshIn stage four, the Biosphere Flakes / Pellets are converted into a 1832F - 3272F flux using a Biosphere
Venturi. The process is designed to produce a high value inert Pozzolanic ash, which is then recycled into
concrete products for the building industry, thus ensuring 100% recycling of all municipal solid waste.
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Stage Five: Flux Used to Power TurbineIn stage five, the 1832
F - 3272
F flux produced in stage four is used to power a steam turbine for micro-
power generation. This heat then produces a by-product, electricity production. The electricity produced
can be used to power local industry. The high heat can also be used for desalination, water purification, air
conditioning, food processing, etc.
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It is the elevated temperature in Chamber 3, 2100 2500 marked here with the
number 8 that destroys any pollutants that might be emitted to the atmosphere. This
elevated temperature is achieved by the careful monitoring of oxygen and
temperature using the probes installed in Chamber 3. Achieving this elevatedtemperature is achieved by the gasification that takes place in Chamber 1, the
gasification chamber labelled here as 3, and the primary oxidation that takes place in
the primary oxidation chamber or chamber 2, labelled here as 2. As with Chamber 3,
temperature and oxygen concentrations are carefully controlled in Chamber 2, with a
series of ten oxygen and temperature probes marked here as 4.
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The system is maintained at negative pressures by the combined use of the
induction fan and air handling equipment at the rear of the system seen in
picture 11, and the primary and secondary air fans seen in picture 1. The
operation of these fans are controlled by variable speed motors that arecontrolled by our Schneider Control package that runs on a Modicon PLC
(appendix 2) that is windows controlled picture 4.
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Plants are designed, built, delivered, commissioned and
monitored by Biosphere Development Corporation.
Plants are delivered complete with all required
machinery, except locally required materials handling
and electrical substations.
Plants have been in operation with clients for 5 years
Operational and engineering reports available
Plants are designed to operate for 8700 hours per annum
Programmed maintenance and support takes one hour
per week
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Plants have a 25 year program life
All plants are fully guaranteed and warranted by our
manufacturer
Plants make electricity continually in 5MW/hourincrements
Plants consume waste in 8 tonnes per hour increments.
Saleable Byproducts include
A 15 MW per hour plant requires 15,000 square feet
Local civil engineering works are client dependant
We deliver and install in 12 weeks
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Plants are designed, built, delivered, commissioned and
monitored by Biosphere Development Corporation.
Plants are delivered complete with all required
machinery, except locally required materials handling
and electrical substations.
Plants have been in operation with clients for 5 years
Operational and engineering reports available
Plants are designed to operate for 8700 hours per annum
Programmed maintenance and support takes one hour
per week
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Philippines 31
Country Profile-Philippines82-88 million population nationwide
12 million resides in Metropolitan Manila
area; 17 LGUs compose the Metro Manilaarea
1,700 cities and municipalities nationwide
42,000 barangay units
Wet and dry season
Island nation
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Status on the Implementation of RA 9003
Indicator National M. Mla
Per capita MSW generation rate(kgs/day)
0.30-0.71 0.32-0.71
MSW generated (tons/year) 12 million 2.5 million
Collection efficiency Urban: 70%
Rural: 40%
83%
% of waste recovered and
reused
13% 25%
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Status on the Implementation of RA 9003
Indicator National M. Mla
% of MSW composted 10%
% of recycled and sold 5% 6-12%
% of MSW disposed in controlled dumps 30%
Number of disposal facilities(OD, CDF, SLF)
909 8
Sanitary Landfills 1
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Status on the Implementation of RA 9003
Indicator National M. Mla
Closed Sanitary Landfill 2
No. of MRFs 829 220
% of LGU Budget alloted to SWM 1-24% P64.00-
P1,164.00
Per capita allocations in LGUs P12.00-
P250.00
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N ti l W t G ti
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2000 2010Mln. T/Yr. % of total Mln. T/Yr % of total
NCR 2.45 23.0 3.14 22.3Cordillera AR 0.17 1.6 0.21 1.5Ilocos 0.50 4.7 0.63 4.5Cagayan Valley 0.32 3.0 0.40 2.8Central Luzon 0.96 9.0 1.32 9.4Southern Tagalog 1.42 13.3 2.11 15.0Bicol 0.54 5.1 0.65 4.6Western Visayas 0.82 7.7 1.00 7.1Central Visayas 0.74 7.0 1.01 7.2Eastern Visayas 0.43 4.0 0.51 3.6Western Mindanao 0.40 3.8 0.53 3.8Northern Mindanao 0.37 3.4 0.47 3.4Southern Mindanao 0.70 6.6 0.97 6.9Central Mindanao 0.33 3.1 0.41 2.9ARMM 0.26 2.5 0.39 2.7Caraga 0.26 2.4 0.31 2.2National 10.67 100 14.05 100
National Waste Generation (2000-2010)
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Allot land for the Facility and allow Spectrum to use for aminimum 25 years
Hauling of solid wastes to the Facility
LGU to exert its full effort to achieve 100% collection andsegregation target
Barangay MRF will continue to operate, sending residual and non-recyclable materials to the facility
Pay the tipping fee (discounted, subject to negotiation)
Security of the site and facility
Acquisition of permits, licenses and other governmentcompliances
Local labor, being trained by Spectrum Blue Steel/GEECF
LGU Counterpart
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SPECTRUM BLUE STEEL CONSULTANTS, INC. is
a domestic corporation duly registered under the laws
of the Philippines and holds an exclusive license to theBiosphere Technology from BIOSPHERE
DEVELOPMENT CORPORATION /GLOBAL
ENVIRONMENT AND ENERGY CORPORATION
in the Philippines. President is Ronald Shane Flynn and
Chief Executive Officer is Ruth P. Briones.
Company Background
The Biosphere and EcoTechnology
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