bioeconomy – what is it and where is it related to? · products of bioeconomy 33 124 000...

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Bioeconomy – what is it and where is itrelated to?

Anne ToppinenDepartment of Forest Sciences, University of Helsinki

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• Sustainable development• Circular economy• Green economy• Bioeconomy (or biobased

economy, usedinterchangegably): Substitutionon fossilebased with renewablematerials at core

Key sustainability concepts:

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Breakdown of bioeconomy jobsand turnover in EU (9 % of total):

JRC 2016, Bioeconomy report

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Bioeconomy at policy level –case Finland (Source: TEM 2014)

A wellfunctioninginnovationsystemneeded!

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Forest bio-economy reality?Example from Finnish Bio-economyStrategy (Statistics Finland, 2011)

Output, (Billion €) Employees

Food 16 128 000Products of bioeconomy 33 124 000Technologies of bioeconomy 4 6 000

Renewable energy <1 < 3 000Purification and delivery of water <1 < 2 000

Services <3 33 900Bioeconomy (Total) 60 319 000% of total Finnish economy 16 % 12 %

Proportion of ”Forest bio-economy”about 50 % of the total bioeconomy

value!

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Example: Water resources –”blue bioeconomy”

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1. A vision for the future: This entails a necessary or desirable paradigm shift – aneconomy that is built on the innovative use of sustainably sourced regenerativenatural resources, as opposed to an economy based mostly on fossil resources.

2. A concept to describe real changes: The concept refers to observable currentand expected future changes in the forest sector, such as the diversification of theend uses of wood, diminishing industry boundaries, or the commercialization offorest ecosystem services.

3. A synonym for the forest sector: The concept does not mean somethingessentially new– it can be used interchangeably with the concept of forest sector.

4. A useful lobbying concept: The concept gives a new identity and critical mass forthe bio-based sectors.

5. A problematic lobbying concept: A concept that, for instance, narrows down theperspective on forests to biomass and industrial uses.

Hurmekoski (2017) – five ways tounderstand the concept forest-bioeconomy:

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• Fossil fueldependency down

• Combatting ecosystemdecline

• Boosting economicdevelopment and jobcreation

Nexus of bioeconomy and forestsector – the role of sustainability:

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Value-added pyramid in forest-based bioeconomy

(TEM, Ministry of Employment and the Economy, 2011)

InnovationIntensityincreases

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Industry linkages within forestbioeconomy/forest cluster –Products and services?

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A comparison of bioeconomytransition in Finland with theNetherlands (Bosman and Rotmans 2017).

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• What do you see as most criticalelements to development of

bioeconomy?

Q for pairs:

BIO-ECONOMY

ACTORS:Who’s makingthe change?

HOW?Innovations/Innovation

system

INSTITUTIONALSUPPORT

Socialacceptance

Sustainability

WITH WHOM?Collaboration

??

??

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…more recently also a circularbioeconomy (Source: Antikainen et al. 2017)

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Antikainen et al. 2017. Renewal of forest based manufacturing towards asustainable circular bioeconomy (RECIBI project report).https://helda.helsinki.fi/handle/10138/186080Bosman, R. & Rotmans, J. 2016. Transition Governance towards aBioeconomy: A Comparison of Finland and the Netherlands. Sustainability8: 1017.Hurmekoski, E. 2017. Frontiers of a sustainable forest-based bioeconomy –a European Delphi study. Manuscript.JRC. 2016. Bioeconomy report.http://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/bitstream/JRC103138/kjna28468enn.pdfRoos, A. & Stendahl, M. 2016. The emerging bioeconomy and forest sector.Book chapter 10 in ”Forests, business and sustainability” (Ed. Panwar etal.), Earthscan.

Some related literature:

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Forest bioeconomy: Finnishexample

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rlp4_TeqzkE&feature=youtu.be (Bioeconomy Era)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rUElPYaxgqs (Stora Enso ad, WHAT A TREE CAN DO?)

http://www.biotalous.fi/video-forest-based-bioeconomy-in-finland/?lang=en (mostpompous!)