bio-energy in the philippines - eclareon · bio-energy in the philippines ... -eliminates manual...
Post on 22-Jul-2018
225 Views
Preview:
TRANSCRIPT
BIO-ENERGY IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Presented by:
ENGR. ANDRES M. TUATES JR, RPAE, MSc
Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and Mechanization (PHilMech)
CLSU Compound, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija
Philippines
Status and Utilization
Manila
Situated 147 km north of Manila
Center of agricultural research and technology in
Central Luzon
home to 18 various research and development
centers Central Luzon State University (CLSU)
Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and Mechanization
(PhilMech) – Formerly Bureau of Postharvest Research and Extension
(BPRE)
Philippine Rice Research Institute (PhilRice)
Philippine-Sino Center for Agriculture Technology (PhilsCAT)
Philippine-Israel Center for Agricultural Technology (PICAT)
Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR)
Fruits and Vegetables Seeds Center (FVSC)
Regional Crop Protection Center (RCPC)
Philippine Carabao Center (PCC)
National Small Ruminant Center (NSRC)
Soil and Water Resources Management Center (SWRMC)
Department of Environmental & Natural Resources (DENR)
Department of Science & Technology – Provincial Science &
Technology Center – (DOST –NE )
National Freshwater and Fisheries Training and Research Center
(NFFTRC)
National Irrigation Administration - Casecnan Multi-purpose Irrigation
and Power Project (NIA-CMIPP)
Regional Science & Training Center (RSTC)
Center for Agricultural Resources and Environmental Studies
(RMCARES)
Mandate
Generate, extend
and
commercialize
appropriate and
problem-oriented
agriculture and
fishery
postharvest and
mechanization
technologies.
Vision
“The premier
center for
postharvest and
mechanization
development for a
globally
competitive and
sustainable
agriculture and
fishery sector..”
Mission
- to empower the
agriculture and
fishery sector by:
- increasing resource-
use efficiency and
productivity,
- reducing losses and
adding value to the
produce through
research,
development and
extension.
World Energy Outlook, September 2013
Introduction
Energy in the ASEAN Region
Introduction
13,212,54
11,5510,89
9,24
7,26
5,61
4,623,96 3,96 3,96 3,96
3,3
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
P/ k
W h
r
International Comparison of Cost of Electricity
Energy Market Authority, Singapore in 2013
World Energy Outlook, September 2013
Introduction
Access to modern energy services in ASEAN, 2011
0
9
66
1 0
2528
0 13
0
1310
41
4447
0
18
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
BruneiDarussalam
Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Vietnam
Po
pu
lati
on
, m
illio
n
Population without access to electricity
Population relying on traditional use ofbiomass for cooking
Introduction
The capability to
have an affordable,
dependable, and
renewable energy
source is one of the
important concerns
nowadays.
Introduction
Rice Harvesting
Agricultural Waste/ Biomass
(upper) (Lower)
Rice Hull = 3.36 million MT
Rice Straw = 15.6 million MT
R
I
C
E
Corn Harvesting
Corn Stalk (upper = 1,15 MMT) Corn Stalk (Lower) = 0.27 MMT)
Husk = 0.24 MMT Cobs = 0.51 MMT
Agricultural Waste/ Biomass
C
O
R
N
BiomassVolume
(MMT/yr)
Coconut
- Husk
- Shell
- Fronds
8.57
1.37
5.89
1.31
Sugarcane
- bagasse
- cane trash
0.34
0.25
0.09
Agricultural Waste/ Biomass
Volume
(MMT/yr)
Swine
- Waste
Chicken
- Manure
8.76
6.44
Total 15.20
Animal Waste/ Manure
Potential of Biomass for Energy
Generation
Source: USAID, 2012
2,215 MW
15 provinces in
Mindanao have
potential biomass
energy with a total of
1,316 megawatts
(MW).
1. Direct Combustion
2. Biomass Carbonization and
Densification
3. Gasification
4. Biogas
5. Alcohol/ Ethanol Production
Technology
Existing Bio-energy Conversion
Technologies
1. Direct Combustion - This makes use of
agricultural residues such as rice-hull
from the mill, cogeneration using coconut
shell, bagasse in sugar mills, kiln-drying
of lumber, tobacco-curing, bakeries and
other industries for the generation of
electrical and heat energy.
Existing Bio-energy Conversion
Technologies
1. PhilMech Biomass Furnace
Biomass Furnace
- Simple and compact
design
- Fully automatic
operation
- Clear air output
- With excellent
temperature control
system
- With ash scrubber unit
- 2 in 1 machine (heater
and carbonizer)
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
1. PhilMech Flat Bed Dryer
- Low maintenance and operating cost
- Dries paddy from dripping wet to 14% moisture content in 10-
12 hours using a drying temperature of 40-45 deg C
- Driven by a 12.5 hp diesel engine
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
2. PhilMech Reversible Flat Bed Dryer
- Eliminates manual
mixing of paddy bed
during drying
operation
- Minimize the
moisture content
gradient present in
the grain bed after
drying process at 0.7
to 1.0 %.
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
Developed a two-stage drying
system for coco peat
belt press as the first stage dryer
rotary drum as the second stage
PHilMech multi-
fuel biomass
furnace
PHilMech
Rotary Dryer
3. Drying System for Export Quality
Coco Peat
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
• Six layers of conveyor belts
of stainless steel wire mesh
• Fitted with PHilMech
biomass furnace
• Belt dryer has good potential
• For further improvement in
terms of drying control
mechanisms, reducing heat
losses, proper matching of
furnace and dryer capacities,
together with a potential
investor
4. Drying System for
Granulated Cassava as Animal
Ingredient
Biomass-Fed Mechanical Dryer
5. Drying System for Philippine Cocoa Beans
• Fixed-bed dryer with biomass furnace results to faster drying of
3-4 days compared to 6-8 days in greenhouse dryer
• Cocoa beans well dried, very brown, no molds
Rice Hull-Fired Power Plant
2. Biomass Carbonization - Charcoal is used
for domestic cooking and other applications.
Charcoal making from agri-residues is
gaining many acceptances.
Densification can be categorized into four
main types, namely: piston press
densification, screw press densification, roll
press densification, and pelletizing.
Existing Bio-energy Conversion
Technologies
Briquetting System
Hammer milling
Mechanical mixing
Briquetting
CRH
+ corn cob
CRH
+ paperCRH CCC
CRH
+ coconut
shell
CRH
+ sawdust
CRH
+ ricehull
Charcoal-Fired Oven
• It has a drying tray, charcoal pan and ash collector
• Low cost
• Easy to operate
• Utilize locally available materials
Cookstove
3. Gasification - This is the process biomass
fuel goes through to obtain fuel gas which
can either be burned in a boiler or used for
generating mechanical power using a diesel
engine.
Existing Bio-energy Conversion
Technologies
PHilRice Gasifier Stove
Mobile Gasifier
4. Biogas –is a kind of gas that is produced
during the anaerobic processing of
organic matter such as manure, plant
matter, or even municipal waste materials.
Existing Bio-energy Conversion
Technologies
Uses
- Cooking
- Brooding and mantle lamp
- Commercial oven
- Generator
- Waster pump
- Rice cooker
Bureau of Animal Industry
Biogas Technology
Bureau of Animal Industry
Biogas Technology
Bureau of Animal Industry
Biogas Technology
PHilSCAT Biogas Technology
DSAC Biogas Technology
Covered Lagoon Biogas
Technology
Alcohol/ Ethanol Production
Technology
This is when
alcohol is blended with
petroleum products to be
used as fuel in engines.
There are 3 main kinds of
alcohol-fuel blends:
alcogas, al-gas, and alco-
diesel.
• The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) of 1997 – exemption
from the payment of tariff and duties for the importation of agriculture and
fisheries inputs, equipment and machinery including renewable energy systems.
• The Clean Air Act 1999 aims to protect the country’s bodies of water from
pollution.
• The Ecological solid waste management act 2000
• The Clean water act 2004
• The Biofuel Act 2006 provide fiscal incentives and mandate the use of biofuel-
blended gasoline and diesel fuels
• The Renewable Energy Act of 2008 aims to further increase the renewable energy
utilization in the country, including biogas which comes from agricultural wastes.
• The Agricultural and Fisheries Mechanization (AFMech) of 2013 - Development
and utilization of renewable energy resources for agricultural and fisheries
equipment and machineries
• Department of Agriculture AO# 2015 – Creation of the National Animal Waste
Resource Management Program (NAWRMP).
Bio-energy Policies
• Practice of open field burning of agricultural waste/
biomass is the cheapest and practical option prior to
land preparation.
• Non-availability of efficient collection system of
biomass after harvesting
• Lack of appropriate/ modern bio-energy technology
• Limited initial capital expenditure
• Lack of institutional set-up that could facilitate and
promote biomass production for energy.
Barriers on Biomass Utilization/
Adoption
• Energy from biomass constitutes an important part of the total
energy supply in the country.
• Biomass energy is an ideal option to replace expensive energy
supply during peak hours
• Agricultural waste/ Biomass is widely distributed and available in
the country
• Agricultural waste/ biomass has the most positive community
impact in the avoidance burning agricultural waste
• Power from the agricultural waste/ biomass has significant
potential across the entire country.
• Biogas technology was included in the animal waste resource
management program
• The government and the private sector must join hand and hand to
utilize the untapped energy from biomass.
Final Remarks
THANK YOU and
God Bless !
top related