bio 22 post-lab - the muscular system (new ver.)

The Muscular System

Christian BueranoAbby CortezWindale delos SantosMelizza SorianoArah Sacdalan

DORSAL SIDE

VENTRAL SIDE

MUSCLES OF THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH AND TONGUE

Genohyoid

Hyoglossus

Myohoid

Submental

Origin: inner side of the lower jawInsertion: tendon in median lineAction: raises the floor of the mouth for breathing

Myohoid

Submental

Origin: anterior end of the mandibleInsertion: tendon in mid-lineAction: pushes sublingual tubercle on lower jaw

Genohyoid

Origin: dorsally on coracoid and clavicleInsertion: ventral side of the hyoidAction: bulges hyoid ventrally

Hyoglossus

Origin: hyoidInsertion: tongueAction: retracts of withdraws tongue forward

LOWER JAW

Masseter

Depressor Mandibuli

Temporalis

Depressor Mandibuli

Origin: posterior edge of the tympanic ring via dorsal fasciaInsertion: posterior-most end of the lower jawAction: opens the mouth

Temporalis

Origin: side of the skull between eye and tympanic ringInsertion: near posterior end of the lower jawAction: closes the mouth

Masseter

Origin: tympanic ring and adjacent bonesInsertion: lower jaw, behind temporalAction: closes the mouth

PECTORAL GIRDLE, SHOULDERS, AND ARMS

Sterno-radialis Deltoid

PectoralisEpicoracoidea

Pectoralis Sternalis

Pectoralis Abdominis

*Cutaneous Pectoralis

Origin: coracoid and epicoracoid bonesInsertion: anterior end of the humerusAction: draws arms towards the chest/adduction of arms

Pectoralis Epicoracoidea

Pectoralis Sternalis

Origin: xiphisternumInsertion: anterior end of the humerusAction: draws arms towards the chest

Pectoralis Abdominis

Origin: anterior half of the rectus abdominisInsertion: anterior end of the humerusAction: draws arms towards the chest

Deltoid

Origin: clavicle, scapula, and omosternumInsertion: deltoid crest of humerusAction: draws arm forward

Sterno-radialis

Origin: episternumInsertion: proximal part of the radius by tendonAction: flexes forearm and the humerus

ABDOMINAL WALL

External Oblique

Transversus

Rectus Abdominis

External Oblique

Origin: dorsal fasciaInsertion: linea alba dorsal to the previous muscleAction: compressor of the abdomen and respiratory muscle

Rectus Abdominis

Origin: pubisInsertion: dorsally on sternum and coracoidAction: supports the abdomen, holds the sternum

Transversus

Origin: transverse process of the 4th to 9th vertebrae and the iliac boneInsertion: coracoid and xiphisternumAction: same with the external oblique

BACK AND PELVIC GIRDLE

Ilio-lumbaris

Dorsalis Scapulae

Latissimus Dorsi

Longissimus Dorsi

Gluteus

Coccygeo-iliacus Coccygeo-

sacralis

Origin: scapulaInsertion: tendon joining the latissimus dorsiAction: raises arm towards body

Dorsalis Scapulae

Latissimus Dorsi

Origin: dorsal fasciaInsertion: on deltoid crestAction: raises arm dorsally

Longissimus Dorsi

Origin: urostyleInsertion: vertebrae and the back of the skullAction: straightens the back and raises the head

Ilio-lumbaris

Origin: anterior end of the iliumInsertion: transverse process of the sacral vertebraAction: extensor of the back

Coccygeo-sacralis

Origin: periphery of the urostyleInsertion: transverse process of the 9th sacral vertebraAction: singly turns the back and raises it

Coccygeo-iliacus

Origin: periphery of the urostyleInsertion: anterior part of the ileumAction: holds urostyle in place

Gluteus

Origin: middle of the lateral surface of the ileumInsertion: anterior side of head of femurAction: draws thigh forward and upward

THIGH (Dorsal)

1. Gluteus

2. Pyriformis

3. Triceps Femoris

4. Semimembranosus

5. Biceps Femoris

1. Sartorius

2. Adductor Longus

3. Adductor Magnus

4. Gracilis Major

5. Gracilis Minor

6. Semitendinosus

THIGH (Ventral)

Origin: pelvic girdleInsertion: front of the tibiaAction: extensor of the shank

Triceps Femoris

Biceps Femoris

Origin: crest of the ileum above the acetabulumInsertion: distal part of the femur and posterior border of the tibio-fibulaAction: adducts the thigh against the trunk, also extend to the shank

Semimembranous

Origin: dorsal side of the ischiumInsertion: posterior end of the tibio-fibulaAction: flexes of the shank

Gracilis Muscles

Origin: edge of the ischiumInsertion: inner side of the tibio-fibula below the headAction: flexes shank

Semitendinosus

Origin: ischium by two headsInsertion: with the gracilis minor on the proximal end of the tibio-fibulaAction: adducts thigh and flexes the shank

Adductor Muscles

Origin: ischium and pubisInsertion: distal end of the femur Action: adducts thigh and leg

SHANK (Dorsal)

1. Gastrocnemius

2. Peroneus

SHANK (Ventral)

1. Gastrocnemius

2. Tibialis Posticus

3. Extensor Cruris

4. Tibialis Anticus

Longus

5. Tibio-fibula bone

Origin: distal end of the femur by a flat tendon, and edge of knee tendonInsertion: tendon of AchillesAction: extends the foot and flexes the shank

Gastrocnemius

Peroneus

Origin: knee tendonInsertion: tibio-fibula, distally by ankleAction: draws shank against the thigh and extends or twista the foot

Tibialis Anticus

Origin: femurInsertion: calcaneal boneAction: extensor of the foot

Tibialis Posticus

Origin: femurInsertion: calcaneal boneAction: extensor of the foot

QUIZ

MUSCLES OF THE FLOOR OF THE MOUTH AND TONGUE

LOWER JAW

PECTORAL GIRDLE, SHOULDERS, AND ARMS

ABDOMINAL WALL

BACK AND PELVIC GIRDLE

THIGH (Dorsal)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

THIGH (Ventral)

SHANK (Dorsal)

1.

2.

SHANK (Ventral)

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

• Sources:

• http://www.animalcorner.co.uk/animalgroups/dfrogmuscle.html

• http://www.google.com.ph/imglanding?imgurl=http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/mjvl/biology/dissect/frog_images/frog_muscles_dorsal.jpg&imgrefurl=http://shs.westport.k12.ct.us/mjvl/biology/dissect/frog.htm&h=1500&w=1115&sz=187&tbnid=AQvShJS0kSLXGM:&tbnh=150&tbnw=112&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dfrog%2Bmuscles&zoom=1&q=frog+muscles&usg=__CXMftte77R3h9uEa3ARu-QnxBIg%3D&sa=X&ei=Z-U6TZbjB4OsrAe4-PToCA&ved=0CBsQ9QEwAg

• http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/lab-9b/Frog-Muscles-1.htm

• http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/lab-9b/Frog-Muscles-2.htm

• http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/lab-9b/Frog-Muscles-3.htm

• http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/zoolab/lab-9b/Frog-Muscles-4.htm

GOODLUCK!