beyond t 24

Energy Code Works, Inc.

Title-24 Building Energy Standards

Mark Madison CEPE, CEA, AEE, HERS Rater, GreenPoint Rater, ResNet Rater, Member CABEC, CHEERS

www.energycode.com Energy Code Works, Inc.

Beyond Title-24

Why Beyond Title-24?How do you get beyond Title-24?

Beyond Title-24

Why Beyond Title-24? Incentives and requirements (carrots & sticks)

Carrots: Utility incentive programs PV incentives (NSHP) Energy-Star LEED

Sticks Cities requiring better than Title-24 compliance Energy efficient mortgages

Self-motivated designers/builders Title-24 energy code = just barely legal

Beyond Title-24

How do you get beyond Title-24? Challenges: New 2008 Title-24 Building Energy Standards 15-22% more

restrictive, tougher than current 2005 energy code. Many energy credits in 2005 standards are now baseline for 2008

energy code New 2008 energy code introduces additional layers of compliance

criteria, forms, paperwork

Beyond Title-24

How do you get beyond Title-24? Opportunities: 35% better than 2005 Title-24 has been achievable. 2008 Title-24 energy code contains new credits Building industry has reacted to carrots and sticks

Insulation products Radiant Barriers Cool Roofs HVAC efficiencies Window/doors products NFRC testing Tank less water heaters

Scope of this Class

Changes to Envelope Requirements1

Changes to HVAC Requirements2

New Residential Lighting Requirements3

Impact of Time Dependant Valuation (TDV) 4

Scope of this Class

Beyond Title-24: Envelope5

Beyond Title-24: HVAC6

Beyond Title-24: HERS Measures7

SDG&E’s Incentive Programs 8

2008 Building Energy Standards

Effective date: January 1, 2010

Some cities and counties will allow you to submit 2008 Title-24 compliance calculations prior to January 1, 2010.

Benefits of using 2008 Standards now (tract projects) Current projects that might slip past January1 date should be

analyzed using 2008 Standards to avoid surprises later.

Effective date: January 1, 2010

Future of Title-24

Scope of this Class

www.energycode.com www.energycode.com

Compliance Paths

Two compliance paths available

Prescriptive Performance

Compliance Paths

Mandatory Measures

Performance Path

Prescriptive Path

Compliance Paths

Advantages/Disadvantages

Mandatory Measures

Performance Path

Prescriptive Path

Building Envelope

Walls, floors, ceiling assemblies

Windows, glass doors, skylights

When required, testing and certification, & labeling requirements, where required.

Building Envelope

Current 2005 Prescriptive Requirements

Building Envelope

New 2008 Prescriptive Requirements

Building Envelope

Bottom Line:Prescriptive insulation levels remain essentially unchanged from 2005 standards

Big change…..Fenestration requirements

Building Envelope

Current 2005 Prescriptive Requirements

Building Envelope

Two allowable methods for determining window & door performance:

NFRC procedures/labels or…

Use default tables (116-a & 116-b)

Building Envelope

Default tables 116-a & 116-b

Building Envelope

2008 Package D

Building Envelope

Package D vs. Default tables (U-factor)

Building Envelope

Package D vs. Default tables (SHGC)

Building Envelope

Package D vs. NFRC labels

Building Envelope

Bottom Line:

Prescriptive U-factor requirements almost 30% more stringent than 2005 code

2008 Standards will force you to use NFRC Labels

Significant penalty for using default tables

Building Envelope

When required, where required, testing, certification & labeling

In 2008 code required prescriptively in all climate zonesNew, addition & alterations

Building Envelope

Energy Star Cool Roof does not qualify in California

Must be certified & labeled by the Cool Roof Rating Council

Building Envelope

Exemptions to cool roof requirement:Roof areas covered by building integrated photovoltaic panels and solar hot water panels and roofs with existing roof ballasts w/weight of 25 lb/ft2 are exempted from cool roof requirement.

Scope of this Class

Minimum AFUE, SEER, EER

SEER vs EER

Prescriptive requirementNo prescriptive alternativesHVAC change-outs

Refrigerant Charge MeasurementCooling Coil AirflowFat Watt Draw

Appliance Efficiency Regulations set HVAC efficiency minimums in Prescriptive Packages

Prescriptive Packages refer to Appliance Efficiency Regulations minimums

SEER vs EER

Questions:

What is the difference between EER and SEER?

Why does it matter?

SEER vs EER

EER is measured at 80 degrees indoor air running continuously

SEER is measured by using the EER and factoring in the same unit running under a lighter load (80 degrees indoor, 82 degrees outdoor and cycling on and off

SEER vs EER

Why this matters:

Possible for two units with the same SEER to have different EERs

For two units with a given SEER the one with the higher EER will be more efficient

EER’s higher than 10 require HERS verification

Take time to verify SEER and EER

SEER vs EER

Why this matters:

EER higher than 10 will trigger a HERS credit in the Title-24 compliance calculations

Will also appear on the CF-1R as a HERS measure required verification and a CF-4R

SEER vs EER

Bottom Line:Minimum efficiency levels remain essentially unchanged from 2005 standards. EER more important

Big change…..Duct testing, Refrigerant Charge Measurement, Cooling coil airflow & Fan Watt Draw

TXV verification or higher EER alternatives no longer options to avoid duct sealing & testing

Performance approach is an option to tradeoff against duct sealing & testing

HVAC change-outs

Ducts must be sealed and tested under any of the following circumstances:

HVAC change-outs

1. Air handler installed or replaced2. Outdoor condensing unit installed or replaced3. Cooling or heating coil installed or replaced4. Furnace heat exchanger installed or replaced5. When existing duct systems are altered in

climate zones 2, 9, 10, 11, 12-16

Refrigerant Charge MeasurementCooling Coil AirflowFan Watt Draw

Prescriptive Package Requirements

Refrigerant charge MeasurementClimate zones 2 and 8-15 (split systems only)

Cooling Coil Airflow (greater than 350 cfm per ton)Climate zones 10-15

Fan Watt Draw (less than 0.58 watt per cfm)Climate zones 10-15

Prescriptive Package Requirements

Two permanently installed temperature sensors, one mounted on evap coil and one mounted on condenser coil.

Must be type K with plug leading to outside of equipment accessible to HERS raters without any disassembly

Two permanently installed temperature sensors, one mounted on evap coil and one mounted on condenser coil.

Must be type K with plug leading to outside of equipment accessible to HERS raters without any disassembly

Bottom line

These HERS measures are baseline in Package D so they will be widespread

Because they are required in Package D they are not available as a credit to help you go beyond Title-24

HVAC contractors will need to become familiar with testing procedure for all three HERS measures.

CF-6R HVAC forms will need to be filled out prior to HERS verification tests

Will need system in place for providing sensors, temperature and pressure access holes w/labels for HERS raters

Scope of this Class

New for 2008 Residential Standards

Previous versions of Title-24 did not account for time-of-use patternsTDV accounts for variations in cost related to time of day, seasons, geography, fuel type2008 Standards now places a higher value on energy savings during high cost timesEncourages designs that will reduce peak loads thru-out California.

Example:Single family residence1800 sq. ft.Package D parameters

Example:SFR residence1800 sq. ft.Package D

1ST Perf RunFront facing N

2nd Perf RunMultiple Orientations

Strategies for TDV

Orientation is important is building design

Take advantage of all overhangs and side fins in building design

Model each window and door separately in compliance run

Utilize exterior shading devices

No credit for interior shading devices

Bottom Line for 2008

Building designs that generate high heating/cooling loads during peak energy cost periods will be severely penalized

Electric multipliers for 2008 up to 50 verses 20 in 2005 standards

Gas multipliers for 2008 up to 1.5 vs. 1.0 in 2005 standards

Upside: Energy saving features, strategies that reduce peak loads are rewarded greatly, can help you go “better than” Title-24

Title-24 Building Energy Standards

Scope of this Class

Compliance Paths

Building Envelope

2008 Upgrade Options

Opaque Options for credit:Superbatt insulationRadiant BarrierHouse wrap

Building Envelope

Superbatt insulationR-15: 3 ½” thickness 2x4 framingR-21: 5 ½” thickness 2x6 framing

Building Envelope

Radiant Barrier benefits:Reduces attic temperature/thermal load on attic insulationReduces thermal load on ducts

Building Envelope

House Wrap:Reduces building envelope air leakage

Must be applied continuouslyAll tears/breaks repairedHorizontal seams lappedVertical seams lappedWindows/penetrations taped or caulkedTaped or sealed at slab junction

Building Envelope

Default tables 116-a & 116-b

Building Envelope

Package D vs. NFRC labels

Building Envelope

Glazing Strategies for Beyond Title-24:

Do not use default tables if possible

Relatively easy to hit 0.40 UF/SHGC target

Energy Star target of 0.30 UF/SHGC is driving window manufactures product more than California’s Title-24’s 0.40/0.40

Building Envelope

Beyond Title-24: Envelope Results5

6Package DResults:

Building Envelope

Envelope Improvements Results:

Superbatt: R-15 wall insulation R-38 ceiling insulation

Radiant Barrier

House wrap

Milgard Low-E windows: 0.30 U-factor 0.30 SHGC (Energystar)

Building Envelope

SuperbattRadiant BarrierHousewrapMilgard Low-EWindows

Scope of this Class

HVAC Upgrades Beyond Title-24

SEER vs EER

Refrigerant Charge MeasurementCooling Coil AirflowFat Watt Draw

HVAC Beyond Title-24

Prescriptive Packages refer to Appliance Efficiency Regulations minimums

Appliance Efficiency Regulations set HVAC efficiency minimums in Prescriptive Packages

HVAC Strategies

HVAC Strategies for Beyond Title-24:

Higher AFUE (90%+)

Higher SEER and higher EER

HVAC zoning

Ducts within conditioned space

HVAC Strategies

HVAC Zoning

Living & Sleeping Zones

HVAC Strategies

Duct Location

Within Conditioned Space

Buried ducts

Both require extensive documentation

Prescriptive requirementNo prescriptive alternativesNo credit potential

Prescriptive Package D Requirements

HVAC Improvements Results:

90% AFUE

14 SEER 11.00 EER

HVAC Zoning

Building Envelope

Superbatt: R-15 wall insulation R-38 ceiling insulation

Radiant Barrier

Housewrap

Milgard Low-E windows: 0.30 U-factor 0.30 SHGC (Energystar)

90% AFUE

14 SEER 11.00 EER

HVAC Zoning

Total: 25% better than Title-24

Scope of this Class

Refrigerant Charge

Low Leakage AHU

Supply Duct Credits

Supply Duct

Location

Duct Sealing •Sealed and HERS verified less than 6% supply fan flow•Change-outs: 15% or less of fan flow Package D, no credit

• Conditioned space, buried ducts Credit, lots of documentation

• Reduced surface area Credit, lots of documentation

• NEW CEC certified AHU w/less than 2% leakage.Duct sealing & testing also required.

•CHANGED Refrigerant charge verified using one of three methods Invasive, non-invasive & CID. No TXV to trade against Package D,

No credit

HERS Measures

Cooling Capacity

High EER

Fan Watt Draw

CID • NEW Charge Indicator Device Credit, not yet available

• NEW Requires air handling units maintain supply airflow greater than 350 cfm per nominal ton of cooling capacity across the coil Package D, no credit

• NEW Requires fan watt draw less than 0.58 watts per cfm•Package D, no credit

• HVAC condenser & coil correctly matched to achieve high EER (above 10) Credit

•Credit for A/C equipment having cooling capacity that meets calculated maximum cooling load. Credit, load calcs req.

HERS Measures

Photovoltaic

Envelope Sealing

Ice Storage

Evap Cooled Condensers

• NEW Improves EER, water use limits & duct sealing, air flow, and refrigerant charge verification required. Credit

• NEW Shifts peak energy use to off-peak hours (Ice Bear) Additional HERS measures required Credit

• Sealing, caulking, gaskets. Verified by HERS blower door test.•Credit

• Framing stage field verification then insulation stage verification.• New QII verification for Spray Polyurethane Foam•Credit

• Not a Title-24 credit, New Solar Home Program requirement• HERS PV verifications required.

HERS Measures

PhotovoltaicQII

Fan Watt Draw

Cooling Coil Airflow

Refrigerant Charge

Duct Sealing

HERS Measures

HERS Measures most commonly specified for 2008:

Scope of this Class

HERS credits assumed in run:

Duct sealing & testing (Package D)Verified fan flow (package DRefrigerant charge verification (Package D)EER verification (credit)HVAC zoning: (credit)QII (credit)

Scope of this Class

HERS creditsresults:

Scope of this Class

HERS credits left remaining:

Blower door testIce storage systemDucts in conditioned spaceMeasured duct surface areaWater cooled condensor

These credits can be used for plans with more glass area than baseline (20% CFA)

Also:Radiant heatingTankless water heater

Building Envelope

SuperbattRadiant BarrierHousewrapMilgard Low-EWindows

Adding a tanklesswater heater would have easily pushed results to15% better thanfor LEED

Beyond Title-24

Resistance to HERS measures:

HVAC contractors (duct testing):Extra expense“our ducts don’t leak”

Insulation contractors:Extra expenseUnnecessary, “our installations pass inspection”

Beyond Title-24

HVAC contractors (duct testing):“Our ducts don’t leak”Extra expense

Most new ducts leak over 25%Common problems:Poor duct designConnections not to codeLeaky fan coil unitsDucts not properly supported

Beyond Title-24

Duct testing

Air Conditioning Contractors of AmericaQuality Installation Specification

HVAC industry guide that “establishes minimum criteria for the proper installation, maintenance and servicing of HVAC systems”

Beyond Title-24

Duct testing

Air Conditioning Contractors of AmericaQuality Installation Specification

Uses identical criteria for allowable ductleakage as Title-24’s HERS duct sealing & testing procedures.

Beyond Title-24

Resistance to HERS measures:Insulation contractors:Extra expenseUnnecessary, “our installations pass inspection”

Why is it more expensive to do it right?

What guidelines are insulation contractors using normally?

Beyond Title-24

North American InsulationManufacturers of America

Guidelines for installation of insulation and hiring of insulation contractors

Beyond Title-24

North American InsulationManufacturers of America

Guidelines virtually identical withHERS QII compliance checklist

If contractors follows this checklistthey likely will pass HERS QIIverification inspection

Beyond Title-24

Bottom line

HERS measures represent one of the most cost-effective energy savings strategies in the energy code.

Energy savings & quality control

HVAC contractors and Insulation contractors willNeed to become familiar with HERS criteria for compliance.

HERS requirements are virtually identical to their own industry installation guidelines

Compliance Forms

CF-6R Installation CertificateCF-4R Field Verification/HERS

Installation

CF-6R bottom line:

CF-6R forms a major part of Title-24 compliance now. The real “teeth” in the new code.

Contractors need to be familiar with CF-6R forms

Also will need to review CF-1R during bid process to determine if any HERS measures will affect their work

Will require coordination between Designer, Title-24 consultant and HERS raters

CF-6R forms filled out by hand will be unwieldy because of requirements to file electronically

Will need a system to provide documentation package to homeowner:

CF-1R,CF-6R, CF-4R, Operation & maintenance information for all features and devices.

Compliance Forms

Installation

Certificate of Compliance (CF-1R)

Prepared by Title-24 consultant or designer

Submitted to plancheck and approved copy provided to General

Contractor

Compliance Forms

Installation

Certificate of Installation (CF-6R)

Filled out by contractor and sub-contractors

Provided to inspector & HERS Rater & later to the homeowner

Submitted to plancheck and approved copy provided to General

Contractor

Compliance Forms

Installation

Certificate of Verification and Diagnostic (CF-4R)

Completed by HERS Rater Registered with CHEERS or Calcertsand copy provided to contractor

Certificate of Installation (CF-6R)

Filled out by contractor and sub-contractors

Provided to inspector & HERS Rater & later to the homeowner

Submitted to plancheck and approved copy provided to General Contractor

Compliance Forms

CF-6R Installation CertificateCF-4R Field Verification/HERSRegistration

Registration

New concept and new requirement

Introduced in stages thru 2010

January 1, 2010 required for low-rise residential buildings, multiple orientations , & HERS measures

Starting October 1, 2010 registration required for ALL low-rise residential buildings with HERS measures

CF-1R, CF-6R, CF-4R required to be submitted electronically to HERS provider (CHEERS or CalCerts)

Registry available to authorized users of HERS data registry

Includes energy consultants, builders, owners, contractors, installers, HERS raters, building departments, C.E.C.

Compliance Forms

CF-6R Installation CertificateCF-4R Field Verification/HERSRegistration

Registration

Implications:

If registration required building department will require registered copies of CF-1R , CF-6R, and CF-4R that display their unique registration number

Contractors may not be set up to submit their CF-6R forms electronically for registration

Can use services of HERS raters to facilitate transmittal of CF-6R to registry. However contractor is responsible for content of CF-6R and must sign. HERS rater cannot certify information on a CF-6R form.

The days of filling out CF-6R on the hood of contractors work truck are basically over

Good communication and record keeping criticalUse time left to put into place filing system/record keeping system

Registration

Preparation for 1/1/2009

Energy Consultants1

Download Standards, Manual, Appendixeshttp://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/index.html

Attend training seminars for approved software

Develop record keeping procedure for registration requirement

Architects/Designers2

Set up drawing files to accept all forms required on plans

Set up note blocks for ASHRAE 62.2 requirements

Window selection cannot be put off until building under construction. Using default U-factors/SHGC for plan-check submittals will make it difficult if not impossible to comply.

Bring Title-24 consultant on board early in design stage

HVAC Contractors3

Be prepared to perform rough-in duct testing (4% leakage)HERS rater can do this for you

Provide training to your installers for proper duct sealing, airflow, refrigerant charge to minimize HERS verification failures

Prepare proper load calcs for every job and have documentation ready.

Will need system for providing access holes and labeling to avoid holdups in HERS verifications

Be prepared to fill out electronically CF-6R for HVAC new and change-outs

Develop system to record and track CF-6R forms that will be needed later in HERS process or incentive process

Develop good relationship with local HERS rater(s) HERS rater cannot be part of your company in any way shape or form, cannot self-verify. HERS raters are audited annually.

Building Officials4

Download Standards, Manual, Appendixeshttp://www.energy.ca.gov/title24/2008standards/index.html

Building departments will need to set up access to HERS provider data registry.

Understand which documents required at plan-check and which are required at inspection (CF-1R, CF-6R, kitchen lighting, CF-4R)

Forms are much more data intensive. Get familiar with new layout of forms and all the data that is now required.

HERS measures now baseline. Submittals that comply without them should be reviewed closely.

Inspectors will need to be familiar with all of the CF-6R forms.If registration required must be registered CF-6R forms, not filled out by hand.

Training on ASHRAE 62.2 highly recommended. Become familiar with ventilation calculation methods fan/control features that satisfy this requirement. Important for on-site building inspector, not at plancheck.

Mark Madison CEPE, CEA, AEE, HERS Rater, GreenPoint Rater, ResNet Rater, Member CABEC, CHEERS

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