bellringer : complete the punnett square

1

Bellringer: Complete the Punnett SquareIn Roses having thorns is dominant to not having thorns. Use

the punnett square to predict the probability that the offspring produced between two heterozygous roses will have thorns.

T t

T

t

Genotype:25% Homozygous TT50% Heterozygous Tt25% Homozygous tt

Phenotype:75% Thorns25% No Thorns

TT Tt

Tt tt

2

Bellringer: Complete the Punnett SquareR- Red flowersr- white flowers

R R

R

r

RR RR

Rr Rr

Genotype:50% Homozygous RR50% Heterozygous Rr

Phenotype:100% Red Flowers

3

Asexual vs. Sexual Reproduction

-REVIEW: What is Heredity? The passing of traits from parents to the offspring.-MAKE CONNECTIONS:How is heredity related to reproduction?Parents create offspring through reproduction which enables them to pass their traits to the next generations.

Sexual ReproductionSexual

Reproduction

1. 2 parents: Male and Female

2. Gametes are created through Meiosis: sperm (male)and egg(female)

3. Sperm and egg join= fertilization. After fertilization occurs the fertilized egg develops into the offspring.

4. Offspring look different from parent (mixed DNA)

5

Sexual ReproductionMeiosis- process of cell division that creates reproductive cells (gametes)with ½ the number of chromosomes as the original parent cell.

7

Sexual ReproductionAll the members of the

Animal KingdomFishMammalsAmphibiansBirdsReptilesInsectsCrustaceans

8

Sexual ReproductionPlant Kingdom

Flowers are the reproductive organs of plants.

Some flowers have both male and female reproductive organs on the same flower.

Male flower

Female flower

Asexual ReproductionAsexual

Reproduction

1. One parent2. No

gametes/reproductive cells are involved

3. Offspring produced by cell division (Mitosis)

4. Offspring identical to parent (same DNA)

5. Several different types of asexual reproduction.

10

Asexual ReproductionOffspring have 100% the same chromosomes

as the parent.

11

Asexual ReproductionBinary Fission

BacteriaProtists

Binary fission is a form of asexual reproduction where every organelle is copied and the organism divides in two.

12

Plant Reproduction Plant cuttings

(Plantlets)

Small pieces of a plant are cut off and rooted, to produce a new identical plant.

Plant Reproduction Tubers: an

underground stem that contains stored nutrients (starch).

Potatoes can be cut into pieces with each piece having an “eye” which can grow into a new potato plant.

Plant ReproductionBulbs: Short

underground stems surrounded by thick fleshy leaves that contain stored food.

New bulbs sprout from the old one.

Each bulb can grow into a new plant

Ex. Onions, tulips, garlic.

Plant ReproductionRunner : Stem

that grows sideways along the surface of the ground that has buds that can grow into new plants when they contact soil.

Ex. Strawberry plants

Plant ReproductionRhizome: Stem that

grows sideways underground.

Enlarged portions called nodes grow into buds which can form new plants.

Ex. Irises, ginger.

17

BuddingYeast

Hydra

Budding is a means of asexual reproduction where a new individual develops from an outgrowth of a parent, splits off, and lives independently.

18

Regeneration-Starfish

Regeneration occurs when a body part has broken off and the organism grows a new one.

19

RegenerationFragmentation

Fragmentation is a means of asexual reproduction where a single parent breaks into parts that regenerate into whole new individuals.

Leech

Sporulation: Spore formationOccurs in fungus,

algae and moldTiny spores form

inside the parent cell and are released and can grow into an adult organism.

21

Homework:Make a Venn Diagram

Asexual Reproduction

Sexual Reproduction

Both

Types of reproduction in living organisms

Pass DNA from

parent to offspring