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PopulationBig Idea: Population studies are an important part of geography.

PopulationPopulation – the total number of people

in a given area.What is the population of Greeneville?

◦15,024 (2012 Census)Where does it rank in size of cities in TN?

◦37thWhat is the population of TN?

◦6,346,105Where does it rank in size to the rest of

states?◦17

Population DensityPopulation density is a

measure of the number of people living in an area.

How many people per square mile?

Mexico City, a classic high-density urban settlement

Population DensityLet’s figure the population density, or people per square mile, of Greeneville and Tennessee.◦ Populations:

Tennessee: 6,346,105, Greeneville: 15,024

◦ What else do we need? Size Tennessee: 42,144 sq mi, Greeneville:

17.01 sq m 6346105 / 42144 = 151 15024 / 17.01 = 883

◦ Why is there such a big discrepancy?

Population Density Map – P.87

Which continent is the least densely populated? (has the fewest people per square mile/ kilometer)

◦Antarctica, which has no permanent residents

Which continent that is the most densely populated overall (has the most people per square mile/kilometer)

◦Europe 

Which countries in South and East Asia are the most densely populated

◦Possible answers—Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, China, India

Which continent is the least densely populated? (has the fewest people per square mile/ kilometer)

◦Antarctica, which has no permanent residents

List three areas on the map that have very low population densities. 

possible answers— northern Canada and Greenland, parts of northern Africa, parts of the interior of China, and parts of the interior of Australia

What might explain why these areas have very low population densities?

possible answers—their climates are harsh, with extreme temperatures such as cold in Greenland and northern Canada (near the North Pole) and hot in northern Africa, interior China, and interior Australia (part of desert regions); these areas also likely have fewer resources that people can use to survive.

Five major cities are included on the map. Besides being densely populated, what do some of these cities have in common, based on the map?

possible answers—four are port cities (except for Mexico City); three are located in very densely populated countries (Tokyo, Shanghai, Mumbai); four are located above the equator, in the Northern Hemisphere (except for São Paulo)

What use is population density?What would happen in places with a

high population density?◦In high population density areas, land

will be more expensive, roads are crowded, buildings are taller.

Tokyo

Manhattan

Bombay

What use is population density?What would happen in places with a

low population density?◦Difficult places to live.

Antarctica

Rocky Mountains

Sahara Desert

Clusters of PopulationLook back at the map. Where are there

places with large areas of dense population?

East and South AsiaEuropeEastern North

AmericaWhy?

Fertile soilSources of waterGood climate for

growing crops

Got it?How is population density usually

expressed?◦As persons per square mile (or km)

How does the population density and the space available differ in Japan and Australia?◦Japan has high pop., little space, Australia

has low pop., and much open space.Why do you think land is more

expensive in areas with high population density?◦Less available land.

Population ChangeWhat affects population size?People are born.People die.People move.

Key Statistics of Population ChangeBirthrate – the annual number

of births per 1000 people.Death rate – the annual number

of deaths per 1000 people.Natural Increase

◦the birthrate minus the death rate is the percentage of natural increase.

◦this is the rate at which a population changes.

Natural IncreaseCan this be negative?

◦YesEurope and North America have

very low rates of Natural Increase.

In Russia, the birthrate is 9.6% and the death rate is 15.2%.

What if it’s positive?The country of Mali has a population

increase of 3%In 23 years, the population could

double!What problems might that cause?

◦Jobs, Education, Medical care

Bell Ringer What statistic subtracts from a

country’s population.◦Death rate

Which continents have countries with the lowest rates of natural increase?◦Europe and North America

How does migration affect the world population?◦It doesn’t. It affects the population of

individual countries.

Migration Migration is the process of

moving from one place to live in another.

Why might people migrate?◦Jobs◦Lack of good farmland◦In the mid-1800’s poverty and disease

caused 1.5 million people to leave Ireland.

◦In the 1800s and early1900s thousands of British migrated to the U.S. for cheap land.

The Irish Migration – page 89

World Population GrowthAbout 2000 years

ago1800s19992012

Why?◦Better health care◦Improved food

30,000,0001,000,000,0006,000,000,000

7,000,000,000

World Population Growth

• How much did the world’s population grow between 1950 and 2000?• About 3.6 billion

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