basic accident investigation
Post on 29-Nov-2014
265 Views
Preview:
DESCRIPTION
TRANSCRIPT
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
REFERENCE GUIDE & LECTURE NOTES
Written & Presented by Dr. Robert Ing, DSc, FAPSc, CPO
www.drroberting.comJuly 2011
National Security & Intelligence Service Conference
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
What You Will Learn -
•Common terminology & definitions
•How to secure and survey the scene
•How to identify witnesses & conduct interviews
•How to gather information & evidence
•The basic components of an accident report
•How to determine causes & make recommendations
•How to assemble a basic accident investigation kit
•The 8 Steps of Accident Investigation
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONCOMPANY POLICY
An Accident Investigation will be conducted forALL Accidents and Incidents regardless of level of injury.
An Accident is a situation where a person is injured orwhere property is damaged. The person need not require
medical attention to be considered injured and theproperty damage may be only superficial but they are
still the result of an ACCIDENT and need to be investigated.
An Incident is a situation where no individuals sustainedany form of injury and there was no property damage.
However, the Incident had the potential of injury and damageand could be considered a “near-miss” or “close call” accident.
An INCIDENT must be investigated.We Investigate to Learn to MANAGE the RISK
of Personal Injury and Property Damage.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
The Objective of Accident Investigation is . . .
ACCIDENT PREVENTIONThis is accomplished by
•Determining the causes & circumstances of the accident.
•Making recommendations and taking steps to controlor eliminate these causes & circumstances in orderto prevent or reduce the risk of similar accidents.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
The Objective of the Accident Investigator is . . .
FACT FINDING NOT FAULT FINDINGThis is accomplished by
•Examining all physical evidence
•Interviewing those directly involved & witnesses
•Filing a detailed report on the accident.
•Identification of the causes & circumstances of the accident
•Making recommendations to control the risk of similar accidents
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
The Objective of Accident Investigation is ACCIDENT PREVENTION.
Accident Investigation DETERMINES CAUSES & CIRCUMSTANCES
of the accident and makes RECOMMENDATIONS TO CONTROL THE RISK OF SIMILAR ACCIDENTS.
The Objective of the Accident Investigator isFACT FINDING NOT FAULT FINDING.
Review
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION KITRecommended Contents –
50 foot tape measure12 inch metal rulerAA LED flashlightDigital flash cameraDigital voice recorder100 feet barrier tape100 blank 3” x 5” card tents or evidence marking tents100 assorted evidence bags (medium to extra-large)White sidewalk chalkBlack permanent ink marker3 pairs disposable latex glovesBlack ink ballpoint pen and mechanical pencilClipboardAccident investigation forms and checklists
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION KIT
The Accident Investigation Kit should be -
•Inspected on a monthly basis
•Kept in the office or vehicle of a senior investigator
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
THE 8 STEPS OF AN ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 1:EMERGENCYRESPONSE
STEP 3:IDENTIFY
WITNESSES
STEP 2:SECURESCENE
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 5:INTERVIEWWITNESSES
STEP 6:ANALYZE
FACTS
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
STEP 8:FOLLOW UP
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 1:EMERGENCYRESPONSE
ASSESS * PREVENT * PROTECT * SECURE
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 1:EMERGENCYRESPONSE
Emergency Response Objectives
STEP 1: EMERGENCY RESPONSE
•PREVENT the situation from getting worse
•PROTECT Life
•PROVIDE FIRST AID•CONTACT EMERGENCY SERVICES
•PROTECT Property•SECURE AREA to ensure free access for Emergency services and that nothing is disturbed
•ASSESS the situation and take charge
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 2:SECURESCENE
ASSESS * CONTROL * ISOLATE
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 2:SECURESCENE
STEP 2: SECURE SCENE
Secure Scene Objectives
•ASSESS the situation and take charge
•CONTROL crowds and onlookers
•ISOLATE the accident scene so nothing is removed
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 3:IDENTIFY
WITNESSES
IDENTIFY * INFORM * PLAN
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 3:IDENTIFY
WITNESSES
STEP 3: IDENTIFY WITNESSES
Identify Witness Objectives
•IDENTIFY witnesses first by making a list of names and contact information
•IDENTIFY those directly involved in the accident secondby making a list of names and contact information
•INFORM all witnesses that their help is needed todetermine what happened and to reduce the risk of asimilar accident
•PLAN to interview all witnesses within 24 hours
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
IDENTIFY * RECORD * DOCUMENT * LIST
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Gather Evidence Objectives
•IDENTIFY articles of physical evidence at the scene bylisting and tagging all physical evidence.
•RECORD appearance of the scene by photography ormaking a sketch of the scene. Take measurements ofthe area and note the locations of physical evidence.
•DOCUMENT scene environment such as weather, temperature, general conditions, surrounding areas tothe scene.
•LIST questions regarding physical evidence that must be determined.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Gather Evidence Objectives
•IDENTIFY articles of physical evidence at the scene bylisting and tagging all physical evidence.
Evidence tags must contain the following information:
Unique reference number for each piece of evidence
Date and time evidence was found/tagged
Physical name or description of evidence
Exact location where evidence was found
Printed name and written initials of investigator on scene
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCESTEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Evidence Tag
Tag / Reference # ____________________________
Date ____________________ Time _______________
Item Name / Description _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Location _______________________________________________________________________________________
Investigator ________________ Initials _________
EVIDENCE
Number here matches numberon evidence list and referencenumbers on sketches/photos
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONSTEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
Scene Sketches must be drawn on graph paper with eachsquare representing a unit of standard measure
(ie. 1 foot, 1 yard, 1 meter, etc.).
Gather Evidence Objectives
•RECORD appearance of the scene by photography ormaking a sketch of the scene. Take measurements ofthe area and note the locations of physical evidence.
Measurements of the scene must include the size of theaccident area, the distance between the victim and anyother victims, equipment or other physical evidence
involved.
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Scene Photograph
18
9
27Numbers here match numberson evidence tags and reference
numbers on evidence list
South
North
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Scene Sketch
Numbers here match numberson evidence tags and reference
numbers on evidence list
9
27
18
1 Square = 6 inches
South
North
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Gather Evidence Objectives
•LIST questions regarding physical evidence that must be determined.
An INVESTIGATION MATRIX is used to follow detailsbefore, during and after an accident.
The initial matrix will contain a detailed list of questionsthat must be answered in order to fully investigate theaccident. A second matrix will list in point form, theanswers to these specific questions and will build a
process map of the accident.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONSTEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Investigation Matrix
ProcessesMethodology
Environment
Materials
Equipment& Tools
People
AfterDuringBeforeFACTORS
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONSTEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Investigation Matrix
ProcessesMethodology
Environment
Materials
Equipment& Tools
People
AfterDuringBeforeFACTORSList those directly involved
and witnesses
List equipment and tools directly involved
List all materials (hazardous andNon-hazardous) involved
List weather conditions, internal conditionsand observed conditions
List in detail any specific procedures, methodsor sequence of events that were being followed
before or during the accident
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONSTEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 4: GATHER EVIDENCE
Sample Investigation Matrix
ProcessesMethodology
Environment
Materials
Equipment& Tools
People
AfterDuringBeforeFACTORS
List questions and answers relating to theRelevant FACTORS for
Before, During and After the accident
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 5:INTERVIEWWITNESSES
CONFIRM * IDENTIFY * CORROBORATE * OBTAIN
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 5:INTERVIEWWITNESSES
STEP 5: INTERVIEW WITNESSESInterview Witnesses Objectives
•CONFIRM and explain what has happened before, during and after the accident.
•IDENTIFY the identity of all persons involved in theaccident and those with possible knowledge of theaccident.
•CORROBORATE and verify all other witnesses’ accounts of the accident.
•OBTAIN suggestions and feedback on preventingsimilar accidents.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 5:INTERVIEWWITNESSES
STEP 5: INTERVIEW WITNESSESInterview Witnesses Guidelines
•The Goal of Interviewing Witnesses is to find fact,not to determine fault.
•Conduct interviews as soon as possible.
•Always tell the witness the purpose of the investigation and interview.
•Information that is volunteered is more reliablethan information that is demanded.
•Let them tell you what happened and ask yourquestions at the end.
•Take notes and only use a tape recorder to recordstatements if you have advised the witness first.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 6:ANALYZE
FACTS
IDENTIFY * SEPARATE * CROSS REFERENCEVERIFY * DETERMINE
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 6:ANALYZE
FACTS
STEP 6: ANALYZE FACTSAnalyze Facts Objectives
•IDENTIFY what has been found and what is missing.•SEPARATE facts from opinions.
•CROSS REFERENCE witnesses’ statements andexamined evidence.
•VERIFY the consistency of statements and evidence.
•DETERMINE what the next course of action is.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
OUTLINE * CATALOGUE * SUMMARIZE * RECOMMEND
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
STEP 7: PREPARE REPORT
The Accident Report must be completed and distributed to management, and the Health & Safety Committee within 72 hours.
Management will distribute copies to any applicable government investigatingAgencies and will ensure that a copy is posted on the Company’s Health & SafetyBulletin Board.
The Health & Safety Committee will distribute copies of the report to all committee members, Health & Safety Representatives and other workeror safety representatives.
Both the Health & Safety Committee and Management will work togetherTo communicate and implement the recommendations in the report to all employees and will at all times provide a unified effort to dispelrumors or hearsay that may be circulating amongst the employees.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
STEP 7: PREPARE REPORTPrepare Report Objectives
•OUTLINE all events contributing to the accidentin sequential order.
•CATALOGUE deficiencies or breakdowns in thesystem as they occurred.
•SUMMARIZE all deficiencies.
•RECOMMENDATIONS must always be included in the report and linked to specific deficiencies.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
STEP 7: PREPARE REPORTReport Contents
•Location, date and time.•Names & addresses of persons involved and witnesses.
•Nature of injuries and attending emergency services.
•Property damage.
•Detailed description of accident.•Identified cause of accident.
•Recommendations for corrective action.•Names and signatures of those conducting theinvestigation and preparing report.
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 8:FOLLOW UP
DISTRIBUTE * COOPERATE * SUPPORT
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
STEP 8: FOLLOW UPFollow Up Objectives
•DISTRIBUTE findings of investigation to stakeholders.
•COOPERATE with all stakeholders in developingpolicies & procedures that will reduce, manage
or neutralize the risk of this accident happening again.
•SUPPORT any accident reduction initiatives.
STEP 8:FOLLOW UP
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
The Objective of Accident Investigation is ACCIDENT PREVENTION.
Accident Investigation DETERMINES CAUSES & CIRCUMSTANCES
of the accident and makes RECOMMENDATIONS TO CONTROL THE RISK OF SIMILAR ACCIDENTS.
The Objective of the Accident Investigator isFACT FINDING NOT FAULT FINDING.
Review
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONThe EIGHT STEPS of
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION are . . ..Review
STEP 1:EMERGENCYRESPONSE
STEP 3:IDENTIFY
WITNESSES
STEP 2:SECURESCENE
STEP 4:GATHER
EVIDENCE
STEP 5:INTERVIEWWITNESSES
STEP 6:ANALYZE
FACTS
STEP 7:PREPAREREPORT
STEP 8:FOLLOW UP
BASIC ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION
REFERENCE GUIDE & LECTURE NOTES
Written & Presented by Dr. Robert Ing, DSc, FAPSc, CPO
www.drroberting.comJuly 2011
National Security & Intelligence Service Conference
top related