bad bugs begone - pest control in your garden
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Bad Bugs Begone
Independence GardensPortland, OR
January 2012© Independence Gardens LLC
Download the handout that goes along with this slideshow!
h!p://bit.ly/AkuTyw
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
What We’ll Cover TodayIntro
we are Independence Gardens• We build raised beds, chicken coops,
terraces, trellises, & other garden infrastructure
• Help with garden design & planning, cleanup, prep, and installation
• Teach edible gardening classes
• & make Doo Tees!
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Topics We’ll Cover• What “bugs” us most• Soil ➔ plant health• Right plant/right place• Plants’ friends are yours, too• IPM hierarchy• Less-toxic control• Take-home message(s)
What We’ll Cover TodayPreview
Got Questions? Please ask as we go along.
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
What We’ll Skip TodayAnd Some Other Options“Favorite” garden pests
Slugs Aphids Squirrels
Cats
Scale
Powdery MildewRaccoonsMoles
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsSlugs
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsAphids
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsScale
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsPowdery mildew
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsWho, me?
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsRaccoons
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
And Some Other OptionsMoles, squirrels, etc.
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Why Compost?An ounce of prevention...
• “Being there”- Observation, then
intervention
• Focusing on soil and plant health
• Right plant/right place
• Weeding and general cleanliness
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Bene!cial insectsGround beetle
“Ladybug”
Lacewing
Hover!ies
Praying mantis
Wasp
Rove beetlePirate bug
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Companion planting
• Guilds• Form/
function• Deterrents• Trap crops
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IPM: Integrated Pest Management
• Focus on control, not eradication- Monitoring- Identifying- Establishing
tolerance level- Developing a pest
management strategy
- Evaluating results
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Hierarchy of response
• 1-Cultural• 2-Physical• 3-Biological• 4-Chemical
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
• How you choose to grow your plants ma!ers- Choose disease-resistant varieties- Put the right plant in the right place- Use best practices for watering and
feeding your plants- Keep the garden clean- Implement a crop rotation- Plant plant companions
1-Cultural
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2-Physical
• Hand-picking• Spraying with water• Pruning• Barriers• Diatomaceous earth• Vacuuming• Mulching• Tilling• Trapping
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3-Biological
• Bene"cial insects• Nematodes• Bt• Encouraging animals that
prey on pests (garter snakes, frogs, and ducks) by providing appropriate habitat
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
4-Chemical
• Insecticidal soap• Horticultural oils• Botanical
insecticides• Inorganic
insecticides• And if all else fails
and you still have a major problem...
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Organic products
• Look for control products that are OMRI-listed
• ALWAYS read the label and ALWAYS follow instructions
• Wear your PPE (personal protective equipment)!
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Common pitfalls
• Time constraints• Lack of consistency• Discomfort with
eliminating living things
• Proper technique• Trying to eliminate
ALL pests
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
A Pocket Guide
Common Natural Enemies
of Crop and Garden Pestsin the Pacific Northwest
Determine the relative populations of pests and
natural enemies with preliminary monitoring. Then
use the following tactics to enhance biological
control as part of an IPM program.
! Protect natural enemies from disturbances
such as pesticides, other management
practices, their own natural enemies
(e.g., ants), or adverse environmental
conditions.
! Provide supplementary nectar or pollen
sources, alternate hosts, or shelter.
! Manipulate the behaviors of natural enemies
with attractants or with plant structure and
arrangement.
! Augment natural enemy populations with mass
releases of lab-reared individuals.
! Introduce natural enemies that are
absent from the area.
Biological Control Lady Beetles
(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
3
Observation tipsAll stages found on plants.
Predacious activityAdults and larvae prey onaphids, scale insects, mites,and other small insects.
Similar beetles
Adalia bipunctata
IdentificationAdults orange to redwith black spots, ormostly black; larvaelonger; eggs inclusters.
larva
pupa
eggs
Coccinella
novemnotata
Hippodamia
convergensOlla abdominalis
Chrysomelid beetles
Using this Guide
The cards in this guide are designed to help
you quickly learn the main groups of natural
enemies of crop and garden pests, their
predacious activity, and tips for observing them.
Photographs are of the most common species in
the Pacific Northwest.
Use this guide as a field supplement to other
publications that provide more detail on how to
scout for and manage specific pests and natural
enemies.
Print each sheet on regular paper or cardstock.
Then fold on the central horizontal line and cut
on the dotted orange lines to create three 2-sided
cards. (Laminate if needed.)
Most of the photographs in this pocket guide arefrom the Ken Gray collection.
All other photographs are from the author.
2
! When doing visual counts, also inspect the
undersides of leaves.
! Approach fast-moving insects slowly, or
use nets, beating trays, and traps to get a
closer look.
General Observation Tips
4 6
Green and Brown Lacewings
(Neuroptera: Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae)
Green lacewings, e.g., Chrysopa californica
IdentificationLight green orbrown, largewings, longantennae; larvaeflat with longmouthparts;eggs on stalks.
eggs
larva
ObservationtipsAdults often seenflying or on plants;eggs and larvae onplants. Brown lacewings, e.g., Hemerobius spp.
Predacious activityLarvae and adults mostly prey on aphids,mealybugs, and other small insects.
1⁄8 –1⁄3"
1⁄2 –3⁄4"
Distinguishing Natural Enemies
from Plant Pests in General
! Observe the specimen to see whether it
feeds on animals or plants.
! To see whether a particular natural enemy
attacks a target pest species, place
individuals of both species together in an
enclosed environment that allows them
room to move.
< fold here >< fold here > < fold here >
punchhole
5
EC 1613-E
December 2007
Resources
• Pocket Guide• OSU Extension Service
Master Gardeners• Miss Snail Pail
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Take-home message
• Your regular involvement is key
• Include others in your garden routine if at all possible
• Don’t let a problem become a Problem
• It’s OK to ask for help
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
Got Questions?
Tuesday, January 31, 2012
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