bacterial infection of cardiovascular system by dr. humodi a. saeed associate prof. of medical...

Bacterial Infection of Cardiovascular system

ByBy

Dr. Humodi A. SaeedDr. Humodi A. SaeedAssociate Prof. of Medical MicrobiologyAssociate Prof. of Medical MicrobiologyCollege of Medical Laboratory ScienceCollege of Medical Laboratory ScienceSudan University of Science and TechnologySudan University of Science and TechnologyE mail address: Biotechsust@hotmail.comE mail address: Biotechsust@hotmail.com

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

What is Cardiovascular system?

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Definition

Cardiovascular system (circulatory system), defined as a group of organs that transport blood and the

substances it carries to and from all parts of the body.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Components?

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Components

The cardiovascular (circulatory) system consists of :

1 .The heart 2 .Blood vessels .

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Functions?

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Functions

1 .Circulates blood throughout the body .2 .Delivers nutrients and other essential materials to

cells .

3. Removes waste products.

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Function

(It serves as the body's transportation system.)

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Diseases?

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Cardiovascular diseases

Disease of the heart and blood vessels.

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Bacteraemia

Bacterial Infection of CVS

1 .Bacteraemia• Presence of organisms not permanent.• Organisms not multiplying.• Patient asymptomatic.

• Important means of spread for other diseases.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Causes of Bacteraemia • Group B streptococcus • Escherichia coli (and other enteric Gram negative

bacilli) • Listeria monocytogenes • Streptococcus pneumoniae • Haemophilus influenzae • Staphylococcus aureus • Neisseria meningitides • Salmonella spp

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

• Group B streptococcus

• Neisseria meningitides

• Salmonella spp

• Haemophilus influenzae

• Listeria monocytogenes

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Causes of Bacteraemia (cont.)

• Streptococcus pneumoniae

• Haemophilus influenzae

• Neisseria meningitides

• Salmonella spp

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

Septicaemia

Cardiovascular system (CVS)

2. Septicaemia Septicaemia is a potentially life-threatening infection

in which large amounts of multiplying bacteria are present in the blood. It is commonly referred to as blood poisoning.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Septicaemia

• Organisms actively multiplying.• Patient acutely symptomatic.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Causes Septicaemia usually arises as a result of localised infection in the body. The primary site of infection may occur in the:

• Respiratory system• Skin• The gastrointestinal system• Genitourinary system.

Bacteria usually spill over from the primary infection site into the blood and are carried throughout the body thereby spreading infection to various systems of the body.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Symptoms1. Fevers

2. Chills

3. Rash

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Mortality1. Very high even with prompt therapy.

2. Gram positive 10 – 20%

3. Gram negatuve 25 – 40%

4. Septic shock 40 – 90%

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Endocarditis

Bacterial Infection of CVS

3 .Endocarditis

Viridans Streptococci

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Staphylococcus aureus

CoN Staphylococci Stomatococcus species

Enterococcus species

Bacterial Infection of CVS

3. Endocarditis (Cont.)HACEK group Bartonella species Rickettsia burnetii

Brucella species Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae Enterobacteriaceae

Ps. aeruginosa, Corynebacterium sp. Propionibacterium sp.

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Myocarditis

Bacterial Infection of CVS

4. Myocarditis

Cory.diphtheriae

Clostridium perfringens

group A Streptococcus Borrelia burgdorferi Neisseria meningitidis Staphylococcus aureus

Bacterial Infection of CVS

4. Myocarditis (Cont.)Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Chlamydia pneumoniae

Chlamydia psittaci

Rickettsia rickettsii

Rickettsia tsutsugamushi

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Pericarditis

Bacterial Infection of CVS

5. PericarditisStreptococcus pneumoniae

Staphylococcus aureus

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Neisseria meningitidis

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Bacterial Infection of CVSLab. Diagnosis

Specimen

Blood

Bacterial Infection of CVSLab. Diagnosis

Essential points1. Multiple collections

(3 in 24 hours)

2. Maximum volume

(do not overfill!)

3. Aseptic collection / handling technique is CRITICAL

Bacterial Infection of CVS Lab. Diagnosis

Microscopy

Gram stain

To detect:

1. Gram positive

2. Gram negative

Bacterial Infection of CVS Lab. Diagnosis

Blood culture:To isolate the causative

agent (s).

Bacterial Infection of CVS

Treatment

After performing sensitivity test.

Thank you