aulani " biokimia" presentation2 introduction to metabolism introduction to metabolism...

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Introduction to Introduction to MetabolismMetabolism

Aulanni’amAulanni’amBiochemistry LaboratoryBiochemistry LaboratoryChemistry DepartementChemistry Departement

Brawijaya UniversityBrawijaya University

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MetabolismMetabolism

Definition ?Definition ?

Metabolic pathways = network of linked Metabolic pathways = network of linked reactionsreactions

MetabolismMetabolism Catabolism (ATP production)Catabolism (ATP production) Anabolism (SyntheticAnabolism (Synthetic pathways) pathways)

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PROTEINPROTEIN POLISAKARIDAPOLISAKARIDA LIPIDLIPID BIOMOLEKULBIOMOLEKUL

ASAMASAM

AMINOAMINO GLUKOSAGLUKOSAGLISEROLGLISEROL

AS. LEMAKAS. LEMAK

MOLEKULMOLEKUL

PEMBANGUNPEMBANGUN

PIRUVATPIRUVAT

ASETIL-KoAASETIL-KoA

Tahap II

Tahap I

Tahap III

PRODUKPRODUK

PEMECAHANPEMECAHAN

UMUMUMUM

PRODUKPRODUK

KATABOLISMEKATABOLISME

SEDERHANASEDERHANACO2CO2H2OH2ONH3NH3

SIKLUS ASAMSIKLUS ASAM

SITRATSITRAT

PENTOSAPENTOSA HEKSOSAHEKSOSA

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Metabolism of Energy Metabolism of Energy Containing NutrientsContaining Nutrients

CarbohydratCarbohydratee

PyruvatePyruvate

Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA

Krebs CycleKrebs Cycle

ProteinProtein

Amino Amino AcidsAcids

FatFat

Fatty Fatty AcidsAcids

GlycerolGlycerol

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Biochemical PathwaysBiochemical Pathways

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How Cells Use EnergyHow Cells Use Energy

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the molecule in Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) is the molecule in cells that supplies energy. cells that supplies energy. Five-carbon sugar (ribose)Five-carbon sugar (ribose) Adenine (nucleotide base)Adenine (nucleotide base) Chain of three phosphate groupsChain of three phosphate groups

Most energy exchanges in cells involve cleavage Most energy exchanges in cells involve cleavage of the outermost phosphate bond, converting ATP of the outermost phosphate bond, converting ATP into ADP and inorganic phosphate.into ADP and inorganic phosphate.

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ATP-ADP CycleATP-ADP Cycle

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Kinetic EnergyKinetic Energy

EnergyEnergy in the process of doing work. in the process of doing work.

EnergyEnergy of of motionmotion..

Examples:Examples:

1.1. HeatHeat

2.2. Light energyLight energy SUN

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Potential EnergyPotential Energy

EnergyEnergy that matter occupies because of that matter occupies because of it’s location, arrangement, or position.it’s location, arrangement, or position.

EnergyEnergy of position. of position.

Examples:Examples:

1.1. Water behind a damWater behind a dam

2.2. Chemical energy (gas)Chemical energy (gas)GAS

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Hydrolysis of ATPHydrolysis of ATP

ATP + HATP + H22O O ADP + P (exergonic) ADP + P (exergonic)

HydrolysisHydrolysis(add water)(add water)

P P P

Adenosine triphosphate (ATPAdenosine triphosphate (ATP))

P P P++

Adenosine diphosphate (ADPAdenosine diphosphate (ADP))

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Dehydration of ATPDehydration of ATP

ADP + P ADP + P ATP + H ATP + H22O (endergonic)O (endergonic)

Dehydration synthesisDehydration synthesis

(remove water(remove water) )

P P P

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

P P P++Adenosine diphosphate Adenosine diphosphate

(ADP(ADP))

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