audio lingual method & drilling by akba febriana s

AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD

(ALM) & DrillingPresented

ByAKBA FEBRINA S.

BACKGROUND

World war II (Army methode (ASTP)) at 1940 in USA

Psychology Behavioristic (Skinner & Watson)

DEFINITION OF AUDIO LINGUAL METHOD (ALM)

Focuses in repetition some words to memorize (Diane Larsen and Freeman)

Use drills and pattern practice in teaching language.(RICHARDS)

“Based on the principles of behavior psychology. It adapted many of the principles and procedures of the Direct Method, in part as a reaction to the lack of speaking skills of the Reading Approach“ (Jill Kerper Mora)

Is Method for teaching foreign language

Does not use the students’ native language.

Language learners are able to speak in received pronunciation and grammar right.

Language learners have no difficulty in understanding printed materials.

focusses on training activities, drill, memorizing vocabulary, dialogues, reading text.

PRIN AC LI MPLE

The general consep of ALM

Language utterance that are used in everyday life

Listening and speaking is the firs perfomed than, followed with reading and writing

Each user of language directed to speaking in a different way

TEACHER ROLE’S

STUDENT’s ROLE

They repeat, imitate teacher’s model, form habits.

required to pronounce or read repeated word by word that given by the teacher .

invite (in English Directly) without having to bring Native Language

They should learn and respond and verbal or noverbal stimuli

THE TECHNIQUES

&ACTIVITIES

a. Memorizing Dialog

1

•Student memorize the dialog through mimicry.

2

•Student might perform the dialog for the rest of the class.

JIMY : Good morning, Lina.LINA: Good morning, Jimy.JIMY : How are you?LINA: Fine, thanks. And you?JIMY : Fine. Where are you going?LINA: I’m going to the libraryJIMY : I am too. Shall we go together?LINA: Sure. Let’s go.

b. Backward Bulld-up (Expansion) Drill

• Drill is used when students have difficulty in memorizing the long dialogue.

• EX:

Teacher: It is a beautiful scenery

Teacher : It is a beautiful ………

Student : It is a beautiful scenery

TEACHER : Book storeSTUDENT : Book storeTEACHER : To the book storeSTUDENT : To the book storeTEACHER : Going to the book storeSTUDENT : Going to the book storeTEACHER : I’m going to the book storeSTUDENT : I’m going to the book store

C. Repitition drill• Students were asked to imitate the teacher

as accurately and quickly as possible.• Example:

Teacher : This is the seventh month

• student : This is the seventh month

D. Chain Drill

A chain drill gets its name from the chain of

conversation that forms around the room as

students, one by one, ask and answer

question of each other.

E. Single Slot Subtitution

• Teacher reads one line of dialogue, and then the students say a word or group of words. Students are asked to that are appropriate to the verse earlierimitate by inserting a word or group of words dialogue.

• Example : Teacher : I know Him. (Hardly)

• Student : I hardly know him

f. Multiple Slot Subtitution Drill

• This Drill are the same as the single slot substitution drill, but more extensive. Not just one verse dialogue, but the full of dialog.

g. Transformational Drill

• The teacher gives the students a sentence, then the students were asked to change the sentence into different forms such as: interogati, negative, positive, passive, imperative and so on.

Example:

Kind of sentence formulaExample of Simple Past Tense

positive(+)

S + Verb-2 (past tense)S + be(was/were)

The teacher came

I was a stamp collector

negative(-)

S + did + not + bare infinitiveS + be(was/were) + not

The teacher didn’t come

I wasn’t a stamp collector

interogative(?)

Did + S + bare infinitivebe(was/were) + S

Did the teacher come

Was I a stamp collector

h. Question and Answer Drill

• Drill this model train students to answere questions correctly.

• i. Use Minimal Pairs

Teachers use a different word pair one sound, eg ship and sheep. Students are asked to find the difference in the two words, then practice to pronounce the word correctly.

J. COMPLETE THE DIALOG

Selected words are erased from

a dialog students have learned.

Students complete the dialog

by filling the blanks with the

missing words.

K. GRAMMAR GAME

The games are designed to get students to practice a grammar

point within a context.students are able to express

themselves, although it is rather limited in this game.

THANK YOU