associated bodywork & massage professionals digestive system anatomy and physiology flash cards

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Digestive SystemAnatomy and Physiology Flash Cards

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Directions

• The first slide asks a question.

• The second slide answers the question.

• Use these slides like flash cards to test your core knowledge.

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Question

• In your own words, define digestion.

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Answer

• Digestion is the breaking down of food into its simplest elements.

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Question

• The gastrointestinal canal is made up of what six organs?

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Answer

1. Mouth

2. Pharynx

3. Esophagus

4. Stomach

5. Small intestine

6. Large intestine

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Question

• The gastrointestinal canal is also known as the ______.

a. Alimentary canal

b. Large intestine

c. Small intestine

d. Tubular canal

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Answer

a. Alimentary canalb. Large intestine

c. Small intestine

d. Tubular canal

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Question

• Name three accessory organs of the gastrointestinal canal:

1. ______

2. ______

3. ______

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Answer

1. Liver

2. Gallbladder

3. Pancreas

4. Teeth

5. Tongue

6. Salivary glands

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Question

• List four of the six activities involved in the processing of food:

Answer 1. Ingestion—the taking in of food.

2. Propulsion—the movement of food through the

alimentary canal.

3. Mechanical digestion—physically prepares food for digestion.

4. Chemical digestion—Enzymes breakdown food (catabolism). Starts in the mouth and is more or less completed in the small intestine.

5. Absorption—passage of digested molecules from the GI tract to the blood and lymph.

6. Defecation—elimination of indigestible food.

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Question

• The act of chewing is considered ______.

a. Ingestion

b. Mechanical digestion

c. Defecation

d. Propulsion

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Answer

a. Ingestion

b. Mechanical digestionc. Defecation

d. Propulsion

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Question

• Mastication is ______.a. Swallowing

b. Chewing

c. The absorption of food.

d. The movement of food.

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Answer

a. Swallowing

b. Chewingc. The absorption of food.

d. The movement of food.

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Question

• ______ is saliva and food mixed together.

a. A bolus

b. A papillae

c. Chyme

d. A feces

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Answer

a. A bolusb. A papillae

c. Chyme

d. A feces

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Question

• The ______ is considered the soft food tube, connecting the laryngopharynx to the stomach.

a. Trachea

b. Papillae

c. Pharynx

d. Esophagus

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Answer

a. Trachea

b. Papillae

c. Pharynx

d. Esophagus

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Question

• The alimentary wall consists of four layers which include; the mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa, and ______.

a. Pharynx

b. Epithelial interna

c. Serosa

d. Mucosa glandular

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Answer

a. Pharynx

b. Epithelial interna

c. Serosad. Mucosa glandular

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Question

• ______ sphincter empties the contents from the esophagus to the stomach.

a. Pyloric

b. Ileocecal

c. Stomach

d. Cardiac

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Answer

a. Pyloric

b. Ileocecal

c. Stomach

d. Cardiac

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Question

• The majority of the breakdown of proteins occurs in the:

a. Stomach

b. Small intestine

c. Large intestine

d. Liver

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Answer

a. Stomachb. Small intestine

c. Large intestine

d. Liver

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Question

• The stomach turns the bolus into this liquid:

a. Plasma

b. Interstitial fluid

c. Chyme

d. Extracellular fluid

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Answer

a. Plasma

b. Interstitial fluid

c. Chymed. Extracellular fluid

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Question

• The ______ opens to allow the stomach contents into the small intestine.

a. Esophogeal sphincter

b. Ileocecal valve

c. Cardiac sphincter

d. Pyloric sphincter

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Answer

a. Esophogeal sphincter

b. Ileocecal valve

c. Cardiac sphincter

d. Pyloric sphincter

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Question

• Between 80% and 90 % of food absorption takes place in the ______.

a. Stomach

b. Small intestine

c. Large intestine

d. Esophagus

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Answer

a. Stomach

b. Small intestinec. Large intestine

d. Esophagus

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Question

• What is the storage device for bile? a. Gallbladder

b. Liver

c. Stomach

d. Small intestine

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Answer

a. Gallbladderb. Liver

c. Stomach

d. Small intestine

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Question

• Bile is used for ______.a. The breakdown of proteins.

b. The breakdown of fats.

c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.

d. All of the above.

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Answer

a. The breakdown of proteins.

b. The breakdown of fats.c. The breakdown of carbohydrates.

d. All of the above.

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Question

• The wave-like motion that propels food along the GI tract is ______.

a. Peristalsis

b. Pulse

c. Digestion

d. Mastication

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Answer

a. Peristalsisb. Pulse

c. Digestion

d. Mastication

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Question

• The finger‑like projections within the small intestines is called the ______. Their function is to increase the surface area of the small intestine and to absorb nutrients.

a. Tongueb. Papillaec. Villid. Duodenum

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Answer

a. Tongue

b. Papillae

c. Villid. Duodenum

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Question

• The last section of the small intestine, which opens to the large intestine, is known as the:

a. Jejunum

b. Ileum

c. Pyloric

d. Cecum

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Answer

a. Jejunum

b. Ileumc. Pyloric

d. Cecum

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Question

• The valve that allows chyme to pass from the small to the large intestine is the ______.

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Answer

Ileocecal valve

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Question

• As food passes through the GI tract, it is formed into a bolus, then transforms into chyme, and within the large intestine the chyme is transformed into ______.

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Answer

Feces• The large intestine reabsorbs much of

the water that is found within the chyme.

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Question

• Put the structures of the large intestine in the correct order, ending with structures that eliminate wastes.• Ascending colon• Decending colon• Transverse colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal• Cecum

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Answer

• Cecum• Ascending colon• Transverse colon• Decending colon• Sigmoid colon• Rectum• Anal canal