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AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH PROGRAMS – SEAFDEC AQD
Edgar C. Amar 1 and Joselito R. Somga 2
1 Fish Health Section Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center – Aquaculture Department Tgbauan, Iloilo, Philippines
2 Fish Health Management and Quality Assurance Section Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Quezon City, Philippines
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Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center – Aquaculture Department SEAFDEC -AQD
The Tigbauan Main Station (TMS) is the AQD headquarters situated right on the beach on the south coast of Panay Island, where brackishwater pond aquaculture has historically been a big industry. The 40-hectare complex includes various research laboratories, hatcheries, and broodstock tanks for experiments in artificial propagation, feed development, and health management.
SEAFDEC -AQD
Fish Health Section
• Bacteriology 2 Scientists with PhD • Virology 1 Scientist with PhD • Parasitology 1 Scientist with M Sc • Immunology 2 Scientists with PhD
1 Senior Technical Assistant (BSc) – Bacteriology 2 Senior Technical Assistants (BSc) –Bacteriology, Virology 1 Technical Assistant (BSc) – Parasitology and Histopathology 1 Research Technician (BSc) – Bacteriology and Virology
The Fish Health Section is staffed according to positions approved by the
SEAFDEC Program Committee as follows:
In addition, there are 4 Technical Assistants hired on fixed-term basis under projects funded externally by the Government of Japan Trust Fund (GOJ-TF) and the Japan international Research Center for Agricultural Sciences (JIRCAS).
All scientists in the section are active researchers with
at least two approved studies per year. One scientist is designated as the Section Head, one serves as Program Leader of the Research Division’s thematic area with fish health component, and another scientist is designated in-charge of the Diagnostic Services. All scientists contribute their expertise and are consulted in resolving disease cases.
The following are some research studies conducted by Fish Health Section researchers. Carriers for practical delivery of vaccines to shrimp and other crustaceans are being evaluated. This study compares the efficacy of protein (WSSV) vaccines delivered via microparticles made from chitosan and alginate.
Ongoing Research at the Fish Health Section
Also, the host response of Lates calcarifer to Amyloodinium ocellatum is being examined. The interaction between a fish host and a protozoan parasite may give some guide as to how outbreaks in hatcheries due to parasitic infestations might be prevented or controlled.
In order to establish a management technology for disease tolerant and sustainable aquaculture environment, research employing epidemiological approaches is continuing.
Research on parasitic and shell diseases of abalone (Haliotis asinina) in the Philippines aims to establish baseline information on parasitic diseases of this species in the country.
In addition, the molecular diagnosis and prevention of economically important viruses in fish and shrimp is developing sensitive but economical molecular methods of pathogen detection, including means to prevent occurrence of some target viruses.
There is also screening for antimicrobial activities of crude extracts from Philippine red seaweeds which attempts to find natural substitutes to antimicrobial drugs from farmed marine organisms.
Finally, immunization regimen for the prevention of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in high value marine broodfish is being developed. Once established, vaccination could be an efficacious way of preventing VNN infection in marine fish.
Bacteriology
Virology
Cell culture
Molecular microbiology (PCR)
Wet laboratory
Infection Building
Microtechnique laboratory
Laboratory for Advanced Aquaculture Technology
(LFAAT)
Facilities
The SEAFDEC AQD Fish Health Laboratory is committed to comply with OIE aquatic animal health standards. The laboratory has participated and passed the ring test for diagnosis of shrimp pathogens conducted by the OIE Reference Laboratory at the University of Arizona. It is also a participant in the ongoing Asia Regional Diagnostic Laboratory Proficiency Testing being facilitated by the Network of Aquaculture Centers in Asia and the Pacific (NACA).
Quality Control
FHS Diagnostic Services Laboratory has capability for PCR analyses of the following viruses: • Infectious Myonecrosis Virus (IMNV) • Infectious Hypodermal and Haematopoietic Necrosis
Virus (IHHNV) • White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) • Yellowhead Virus (YHV)/ Gill Associated Virus (GAV) • Taura Syndrome Virus (TSV) • Megalocytivirus: Red Seabream Irodovirus (RSIV) • Nervous Necrosis Virus (NNV) • Koi Herpes Virus (KHV) • Macrobrachium rosenbergii Nodavirus: White Tail
Disease (WTD) • Spring Viraemia of Carp Virus (SVCV)
Species N Percent (%)
Shrimp 144 51.43
Finfish 45 16.07
Crab and other crustaceans
39 13.93
Water 34 12.14
Mollusk 9 3.21
Other samples 9 3.21
Total 280 100.00
Diagnostic Cases by Species - 2012
Disease Method N + N- N Percent (%)
WSSV
shrimp PCR 67 391 17.1
crab and other crustaceans PCR 9 51 17.6
other samples (Artemia) PCR 2 2
IHHNV PCR 22 140 15.7
IMNV PCR 50 50
TSV PCR 35 35
GAV PCR 4 4
YHV PCR 4 4
WTD PCR 16 16
MBV MGS 23 23
VNN PCR 51 180 28.3
Parasites LM 8 16 50.0
Mollusk 200
Bacterial count 340
Histological samples 854 1,222 S
Diagnostic Cases by Disease - 2012
Developments in Response to the Challenge of Emerging and Unknown Pathogens
Surveillance of Tilapia pathogens in the Philippines – in collaboration with the National Research Council of the
Philippines (NRCP)
Surveillance of Mudcrab pathogens: Conventional and Molecular Methods – in collaboration with the Philippine
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
Development of Diagnostic Tools through Genomics and Establishment of the Philippine Shrimp Pathogen Bio-Bank
and Online Biosurveillance Information Resource – in collaboration with the Philippine Genome Center (PGC)
Philippine Shrimp Pathogenomics Program: Development of Diagnostic Tools through Genomics and Establishment of the
Philippine Shrimp Pathogen Bio-Bank and Online Biosurveillance Informaiton Resource
SHRIMP PATHOGENOMICS PROGRAM
PROGRAM FRAMEWORK
Program Leader: Cynthia P. Saloma, PhD
PGC-DSCF and NIMBB UPD
PROJECT 1
Shrimp Pathogenomics: Whole Genome Sequencing and
Bioinformatics
Cynthia P. Saloma, PhD
PGC-DSCF and NIMBB UPD
1. Whole genome sequences of >500 shrimp pathogens
2. Markers and Gene identifiers for Philipine shrimp pathogen strains
PROJECT 2
Bio-bank and Biosurveillance Database Resource
Edgar C. Amar, PhD
SEAFDEC-AQD
1. Compilation of pathogen epidemiological information
2. Online Philippine shrimp pathogen database
3. Philippine shrimp pathogen bio-bank
PROJECT 3
Diagnostic Kits: LFSB and PCR
Erwin P. Enriquez, PhD
ADMU
1. DNA-based lateral flow strip biosensor for shrimp pathogens
2. Mobile app and cloud management system for field data
3. PCR detection methods for shrimp pathogens
Genome sequences from different outbreaks uploaded to database
Biomarkers from Project 1 designed for LFSB strips and PCR tests
DNA extracted from stored shrimp pathogen samples for sequencing
Field data from LFSB strips and PCR tests uploaded to database in real time
Laboratory works and activities
Microtechnique works
Microscopy
Molecular and virology works
Surveillance of fish-borne zoonosis in a farm in Central Luzon, Philippines
Survey of Tilapia Cage Farms in Taal Lake, Philippines
Surveillance of fish-borne zoonosis in Ayerwaddy Division, Myanmar
Collecting samples from a farm in Cambodia
On-site Training on Freshwater Fish Health Management in Myanmar
Participants of the On-site Freshwater Fish Health Management Training Course in Cambodia
Asian Fisheries Society Fish Health Section Executive Committee (2010-2014)
10th Asia Regional Aquatic Animal Health Advisory Group Meeting
11th Asia Regional Aquatic Animal Health Advisory Group Meeting
OIE Country Mission – Evaluation of Performance of the Aquatic Animal Health Services of the Philippines (Feb. 03-18, 2013)
Visit/consultation with the SEAFDEC-AQD
OIE Country Mission – Closing Meeting BFAR Central Office
FINAL REPORT
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